Bidirectional loading air spring rigidity testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device, and relates to the technical field of air spring stiffness testing, the bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device comprises a foundation platform, a detection mechanism and a stand column, the detection mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the top of the foundation platform, the stand column is arranged on the front side of the top of the foundation platform, and the detection mechanism comprises a bottom plate; a first electric telescopic rod is arranged at the top of the bottom plate, a connecting cover is arranged at the output end of the top of the first electric telescopic rod, a connecting plate is arranged on the rear side of the connecting cover, and the pressed area is changed, so that rigidity values under different contact areas are calculated; therefore, the stiffness sudden change characteristic of the air spring during sudden hard object impact and sudden load compression, the cooperative stress response of the rubber capsule body and the internal limiting structure and the deformation resistance and damage resistance under the extreme extrusion working condition are captured; and the blank of insufficient coverage of uncertain impact loads in complex road conditions and natural environments in conventional tests is filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air spring stiffness testing technology, specifically to a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Air springs, also known as air bladders, are elastic elements that use compressed air as the elastic medium. They are typically composed of a rubber bladder and a metal cover. Their main function is to provide vibration isolation and support. Compared with traditional metal coil springs, air springs have significant nonlinear characteristics. Their most prominent advantages are variable stiffness and height self-adjustment capabilities. They can effectively isolate high-frequency vibrations and absorb shocks, and are widely used in commercial vehicle suspension systems, rail transit, and vibration reduction and noise reduction of precision industrial equipment.

[0003] The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device is mainly used to simulate the complex stress state of air springs under actual working conditions. Its core architecture typically includes a multi-channel coordinated loading system, where high-precision actuators are set in the vertical direction to apply the main static load or dynamic excitation, while auxiliary actuators are configured in the horizontal direction to simulate the lateral force or coupled vertical and lateral loads during vehicle movement. The device integrates force sensors and high-precision displacement sensors to collect force changes and deformation data in real time during the loading process. Combined with a closed-loop control system, it achieves synchronous or asynchronous loading in the vertical and horizontal directions, thereby accurately measuring the dynamic and static stiffness characteristics of air springs under combined tensile, compressive, and shear conditions. This provides crucial data support for evaluating their support performance and stability under complex road conditions.

[0004] However, the existing bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device has the following shortcomings: Currently, most bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing devices on the market adopt electro-hydraulic servo multi-channel coordinated loading technology. Through the coordinated operation of vertical and horizontal actuators, they simulate the combined compression, tension, and shear stress state of air springs under actual working conditions, thereby providing high-precision three-dimensional mechanical data support for the stability design of vehicle suspension systems. However, in actual use, some off-road vehicles equipped with air springs often engage in off-road driving. As a result, the uncertainty brought about by road conditions and natural environment makes air springs susceptible to collision and compression. Since traditional stiffness testing is limited to a single-dimensional loading, its test results cannot fully reflect the air spring under complex working conditions and cannot reproduce the extreme working conditions of rigid collision and extreme compression encountered by air springs in actual service.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device. During testing, a vertical actuator first drives the prestressed ring and sensor downwards. Through a hinged structure and a shear platform, the vertical guide rail slides to ensure stable and anti-deviation during the pressure application process. After vertical testing, a lateral actuator is activated to push the lower shear platform, causing the bottom of the air spring component to shift to detect bending stiffness. Subsequently, an electric telescopic rod is used to move the pressure application mechanism to the corresponding position, pushing the inner rod to apply local pressure to the surface of the air spring component. The stiffness is obtained by combining pressure and laser distance sensors. Finally, by adjusting the position of the threaded cylinder, the outer telescopic cylinder is moved forward to change the pressure area, thereby calculating the stiffness value under different contact areas. This method effectively captures the stiffness mutation characteristics of air springs under sudden hard object impact and rapid load compression, the coordinated force response of the rubber bladder and internal limiting structure, and the resistance to deformation and damage under extreme extrusion conditions. It fills the gap in conventional testing's insufficient coverage of uncertain impact loads in complex road conditions and natural environments.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device, comprising a foundation platform, a testing mechanism and a column, wherein the testing mechanism is installed on the top rear side of the foundation platform and the column is installed on the top front side of the foundation platform; The detection mechanism includes a base plate, a first electric telescopic rod is mounted on the top of the base plate, a connecting cover is mounted on the top output end of the first electric telescopic rod, a connecting plate is mounted on the rear side of the connecting cover, a second electric telescopic rod is mounted on the top inner side of the connecting plate, the other end of the second electric telescopic rod is mounted on the outer side of the connecting cover, a connecting rod is mounted on the output end of the second electric telescopic rod, the other end of the connecting rod passes through the connecting cover and is mounted on a pressure sensor, an inner rod is mounted on the other side of the pressure sensor, an outer telescopic cylinder is slidably connected to the outer side of the inner rod, and two sliding plates are mounted on the outer side of the outer telescopic cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the outer side of the slide plate is slidably connected to a slide groove, the slide groove is installed on the front side of the connecting cover, the outer side of the connecting rod is provided with a first threaded ring, the outer side of the connecting rod is fitted with a first threaded cylinder, the first threaded cylinder is threadedly connected to the connecting rod through the first threaded ring, the outer side of the first threaded cylinder is provided with a second threaded ring, the outer side of the second threaded ring is fitted with a second threaded cylinder, the second threaded cylinder is threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder through the second threaded ring, and a laser distance sensor is installed at the bottom of the outer telescopic cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, there are four columns, and two primary crossbeams are installed on the top of the columns. Two secondary crossbeams are installed on the top of the two primary crossbeams. A vertical actuator adapter plate is installed at the bottom of the secondary crossbeams. A vertical actuator is installed at the bottom of the vertical actuator adapter plate. A vertical prestressing ring is installed at the bottom output end of the vertical actuator. A first distance sensor is installed at the bottom of the vertical prestressing ring.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the first distance sensor is provided with hinged double ears, the inner side of the hinged double ears is rotatably connected to a pin, and the outer side of the pin is rotatably connected to a hinged single ear.

[0011] Preferably, an upper shear-resistant platform is installed at the bottom of the hinged single ear, and multiple triangular plates are installed around the top of the upper shear-resistant platform, with vertical linear sliders installed on the outer sides of each of the multiple triangular plates.

[0012] Preferably, the inner sides of the plurality of vertical linear sliders are slidably connected to vertical linear guides, and the outer sides of the plurality of vertical linear guides are provided with vertical transition plates, and the outer sides of the plurality of vertical transition plates are provided on the inner sides of the corresponding columns.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the upper shear platform is provided with an upper cover plate, the bottom of the upper cover plate is provided with an air spring component, the bottom of the air spring component is provided with a lower foot plate, the top outer side of the air spring component is connected to a first pressurization port, the inner side of the first pressurization port is provided with a pressure sensor, the outer side of the pressure sensor is provided with a connecting fixing bracket, the connecting fixing bracket is installed inside the first pressurization port, and the bottom outer side of the air spring component is connected to a second pressurization port.

[0014] Preferably, a lower shear-resistant platform is installed at the bottom of the lower foot plate, and a plurality of horizontal linear sliders are installed at the bottom of the lower shear-resistant platform. Two horizontal linear guides are slidably connected to the inner bottom of the plurality of horizontal linear sliders, and a lower slide rail platform is installed at the bottom of the horizontal linear guides.

[0015] Preferably, a vertical force sensor is installed at the bottom of the lower platform of the slide rail, a bottom fixing plate is installed at the bottom of the vertical force sensor, the bottom fixing plate is installed at the top of the foundation platform, the bottom fixing plate is located in the middle of the plurality of columns, a transverse adapter is installed on the outer side of the lower shear platform, and a transverse extension rod is installed on the other side of the transverse adapter.

[0016] Preferably, a lateral force sensor is installed at the other end of the lateral extension rod, a second distance sensor is installed on the outer side of the lateral extension rod, a lateral prestressing ring is installed on the other side of the lateral force sensor, a lateral actuator is installed on the other side of the lateral prestressing ring, a lateral actuator adapter plate is installed at the other end of the lateral actuator, a triangular fixing support is installed on the other side of the lateral actuator adapter plate, and the triangular fixing support is installed on the top of the foundation platform.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: During testing, this invention uses a vertical actuator to press down the prestressed ring and sensor. A hinged structure, in conjunction with a shear platform, slides along the vertical guide rail to ensure stable pressure application and prevent deviation. After vertical testing, a lateral actuator is activated to push the lower shear platform, causing the bottom of the air spring to shift to detect bending stiffness. Then, an electric telescopic rod is used to move the pressure application mechanism to the corresponding position, pushing the inner rod to apply localized pressure to the surface of the air spring. Stiffness is obtained by combining pressure and laser distance sensors. Finally, adjusting the position of the threaded cylinder moves the outer telescopic cylinder forward, changing the pressure area, thereby calculating stiffness values ​​under different contact areas. This allows the invention to capture the sudden stiffness change characteristics of air springs under sudden hard object impacts and rapid load compression, the coordinated force response of the rubber bladder and internal limiting structure, and the resistance to deformation and breakage under extreme compression conditions. This fills the gap in conventional testing's insufficient coverage of uncertain impact loads in complex road conditions and natural environments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the main structure of a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional, disassembled view of the structure in the bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a partially disassembled perspective view of a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a split perspective view of the detection mechanism in a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device of the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 7 This is a rear view of the air spring component in a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Foundation platform; 2. Detection mechanism; 201. Base plate; 202. First electric telescopic rod; 203. Connecting cover; 204. Connecting plate; 205. Second electric telescopic rod; 206. Slide groove; 207. Slide plate; 208. Outer telescopic cylinder; 209. Inner rod; 210. Pressure sensor; 211. Connecting rod; 212. First threaded ring; 213. First threaded cylinder; 214. Second threaded ring; 215. Second threaded cylinder; 216. Laser distance sensor; 3. Primary crossbeam; 4. Secondary crossbeam; 5. Vertical prestressed ring; 6. First distance sensor; 7. Hinged double lugs; 8. Pin; 9. Hinged single lug; 10. Triangular plate; 11. Vertical linear slider; 12. Vertical linear guide rail; 13. Vertical adapter plate; 14. Upper shear platform; 15. Upper cover plate; 16. Air spring component; 17. Lower foot plate; 18. Lower shear platform; 19. Lateral linear slider; 20. Lateral linear guide rail; 21. Lower platform of the guide rail; 22. Vertical force sensor; 23. Bottom fixing plate; 24. Lateral adapter seat; 25. Lateral force sensor; 26. Lateral extension rod; 27. Lateral adapter adapter plate; 28. Triangular fixed support; 29. ​​Vertical actuator; 30. Lateral actuator; 31. Vertical adapter adapter plate; 32. Lateral prestressed ring; 33. Column; 34. First pressurization port; 35. Second pressurization port; 36. Air pressure sensor; 37. Connecting fixing frame; 38. Second distance sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1, according to Figure 1 - Figure 3As shown, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device, comprising a foundation platform 1, a testing mechanism 2, and a column 33. The testing mechanism 2 is installed on the top rear side of the foundation platform 1, and the column 33 is installed on the top front side of the foundation platform 1. The testing mechanism 2 includes a base plate 201, a first electric telescopic rod 202 is installed on the top of the base plate 201, a connecting cover 203 is installed on the top output end of the first electric telescopic rod 202, a connecting plate 204 is installed on the rear side of the connecting cover 203, and a second electric telescopic rod 205 is installed on the top inner side of the connecting plate 204. The other end of the second electric telescopic rod 205 is installed on the outer side of the connecting cover 203. A connecting rod 211 is installed at the output end of the second electric telescopic rod 205. The other end of the connecting rod 211 passes through the connecting cover 203 and is equipped with a pressure sensor 210. An inner rod 209 is installed on the other side of the pressure sensor 210. An outer telescopic cylinder 208 is slidably connected to the outer side of the inner rod 209. Two sliding plates 207 are installed on the outer side of the outer telescopic cylinder 208. A sliding groove 206 is slidably connected to the outer side of the sliding plates 207. The sliding groove 206 is installed on the front side of the connecting cover 203. A first threaded ring 212 is formed on the outer side of the connecting rod 211. A first threaded cylinder 213 is fitted onto the outer side of the connecting rod 211. The first threaded cylinder 213 is threadedly connected to the connecting rod 211 via a first threaded ring 212. A second threaded ring 214 is formed on the outer side of the first threaded cylinder 213. A second threaded cylinder 215 is fitted onto the outer side of the second threaded ring 214. The second threaded cylinder 215 is threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder 213 via the second threaded ring 214. A laser distance sensor 216 is installed at the bottom of the outer telescopic cylinder 208. There are four columns 33. Two primary crossbeams 3 are installed on the top of the columns 33. Secondary crossbeams 4 are installed on the top of the two primary crossbeams 3. A vertical actuator adapter plate 31 is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam 4. A vertical actuator 29 is installed at the bottom of the vertical actuator adapter plate 31. A vertical prestressing ring 5 is installed at the bottom output end of the vertical actuator 29. A first distance sensor 6 is installed at the bottom of the vertical prestressing ring 5. A hinged double ear 7 is installed at the bottom of the first distance sensor 6. A pin 8 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the hinged double ear 7. A hinged single ear 9 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the pin 8. An upper shear platform 14 is installed at the bottom of the hinged single ear 9. Multiple triangular plates 10 are installed around the top of the upper shear platform 14. A vertical linear slider 11 is installed on the outer side of each of the multiple triangular plates 10.

[0022] The overall effect of Embodiment 1 is as follows: When testing the air spring component 16, the top of the air spring component 16 is first installed on the bottom of the upper cover plate 15, and its bottom is installed on the top of the lower foot plate 17. The first pressurization port 34 and the second pressurization port 35 are respectively connected to the external air filling equipment. Air is injected into the air spring component 16 through the first pressurization port 34. The internal air pressure is stabilized to the normal working level using the air pressure sensor 36. The vertical actuator 29 is activated, which drives the vertical prestress ring 5 and the distance sensor to move downward. When the hinged double ears 7 and hinged single ears 9 at the bottom of the distance sensor are subjected to the reaction force of the air spring component 16, the distance sensor detects the force between the top and bottom in real time. During the downward pressing process, the upper anti-shear platform 14 is connected to the vertical linear slider 11 through the triangular plate 10. The vertical linear slider 11 slides along the outside of the vertical linear guide rail 12 to ensure that the pressure around the air spring component 16 is stable and to prevent it from tilting due to uneven pressure on the left and right or tilting and breaking due to excessive internal air pressure. After the vertical test is completed, the horizontal actuator is activated. The actuator 30 pushes the lateral extension rod 26 to move the lower shear platform 18, which in turn pushes the lower shear platform 18. The lower shear platform 18 causes the bottom of the air spring component 16 to shift via the lower foot plate 17, and its bending stiffness is detected. At the same time, another distance sensor records the deformation distance. The first electric telescopic rod 202 is activated, which moves the connecting cover 203 and the second electric telescopic rod 205 to a position relative to the air spring component 16. Then the second electric telescopic rod 205 is activated, which drives the connecting rod 211 to push the inner rod 209 against the surface of the air spring component 16 and apply pressure. The stiffness is obtained by combining the pressure sensor 210 and the laser distance sensor 216. After the test is completed, the threaded cylinder is manually turned. By using the threaded engagement between the threaded cylinder and the threaded ring, the outer end of the threaded cylinder is brought against the outer telescopic cylinder 208. When the threaded ring pushes the inner rod 209 to move, the threaded cylinder simultaneously pushes the outer telescopic cylinder 208 forward, increasing the pressure area of ​​the air spring component 16. The stiffness value of the air spring component 16 to cope with deformation under different pressure areas is calculated.

[0023] Example 2, according to Figure 2 - Figure 7As shown, vertical linear sliders 11 are slidably connected to vertical linear guides 12 on their inner sides, and vertical transition plates 13 are installed on the outer sides of the vertical linear guides 12. The outer sides of the vertical transition plates 13 are installed on the inner sides of the corresponding columns 33. An upper cover plate 15 is installed at the bottom of the upper shear platform 14, an air spring 16 is installed at the bottom of the upper cover plate 15, a lower foot plate 17 is installed at the bottom of the air spring 16, and the top of the outer side of the air spring 16 is connected to a first pressurization device. A pressure sensor 36 is installed inside the first pressure port 34, and a connecting bracket 37 is installed outside the pressure sensor 36. The connecting bracket 37 is installed inside the first pressure port 34. The bottom outer side of the air spring 16 is connected to the second pressure port 35. A lower shear platform 18 is installed at the bottom of the lower foot plate 17. Multiple horizontal linear sliders 19 are installed at the bottom of the lower shear platform 18. Two horizontal linear sliders are slidably connected to the inner bottom of the multiple horizontal linear sliders 19. A linear guide rail 20 is provided. A lower platform 21 is installed at the bottom of the horizontal linear guide rail 20. A vertical force sensor 22 is installed at the bottom of the lower platform 21. A bottom fixing plate 23 is installed at the bottom of the vertical force sensor 22. The bottom fixing plate 23 is installed at the top of the foundation platform 1 and is located in the middle of multiple columns 33. A horizontal transition seat 24 is installed on the outside of the lower shear platform 18. A horizontal extension rod 26 is installed on the other side of the horizontal transition seat 24. A horizontal force sensor 25 is installed at the other end of the horizontal extension rod 26. A second distance sensor 38 is installed on the outside of the horizontal extension rod 26. A horizontal prestressing ring 32 is installed on the other side of the horizontal force sensor 25. A horizontal actuator 30 is installed on the other side of the horizontal prestressing ring 32. A horizontal actuator transition plate 27 is installed at the other end of the horizontal actuator 30. A triangular fixed support 28 is installed on the other side of the horizontal actuator transition plate 27 and is installed at the top of the foundation platform 1.

[0024] The overall effect of Embodiment 2 is as follows: In the above-described structure, the first electric telescopic rod 202, the second telescopic rod, the outer telescopic cylinder 208, and the first threaded cylinder 213 enable multi-position and variable pressure area local pressure detection. By adjusting the pressure position through the first electric telescopic rod 202, and cooperating with the stepless adjustment of the double-layer threaded cylinder, the combined pressure area of ​​the inner rod 209 and the outer telescopic cylinder 208 is changed. This allows for the simulation of local collision and compression conditions of hard objects of different sizes without changing the pressure head, solving the problem that traditional devices can only perform overall loading and cannot reproduce local impacts. Simultaneously, it improves detection efficiency and vertical... The loaded hinged structure, shear-resistant platform, and linear slider guide rail enable high-precision vertical stiffness detection. The rotational connection between the hinged double lugs 7 and the single lug buffers the loading impact, protecting the sensor from damage by instantaneous load. The cooperation between the vertical linear slider 11 and the guide rail limits and constrains the vertical movement trajectory of the upper shear-resistant platform 14, preventing the air spring from tilting due to uneven pressure. This solves the problem of lateral offset and detection data deviation that easily occur in traditional vertical loading. The lower shear-resistant platform 18 and the horizontal linear slider 19 guide rail for lateral loading achieve decoupled detection of vertical and lateral loading. The lateral shear structure and the vertical shear... The structure is independently configured, and the load transmission of the bidirectional actuators does not interfere with each other. This simulates the combined stress state of an air spring under compression and lateral deflection in actual working conditions, solving the problems of poor coordination and large interference in coupled stiffness data in traditional bidirectional loading devices. The first pressure port 34 and the second pressure port 35, along with the air pressure sensor 36, ensure that the detection conditions are consistent with actual working conditions. Real-time inflation and pressure stabilization keep the air pressure inside the air spring constant at the working level, eliminating the influence of air pressure fluctuations on stiffness characteristics. This addresses the problems of traditional detection neglecting air pressure factors and the disconnect between test data and actual service conditions. (Pressure sensor 2...) The combination of the 10 and the laser distance sensor 216 enables accurate calculation of local stiffness. During local pressure application, pressure and displacement data are collected simultaneously to directly calculate the local impact stiffness of the air spring when it is squeezed by a hard object. This solves the problem that traditional devices can only detect overall stiffness and cannot obtain local mechanical properties. The double-ended setting of the vertical and horizontal prestressing rings 32 eliminates measurement errors caused by mechanical clearance. The prestressing rings use pre-tightening force to make the sensor and the loading component fit tightly, avoiding data fluctuations in the initial loading stage and solving the problems of zero drift and inaccurate data in the initial stage of traditional devices.

[0025] The working principle of the entire device is as follows: When the air spring component 16 is tested, the top of the air spring component 16 is first installed on the bottom of the upper cover plate 15, and the bottom of the air spring component 16 is installed on the top of the lower foot plate 17. Then, the first pressurization port 34 and the second pressurization port 35 are connected to the external air filling equipment respectively. At this time, air is injected into the air spring component 16 through the first pressurization port 34. The air pressure sensor 36 stabilizes the air pressure in the air spring component 16 at the level when the air spring component 16 is working normally. At this time, the vertical actuator 29 is activated. The vertical actuator 29 drives the vertical prestress ring 5 and the first distance sensor 6 to move downward. The hinged double ears 7 and hinged single ears at the bottom of the first distance sensor 6 are... When the air spring 16 reacts, the first distance sensor 6 begins to detect the force between the top and bottom in real time. To ensure the overall stability of the air spring 16 during this detection period and to prevent the air spring 16 from tilting due to uneven pressure on the left and right sides, thus affecting the detection accuracy, when the vertical actuator 29 pushes the vertical prestressed ring 5 and the first distance sensor 6 downward, the upper shear platform 14 is connected to the vertical linear slider 11 through the triangular plate 10. Since the vertical linear slider 11 slides on the outside of the vertical linear guide rail 12, the upper shear platform 14 ensures stable pressure around the air spring 16 through the sliding relationship between the vertical linear slider 11 and the vertical linear guide rail 12 during the entire downward pressing process. To prevent the air spring 16 from tilting due to excessive internal air pressure during subsequent testing, which could cause the concentrated air pressure to break through the air spring 16, and to increase the diversity of testing, after the above testing is completed, the lateral actuator 30 is activated. The lateral actuator 30 pushes the lateral extension rod 26 to move towards the lower shear platform 18 until the lower shear platform 18 is pushed in the same direction. Since the lower shear platform 18 is connected to the air spring 16 through the lower foot plate 17, the bottom of the air spring 16 is offset by the lower shear platform 18. This allows the bending stiffness of the air spring 16 against deformation to be tested, and the deformation distance is recorded by the second distance sensor 38, thus completing the bending stiffness test. To ensure a more comprehensive detection range, the connecting cover 203 and the second electric telescopic rod 205 are moved to a position opposite to the air spring component 16 via the first electric telescopic rod 202. The second electric telescopic rod 205 is then activated, moving the connecting rod 211 towards the air spring component 16. The connecting rod 211 pushes the inner rod 209 against the surface of the air spring component 16, causing the inner rod 209 to exert pressure on the surface of the air spring component 16. The stiffness is then determined by combining the pressure sensor 210 and the laser distance sensor 216. After the detection is completed, the first threaded cylinder 213 is manually turned, and the outer end of the first threaded cylinder 213 abuts against the outer telescopic cylinder 208 due to the threaded relationship between the first threaded cylinder 213 and the first threaded ring 212.Therefore, when the first threaded ring 212 pushes the inner rod 209 to move, the first threaded cylinder 213 simultaneously pushes the outer telescopic cylinder 208 forward. At this time, the pressure-bearing area of ​​the air spring component 16 increases, thus allowing the calculation of the stiffness value of the air spring component 16 to cope with deformation under different pressure areas.

[0026] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device, characterized in that: It includes a foundation platform (1), a testing mechanism (2) and a column (33). The testing mechanism (2) is installed on the top rear side of the foundation platform (1), and the column (33) is installed on the top front side of the foundation platform (1). The detection mechanism (2) includes a base plate (201), a first electric telescopic rod (202) is installed on the top of the base plate (201), a connecting cover (203) is installed on the top output end of the first electric telescopic rod (202), a connecting plate (204) is installed on the rear side of the connecting cover (203), a second electric telescopic rod (205) is installed on the top inner side of the connecting plate (204), the other end of the second electric telescopic rod (205) is installed on the outer side of the connecting cover (203), a connecting rod (211) is installed on the output end of the second electric telescopic rod (205), the other end of the connecting rod (211) passes through the connecting cover (203) and is equipped with a pressure sensor (210), an inner rod (209) is installed on the other side of the pressure sensor (210), an outer telescopic cylinder (208) is slidably connected to the outer side of the inner rod (209), and two sliding plates (207) are installed on the outer side of the outer telescopic cylinder (208).

2. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the slide plate (207) is slidably connected to a groove (206), the groove (206) is installed on the front side of the connecting cover (203), the outer side of the connecting rod (211) is provided with a first threaded ring (212), the outer side of the connecting rod (211) is fitted with a first threaded cylinder (213), the first threaded cylinder (213) is threadedly connected to the connecting rod (211) through the first threaded ring (212), the outer side of the first threaded cylinder (213) is provided with a second threaded ring (214), the outer side of the second threaded ring (214) is fitted with a second threaded cylinder (215), the second threaded cylinder (215) is threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder (213) through the second threaded ring (214), and a laser distance sensor (216) is installed at the bottom of the outer telescopic cylinder (208).

3. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of columns (33) is four. Two primary beams (3) are installed on the top of the columns (33). Two secondary beams (4) are installed on the top of the two primary beams (3). A vertical actuator adapter plate (31) is installed at the bottom of the secondary beams (4). A vertical actuator (29) is installed at the bottom of the vertical actuator adapter plate (31). A vertical prestressing ring (5) is installed at the bottom output end of the vertical actuator (29). A first distance sensor (6) is installed at the bottom of the vertical prestressing ring (5).

4. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the first distance sensor (6) is provided with a hinged double ear (7), the inner side of the hinged double ear (7) is rotatably connected with a pin (8), and the outer side of the pin (8) is rotatably connected with a hinged single ear (9).

5. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the hinged single ear (9) is provided with an upper shear platform (14), and a plurality of triangular plates (10) are provided around the top of the upper shear platform (14). A vertical linear slider (11) is provided on the outer side of each of the plurality of triangular plates (10).

6. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner sides of the plurality of vertical linear sliders (11) are slidably connected to vertical linear guides (12), and the outer sides of the plurality of vertical linear guides (12) are provided with vertical transition plates (13), and the outer sides of the plurality of vertical transition plates (13) are provided on the inner sides of the corresponding columns (33).

7. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper shear platform (14) is provided with an upper cover plate (15) at the bottom, an air spring component (16) is provided at the bottom of the upper cover plate (15), a lower foot plate (17) is provided at the bottom of the air spring component (16), a first pressurization port (34) is connected to the top of the outer side of the air spring component (16), a pressure sensor (36) is provided on the inner side of the first pressurization port (34), a connecting fixing bracket (37) is provided on the outer side of the pressure sensor (36), the connecting fixing bracket (37) is installed on the inner side of the first pressurization port (34), and a second pressurization port (35) is connected to the bottom of the outer side of the air spring component (16).

8. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the lower foot plate (17) is provided with a lower shear platform (18), and the bottom of the lower shear platform (18) is provided with a plurality of horizontal linear sliders (19). The bottom inner side of the plurality of horizontal linear sliders (19) is slidably connected to two horizontal linear guides (20), and the bottom of the horizontal linear guides (20) is provided with a lower slide rail platform (21).

9. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A vertical force sensor (22) is installed at the bottom of the lower platform (21) of the slide rail. A bottom fixing plate (23) is installed at the bottom of the vertical force sensor (22). The bottom fixing plate (23) is installed at the top of the foundation platform (1). The bottom fixing plate (23) is located in the middle of the multiple columns (33). A transverse transition seat (24) is installed on the outside of the lower shear platform (18). A transverse extension rod (26) is installed on the other side of the transverse transition seat (24).

10. The bidirectional loading air spring stiffness testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A lateral force sensor (25) is installed at the other end of the lateral extension rod (26). A second distance sensor (38) is installed on the outside of the lateral extension rod (26). A lateral prestressed ring (32) is installed on the other side of the lateral force sensor (25). A lateral actuator (30) is installed on the other side of the lateral prestressed ring (32). A lateral actuator adapter plate (27) is installed at the other end of the lateral actuator (30). A triangular fixed support (28) is installed on the other side of the lateral actuator adapter plate (27). The triangular fixed support (28) is installed on the top of the foundation platform (1).

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