While-drilling reamer blade and blade mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a reamer blade while drilling and a blade mechanism. Each blade comprises a blade body and cutting elements arranged on the blade body; the blade body comprises two crown surfaces and oblique chute tracks arranged on two sides of the two crown surfaces, the crown surfaces comprise an upper crown surface, a lower crown surface and gauge protection blocks, the crown shape of the upper crown surface and the crown shape of the lower crown surface are asymmetric crown shapes, the length of the upper crown surface is larger than that of the lower crown surface, the length of the upper crown surface and the length of the lower crown surface are in a first proportion, and the length of the upper crown surface and the length of the lower crown surface are in a second proportion. The minimum curvature of the upper crown surface is smaller than the maximum curvature of the lower crown surface, and the upper crown surface and the lower crown surface are connected through a gauge protection block; the upper crown surface and the lower crown surface comprise cambered surfaces of which the curvatures are gradually changed; the cutting element comprises at least two cutting teeth and at least two gauge protection teeth, the cutting teeth are arranged on the upper crown surface and the lower crown surface, and the gauge protection teeth are arranged on the gauge protection block; and the cutting teeth and the gauge protection teeth are arranged on the two crown surfaces in a staggered manner. The cutting force and the cutting area of the blade can be improved, the abrasion loss of the blade is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling technology, and particularly to a drill-while-drilling reamer blade and blade mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] As oil and gas exploration and development continues to advance into deeper and ultra-deep formations, deep and ultra-deep wells face challenges such as complex wellbore structures, small casing annulus clearances, and difficulties in ensuring cementing quality. Therefore, it is essential to employ reaming technology to enlarge the wellbore size and optimize the wellbore structure. Due to the increased formation layers in ultra-deep wells, with alternating faults and creep formations, the geological characteristics of ultra-deep wells are complex. Existing reaming tools face challenges during drilling, including high rock compaction and a mixture of hard and soft formations. This can lead to large torque fluctuations and poor drillability when drilling into hard formations, as well as premature wear, tooth loss, and chipping of the reamer blades. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The complex interplay of hard and soft formations in deep formations makes the blades of existing reamers prone to wear and uneven cutting forces during operation, resulting in short blade life and rapid failure. In addition, existing blades have low cutting force and cutting area when drilling into deep formations, leading to low working efficiency and failing to meet the needs of reaming operations in hard formations within complex interplay of hard and soft formations. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a blade that can meet the needs of reaming operations in different formations, reduce the wear of the reamer blades during drilling, increase the cutting force and life of the blades, and increase the cutting area to improve the efficiency of downhole reaming operations.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a formation reamer blade that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a drill-while-drilling reamer blade, comprising: a blade body and cutting elements arranged on the blade body;

[0006] The blade body includes two crown surfaces and inclined sliding groove tracks set on both sides of the two crown surfaces;

[0007] The coronal plane includes the upper coronal plane, the lower coronal plane, and the retaining block. The coronal shapes of the upper and lower coronal planes are asymmetrical. The length of the upper coronal plane is greater than the length of the lower coronal plane, and the lengths of the upper and lower coronal planes are in a first ratio. The minimum curvature of the upper coronal plane is less than the maximum curvature of the lower coronal plane. The upper and lower coronal planes are connected by the retaining block.

[0008] The upper and lower coronal surfaces consist of arc surfaces with different curvatures;

[0009] The cutting element includes at least two cutting teeth and at least two gauge-keeping teeth. The cutting teeth are arranged on the upper crown surface and the lower crown surface, and the gauge-keeping teeth are arranged on the gauge-keeping block.

[0010] The cutting teeth and the diameter-maintaining teeth are staggered and arranged on the two crown surfaces.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, the upper coronal surface is used for forward eye expansion, and the lower coronal surface is used for reverse eye expansion;

[0012] The length of the retaining block is less than that of the upper crown surface.

[0013] The inclined slide rail is used to connect with the eye expander.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments, the curvature of the upper crown surface gradually decreases away from the retainer block, and the curvature of the lower crown surface gradually increases away from the retainer block.

[0015] In some alternative embodiments, the cutting teeth include a base and a tip, and the tips of the cutting teeth are staggered on two crown surfaces and face the same direction;

[0016] Each cutting tooth has the same diameter, but each cutting tooth has a different length, and the length of each cutting tooth is less than the width of the crown surface.

[0017] In some optional embodiments, the cutting teeth are designed with a back angle, with a back angle of 0° to 20°.

[0018] In some alternative embodiments, the center radius of the cutting teeth gradually increases from the first to the last, and the center height gradually decreases from the first to the last, with the cutting tooth closest to the sizing block being designated as the first cutting tooth.

[0019] In some optional embodiments, the tooth center radius is 88mm to 115mm and the tooth center height is 1mm to 152mm.

[0020] In some alternative embodiments, the diameter-maintaining teeth include spherical teeth, semi-domed teeth, and impregnated teeth, which may or may not cut the formation surface.

[0021] In some optional embodiments, the blade wing further includes a chip-carrying groove;

[0022] The chip-carrying groove is located between the first crown surface and the second crown surface. The chip-carrying groove is used to carry the rock chips generated during the operation of the cutting teeth out smoothly.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a cutter wing mechanism, including: drill-while-drilling reamer cutter wings of different structures;

[0024] The cutter blades of drilling reamers with different structures are connected to the reamer via oblique grooves;

[0025] When connected to the reamer, the cutter wings of the reamer with different structures are evenly distributed at the same height along the axial direction.

[0026] In some alternative embodiments, different structures are manifested as follows:

[0027] Each blade has a different crown curvature;

[0028] The number of cutting elements on each blade is different;

[0029] The center radius of the cutting teeth on each blade is different;

[0030] The center height of the cutting teeth on each blade is different.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0032] The drilling reamer blade provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a blade body and cutting elements arranged on the blade body;

[0033] The blade body includes two crown surfaces and inclined sliding tracks set on both sides of the two crown surfaces; the crown surfaces include an upper crown surface, a lower crown surface, and a gauge block. The gauge block can play a role in shock absorption and protection of the blade, preventing the blade from wearing out rapidly during the drilling process. The crown shapes of the upper and lower crown surfaces are asymmetrical, with the upper crown surface being longer than the lower crown surface, and their lengths being in a first ratio. The minimum curvature of the upper crown surface is less than the maximum curvature of the lower crown surface. The upper and lower crown surfaces are connected by a gauge block. Traditional cutter wing crown surfaces are basically symmetrical, resulting in the same cutting force between the upper and lower crown surfaces. In complex formations with alternating soft and hard surfaces, the cutting force is insufficient for hard formations, causing rapid wear of the cutter wing and shortening its service life. The upper crown surface is used for primary cutting, and its curvature is designed to be less than that of the lower crown surface, so that the cutting force of the upper crown surface is greater than that of the lower crown surface. This allows the upper crown surface to better perform its cutting function in hard formations, reducing cutter wing wear and improving drilling and reaming efficiency. The upper and lower cap surfaces comprise arc surfaces with gradually changing curvature. Different curvatures result in different cutting areas and cutting forces. The varying curvature of the cap surfaces ensures that the cutting area and force differ at each location, adapting to formations with different geological characteristics to meet the needs of borehole enlargement operations in formations with alternating soft and hard surfaces. The cutting elements include at least two cutting teeth and at least two gauge-maintaining teeth. The cutting teeth are arranged on the upper and lower cap surfaces, while the gauge-maintaining teeth are arranged on gauge-maintaining blocks. The cutting teeth and gauge-maintaining teeth are staggered on the two cap surfaces. This staggered arrangement of the cutting teeth and gauge-maintaining teeth on the cap surfaces allows for better cutting of the formation surface during borehole enlargement, resulting in cleaner cutting of rock cuttings from the wellbore and improved cutting quality.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a front view of the drill reamer cutter blade in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cutter blade of the drilling reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a statistical diagram of the cutting area of ​​the crown surface of the blade in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a statistical diagram of the main cutting force on the crown surface of the blade in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a front view of the three-blade mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a top view of the three-blade mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0044] Deep formations have the characteristic of alternating hard and soft subsurface layers. Existing reamer blades are affected by this formation characteristic, which easily causes wear on the blades during downhole reaming operations, resulting in short blade life and rapid failure. At the same time, existing blades have small cutting area and cutting force during cutting, resulting in low working efficiency.

[0045] To address the problems of short tool life, small cutting force, and small cutting area in existing technologies, embodiments of the present invention provide a drilling reamer cutter blade and cutter blade mechanism.

[0046] This invention provides a drilling reamer blade, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0047] The blade body 1 and the cutting elements arranged on the blade body;

[0048] The blade body includes two crown surfaces and inclined sliding groove tracks 5 set on both sides of the two crown surfaces;

[0049] The coronal surface includes an upper coronal surface 4, a lower coronal surface 2, and a diameter-maintaining block 3. The coronal shapes of the upper and lower coronal surfaces are asymmetrical. The length of the upper coronal surface is greater than the length of the lower coronal surface, and the lengths of the upper and lower coronal surfaces are in a first ratio. The minimum curvature of the upper coronal surface is less than the maximum curvature of the lower coronal surface. The upper and lower coronal surfaces are connected by the diameter-maintaining block.

[0050] The upper and lower coronal surfaces consist of arc surfaces with different curvatures;

[0051] The cutting element includes at least two cutting teeth 7 and at least two gauge-maintaining teeth 6, the cutting teeth being arranged on the upper crown surface and the lower crown surface, and the gauge-maintaining teeth being arranged on the gauge-maintaining block;

[0052] The cutting teeth and the diameter-maintaining teeth are staggered and arranged on the two crown surfaces.

[0053] Optionally, the upper coronal surface is used for forward eye expansion, and the lower coronal surface is used for reverse eye expansion;

[0054] The length of the retaining block is less than that of the upper crown surface.

[0055] The inclined slide rail is used to connect with the eye expander.

[0056] The blade crown shape provided in this embodiment of the invention is asymmetrical. Compared to a symmetrical crown shape, this blade allows for different cutting forces when cutting the formation during downhole enlargement. Different cutting forces can be used for soft and hard formations to adapt to their geological characteristics. Inclined sliding tracks are provided on both sides of the two crown surfaces. (See attached image) Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a front view of the reamer cutter blade in this embodiment. The oblique sliding track is set on the side of the crown surface and can be connected with the limiting block on the reamer body to provide axial limiting constraint for the cutter blade.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the upper crown surface of the reamer's blades is longer than the lower crown surface. This design avoids stress concentration during cutting, preventing blade wear and tooth breakage, thus increasing blade life. It also allows for a larger effective cutting area when subsequent cutting teeth are arranged. The upper crown surface is used for forward reaming, and the lower crown surface is used for reverse reaming. During reaming, the increased cutting area of ​​the blades improves downhole reaming efficiency. The lengths of the upper and lower crown surfaces are in a first ratio, which can be between 30% and 40%. For example, the first ratio could be 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, or 40%. Through blade simulation experiments, it was found that if the length ratio of the upper and lower crown surfaces is less than 30%, the cutting area during the forward and reverse eye-opening process will decrease. When the cutting area decreases, the area of ​​the chip layer is reduced with each rotation of the blade, requiring more time for eye-opening and reducing work efficiency. If the length ratio of the upper and lower crown surfaces is greater than 40%, the cutting force during the forward and reverse eye-opening process will decrease. When the cutting force decreases, multiple repeated cuts are required when cutting hard layers, which increases tool wear and reduces service life. Therefore, a first ratio of 30%-40% can reduce blade wear and improve work efficiency during operation.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the minimum curvature of the upper crown surface of the reamer blade is less than the maximum curvature of the lower crown surface. Alternatively, the curvature of the upper crown surface can be considered to be less than that of the lower crown surface. Different crown surface curvatures result in different cutting forces on the blade. In actual drilling, forward reaming is mainly used for downhole reaming, so the cutting force of forward reaming is greater than that of reverse reaming. Experiments at the drilling site have shown that the smaller the curvature, the greater the cutting force. The upper crown surface is used for forward reaming, and its curvature must be less than that of the lower crown surface.

[0059] The upper and lower crown surfaces are connected by a gauge block. During the reaming operation, the gauge block does not primarily contact the formation. Since the blade blade generates significant vibration when cutting in hard formations, which affects the operation of the reamer, the gauge block can reduce cutting vibration and allow the blade blade cutting part to function better in hard formations.

[0060] Cutting elements are welded onto the crown surfaces of the blade wing. These elements include cutting teeth and gauge-maintaining teeth. The cutting teeth are welded onto the upper and lower crown surfaces, while the gauge-maintaining teeth are welded onto the gauge-maintaining block. The cutting teeth on the two crown surfaces are staggered, and the gauge-maintaining teeth on the two crown surfaces are also staggered. (See also...) Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the cutting teeth on the two crown surfaces are staggered. This arrangement is to ensure a cleaner cutting of the rock wall during the reaming process. After the cutting teeth on the first crown surface have finished cutting, the cutting teeth on the second crown surface can perform secondary cutting on areas that the first crown surface cutting teeth could not reach, thus improving the reaming quality. At the same time, this arrangement reduces the wear of the cutting teeth, distributes the force more evenly, and reduces the force imbalance of the cutter blades during reaming operations.

[0061] Optionally, the curvature of the upper crown surface gradually decreases in the direction away from the retaining block, and the curvature of the lower crown surface gradually increases in the direction away from the retaining block.

[0062] The upper and lower coronal surfaces include arc surfaces with different curvatures, and can also be at least two arc surfaces with different curvatures.

[0063] The curvature of the upper crown surface decreases away from the gauge block, while the curvature of the lower crown surface increases away from the gauge block. Since the curvature of the crown surface is different at each position, different cutting forces and cutting areas will be generated at each position, which can adapt to different formation characteristics. The crown shape of the upper crown surface of the positive enlargement is long, which can increase the amount of teeth, effectively improve the anti-abrasion of the blade, and increase the service life of the blade.

[0064] Optionally, the cutting teeth include a base and a tooth tip, and the tooth tips of the cutting teeth are staggered on the two crown surfaces and face the same direction;

[0065] Each cutting tooth has the same diameter, but each cutting tooth has a different length, and the length of each cutting tooth is less than the width of the crown surface.

[0066] The cutting tooth consists of a base and a tip. The tip can be made of a highly wear-resistant material, such as a PDC composite. The tip can be a flat tooth or a ridged tooth. Ridged teeth have a back or tip, which appears as a cylindrical shape with a single or double parabola connected to the base. The cutting tooth is embedded in the crown surface. The length of the cutting tooth is less than the width of the crown surface. If the length of the cutting tooth is greater than the width of the crown surface, the protruding part of the cutting tooth is too long, which can easily cause tooth breakage.

[0067] Optionally, the cutting teeth adopt a back angle design, with a back angle of 0° to 20°.

[0068] The cutting teeth employ a back angle design. The purpose of the back angle is to reduce friction between the cutting teeth and the rock wall during cutting. The back angle of the cutting teeth can be 0°, 2°, 3.5°, 4°, 4.3°, 7°, 10°, 12°, 14°, 18°, or 20°. The back angle of each cutting tooth can be the same or different. Specifically, the difference in back angle is manifested in that the back angle of each cutting tooth gradually increases and / or decreases in the direction away from the gauge block. For example, starting from the first cutting tooth, the back angle increases from 0° to 10°, or the back angle of each cutting tooth decreases from 15° to 4°. The back angle of each cutting tooth can increase uniformly, non-uniformly, or vary between 0° and 20°.

[0069] Choosing an appropriate back rake angle based on formation hardness can improve the impact resistance of the cutting teeth, enabling the cutter blades to achieve higher mechanical drilling speeds and longer lifespans. The size of the back rake angle is closely related to the rock-breaking effect. A larger back rake angle increases the multi-directional compressive stress on the underlying rock, increases the proportion of crushed rock, and makes it difficult to form large-volume shear fractures, thus reducing rock-breaking efficiency. Conversely, a smaller back rake angle results in a gentler rear section of the composite blade, allowing the cutting teeth to penetrate the formation more deeply. However, this also increases the tensile and bending stress on the cutting teeth, making the composite blade more prone to fracture. Therefore, there is an optimal value for the cutting angle. The size of the back rake angle is related to formation characteristics and the performance of the cutting teeth. Generally, a back rake angle of 0° or no more than 4° is used for soft formations; a larger back rake angle is used for hard formations to ensure effective cutting and prevent damage to the cutting teeth caused by impact loads. For different lithologies at different depths, while considering drill bit lifespan, appropriately reducing the back rake angle can enhance the cutting teeth's ability to penetrate the formation, resulting in higher mechanical drilling speeds.

[0070] Optionally, the center radius of the cutting teeth gradually increases from the first to the last, and the center height gradually decreases from the first to the last, with the cutting tooth closest to the sizing block being designated as the first cutting tooth.

[0071] Optionally, the tooth center radius is 88mm to 115mm, and the tooth center height is 1mm to 152mm.

[0072] The center radius of each cutting tooth can be 87.13mm, 98.72mm, 107.15mm, 110.16mm, 112.35mm, 113.75mm, or 114.28mm, gradually increasing from the first to the last tooth. The center height can be 151.6mm, 119.78mm, 86.97mm, 70.3mm, 53.5mm, 36.12mm, or 18.69mm, gradually decreasing from the first to the last tooth. Since the center height of each cutting tooth gradually decreases, the radius of each center increases as the height decreases. The higher the center height, the smaller the center radius; conversely, the lower the center height, the larger the center radius.

[0073] Optionally, the diameter-preserving teeth include spherical teeth, semi-domed teeth, and impregnated teeth, which may or may not cut the formation surface.

[0074] Spherical or semi-circular teeth can be used for the diameter-maintaining teeth. In this case, no cutting is performed on the formation surface. The spherical and semi-circular teeth can form shock-absorbing teeth when the reamer is working, thereby reducing the vibration generated during the cutting process, protecting the cutting teeth from damage, and allowing the cutting part of the blade to play a better role in the hard subsurface. The diameter-maintaining teeth can also be impregnated diamond teeth, which play a role in straightening the reamer. When the cutting teeth on the upper or lower crown surface of the main cutting part wear or lose teeth in the hard subsurface, the diameter-maintaining teeth cut the formation surface, share the cutting force to protect other structures of the blade from damage, or improve the quality of the wellbore by maintaining the integrity of the blade.

[0075] Optionally, the aforementioned reamer blades also include a chip-carrying groove;

[0076] The chip-carrying groove is located between the first crown surface and the second crown surface, and is used to carry the rock chips generated during the operation of the cutting teeth out smoothly.

[0077] Cutting chips can flow out through the chip-carrying groove, preventing clogging of the reamer or jamming of the cutter blade, thus avoiding affecting the normal operation of the cutter blade. The structure of the chip-carrying groove increases the chip removal space and improves the cooling effect of the rear teeth, effectively extending the service life of the rear teeth and increasing tool feed. The cutter blade has two rows of cutting teeth. When one row of cutting teeth is scraping the rock wall, the other row of teeth that is not scraping can be used as the rear teeth. This alternating operation of the two rows of teeth effectively extends the service life of the cutting teeth.

[0078] Figure 3 This is a statistical chart of the cutting area of ​​the crown surface on the blade. Figure 4 This is a statistical diagram of the main cutting force on the upper crown surface of the cutter wing. There are 27 teeth on the upper crown surface, with odd-numbered teeth arranged in one row and even-numbered teeth in another. The odd and even-numbered cutting teeth are staggered. Tooth 1 is the cutting tooth furthest from the gauge block, and the teeth are staggered sequentially. Tooth 27 is the cutting tooth closest to the gauge block. From... Figure 3 It can be concluded that the cutting teeth farther away from the gauge block have a larger cutting area during eye reaming, while the cutting teeth closer to the gauge block have a smaller cutting area, with the largest cutting area exceeding 10mm. 2 The cutting area of ​​most cutting teeth is 3mm. 2 ~8mm 2 It can effectively cut through the formation. From Figure 4As can be seen from the above tooth arrangement, the cutting teeth further away from the gauge block have a greater main cutting force, while the cutting teeth closer to the gauge block have a smaller main cutting force. The maximum main cutting force can exceed 7000N, and the overall cutting force is between 1000N and 5000N, which can meet the hole-opening requirements of strata with different geological characteristics and provide technical support for actual hole-opening work.

[0079] This invention also provides a cutter wing mechanism, including: drill-while-reamer cutter wings with different structures;

[0080] The cutter blades of drilling reamers with different structures are connected to the reamer via oblique grooves;

[0081] When connected to the reamer, the cutter wings of the reamer with different structures are evenly distributed at the same height along the axial direction.

[0082] Optional, different structures are manifested in:

[0083] Each blade has a different crown curvature;

[0084] The number of cutting elements on each blade is different;

[0085] The center radius of the cutting teeth on each blade is different;

[0086] The center height of the cutting teeth on each blade is different.

[0087] When multiple blades are combined together, each blade is evenly distributed at the same height along its axis, for example, Figure 5 and Figure 6 The images show the front and top views of a three-blade mechanism. When the three blades are combined, they are evenly distributed at 120° axial angles. When the four blades are combined, they are evenly distributed at 90° axial angles. The curvature of each blade's crown surface can be different, resulting in varying cutting forces for different formations, allowing for better adaptation to formations with different geological characteristics. The number of cutting elements on the blades can also vary. Taking a three-blade mechanism as an example, blade 1 has 10 cutting teeth per row on its two upper crown surfaces and 4 per row on its two lower crown surfaces; blade 2 has 9 and 10 cutting teeth per row on its two upper crown surfaces and 4 and 3 per row on its two lower crown surfaces; blade 3 has 9 and 9 cutting teeth per row on its two upper crown surfaces and 4 and 5 per row on its two lower crown surfaces. The positions of the cutting teeth in multiple combined blades can also be staggered, for example... Figure 5The three-blade mechanism has a total of six rows of cutting teeth. The teeth in each adjacent row can be staggered, allowing the blade mechanism to cut to different cutting positions. Areas not reached by one row can be cut multiple times by subsequent teeth, avoiding stress concentration in a single row, resulting in finer cuts, less residual material on the cutting surface, and a high-quality cut surface while reducing wear. Field tests showed that the single-tooth cutting amount of all cutting teeth was uniformly distributed, without any abnormal differences in single-tooth cutting amount, reducing the imbalance of the blades during eye-reaming operations. This demonstrates vibration reduction optimization through the tooth arrangement design. Each blade has a different tooth center radius and tooth center height, allowing each cutting tooth to generate different cutting areas and cutting forces to adapt to the complex characteristics of alternating soft and hard formations.

[0088] Unless otherwise specifically stated, terms such as processing, calculation, operation, determination, display, etc., may refer to the actions and / or processes of one or more processing or computing systems or similar devices that represent the manipulation and conversion of data representing physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the registers or memory of the processing system into other data similarly representing physical quantities within the memory, registers, or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices of the processing system. Information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0089] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the scope to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0090] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is presented with fewer features than all of the features in a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described above are generally described in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in alternative ways for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0092] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be directly embodied in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. The software modules can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is connected to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0093] For software implementation, the techniques described in this application can be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in this application. This software code can be stored in memory units and executed by a processor. The memory units can be implemented within the processor or outside the processor; in the latter case, they are communicatively coupled to the processor via various means, as is well known in the art.

[0094] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A reamer blade for drilling, characterized in that, include: The blade body and the cutting elements arranged on the blade body; The blade body includes two crown surfaces and inclined sliding groove tracks disposed on both sides of the two crown surfaces; The coronal surface includes an upper coronal surface, a lower coronal surface, and a retaining block. The coronal shape of the upper coronal surface and the coronal shape of the lower coronal surface are asymmetrical. The length of the upper coronal surface is greater than the length of the lower coronal surface, and the lengths of the upper coronal surface and the lower coronal surface are in a first ratio. The minimum curvature of the upper coronal surface is less than the maximum curvature of the lower coronal surface. The upper coronal surface and the lower coronal surface are connected by a retaining block. The upper and lower crown surfaces include arc surfaces with different curvatures; The cutting element includes at least two cutting teeth and at least two gauge-keeping teeth. The cutting teeth are arranged on the upper crown surface and the lower crown surface, and the gauge-keeping teeth are arranged on the gauge-keeping block. The cutting teeth and the diameter-maintaining teeth are staggered and arranged on the two crown surfaces.

2. The blade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper coronal surface is used for positive eye expansion, and the lower coronal surface is used for reverse eye expansion; The length of the diameter-maintaining block is less than that of the upper crown surface. The inclined slide rail is used to connect with the eye expander.

3. The blade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The curvature of the upper crown surface decreases in the direction away from the gauge block, while the curvature of the lower crown surface increases in the direction away from the gauge block.

4. The blade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting teeth include a base and a tooth tip, and the tooth tips of the cutting teeth, which are staggered on two crown surfaces, face the same direction. Each cutting tooth has the same diameter, but each cutting tooth has a different length, and the length of each cutting tooth is less than the width of the crown surface.

5. The blade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting teeth are designed with a back angle, and the back angle of the cutting teeth is 0° to 20°.

6. The blade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The center radius of the cutting teeth gradually increases from the first to the last, and the center height gradually decreases from the first to the last, with the cutting tooth closest to the diaphragm block being designated as the first cutting tooth.

7. The blade as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The tooth center radius is 88mm to 115mm, and the tooth center height is 1mm to 152mm.

8. The blade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter-preserving teeth include spherical teeth, semi-domed teeth, and impregnated teeth, which may or may not cut the formation surface.

9. The blade as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blade also includes a chip-carrying groove; The chip-carrying groove is located between the first crown surface and the second crown surface, and is used to carry the rock chips generated during the operation of the cutting teeth out smoothly.

10. A blade wing mechanism, characterized in that, include: Drilling reamer blades of any of claims 1-9 with different structures; The cutter blades of the drilling reamers with different structures are connected to the reamers via oblique grooves; When connected to the reamer, the cutter wings of the reamer with different structures are evenly distributed at the same height along the axial direction.

11. The blade mechanism as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The different structures are manifested in: Each blade has a different crown curvature; The number of cutting elements on each blade is different; The center radius of the cutting teeth on each blade is different; The center height of the cutting teeth on each blade is different.

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