Device for controlling starting oil quantity of mechanical oil injection pump

Abstract

The device for controlling the starting oil quantity of the mechanical oil injection pump comprises a valve body, the valve body is installed outside a speed regulator body and connected with the outside through an oil pipe connector threaded sleeve, a cushion block and a sliding valve are arranged in the valve body, a cavity is formed by the sliding valve and the interior of the valve body, and after engine oil is injected into the outside, pressure is increased; the starting device is characterized by further comprising a universal driving shaft, a first check ring, a first adjusting gasket, an inner spring, an outer spring, a universal driving shaft rocker arm, a second check ring, a universal driving shaft sliding sleeve, a universal driving shaft spring, a second adjusting gasket, a transmission rod, a toothed bar, a toothed bar connecting rod, a starting spring hanging lug and a starting spring. According to the method, the starting oil quantity is controlled while starting enrichment is controlled, smoke intensity control in the whole starting process of the diesel engine is achieved, and the problem of smoking during starting of the diesel engine is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diesel engine fuel injection pump assemblies, and more specifically to a device for controlling the starting fuel quantity of a mechanical fuel injection pump. Background Technology

[0002] Diesel engines are widely used in automobiles, construction machinery, agricultural machinery, and generator sets due to their high torque, high reliability, and good fuel economy. However, emissions from diesel engines, especially carbon emissions during cold starts, remain a challenging issue that continues to concern and require ongoing efforts to resolve. During a cold start, the cylinder temperature is low, resulting in poor fuel atomization, evaporation, and air-fuel mixture quality. Simultaneously, the low engine speed and weak intake swirl further exacerbate the mixture formation conditions.

[0003] To ensure reliable and rapid engine starting in low-temperature environments, existing control strategies typically employ a start-up enrichment method, which involves injecting an amount of fuel exceeding the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio required under normal operating conditions during the start-up phase. This excess fuel helps form a combustible mixture, and the combustion of some of the fuel raises the temperature inside the cylinder, thereby promoting the evaporation and combustion of subsequently injected fuel and ensuring a successful start.

[0004] This starting enrichment method has significant drawbacks: because the enrichment amount is fixed, and to ensure starting performance under the worst conditions, the uncontrolled enrichment amount is usually conservative (i.e., too high). In actual starting processes, especially when the ambient temperature is not extremely low, excessive fuel cannot mix fully with air and burn completely in a short time, producing a large amount of unburned or partially burned hydrocarbons and soot. This leads to a sharp increase in exhaust smoke, producing noticeable black smoke, polluting the environment and affecting the user experience. Under traditional strategies, to ensure starting reliability, higher starting smoke must be tolerated; however, reducing the enrichment amount excessively to reduce smoke may lead to starting difficulties, prolonged starting time, or even starting failure.

[0005] Therefore, to solve the above problems, a precise and adjustable device is needed to control the start-up enrichment process, which can suppress the occurrence of black smoke to the greatest extent while ensuring the reliability of cold start of diesel engines. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for controlling the amount of fuel injected during startup of a mechanical fuel injection pump that can precisely adjust the amount of fuel enriched during startup to control the amount of smoke, in order to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing diesel engine startup enrichment method.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A device for controlling the starting oil quantity of a mechanical fuel injection pump includes a valve body, which is installed outside a speed governor body and connected to the outside via an oil pipe connector sleeve. The valve body contains a gasket and a slide valve, which forms a cavity with the interior of the valve body. When engine oil is injected from the outside, the pressure increases, pushing the slide valve to move axially. The device is characterized by further comprising:

[0009] A linkage shaft is mounted on the slide valve, and the valve body and the slide valve are mounted on the linkage shaft;

[0010] A first retaining ring is installed on the linkage shaft, and the first retaining ring is in contact with the slide valve;

[0011] A first adjusting shim is installed on the linkage shaft, and the first adjusting shim is in contact with the inner wall of the speed regulator body;

[0012] An inner spring and an outer spring are fitted on the linkage shaft and located between the first adjusting shim and the slide valve;

[0013] A rocker arm rotatably connected to the linkage shaft moves with the linkage shaft. A pin is provided on the rocker arm. Two steps are provided at the lower part of the rocker arm, namely a first step and a second step, with a smooth transition between the first step and the second step. An adjustable mechanism is provided on the first step. The adjustable mechanism is a bolt and a nut. Different extension amounts are achieved through the cooperation between the bolt and the nut to control different starting oil amounts.

[0014] A second retaining ring is installed on the linkage shaft, the second retaining ring being located near the side of the linkage shaft rocker arm facing the first retaining ring;

[0015] A linkage shaft sliding sleeve is fitted onto the linkage shaft, and the linkage shaft rocker arm is located between the linkage shaft sliding sleeve and the second retaining ring;

[0016] A linkage shaft spring is fitted on the linkage shaft, and one end of the linkage shaft spring acts on the linkage shaft sleeve.

[0017] A second adjusting shim is installed on the linkage shaft, and the other end of the linkage shaft spring acts on the second adjusting shim; the second adjusting shim is in contact with the inner wall of the speed regulator body;

[0018] A drive rod installed in an external supercharger compensator has a slot on it, and a pin on the rocker arm of the linkage shaft is restrained within the slot of the drive rod.

[0019] A toothed rod, which is installed in the external fuel injection pump body and can only move axially;

[0020] A toothed bar connecting rod, the toothed bar connecting rod being connected to the toothed bar via a spring plate and a pull rod; a barb plane on the toothed bar connecting rod;

[0021] A starting spring lug that fits against the inner wall of the speed controller; the first adjusting shim, the starting spring lug, and the transmission rod remain relatively stationary during movement;

[0022] A starting spring, one end of which is connected to the starting spring lug and the other end of which is connected to the toothed connecting rod;

[0023] Under the tension of the starting spring, the rack is pulled to move in the direction of increasing oil volume. The hook plane on the connecting rod of the linkage shaft rocker arm and the rack is always tightly engaged with the bolt head of the linkage shaft rocker arm under the tension of the starting spring, remaining in a stepped position. This restricts the rack position, thereby controlling the starting oil volume and preventing excessive starting oil volume from causing excessive smoke during diesel engine start-up. When the diesel engine starts, the starting enrichment device activates, injecting engine oil into the valve body. Its pressure is greater than the combined pressure of the outer spring, inner spring, and linkage shaft spring. The force drives the linkage shaft to move axially, and the linkage shaft rocker arm follows the movement. The bolt head of the linkage shaft rocker arm moves relative to the barbed plane on the rack connecting rod. At this time, the barbed plane on the rack connecting rod is on the second step of the linkage shaft rocker arm. The whole process is from the first step controlling the start-up enrichment to the second step controlling the low speed of the turbocharger compensator. While controlling the start-up enrichment, the amount of start-up fuel is controlled, realizing the smoke control of the entire diesel engine start-up process and solving the problem of smoke during diesel engine start-up.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a swing arm is connected to the end of the rack connecting rod away from the rack via a pin, the swing arm rotates around the pin at a certain angle, and the other end of the starting spring is connected to the swing arm.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the diesel engine is not started, since the installation length of the starting spring is greater than its free length, the starting spring provides a pulling force. Under the action of the pulling force, the swing arm drags the other connecting parts, causing the rack to move in the direction of increasing oil volume.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] This invention provides a device for controlling smoke intensity during start-up enrichment, comprising a linkage shaft, a linkage shaft rocker arm, a valve body, and connecting parts. The lower part of the linkage shaft rocker arm has two steps. When the diesel engine is not started, this plane, under the tension of the starting spring, remains tightly fitted with the bolt head of the linkage shaft rocker arm, remaining in the first step position. This restricts the position of the rack, preventing excessive starting fuel volume that would lead to high smoke intensity during diesel engine start-up. Furthermore, the rack position can be adjusted by adjusting the bolt position to accommodate different starting fuel volumes for different diesel engines. During diesel engine start-up, the valve body is filled with... When engine oil is introduced (or controlled by an on / off switch when using a solenoid valve), it drives the linkage shaft to move axially. The linkage shaft rocker arm follows suit, and the bolt head of the linkage shaft rocker arm moves relative to the barbed plane on the rack connecting rod. At this time, the barbed plane on the rack connecting rod is on the second-stage step of the linkage shaft rocker arm. The entire process involves controlling the starting enrichment from the first-stage step to controlling the low speed via the turbocharger compensator at the second-stage step. While controlling the starting enrichment, the amount of starting oil is also controlled, achieving smoke control throughout the diesel engine starting process. In summary, this approach minimizes smoke during the entire starting process while ensuring the reliability of cold starts. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device for controlling the starting oil volume of the mechanical fuel injection pump according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram and a partial enlarged view of the left side of the device for controlling the starting oil volume of the mechanical fuel injection pump according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage shaft rocker arm of the device for controlling the starting oil volume of the mechanical fuel injection pump according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the state of the rack connecting rod and the rocker arm of the linkage shaft when the diesel engine is not started and when the device for controlling the starting fuel quantity of the mechanical fuel injection pump of the present invention is being used.

[0032] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the state of the rack connecting rod and the rocker arm of the linkage shaft when the diesel engine is not started and when the device for controlling the starting fuel quantity of the mechanical fuel injection pump of the present invention is not started. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0034] Figure 1The diagram shows the structure of the present invention, including: 1. Oil pipe joint screw sleeve; 2. Valve body; 3. Gasket; 4. Slide valve; 5. Retaining ring I; 6. Outer spring; 7. Inner spring; 8. Adjusting shim I; 9. Linkage shaft; 10. Linkage shaft rocker arm; 11. Pin; 12. Transmission rod; 13. Swing arm; 14. Gear connecting rod; 15. Starting spring; 16. Spring plate; 17. Starting spring lug; 18. Pull rod connecting bracket; 19. Linkage shaft spring; 20. Adjusting shim II; 21. Gear; 22. Linkage shaft sliding sleeve; 23. Retaining ring II. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram and a partial enlarged view of the left side of the device for controlling the starting oil volume of the mechanical fuel injection pump according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage shaft rocker arm of the device for controlling the starting oil volume of the mechanical fuel injection pump according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the state of the rack connecting rod and the rocker arm of the linkage shaft when the diesel engine is not started and when the device for controlling the starting fuel quantity of the mechanical fuel injection pump of the present invention is being used. Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the state of the rack connecting rod and the rocker arm of the linkage shaft when the diesel engine is not started and when the device for controlling the starting fuel quantity of the mechanical fuel injection pump of the present invention is not started.

[0035] according to Figure 1 The structure of the present invention will be described below. Adjusting shim I 8, adjusting shim II 20 and starting spring lug 17 are attached to the inner wall of the speed governor body (not shown in the figure). Valve body 2 is installed outside the speed governor body (not shown in the figure). Transmission rod 12 is installed in the external pressure compensator (not shown in the figure). Adjusting shim I 8, adjusting shim II 20, starting spring lug 17 and transmission rod 12 remain relatively stationary during movement.

[0036] The linkage shaft rocker arm 10 is installed between the linkage shaft sliding sleeve 22 and the retaining ring II 23. The retaining ring II 23 is stuck in a positioning groove of the linkage shaft 9. Therefore, the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 will move with the linkage shaft 9. The pin 11 on the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 is restricted in the slot 12a of the transmission rod 12. The rack 21 is installed in the external fuel injection pump body (not shown in the figure) and can only move axially.

[0037] Figure 1The diagram shows the state when the diesel engine is not started. Under the tension of the starting spring 15, the traction rack 21 moves in the direction of increasing oil volume. The hook plane 14a on the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 and the rack connecting rod 14 is always tightly engaged with the bolt 24 head of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 under the tension of the starting spring 15, and is in the first step 14b position, which can limit the position of the rack 21, thereby controlling the starting oil volume and avoiding excessive starting oil volume that would cause excessive smoke when the diesel engine starts. When the diesel engine starts, the starting enrichment device takes effect, and engine oil is injected into the valve body 2 (when a solenoid valve structure is used, it is controlled by on / off power). Its pressure is greater than that of the outer spring 6 and the inner spring 6. The combined force of spring 7 and linkage shaft spring 19 drives linkage shaft 9 to move axially, and linkage shaft rocker arm 10 follows the movement. The head of bolt 24 of linkage shaft rocker arm 10 moves relative to the barbed plane 14a on the rack connecting rod 14. At this time, the barbed plane 14a on the rack connecting rod 14 is on the second step of linkage shaft rocker arm 10. The whole process is from the first step 14b controlling the start-up enrichment to the second step 14c controlling the turbocharger for low speed. While controlling the start-up enrichment, the amount of start-up fuel is controlled, realizing the smoke control of the entire diesel engine start-up process and solving the problem of smoke during diesel engine start-up.

[0038] In this embodiment, there is a smoke intensity control device for starting and increasing smoke concentration, including a linkage shaft 9, a linkage shaft rocker arm 10, a valve body 2 and a connector. The linkage shaft rocker arm 10 is provided with a circular groove and is rotatably connected to the linkage shaft 9. The valve body 2 is mounted on the linkage shaft.

[0039] In this embodiment, the linkage shaft 9 is provided with two positioning grooves, and the retaining ring I5 and retaining ring II23 are respectively stuck in the positioning grooves.

[0040] In this embodiment, the upper part of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 is provided with a hole for connection with a pin 11. The pin 11 is restricted in the slot 12a of the transmission rod 12. The lower part of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 is provided with two steps, namely a first step 14b and a second step 14c. Figure 3 As shown, there is a smooth transition between the first step 14b and the second step 14c. The first step 14b is equipped with an adjustable mechanism, with bolts 24 and nuts 25 installed. The head of bolt 24 is a smooth ball to reduce friction during axial movement. Different extension amounts can be achieved through the cooperation between bolt 24 and nut 25 to control different starting oil amounts.

[0041] In this embodiment, the valve body 2 contains a pad 3 and a slide valve 4. The valve body 2 is connected to the outside through an oil pipe connector sleeve 1. The slide valve 4 and the inside of the valve body 2 form a cavity. After the external oil is injected, the pressure increases, which pushes the slide valve 4 to move axially. The linkage shaft 9, which is fitted inside the slide valve 2, also moves axially. If a solenoid valve device is used, the purpose of pushing the linkage shaft 9 to move axially can also be achieved. In this case, power on / off control is used.

[0042] In this embodiment, the connecting components include a swing arm 13, a rack connecting rod 14, a spring plate 16, a starting spring lug 17, and a pull rod connecting bracket 18. The starting spring lug 17 is fixed to the external speed controller body. The starting spring lug 17 and the swing arm 13 are provided with spring hanging holes. The starting spring lug 17 and the spring hanging holes on the swing arm 13 are connected by a starting spring 15. The swing arm 13 and the rack connecting rod 14 are connected by a pin 26, allowing rotation around the pin 26 at a certain angle. The spring plate 16 is connected to the pull rod via pins 27 and 28. The bracket 18 and the rack connecting rod 14 allow the connecting parts to still have a certain degree of freedom during mutual movement, preventing jamming. The tie rod connecting bracket 18 and rack 21 are fixed together by two screws 29. The rack 21 is fixed in an external circular cavity and can only move axially. When the diesel engine is not started, since the installation length of the starting spring 15 is greater than its length in the free state, the starting spring 15 provides a pulling force. Under the action of the pulling force, the swing arm 13 drags the other connecting parts, causing the rack 21 to move in the direction of increasing oil volume.

[0043] In this embodiment, the rack connecting rod 14 is provided with a barbed surface 14a. When the diesel engine is not started, the barbed surface 14a is always tightly fitted with the head of the bolt 24 of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 under the tension of the starting spring 15. The side view is as follows. Figure 2 As shown, the front is as follows Figure 4 As shown; when the diesel engine starts, engine oil is injected into the valve body 2 (or controlled by on / off power when using a solenoid valve structure), which pushes the linkage shaft 9 to move axially. The linkage shaft rocker arm 10 follows the movement, and the bolt head of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 moves relative to the barbed plane 14a on the rack connecting rod 14. The front view is as shown. Figure 5 As shown.

[0044] In this embodiment, the system includes a linkage shaft 9, a linkage shaft rocker arm 10, a valve body 2, and connecting parts. The lower part of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 is provided with two steps, namely a first step 14b and a second step 14c. When the diesel engine is not started, the barb plane 14a on the rack connecting rod 14 is always tightly fitted with the head of the bolt 24 of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 under the tension of the starting spring 15, and is located at the first step 14b position. This can limit the position of the rack 21, thereby controlling the maximum starting oil volume and avoiding excessive starting oil volume that would cause excessive smoke when the diesel engine starts. Furthermore, the position of the rack 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the bolt 24 to adapt to different starting oil volumes of diesel engines. When the diesel engine starts, engine oil is injected into valve body 2 (or controlled by on / off power when using a solenoid valve structure), pushing the linkage shaft 9 to move axially. The linkage shaft rocker arm 10 follows suit, and the head of bolt 24 on the linkage shaft rocker arm 10 moves relative to the barbed plane 14a on the rack connecting rod 14. At this time, the barbed plane 14a on the rack connecting rod 14 is on the second-stage step 14c of the linkage shaft rocker arm 10. The entire process involves controlling the starting enrichment from the first-stage step 14b to the low-speed control of the turbocharger compensator at the second-stage step 14c. While controlling the starting enrichment, the amount of starting oil is also controlled, thus achieving smoke control throughout the entire diesel engine starting process. In summary, this approach can minimize smoke during the entire starting process while ensuring the reliability of cold starting of the diesel engine.

Claims

1. A device for controlling the starting oil quantity of a mechanical fuel injection pump, comprising a valve body, the valve body being installed outside a speed governor body and connected to the outside via an oil pipe connector threaded sleeve, the valve body containing a pad and a slide valve, the slide valve forming a cavity with the interior of the valve body, wherein after external injection of engine oil, the pressure increases, pushing the slide valve to move axially, characterized in that: Also includes: A linkage shaft is mounted on the slide valve, and the valve body and the slide valve are mounted on the linkage shaft; A first retaining ring is installed on the linkage shaft, and the first retaining ring is in contact with the slide valve; A first adjusting shim is installed on the linkage shaft, and the first adjusting shim is in contact with the inner wall of the speed regulator body; An inner spring and an outer spring are fitted on the linkage shaft and located between the first adjusting shim and the slide valve; A rocker arm rotatably connected to the linkage shaft moves with the linkage shaft. A pin is provided on the rocker arm. Two steps are provided at the lower part of the rocker arm, namely a first step and a second step, with a smooth transition between the first step and the second step. An adjustable mechanism is provided on the first step. The adjustable mechanism is a bolt and a nut. Different extension amounts are achieved through the cooperation between the bolt and the nut to control different starting oil amounts. A second retaining ring is installed on the linkage shaft, the second retaining ring being located near the side of the linkage shaft rocker arm facing the first retaining ring; A linkage shaft sliding sleeve is fitted onto the linkage shaft, and the linkage shaft rocker arm is located between the linkage shaft sliding sleeve and the second retaining ring; A linkage shaft spring is fitted on the linkage shaft, and one end of the linkage shaft spring acts on the linkage shaft sleeve. A second adjusting shim is installed on the linkage shaft, and the other end of the linkage shaft spring acts on the second adjusting shim; the second adjusting shim is in contact with the inner wall of the speed regulator body; A drive rod installed in an external supercharger compensator has a slot on it, and a pin on the rocker arm of the linkage shaft is restrained within the slot of the drive rod. A toothed rod, which is installed in the external fuel injection pump body and can only move axially; A toothed bar connecting rod, the toothed bar connecting rod being connected to the toothed bar via a spring plate and a pull rod; a barb plane on the toothed bar connecting rod; A starting spring lug that fits against the inner wall of the speed controller; the first adjusting shim, the starting spring lug, and the transmission rod remain relatively stationary during movement; A starting spring, one end of which is connected to the starting spring lug and the other end of which is connected to the toothed connecting rod; Under the tension of the starting spring, the rack is pulled to move in the direction of increasing oil volume. The hook plane on the connecting rod of the linkage shaft rocker arm and the rack is always tightly engaged with the bolt head of the linkage shaft rocker arm under the tension of the starting spring, remaining in a stepped position. This restricts the rack position, thereby controlling the starting oil volume and preventing excessive starting oil volume from causing excessive smoke during diesel engine start-up. When the diesel engine starts, the starting enrichment device activates, injecting engine oil into the valve body. Its pressure is greater than the combined pressure of the outer spring, inner spring, and linkage shaft spring. The force drives the linkage shaft to move axially, and the linkage shaft rocker arm follows the movement. The bolt head of the linkage shaft rocker arm moves relative to the barbed plane on the rack connecting rod. At this time, the barbed plane on the rack connecting rod is on the second step of the linkage shaft rocker arm. The whole process is from the first step controlling the start-up enrichment to the second step controlling the low speed of the turbocharger compensator. While controlling the start-up enrichment, the amount of start-up fuel is controlled, realizing the smoke control of the entire diesel engine start-up process and solving the problem of smoke during diesel engine start-up.

2. The device for controlling the starting oil quantity of a mechanical fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, A swing arm is connected to the end of the rack connecting rod away from the rack via a pin. The swing arm rotates around the pin at a certain angle. The other end of the starting spring is connected to the swing arm.

3. The device for controlling the starting oil quantity of a mechanical fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the diesel engine is not started, the installation length of the starting spring is greater than its free length. Therefore, the starting spring provides a pulling force. Under the action of the pulling force, the swing arm drags the other connecting parts, causing the rack to move in the direction of increasing oil volume.

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