Flame path for aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode roasting furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a flame path for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode roasting furnace, and relates to the technical field of roasting furnace flame paths, the flame path comprises a flame path box and five flame path walls arranged in the flame path box, and a plurality of channels are defined by the flame path walls, the inner wall of the flame path box and the adjacent flame path walls; the inlet end and the outlet end of each channel are both arranged to be necking parts, the middle of each channel is arranged to be a broadening part, and the length and the width of the broadening part are both larger than those of the necking parts. According to the invention, a variable cross-section structure with two necking ends, a widened middle part and gradually increased width along a circulation path is adopted, and when flue gas circulates, the necking parts form a throttling effect, so that the flue gas flow speed is increased, the on-way flow loss of the flue gas is made up, and the flow speed of a tail section channel is prevented from being too low; the middle widening part provides sufficient heat exchange space, and sufficient heat exchange between flue gas and carbon blocks is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of furnace flue technology, specifically a flue for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode calcination furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional charcoal roasting flues are straight cylindrical structures with a constant cross-section. The inner diameter of the flue remains consistent along the direction of flue gas flow, and the width of the flue does not change throughout its length. When the flue gas flows in an S-shape within the flue, the inherent defects in airflow characteristics and heat transfer can easily lead to poor uniformity in the roasting of the charcoal, resulting in problems such as under-roasting and over-roasting in certain areas. The core defects are reflected in the following two aspects: 1. Flue gas velocity decreases along the flow path, temperature drops sharply, and heat transfer efficiency gradient becomes unbalanced: When the flue gas enters the first section of the fire channel, its initial flow velocity is high and it carries high temperature, which allows it to quickly exchange heat with the charcoal blocks. However, during the S-shaped flow, the flue gas needs to continuously overcome the frictional resistance of the channel wall, and at the up and down bends, the flow loss occurs due to the channel turning, and the flow velocity gradually decreases along the way. When it flows through the last section of the fire channel, the flow velocity is only 1 / 4 of the initial flow velocity. At the same time, the flue gas releases some heat after completing the heat exchange in each section of the fire channel, and the temperature continues to decrease as it flows. When it flows through the last section of the fire channel, the temperature is lower than the initial temperature, and the heat output capacity decreases significantly. Ultimately, this results in the charcoal blocks heating up at a faster rate in the first section of the fire channel and at a slower rate in the second section, resulting in a significant difference in the baking progress.

[0003] 2. Airflow vortices are easily formed at bends in the flue, resulting in uneven local heat distribution: When the flue gas flows at the bends at the top and bottom of the flue, the straight cylindrical structure with a constant cross-section lacks a dedicated airflow guidance design, making it impossible to effectively constrain and guide the turning airflow. This easily leads to the formation of stagnant vortices in the bend area, causing some flue gas to swirl around and unable to continue flowing forward. This results in localized heat accumulation at the bend, creating a significant temperature difference between the upper and lower sections of the flue. Consequently, the charcoal blocks in the corresponding areas experience uneven heating, resulting in some areas being undercooked and others being overcooked.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs a fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode calcination furnace to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace, comprising a fire channel box and five fire channel walls disposed inside the fire channel box, wherein the fire channel walls, the inner wall of the fire channel box, and adjacent fire channel walls enclose and form multiple channels. The inlet and outlet ends of each channel are provided as constricted sections, and the middle part of each channel is provided as a widening section, the length and width of which are greater than those of the constricted sections. Along the flue gas flow path, the width of the constricted and widened portions of each of the aforementioned channels shows an increasing trend; A transition section is provided at the junction of adjacent channels, and the radius of curvature of the transition section in each channel increases sequentially along the flue gas flow path.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, each of the channels is provided with a flow guiding component, the flow guiding component including a flow blocking unit and a driving component located on both sides of the channel, and the two flow blocking units are arranged symmetrically about the channel; The flow-blocking unit includes several vertically distributed flow-blocking plates that are rotatably assembled on the inner wall of the widening section; When the flue box is in the heating stage, the drive assembly is used to keep the baffle plate in a state that is close to perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, when the firebox is in the constant temperature stage, the driving component is used to keep the baffle plate in a vertical state.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, when the firebox is in the cooling stage, the driving component is used to drive the baffles on the same side to rotate in the same direction, and the rotation angle of each baffle from top to bottom shows a decreasing or increasing trend; the baffles on the other side rotate in the opposite direction to the baffles on the same side, and the angle shows a decreasing or increasing trend.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the baffle is arc-shaped.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a linear driving unit and a transmission unit. The linear driving unit includes a lever fixedly connected to each baffle plate in the channel. Each lever has a corresponding driving block below it. Each driving block is mounted on a driving frame. The driving frame is slidably engaged with the side wall of the firebox. Each lever has a torsion spring sleeved on its rotating shaft. A lead screw is threaded onto the driving frame. The transmission unit is used to drive the baffle to rotate at a corresponding angle during the cooling phase.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission unit includes a pressure rod corresponding to each lever. The pressure rod is located on the side of the lever closer to the flue gas flow direction, and each pressure rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the firebox. A torsion spring is sleeved on the rotation shaft of each pressure rod. A top rod is fixedly connected to the pressure rod. The top rod and the pressure rod are arranged at an inclination, and a preset gap is left between the top of the top rod and the bottom of the lever. In both of the aforementioned flow-blocking units, the gap between the top of the push rod corresponding to one flow-blocking plate and the bottom of the lever gradually increases from top to bottom; the gap between the top of the push rod corresponding to the other flow-blocking plate and the bottom of the lever gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the drive block and the drive frame are both elastically slidably connected, and a limiting block is provided on one side of each lever in the rotation direction. The limiting block is slidably engaged with the side wall of the firebox, and a screw is threaded through the limiting block. The screw is rotatably connected to the side wall of the firebox.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention employs a variable cross-section structure with "narrowing at both ends and widening in the middle" and increasing width along the flow path. When flue gas flows: the narrowing part creates a throttling effect, increasing the flue gas velocity, compensating for flow losses along the flue gas path, and preventing the flow velocity in the tail section from being too low; the widening part in the middle provides sufficient heat exchange space to ensure sufficient heat exchange between the flue gas and the carbon blocks; the narrow design of the front channel controls the flow velocity of the high-temperature flue gas and prevents rapid heat loss; the wide design of the rear channel reduces airflow resistance and extends heat exchange time, offsetting the insufficient heat output caused by temperature drop, ultimately delaying the decay of flue gas flow velocity and the sudden drop in temperature, and achieving uniform heat transfer. 2. On the one hand, the connection between adjacent channels adopts an arc-shaped transition section without right-angle turns, and the radius of curvature increases sequentially with the channel, which is adapted to the flue gas conditions and guides the flue gas to smoothly turn along the curved surface, avoiding the airflow from hitting the wall and rebounding to form vortices, thus structurally eliminating the space for "gas trapping". On the other hand, the narrow design of the constriction section corresponding to the bend of the channel appropriately increases the flue gas velocity at the bend, breaking the velocity conditions for the formation of vortices. At the same time, the width gradient of the constriction section of the front and rear channels ensures smooth connection of the airflow at the bend without sudden changes in velocity, avoiding the accumulation of flue gas at the bend. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the channel of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the baffle plate during the heating stage of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the drive frame and the fire channel wall of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the baffle plate and the lever, as well as the drive block and the pressure rod, according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention as it transitions from the constant temperature stage to the heating stage. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the driving block pressing down the pressure rod according to the present invention (where small figure a and small figure b are schematic diagrams of the driving block before and after pressing down the pressure rod, respectively). Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the different spacings between the baffles on both sides and the lever of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the progressive rotation of the baffles on both sides of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the drive frame and the drive block of the present invention.

[0016] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Fire channel box; 2. Fire channel wall; 3. Passageway; 301. Narrowing section; 302. Widening section; 303. Transition section; 4. Baffle plate; 5. Lever; 6. Drive block; 7. Drive frame; 701. Spring; 8. Torsion spring one; 9. Lead screw; 10. Pressure rod; 11. Torsion spring two; 12. Top rod; 13. Limiting block; 14. Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Please see Figures 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace, comprising a fire channel box 1, a fire channel wall 2, a channel 3, and a flow guiding component; The firebox 1 has a rectangular cavity structure, and five parallel firebox walls 2 are fixedly installed inside it. The firebox walls 2 are set perpendicular to the upper and lower end faces of the firebox 1, and the two side edges of the firebox walls 2 are attached to the inner side wall of the firebox 1. The adjacent firebox walls 2 and the firebox walls 2 and the inner wall of the firebox 1 enclose and form six independent channels 3. The six channels 3 are arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow path, forming the main channel body of the flue gas S-shaped flow. The flue gas in the odd-numbered channels 3 flows from top to bottom, and the flue gas in the even-numbered channels 3 flows from bottom to top.

[0018] Each channel 3 adopts a variable cross-section structure with narrow ends and widening in the middle. The narrow ends 301 at the inlet and outlet are tapered transition structures, and the widening section 302 in the middle is a rectangular structure. The length and width of the widening section 302 are greater than those of the narrow ends 301, ensuring that the flue gas has sufficient heat exchange space in the middle of the channel 3.

[0019] Along the flow path of flue gas from the first channel 3 to the last channel 3, the width of the constriction 301 and the widening 302 of each channel 3 increases uniformly, with the increase controlled at 5%-8% for each channel to accommodate the temperature decay of the flue gas along the path; an arc-shaped transition section 303 is opened at the junction of adjacent channels 3, and the radius of curvature of the transition section 303 is 0.3-0.5 times the width of the channel 3 to avoid the formation of dead corners where airflow stagnates.

[0020] like Figures 1-3 As shown, along the flue gas flow path, the widths of the constricted portion 301 are identified by Ba1, Ba2, Ba3, Ba4, Ba5, and Ba6, respectively, where Ba1 < Ba2 < Ba3 < Ba4 < Ba5 < Ba6. The widths of the widened portion 302 are identified by Bb1, Bb2, Bb3, Bb4, Bb5, and Bb6, respectively, where Bb1 < Bb2 < Bb3 < Bb4 < Bb5 < Bb6.

[0021] To address the issue of temperature differences in the front and rear sections of charcoal blocks caused by the decrease in flue gas velocity and sudden temperature drop along the flow path in traditional straight-cylinder flues, a variable cross-section structure with "narrowing at both ends and widening in the middle" and increasing width along the flow path is adopted. During flue gas flow: the narrowing section 301 acts as a throttling mechanism, increasing the flue gas velocity and compensating for flow losses along the flow path, thus preventing the flow velocity in the tail section channel 3 from being too low; the widening section 302 in the middle provides sufficient heat exchange space, ensuring sufficient heat exchange between the flue gas and the charcoal blocks; the narrow design of the front channel 3 controls the high-temperature flue gas velocity, preventing rapid heat loss; and the wide design of the rear channel 3 reduces airflow resistance and extends heat exchange time, offsetting the insufficient heat output caused by the temperature drop, ultimately delaying the decrease in flue gas velocity and sudden temperature drop along the flow path, and achieving uniform heat transfer.

[0022] Regarding the problem of uneven local thermal field caused by the lack of guiding design at the bend and the easy formation of vortices: on the one hand, the connection between adjacent channels 3 adopts an arc-shaped transition part 303, without right-angle turns, and the radius of curvature increases with channel 3, which is adapted to the flue gas conditions, guides the flue gas to turn smoothly along the curved surface, avoids the airflow hitting the wall and rebounding to form vortices, and eliminates the "gas trapping" space from the structure. On the other hand, the narrow design of the constriction section 301 corresponding to the bend in the channel 3 appropriately increases the flue gas velocity at the bend, breaking the velocity conditions for the formation of vortices; at the same time, the width gradient of the constriction section 301 in the front and rear channels ensures smooth connection of the airflow at the bend without sudden changes in velocity, thus avoiding the accumulation of flue gas at the bend.

[0023] Each channel 3 is equipped with a flow guiding component, which includes a flow-blocking unit and a drive component located on both sides of the channel 3. The two flow-blocking units are arranged symmetrically about the channel 3. The flow-blocking unit includes several vertically distributed flow-blocking plates 4 that are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the widening section 302. The flow-blocking plates 4 are only installed in the middle of the widening section 302 of the channel 3. There are no obstruction structures at the bends and the narrowing section 301, ensuring that the airflow at the bends is not obstructed by any additional means.

[0024] The drive component can precisely control the angle of the baffle plate 4 according to the firing stage of the firebox 1. The control targets for each stage are: During the heating phase: the drive assembly keeps the baffle 4 in a state that is close to perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction; During the constant temperature stage: the drive component keeps the baffle 4 in a vertical position; Cooling stage: The drive component drives the baffles 4 on the same side to rotate in the same direction, and the rotation angle of each baffle 4 from top to bottom shows a decreasing or increasing trend; the baffles 4 on the other side rotate in the opposite direction to the baffles 4 on the same side, and the angle shows a decreasing or increasing trend.

[0025] The working principle of the flow guiding component in each firing stage is as follows: Heating phase (rapidly increasing the temperature of the charcoal block): like Figures 2-3 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the baffle plate 4 vertically attached to the wall during the constant temperature stage. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the baffle plate 4 during the heating stage. During the heating stage, the driving component causes the baffle plate 4 to rotate to a position close to perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction, forming an angle R with the side wall of the channel 3 (R is 70-80°). The baffle plates 4 on both sides converge towards the center of the channel 3 with a gap in the middle.

[0026] When the flue gas flows from top to bottom in odd-numbered channels 3 and from bottom to top in even-numbered channels 3, the baffles 4 on both sides simultaneously compress the flue gas, avoiding unilateral flow around it. This creates a narrow flue gas flow space to accelerate the airflow, and the curved surface guides the flue gas to diffuse evenly. Specifically: Uniform diffusion: When the flue gas comes into contact with the arc-shaped baffle 4, the convex surface faces the center of the channel 3, gently guiding the airflow and diffusing it to the left, right and up and down areas of the channel 3, avoiding the flue gas from concentrating in the middle of the channel 3, and ensuring that the entire cross section of the fire channel is covered; Airflow acceleration: The narrow gap between the two baffles 4 accelerates the flue gas at this point. The accelerated flue gas drives the surrounding diffused flue gas to flow synchronously, achieving a combination of "full cross-section diffusion" and "intermediate acceleration".

[0027] Through the aforementioned uniform diffusion and airflow acceleration effects, it is ensured that all charcoal blocks in all areas can come into contact with high-temperature flue gas. Furthermore, by accelerating and enhancing thermal convection efficiency, the heating rate of the front and rear sections of channel 3 is balanced, solving the problem of local lack of heat or local overheating in traditional fire channels. At the same time, the arc-shaped structure and airflow guiding effect of the baffle plate 4 extend to the edge of the turning area, driving airflow circulation at the turning point, further suppressing vortex formation, and making the heat field distribution at the turning point uniform, solving the problem of local under-baking or over-baking of charcoal blocks.

[0028] Constant temperature stage (uniformly baking charcoal blocks): During the constant temperature stage, the flue gas velocity needs to be slowed down, and the drive component drives the baffle plate 4 to... Figure 3 Rotate to Figure 2 As shown, the baffle plate 4 is vertically attached to the wall. At this time, the flue gas flow rate is stable, allowing sufficient time for heat exchange between the flue gas and the charcoal blocks, ensuring that the charcoal blocks are baked evenly and avoiding uneven local baking.

[0029] Cooling phase (maximizing the use of residual heat and achieving uniform cooling): like Figure 10 As shown in the figure (only 3 baffles 4 are shown), the left and right baffles 4 are represented by ra and rb respectively. During the cooling stage, the driving component drives the baffles 4 on both sides to rotate at different angles: the left baffle 4 rotates from top to bottom at angles of ra1 (e.g., 30°), ra2 (e.g., 35°), and ra3 (e.g., 40°), where ra1 < ra2 < ra3; the right baffle 4 rotates from top to bottom at angles of rb1 (e.g., 40°), rb2 (e.g., 35°), and rb3 (e.g., 30°), where rb1 > rb2 > rb3. This achieves the same-side baffles 4 rotating in the same direction with gradient angles, while the baffles 4 on both sides rotate in opposite directions.

[0030] The progressive angle design of the baffle plate 4 creates an orderly turbulence, constructing a dynamic flow channel that is "wider on the upper left and narrower on the right, balanced in the middle, and narrower on the lower left and wider on the right." When the flue gas flows, it needs to constantly adapt to the changes in the width of the flow channel and is forced to meander. At the same time, the design of the left side being deflected to the right and the right side being deflected to the left creates a unified flow guiding trend. The angles of the left and right baffle plates 4 are precisely opposite to each other, which cancels the velocity deviation of the gradient on one side, so that the airflow forms a left-right reciprocating trajectory and evenly covers the entire cross section of the fire channel.

[0031] By extending the contact time between the low-temperature flue gas and the carbon block through orderly turbulence, the residual heat is maximized, the difference in cooling rate between the front and rear sections of the carbon block is avoided, and the heat transfer efficiency is balanced throughout the process. At the same time, the unobstructed bends and constriction 301 ensure smooth airflow at the bends, and the guiding effect of the baffle 4 further suppresses the formation of eddies, keeping the thermal field at the bends uniform and solving the problem of localized excessively fast / slow cooling of the carbon block.

[0032] The drive assembly includes a linear drive unit and a transmission unit. The linear drive unit includes a lever 5 fixedly connected to each baffle 4 in the channel 3. Each lever 5 has a corresponding drive block 6 below it. Each drive block 6 is mounted on a drive frame 7. The drive frame 7 is slidably engaged with the side wall of the firebox 1. Each lever 5 has a torsion spring 8 sleeved on its rotating shaft. A lead screw 9 is threadedly connected to the drive frame 7.

[0033] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the torque of the torsion spring 8 keeps the baffle plate 4 in a vertical state initially. During the heating stage, the external motor drives the drive frame 7 to slide along the side wall of the flue box 1 (odd-numbered channels 3 slide upwards, and even-numbered channels 3 slide downwards). The drive frame 7 drives the drive block 6 to rise from point S1 (constant temperature stage) to point S2 (heating stage), lifting the lever 5 to a state that is close to perpendicular to the flue gas flow path, and compressing the torsion spring 8. The switching between points S1 and S2 realizes the conversion between the constant temperature and heating stages.

[0034] The transmission unit includes a pressure rod 10 corresponding to each lever 5. The pressure rod 10 is located on the side of the lever 5 near the flue gas flow direction, and each pressure rod 10 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fire box 1. A torsion spring 11 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of each pressure rod 10. A top rod 12 is fixedly connected to the pressure rod 10. The top rod 12 and the pressure rod 10 are arranged at an inclination, and a preset gap is left between the top of the top rod 12 and the bottom of the lever 5. In the two flow-blocking units, the gap between the top of the push rod 12 corresponding to the flow-blocking plate 4 on one side and the bottom of the lever 5 gradually increases from top to bottom; the gap between the top of the push rod 12 corresponding to the flow-blocking plate 4 on the other side and the bottom of the lever 5 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0035] like Figures 7-9 As shown, when transitioning from the constant temperature stage (point S1) to the cooling stage (point S3), the distance between the bottom of the lever 5 corresponding to the left baffle 4 and the top rod 12 decreases from top to bottom (La1>La2>La3), while the distance between the bottom of the lever 5 corresponding to the right baffle 4 and the top rod 12 increases from top to bottom (Lb1<Lb2<Lb3). When the drive block 6 moves from point S1 to point S3, it presses down on the pressure rod 10 and forces the torsion spring 11 to compress. The pressure rod 10 rotates around the rotation axis and drives the top rod 12 to move towards the bottom of the lever 5.

[0036] Since the descent distance of the drive block 6 is fixed and the overall rotation angle of the pressure rod 10 is fixed, the push rod 12 needs to move a preset gap distance L before contacting the lever 5. The larger L is, the more kinetic energy is lost in the rotation of the pressure rod 10, and the smaller the angle of rotation of the baffle plate 4 driven by the lever 5 is, and vice versa. Finally, La1, La2, and La3 correspond to the gradient angles ra1, ra2, and ra3 of the left baffle plate 4, and Lb1, Lb2, and Lb3 correspond to the gradient angles rb1, rb2, and rb3 of the right baffle plate 4, so as to realize the gradient increasing / decreasing rotation of the baffle plate 4.

[0037] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the drive block 6 and the drive frame 7 are both elastically slidably connected. Each lever 5 is provided with a limiting block 13 on one side of the rotation direction. The limiting block 13 is slidably engaged with the side wall of the fire box 1. A screw 14 is threaded through the limiting block 13 and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fire box 1.

[0038] like Figures 4-6 as well as Figure 11 As shown: A spring 701 is fixed between the drive block 6 and the drive frame 7. The spring constant of the spring 701 is greater than that of the torsion spring 8. When the drive frame 7 drives the drive block 6 to move to point S2, the lever 5 contacts the protruding end of the limit block 13 and blocks the lever 5 from continuing to rotate. It also forces the spring 701 to be compressed, thereby enabling the baffle plate 4 to rotate to a fixed angle (such as 70 degrees). If it is necessary to adjust the rotation angle of the baffle plate 4 (such as 75 or 80 degrees), the screw 14 is rotated to make the limit block 13 slide up along the side wall of the fire box 1. Then the maximum rising angle of the lever 5 will increase, and vice versa.

Claims

1. A flue for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace, comprising a flue box (1) and five flue walls (2) disposed inside the flue box (1), wherein the flue walls (2) enclose multiple channels (3) with the inner wall of the flue box (1) and adjacent flue walls (2), characterized in that: The inlet and outlet ends of each channel (3) are provided with a constriction section (301), and the middle part of each channel (3) is provided with a widening section (302). The length and width of the widening section (302) are both greater than those of the constriction section (301). Along the flue gas flow path, the width of the constricted portion (301) and the widened portion (302) of each of the channels (3) shows an increasing trend; A transition section (303) is provided at the junction of adjacent channels (3). Along the flue gas flow path, the radius of curvature of the transition section (303) in each channel (3) increases sequentially.

2. The fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the channels (3) is provided with a flow guiding component. The flow guiding component includes a flow blocking unit and a drive component located on both sides of the channel (3). The two flow blocking units are arranged symmetrically about the channel (3). The flow-blocking unit includes several vertically distributed flow-blocking plates (4) that are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the widening part (302). When the flue box (1) is in the heating stage, the drive assembly is used to keep the baffle (4) in a state that is close to perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction.

3. The fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode calcination furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the firebox (1) is in the constant temperature stage, the drive assembly is used to keep the baffle (4) in a vertical state.

4. The fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode calcination furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the fire box (1) is in the cooling stage, the drive assembly is used to drive the baffles (4) on the same side to rotate in the same direction, and the rotation angle of each baffle (4) from top to bottom shows a decreasing or increasing trend; the baffles (4) on the other side rotate in the opposite direction to the baffles (4) on the same side, and the angle shows a decreasing or increasing trend.

5. The fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode calcination furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The baffle plate (4) is arc-shaped.

6. The fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a linear drive unit and a transmission unit. The linear drive unit includes a lever (5) fixedly connected to each baffle (4) in the channel (3). Each lever (5) is provided with a corresponding drive block (6). Each drive block (6) is mounted on a drive frame (7). The drive frame (7) is slidably engaged with the side wall of the fire box (1). Each lever (5) has a torsion spring (8) sleeved on its rotation shaft. The drive frame (7) is threaded with a lead screw (9). The transmission unit is used to drive the baffle (4) to complete the corresponding angle rotation during the cooling stage.

7. The fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission unit includes a pressure rod (10) corresponding to each lever (5). The pressure rod (10) is located on the side of the lever (5) close to the flue gas flow direction, and each pressure rod (10) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fire box (1). A torsion spring (11) is sleeved on the rotation shaft of each pressure rod (10). A top rod (12) is fixedly connected to the pressure rod (10). The top rod (12) and the pressure rod (10) are arranged at an inclination, and a preset gap is left between the top of the top rod (12) and the bottom of the lever (5). In the two flow-blocking units, the gap between the top of the push rod (12) corresponding to the flow-blocking plate (4) on one side and the bottom of the lever (5) gradually increases from top to bottom; the gap between the top of the push rod (12) corresponding to the flow-blocking plate (4) on the other side and the bottom of the lever (5) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

8. The fire channel for an aluminum electrolysis prebaked anode baking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive block (6) and the drive frame (7) are both elastically slidably connected. Each lever (5) has a limiting block (13) on one side of its rotation direction. The limiting block (13) is slidably engaged with the side wall of the fire box (1). A screw (14) is threaded through the limiting block (13). The screw (14) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the fire box (1).

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