Mechanical structure and method for rapid remodeling tester of three-type speed reducer

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical structure and method of a rapid remodeling tester for a three-type speed reducer, and belongs to the technical field of tester design. The tester comprises a driving unit, a transmission unit, a positioning unit and a load unit. The transmission unit comprises a main speed-increasing gearbox, a middle speed-increasing gearbox, a reduction gearbox and A-type and C-type speed reducer replacement gearboxes. The main speed increasing box is designed to have double output ends which respectively correspond to the input ends of the A-type speed reducer and the B-type speed reducer; the middle speed increasing box is connected with the A-type output and the C-type input; the reduction gear box reduces the output rotating speed to the working rotating speed of the load motor. And the positioning unit realizes accurate positioning and fixation of each component through a special bracket and an interchangeable follow fixture. Through the modularized and replaceable transmission chain design and the unified driving and load interface, the functions of rapid remodeling, independent testing or combined testing of A, B and C three-type speed reducers on the same test bench are achieved, the problem that multiple special test benches need to be built for testing of multi-type speed reducers is solved, the test efficiency is remarkably improved, and the test cost is reduced. And the construction and operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing equipment design technology, specifically relating to a mechanical structure for a rapid changeover testing equipment for a type three reducer in a helicopter transmission system. Background Technology

[0002] The helicopter gearbox is a critical component of the transmission system, and its performance requires rigorous verification through ground testing. In the past, test rig construction typically adopted a "one-type-one-rig" model, meaning each gearbox model required a dedicated test rig. This model has significant drawbacks: firstly, it cannot conduct system-level joint testing between different gearbox models; secondly, when developing new models, new test rigs must be built, resulting in long construction periods, high costs, and large land areas.

[0003] Currently, in the development of a new helicopter, three types of gearboxes—A, B, and C—require ground testing. Building three separate test benches for each would result in significant resource waste and time delays. Existing test benches lack the capability to test all three types of gearboxes simultaneously, and further lack the ability to quickly and accurately switch between various test modes (single test, combined test). Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated, universal, and rapidly adaptable gearbox testing mechanical structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In the ground testing and verification of helicopter gearboxes, traditional technical solutions have the following drawbacks:

[0005] Limited functionality: Existing test benches are typically designed for a single type of reducer and do not have the capability to test multiple types of reducers. They cannot meet the testing requirements of new helicopter transmission systems that include Type A, Type B, and Type C reducers.

[0006] Switching difficulties: Testing different models of reducers requires transferring equipment between different test benches or making large-scale modifications to the test benches, resulting in long test cycles, low switching efficiency, and inability to adapt to the rapid iterative development pace.

[0007] High cost: Building three dedicated test benches for each of the three types of reducers involves huge investment, large land area, and long construction period, resulting in waste of resources.

[0008] Lack of joint testing capability: Existing solutions cannot achieve system-level joint testing between different types of reducers (such as series testing of type A and type C), making it difficult to verify the matching performance of the whole machine transmission system.

[0009] Low space utilization: The traditional layout failed to optimize the spatial arrangement of the transmission chain, resulting in a large footprint of the test bench and low space utilization in the factory.

[0010] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention provides a mechanical structure for a rapid changeover tester for three types of reducers. Its core innovation lies in the modular and reconfigurable transmission system design, combined with a unified drive / load interface and a rapid changeover mechanism, which enables efficient and compatible testing of three types of reducers on the same test platform.

[0011] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a mechanical structure for a rapid changeover tester for three types of reducers, comprising: 1. Drive unit The drive unit includes a high-power drive motor and a drive motor mounting bracket. The drive motor is fixed to the factory floor by the mounting bracket, providing stable speed and torque input for the entire transmission system. The mounting bracket is designed with a three-dimensional adjustment mechanism to ensure precise alignment between the motor output shaft and the transmission system input end.

[0012] 2. Transmission Unit The transmission unit is the core functional module of the tester, and it adopts a modular and replaceable design, including the following key components: Main speed-increasing gearbox: Fixed by a bracket, its input end is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. This gearbox employs multi-stage gear transmission and features a uniquely designed dual-output structure: the first output end extends through a bearing housing and connects to the input shaft of the type A reducer; the second output end directly connects to the input shaft of the type B reducer. This design allows both type A and type B reducers to share the same drive source.

[0013] Intermediate speed-increasing gearbox: Fixed between the output end of the type A reducer and the input end of the type C reducer by a bracket. Its function is to increase the output speed of the type A reducer to the required input speed of the type C reducer, thus achieving speed matching.

[0014] The reduction gearbox is fixed to the end of the test bench by a bracket. Its input end can be selectively connected to the output end of a C-type reducer or a B-type reducer. Its function is to reduce the higher output speed to the operating speed range of the load motor.

[0015] Alternative gearbox sets: These include A-type reducer replacement gearboxes and C-type reducer replacement gearboxes. Both are completely identical to the actual A-type and C-type reducers in terms of external mounting interfaces, connection dimensions, and shaft positions. They can be used as "transmission bridges" to replace the actual reducers in specific test modes, maintaining the integrity of the transmission chain.

[0016] 3. Positioning Unit The positioning unit provides precise spatial positioning and rigid support for the entire transmission system, including: Support system: including main speed-increasing gearbox support, intermediate speed-increasing gearbox support, and reduction gearbox support. Each support is optimized based on modal analysis to keep its natural frequency away from the operating frequency band of the transmission system, thus avoiding resonance; and is rigidly fixed to the cast iron platform through connections.

[0017] Fixture system: Type A mounting clamp: Used for fixing and installing Type A reducers, it is a special fixed clamp.

[0018] Type B follow-up clamp: Used for installing Type B reducers.

[0019] Type C follow-up clamp: Used for installing Type C reducers.

[0020] Key design: The base mounting interfaces of the B-type and C-type follower fixtures are designed to be completely identical, allowing them to be interchangeably installed on the same preset station of the test bench, thus enabling quick switching between the B-type and C-type reducers.

[0021] 4. Load Unit The load unit includes a load motor and a load motor mounting bracket. The load motor absorbs the power output from the transmission system, simulating the actual working load. The load motor mounting bracket is fixed to the ground and also has three-dimensional adjustment capabilities to ensure precise alignment with the output end of the transmission system.

[0022] Quick Changeover Working Principle The rapid changeover capability of this invention is achieved through the following co-design: Input switching mechanism: The dual-output design of the main speed-increasing gearbox allows the power of drive motor 1 to drive type A or type B reducers through different output paths, thereby achieving input-side model switching.

[0023] Unified output interface: Through spatial layout design, the output shafts of the B-type reducer and the C-type reducer are located in the same position, both aligning with the input shaft of the reduction gearbox 12. Combined with the interchangeability of the B / C type accompanying fixtures, rapid docking between the output side and the load unit is achieved.

[0024] Transmission chain integrity maintenance: When a specific type of reducer needs to be tested individually, the unused reducer position can be filled by using the corresponding replacement gearbox (Type A replacement gearbox 7 or Type C replacement gearbox 11) to maintain the integrity of the mechanical transmission chain from drive to load without the need to readjust the position of the main equipment.

[0025] Joint test path: The intermediate speed-increasing gearbox 8 is specially designed to connect type A and type C reducers. When both are installed at the same time, a series transmission path A→C is formed to realize system-level joint testing.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention provides a rapid changeover test method for three types of reducers, which includes the following steps: Select the appropriate reducer or alternative gearbox based on the type of reducer to be tested. The components in the transmission chain are fixed by the clamps and brackets in the positioning unit to ensure the alignment of the transmission path; Start the drive unit and input the speed and torque to the transmission unit; The reducer performance is tested by applying a load to the transmission unit using a load cell. When it is necessary to change the test model, the A, B or C type reducer can be quickly changed to a different type by replacing the fixture and / or replacing the gearbox.

[0027] As a further technical solution of the present invention: when testing the combined test of type A reducer and type C reducer, type A reducer and type C reducer are installed and connected by an intermediate speed increaser; when testing type C reducer alone, type A reducer is used to replace the gearbox and replace type A reducer; when testing type A reducer alone, type C reducer is used to replace the gearbox and replace type C reducer; when testing type B reducer, it is directly installed on type B traveling fixture and driven by the other output end of the main speed increaser.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. High integration and versatility: Using only a single drive motor and a single load motor, through ingenious transmission chain layout and interchangeable design, it can meet the testing requirements of three types of reducers, achieving "one machine for multiple uses" and greatly improving equipment utilization and site efficiency.

[0029] 2. Rapid changeover capability: Through the dual-output main speed increaser design, consistent interface accompanying fixtures, and the use of alternative gearboxes, rapid and precise switching between tests of different models of reducers is achieved, significantly shortening the test preparation time.

[0030] 3. Flexible testing modes: It not only supports individual testing of type A, B, and C reducers, but also enables joint testing of type A and type C reducers through an intermediate speed increaser, meeting the needs of system-level verification.

[0031] 4. Stable and reliable structure: The positioning unit ensures the stability and reliability of the transmission chain under high-speed and heavy-load conditions through rigid brackets and support structures that have undergone modal analysis, thus avoiding the risk of resonance.

[0032] 5. Significant cost-effectiveness: It avoids the huge investment in building multiple dedicated test benches, and can complete multiple test tasks at low cost and high efficiency during the model development stage.

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall layout of the mechanical structure of the three types of reducer quick change tester of the present invention (showing the core transmission chain in the state of A / C joint test or A single test and C single test).

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the present invention under the experimental type B reducer condition.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the present invention under test C-type reducer (tested alone).

[0037] The following are the labeling details in the diagram: 1. Drive motor; 2. Drive motor mounting bracket; 3. Main speed-increasing gearbox; 4. Main speed-increasing gearbox bracket; 5. Bearing housing; 6. Type A reducer mounting fixture; 7. Type A reducer replacement gearbox; 8. Intermediate speed-increasing gearbox; 9. Intermediate speed-increasing gearbox bracket; 10. Type C reducer accompanying fixture; 11. Type C reducer replacement gearbox; 12. Reduction gearbox; 13. Reduction gearbox bracket; 14. Load motor; 15. Load motor mounting bracket; 16. Type B reducer accompanying fixture. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this invention.

[0039] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0040] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0042] Example 1: Overall Structure and Layout of the Mechanical Structure of the Testing Apparatus See Figure 1The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester provided by this invention is installed as a whole on a sturdy factory floor or cast iron platform. Functionally, it can be divided into a drive unit, a transmission unit, and a load unit. Structurally, a positioning unit connects the three units, forming a stable open mechanical system.

[0043] Drive unit: includes a high-power drive motor 1 (e.g., 3000kW) and its dedicated drive motor mounting bracket 2. The mounting bracket 2 is firmly fixed to the factory floor with anchor bolts, ensuring that the center height and position of the output shaft of the drive motor 1 are precisely adjustable and stable.

[0044] Transmission unit: It is the core of realizing speed change, power transmission and model switching.

[0045] Main speed-increasing gearbox 3: Fixed by the main speed-increasing gearbox bracket 4 below it. Its input end is connected to the output shaft of drive motor 1 via a high-torque coupling. The gearbox housing uses multi-stage cylindrical helical gear transmission, and its key feature is its dual-output design. One output end (left side of the diagram) extends outward through a bearing housing 5 to connect to the input shaft of type A reducer; the other output end (right side of the diagram) is directly used to connect to the input shaft of type B reducer. The bearing housing 5 serves two purposes: first, to support the output shaft, and second, to appropriately extend the transmission distance, leaving axial space for the subsequent installation of type C reducer.

[0046] Intermediate speed-increasing gearbox 8: Fixed by intermediate speed-increasing gearbox bracket 9. Its input end is connected to the output end of type A reducer via a coupling. Its function is to increase the output speed of type A reducer to the input speed required by type C reducer.

[0047] Reduction gearbox 12: Fixed by reduction gearbox bracket 13. Its input end can receive speed from the output end of a type C reducer or a type B reducer. Its function is to reduce the higher output speed to within the allowable operating speed range of the load motor 14.

[0048] Alternative gearboxes: These include type A reducer alternative gearbox 7 and type C reducer alternative gearbox 11. Their external dimensions, mounting interfaces, and the positions and dimensions of their input and output shafts are completely identical to the actual type A and type C reducers, but they do not possess the internal functions of a reducer; they serve only as a "transmission bridge block." Type A alternative gearbox 7 can be installed in the position of type A mounting fixture 6, and type C alternative gearbox 11 can be installed in the position of type C accompanying fixture 10.

[0049] Positioning unit: Support system: including supports 4, 9, and 13 mentioned above. These supports have all undergone finite element analysis and modal calculation optimization design to ensure their natural frequencies are far from the operating frequencies of the transmission system, preventing harmful resonance. The bottom of the supports is fixedly connected to the cast iron platform, providing rigid support for the upper housing.

[0050] Fixture system: Type A mounting fixture 6: Used to install and clamp a real Type A reducer, it is a fixed special fixture.

[0051] Type B accompanying fixture 16 and Type C accompanying fixture 10: These are used to install Type B and Type C reducers, respectively. Their base interfaces are designed to be identical, allowing them to be installed at the same preset position on the test bench. By changing the entire fixture, quick switching between Type B and Type C reducers can be achieved.

[0052] Load unit: includes load motor 14 (e.g., a 3000kW generator or load unit) and load motor mounting bracket 15. Mounting bracket 15 is also fixed to the ground and is designed with a three-dimensional adjustment mechanism to ensure that the input shaft of load motor 14 can be precisely aligned and connected with the output shaft of reduction gearbox 12.

[0053] Example 2: Configuration and workflow of different test modes This invention can realize multiple test modes, which are described below. Figure 1-3 Detailed explanation: Mode 1: Joint test of type A and type C reducers 1. Configuration: Refer to Figure 1 The basic layout is as follows: A real A-type reducer is installed on type A mounting fixture 6. A real C-type reducer is installed on type C accompanying fixture 10. The transmission path is: drive motor 1 -> main speed increaser 3 -> bearing housing 5 -> A-type reducer -> intermediate speed increaser 8 -> C-type reducer -> reduction gearbox 12 -> load motor 14.

[0054] 2. Operation: Drive motor 1 provides power, which is increased by the main speed increaser 3 and then drives type A reducer. The power and speed output of type A reducer are further increased by intermediate speed increaser 8 to match the input conditions of type C reducer, thus driving type C reducer. The output of type C reducer is reduced by reduction gearbox 12, and the load motor 14 absorbs the power to achieve loading. This mode is used to evaluate the system performance of type A and type C reducers operating in series.

[0055] Mode 2: Individual test of C-type reducer 1. Configuration: See Figure 3 Remove the actual A-type reducer from the A-type mounting fixture 6 and replace it with the A-type reducer to replace gearbox 7. Install the actual C-type reducer on the C-type accompanying fixture 10.

[0056] 2. Operation: The transmission path is: Drive Motor 1 -> Main Speed ​​Increaser 3 -> Bearing Housing 5 -> Type A Substitute Speed ​​Increaser 7 -> Intermediate Speed ​​Increaser 8 -> Type C Reducer -> Reduction Gearbox 12 -> Load Motor 14. Type A Substitute Speed ​​Increaser 7 transmits the speed and torque of the main speed increaser 3 to the intermediate speed increaser 8 as is, and the subsequent process is the same as in Mode 1. In this mode, only the Type C reducer is tested separately.

[0057] Mode 3: Individual test of type A reducer 1. Configuration: Install the actual A-type reducer on the A-type mounting fixture 6. Remove the actual C-type reducer from the C-type accompanying fixture 10 and replace it with the C-type reducer to replace the gearbox 11.

[0058] 2. Operation: The transmission path is: drive motor 1 -> main speed increaser 3 -> bearing housing 5 -> type A reducer -> intermediate speed increaser 8 -> type C replacement gearbox 11 -> reduction gearbox 12 -> load motor 14. Type C replacement gearbox 11 transmits power from intermediate speed increaser 8 to reduction gearbox 12. In this mode, only type A reducer is tested separately.

[0059] Mode 4: Individual test of type B reducer 1. Configuration: See Figure 2 Remove the C-type accompanying fixture 10 (along with the reducer or replacement gearbox on it) from the workstation. Install the B-type accompanying fixture 16, with the actual B-type reducer installed, onto the workstation. At this time, the paths for the A-type mounting fixture 6 and the intermediate speed increaser 8 are not used.

[0060] 2. Operation: The transmission path is: drive motor 1 -> main speed increaser 3 (right output end) -> type B reducer -> reduction gearbox 12 -> load motor 14. The right output of the main speed increaser 3 directly drives the type B reducer, and the output of the type B reducer is directly connected to the reduction gearbox 12. This mode fully utilizes the dual output characteristics of the main speed increaser, realizing the rapid connection test of the type B reducer.

[0061] Summary of key points for rapid model changeover 1. Input switching: The dual output design of the main speed increaser 3 allows the drive switching between type A and type B without moving the drive motor or the main speed increaser itself. It only requires connecting or disconnecting the reducer at the corresponding output end.

[0062] 2. Unified Output and Workstation: Through design, the output ends of both the Type B and Type C reducers can be spatially aligned with the input end of the reduction gearbox 12. Simultaneously, the interfaces of the Type B and Type C accompanying fixtures are unified, allowing them to share a single installation station and enabling rapid type changeover by replacing the entire fixture assembly.

[0063] 3. Continuous transmission chain: The design of replacing the gearbox (7, 11) allows a "transmission bridge" to fill the original position when a real reducer is not involved in the test, ensuring that the mechanical transmission chain from the drive end to the load end is always completely continuous without the need for major adjustments to the equipment layout.

[0064] Through the above mechanical structure design and test mode configuration, this invention successfully integrates the test functions of three types of reducers into a single test bench, realizing rapid, flexible and reliable type change test capabilities, and significantly improving test efficiency and equipment economy.

[0065] Example 3 See Figure 1-3 This invention provides a mechanical structure for a rapid changeover tester for three types of reducers, which can be functionally divided into three parts: a "drive unit," a "transmission unit," and a "load unit." These three parts form a unified whole, coordinating to create a complete open mechanical structure for an electrically loaded three-type reducer tester. The scheme is as follows: Drive unit: The transmission unit is driven by a 3000kW drive motor 1, which is fixed to the factory floor by a mounting bracket 2.

[0066] Transmission Unit: The main speed-increasing gearbox 3 is fixed by its bracket 4 and is designed with dual output ends. One side is connected to the input end of the type A reducer (product) via bearing seat 5, and the other side is connected to the input end of the type B reducer (product). The type A reducer (product) is fixed on the tester via the type A mounting fixture 6. The output end is increased to the input speed of the type C reducer (product) via the intermediate speed-increasing gearbox 8, thus transmitting speed and power and enabling joint testing of type A and type C reducers. The position of the type A reducer accompanying fixture 6 can be used to replace gearbox 7 to complete the transmission of speed and power for individual testing of type C reducer (product). The type C reducer (product) is fixed on the tester via the type C mounting fixture 10. Its position can also be used to replace gearbox 11 to complete the transmission of speed and power for individual testing of type A reducer (product). The reduction gearbox 12 mounted on bracket 13 reduces the speed to the operating speed of the load motor 14, realizing the loading of the entire transmission chain in both type A and type C reducer states. The B-type reducer (product) is fixed on the tester by the B-type reducer accompanying clamp 16, and its output end is directly reduced to the working speed of the load motor 14 through the reduction gearbox 12, so as to realize the loading of the entire transmission chain of the B-type reducer (product).

[0067] Load unit: The load unit is tested by a 3000kW load motor 14, which is fixed in the factory building by a mounting bracket 15.

[0068] 1. This application can realize the driving and loading of type A, B and C reducers by using only a single drive motor input and a single load motor output structure.

[0069] 2. The main speed-increasing gearbox of this application is fixed by its bracket and internally driven by a three-stage cylindrical helical gear. It is designed with dual output ends. One side is connected to the type A reducer through a bearing seat, and the other side is connected to the type B reducer to transmit speed and power, so as to achieve quick change of type without moving the main speed-increasing gearbox.

[0070] 3. The type A reducer of this application is fixed on the test bench by the type A mounting fixture. The output end is accelerated to the input speed of the type C reducer through the intermediate speed-increasing gearbox to transmit speed and power, so as to realize the ability of type A and type C reducers to be tested together.

[0071] 4. In this application, both the C-type reducer and the B-type reducer output ends are reduced to the working speed of the load motor through a reduction gearbox mounted on the bracket, so as to realize the electric power loading of the entire transmission chain, making the energy cleaner and more efficient.

[0072] 5. The Type B and Type C reducers of this application are installed and fixed by their respective accompanying clamps. The interfaces of the accompanying clamps are the same, and the reducer accompanying clamps have a quick switching function.

[0073] 6. This application designs the main speed-increasing gearbox and its support so that the input end of the type B reducer and the input end of the type A reducer are exactly matched with the two output ends of the speed-increasing gearbox, so that the type B reducer and the type A reducer share a drive motor and achieve seamless switching of the transmission chain input end.

[0074] 7. This application designs an intermediate speed-increasing gearbox and its support to make the output end of the B-type reducer coincide with the output end of the C-type reducer, and to share a load motor with the output end of the C-type reducer, thereby achieving seamless switching of the transmission chain output end and enabling the B-type reducer to operate independently.

[0075] 8. This application achieves the matching of the X, Y, and Z axis positions of the drive end and load end with the input and output ends of the transmission system by designing the mounting brackets for the drive motor and load motor.

[0076] 9. This application designs an A-type reducer to replace the gearbox, achieving a mounting structure and input / output terminals that are completely identical to the reducer mounted on the A-type mounting fixture. It can be used to replace the A-type reducer in the entire transmission system and has the capability to be tested independently by the C-type reducer.

[0077] 10. This application designs a C-type reducer to replace the gearbox, achieving a mounting structure and input / output terminals that are completely identical to the reducer mounted on the C-type traveling fixture. It can be used to replace the C-type reducer in the entire transmission system and has the capability to be tested independently by the A-type reducer.

[0078] 11. This application, through the design of bearing housings and brackets, reserves axial space for the installation of the C-type reducer behind the transmission chain, and completes the connection of the transmission chain with minimal space.

[0079] Example 4 See appendix Figure 1-3 This invention provides a mechanical structure for a rapid changeover tester for three types of reducers, which includes, in terms of technical solution, a drive unit, a transmission unit, a positioning unit, and a load unit, as follows: Step 1: The drive unit is fixed to the factory floor, and the rotational speed and torque are input to the transmission unit through mechanical transmission; Step 2: The transmission unit, namely the main transmission unit of the reducer, uses the gear transmission ratio to speed up or slow down the transmission unit as required. Step 3: The positioning unit is used to fix the transmission unit, and has the functions of positioning and support, ensuring the stability and reliability of mechanical transmission and the correlation of spatial position; Step 4: The load unit is used to load the transmission unit in order to meet the requirements of the reducer test.

[0080] Optionally, the transmission unit includes: a main speed increaser 3.

[0081] The main speed increaser 3 is used to increase the speed of the drive motor 1 to the rated speed of the type A and type B reducers (products) and transmit torque, so that the input end of the type B reducer (product) matches the input end of the type A reducer (product) exactly with the two output ends of the speed increaser gearbox, so that the type B reducer (product) and the type A reducer (product) can share a drive motor 1, realizing seamless switching of the transmission chain input end.

[0082] Optionally, the transmission unit further includes an intermediate speed increaser 8.

[0083] The intermediate speed increaser 8 is used to increase the speed of the output end of the type A reducer (product) to the input speed of the type C reducer (product) and transmit torque, so that the output end of the type B reducer (product) and the output end of the type C reducer (product) are in the same position and share a load motor 14 with the output end of the type C reducer (product), so as to achieve seamless switching of the transmission chain output end and realize the single-test capability of the type B reducer (product); Optionally, the transmission unit further includes a bearing housing 5.

[0084] The bearing housing 5 is used to stabilize the output end of the main speed-increasing gearbox 3, extend the axial distance of the transmission chain, transmit the rotational speed to the input end of the type A reducer (product) as is, reserve axial space for the installation of the type C reducer (product) after the transmission chain, and complete the connection of the transmission chain with minimal space.

[0085] Optionally, the transmission unit further includes: an A-type reducer replacement gearbox 7 and a C-type reducer replacement gearbox 11.

[0086] The A-type reducer replacement gearbox 7 and the C-type reducer replacement gearbox 11 have the same installation structure and input / output terminals as the reducers (products) on their respective mounting fixtures. They are used to replace their respective reducers (products) in the entire transmission unit to achieve the function of individual testing or joint testing.

[0087] Optionally, the transmission unit further includes a reduction gearbox 12.

[0088] The reduction gearbox 12 is used to reduce the output speed of the C-type reducer (product) to the working speed of the load motor 14 through gear transmission, so that the output end of the entire transmission chain can be smoothly connected to the load unit to achieve load assessment.

[0089] Optionally, the positioning unit includes: a main speed-increasing gearbox bracket 4, an intermediate speed-increasing gearbox bracket 9, a reduction gearbox bracket 13, etc. Each bracket (4 / 9 / 13) is used to fix the transmission unit on the cast iron platform. The structural design ensures that the transmission chain meets the installation requirements in space, and the modal calculation ensures that the fundamental frequency will not resonate with the internal gear shaft when the reducer is working.

[0090] Optionally, the positioning unit may further include: a type A mounting clamp 6, a type B traveling clamp 16, a type C traveling clamp 10, etc. The type A mounting fixture 6 is used to install and fix the type A reducer (product) so that it can participate in the entire transmission unit; the type B accompanying fixture 16 and the type C accompanying fixture 10 are also used to install and fix the type B reducer (product) and the type C reducer (product) respectively, and the two accompanying fixtures have the same interface and have the function of switching between them.

[0091] Optionally, the load unit includes: a load motor 14 and a load motor mounting bracket 15; The load motor 14 is used to load the transmission unit by means of electric power to test the working performance of the entire transmission unit; the load motor mounting bracket 15 is used to install and fix the load motor 14, so that the input end of the load motor 14 is connected to the output end of the transmission unit as a whole to transmit torque.

[0092] Effect: This systematic mechanical structure enables the testing of three types of reducers, promoting multi-purpose functionality and improving the utilization rate of the testing equipment. Adhering to the principle of minimizing model switching, the combined design of the mechanical structure achieves the overlap of the output ends of the B-type reducer and the C-type reducer, enabling rapid model changeover of the test bench through simple switching between the B-type accompanying fixture 16 and the C-type accompanying fixture 10. The design of the intermediate speed-increasing gearbox 8 allows for seamless connection between the output end of the A-type reducer (product) and the input end of the C-type reducer (product), enabling joint testing of both types and improving testing efficiency. The combined design of replacing the gearbox (7 / 11) and accompanying fixture (6 / 10) structures allows for free switching between joint and individual testing of the A-type and C-type reducers (products). The design of the intermediate bearing seat 5 significantly reduces the footprint of the testing equipment's mechanical structure, achieving efficient space utilization.

[0093] Thus, the objective of this invention has been achieved.

[0094] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical structure for a rapid changeover tester for three types of reducers, characterized in that, include: The drive unit, which provides speed and torque input, is fixed to the factory floor; The transmission unit includes a main speed-increasing gearbox, an intermediate speed-increasing gearbox and a reduction gearbox connected in sequence, as well as an A-type reducer replacement gearbox and a C-type reducer replacement gearbox that can be replaced in the transmission path. The main speed increaser has dual outputs, which are used to connect to the inputs of the type A reducer and the type B reducer, respectively. The intermediate speed increaser is located between the output end of the type A reducer and the input end of the type C reducer, and is used to increase the output speed of the type A reducer to the input speed of the type C reducer. The reduction gearbox is located between the output end of the C-type reducer or the B-type reducer and the load unit, and is used to reduce the output speed to the operating speed of the load motor. The type A reducer replacement gearbox and the type C reducer replacement gearbox are structurally identical to the corresponding reducers and are used to replace the corresponding reducers in the test. The positioning unit includes multiple brackets and clamps for fixing the various housings and reducers in the transmission unit and ensuring the spatial positional relationship and structural stability of the transmission chain. The load unit, including the load motor and its mounting bracket, is used to apply load to the transmission unit to achieve performance evaluation of the reducer.

2. The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual output ends of the main speed increaser are spatially aligned with the input ends of the type A reducer and the type B reducer, respectively, so that the two can share the same drive motor and the transmission chain input end can be quickly changed by switching fixtures.

3. The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output end of the intermediate speed increaser is connected to the input end of the C-type reducer, and the output end of the B-type reducer coincides with the output end of the C-type reducer in space, so that the B-type reducer and the C-type reducer can share the same load motor.

4. The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting interfaces of the type A reducer replacement gearbox and the type C reducer replacement gearbox are matched with the type A reducer mounting fixture and the type C reducer accompanying fixture, respectively, so that single reducer tests or combined tests can be achieved by replacing the gearbox during the test.

5. The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning unit also includes brackets for supporting the main speed increaser, intermediate speed increaser and reduction gearbox. Each bracket is designed through modal analysis to avoid resonance in the operating frequency band of the reducer.

6. The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning unit also includes a type A mounting fixture, a type B accompanying fixture, and a type C accompanying fixture, wherein the type B accompanying fixture and the type C accompanying fixture have the same interface structure and can be interchanged for installation.

7. The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester according to claim 6, characterized in that, The load motor in the load unit is an electric power loading motor, and its mounting bracket has a three-dimensional adjustable structure to achieve precise docking with the output end of the transmission system.

8. The mechanical structure of the three-type reducer quick changeover tester according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a bearing housing located between the output end of the main speed increaser and the input end of the type A reducer, which is used to extend the axial distance of the transmission and reserve space for the installation of the type C reducer.

9. A rapid type changeover test method for a three-type reducer, employing the mechanical structure of the tester as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Select the appropriate reducer or alternative gearbox based on the type of reducer to be tested. The components in the transmission chain are fixed by the clamps and brackets in the positioning unit to ensure the alignment of the transmission path; Start the drive unit and input the speed and torque to the transmission unit; The reducer performance is tested by applying a load to the transmission unit using a load cell. When it is necessary to change the test model, the A, B or C type reducer can be quickly changed to a different type by replacing the fixture and / or replacing the gearbox.

10. The rapid changeover test method for three types of reducers according to claim 9, characterized in that, When testing the combined operation of type A and type C reducers, both type A and type C reducers are installed and connected by an intermediate speed-increasing gearbox. When testing type C reducers alone, type A reducers are used to replace the gearbox. When testing type A reducers alone, type C reducers are used to replace the gearbox. When testing type B reducers, they are directly installed on type B traveling fixtures and driven by the other output end of the main speed-increasing gearbox.

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