Mueller matrix imaging system and imaging method

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of imaging, and provides a Mueller matrix imaging system and method.The Mueller matrix imaging system comprises a first linearly polarized light module, a second linearly polarized light module, a third linearly polarized light module, a circularly polarized light module, a light collecting mirror, a spectroscope, a first RGB polarization camera, a second RGB polarization camera and a signal processing unit; the spectroscope is divided into a first light path of a first stage and a second light path of the first stage; the first RGB polarization camera collects an optical signal of a first optical path of the first stage, and the second RGB polarization camera collects an optical signal of a second optical path of the first stage; and the signal processing unit controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light based on the optical signal of the first optical path of the first stage and the optical signal of the second optical path of the first stage, and generates Mueller matrix imaging of the sample based on the full stokes imaging data of different linearly polarized light and the full stokes imaging data of the circularly polarized light. According to the invention, the generation efficiency of Mueller matrix imaging can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of imaging technology, and in particular relates to a Mueller matrix imaging system and imaging method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional imaging methods can only reflect basic information such as the surface intensity and morphology of a sample, and cannot show the deep optical properties such as the differences in the internal microstructure and polarization response of the sample. However, Mueller matrix imaging can transform the microstructure and optical features of the sample that are difficult to perceive intuitively into observable and analyzable imaging results through the analysis and reconstruction of multi-dimensional polarization information, helping users to understand the physical properties and optical principles of the sample more clearly.

[0003] Traditional Mueller matrix measurement methods are mainly divided into two categories: time-division measurement and channel-division measurement. Time-division measurement typically requires continuous rotation or switching of optical elements in the polarization generator and polarization analyzer. This method is simple in principle, but the measurement speed is slow, which is not conducive to improving the generation efficiency of Mueller matrix images of samples. Therefore, how to generate Mueller matrix images of samples has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a Mueller matrix imaging system, aiming to solve the technical problem of how to generate Mueller matrix imaging of samples. In a first aspect, this application provides a Mueller matrix imaging system, which includes a first linearly polarized light module, a second linearly polarized light module, a third linearly polarized light module, a circularly polarized light module, a beam collector, a beam splitter, a first RGB polarization camera, a second RGB polarization camera, and a signal processing unit. The first linearly polarized light module emits the first beam of linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light module emits the second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third linearly polarized light module emits the third beam of linearly polarized light. The beam-collecting lens couples the first, second, and third linearly polarized beams into a composite polarized beam, which is then irradiated onto the sample. The sample generates a first, second, and third optical signal, which are then incident on the beam splitter. The beam splitter divides the first optical signal, the second optical signal, and the third optical signal into the first optical path of the first stage and the second optical path of the first stage. The first RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the first optical path in the first stage, and the second RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the second optical path in the first stage. Based on the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, the signal processing unit controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, the unit generates the Mueller matrix imaging of the sample.

[0005] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a first linearly polarized light module emits a first beam of linearly polarized light, a second linearly polarized light module emits a second beam of linearly polarized light, and a third linearly polarized light module emits a third beam of linearly polarized light, comprising: The first linearly polarized light module emits a first beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens. The second linearly polarized light module emits a second beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens. The third linearly polarized light module emits a third beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the beam splitter divides the first optical signal, the second optical signal, and the third optical signal into a first optical path and a second optical path of the first stage, including: The beam splitter divides the first, second, and third optical signals into a first-stage optical path and a second-stage optical path. The first-stage optical path passes through a quarter-wave plate and is incident on the first RGB polarization camera, while the second-stage optical path is incident on the second RGB polarization camera.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the signal processing unit, based on the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path of the first stage, controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, a Mueller matrix image of the sample is generated, specifically: The signal processing unit processes the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, generates full Stokes imaging data corresponding to the first beam of linearly polarized light, the second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third beam of linearly polarized light, and sends light source turn-off commands to the first linearly polarized light module, the second linearly polarized light module, and the third linearly polarized light module, and sends light source turn-on commands to the circularly polarized light module. The circularly polarized light module emits circularly polarized light according to the light source activation command, and the circularly polarized light is incident on the light collecting lens; The focusing lens illuminates the sample with circularly polarized light, and the sample generates a fourth optical signal; The beam splitter splits the fourth optical signal into a first optical path in the second stage and a second optical path in the second stage. The first optical path in the second stage is incident on the first RGB polarization camera, and the second optical path in the second stage is incident on the second RGB polarization camera. The first RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the first optical path in the second stage, and the second RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the second optical path in the second stage. The signal processing unit processes the optical signals of the first optical path in the second stage and the optical signals of the second optical path in the second stage to generate full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to the first linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light, the third linearly polarized light, and the circularly polarized light, it generates the Mueller matrix image of the sample.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the light-collecting lens is located on the light-emitting side of the first linearly polarized light module, the second linearly polarized light module, the third linearly polarized light module, and the circularly polarized light module.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the beam splitter is located on the light-emitting side of the light-collecting lens.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera are located on the light-emitting side of the beam splitter.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the signal processing unit is connected to a first RGB polarization camera and a second RGB polarization camera.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the first beam of linearly polarized light; The second optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the second beam of linearly polarized light; The third optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the third beam of linearly polarized light; The fourth optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under circularly polarized light illumination.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an imaging method based on a Mueller matrix imaging system, including: The signal processing unit packages the Mueller matrix imaging of the sample and the sample identification to generate the sample imaging data; Read the preset upload time, determine if the current time is the upload time, and if the current time is the upload time, upload the sample's imaging data to the server.

[0014] In the embodiments of this application, the beneficial effects are as follows: Firstly, the signal processing unit, based on the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, it generates the Mueller matrix image of the sample. Since no manual operation is required, the generation time of the Mueller matrix image of the sample is reduced, which is beneficial to improving the generation efficiency of the Mueller matrix image of the sample. Secondly, since the Mueller matrix imaging of automatically generated samples is not affected by human intervention, it is beneficial to improve the reliability of the Mueller matrix imaging of generated samples. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the Mueller matrix imaging system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is an example diagram of the Mueller matrix imaging system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the imaging method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0017] Example 1 Referring to Figure 1, which is a structural block diagram of the Mueller matrix imaging system provided in an embodiment of this application, detailed below: The Mueller matrix imaging system includes a first linearly polarized light module, a second linearly polarized light module, a third linearly polarized light module, a circularly polarized light module, a beam collector, a beam splitter, a first RGB polarized camera, a second RGB polarized camera, and a signal processing unit; The first linearly polarized light module emits the first beam of linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light module emits the second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third linearly polarized light module emits the third beam of linearly polarized light. The beam-collecting lens couples the first, second, and third linearly polarized beams into a composite polarized beam, which is then irradiated onto the sample. The sample generates a first, second, and third optical signal, which are then incident on the beam splitter. The beam splitter divides the first optical signal, the second optical signal, and the third optical signal into the first optical path of the first stage and the second optical path of the first stage. The first RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the first optical path in the first stage, and the second RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the second optical path in the first stage. Based on the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, the signal processing unit controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, the unit generates the Mueller matrix imaging of the sample.

[0018] The first linearly polarized light module emits a first beam of linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light module emits a second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third linearly polarized light module emits a third beam of linearly polarized light, including: The first linearly polarized light module emits a first beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens. The second linearly polarized light module emits a second beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens. The third linearly polarized light module emits a third beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens.

[0019] The beam splitter divides the first optical signal, the second optical signal, and the third optical signal into a first-stage first optical path and a first-stage second optical path, including: The beam splitter divides the first, second, and third optical signals into a first-stage optical path and a second-stage optical path. The first-stage optical path passes through a quarter-wave plate and is incident on the first RGB polarization camera, while the second-stage optical path is incident on the second RGB polarization camera.

[0020] Specifically, the signal processing unit, based on the optical signals from the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, it generates a Mueller matrix image of the sample, specifically: The signal processing unit processes the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, generates full Stokes imaging data corresponding to the first beam of linearly polarized light, the second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third beam of linearly polarized light, and sends light source turn-off commands to the first linearly polarized light module, the second linearly polarized light module, and the third linearly polarized light module, and sends light source turn-on commands to the circularly polarized light module. The circularly polarized light module emits circularly polarized light according to the light source activation command, and the circularly polarized light is incident on the light collecting lens; The focusing lens illuminates the sample with circularly polarized light, and the sample generates a fourth optical signal; The beam splitter splits the fourth optical signal into a first optical path in the second stage and a second optical path in the second stage. The first optical path in the second stage is incident on the first RGB polarization camera, and the second optical path in the second stage is incident on the second RGB polarization camera. The first RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the first optical path in the second stage, and the second RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the second optical path in the second stage. The signal processing unit processes the optical signals of the first optical path in the second stage and the optical signals of the second optical path in the second stage to generate full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to the first linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light, the third linearly polarized light, and the circularly polarized light, it generates the Mueller matrix image of the sample.

[0021] The light-collecting lens is located on the light-emitting side of the first linearly polarized light module, the second linearly polarized light module, the third linearly polarized light module, and the circularly polarized light module.

[0022] The beam splitter is located on the light-emitting side of the light-collecting lens.

[0023] Among them, the light-collecting lens is mainly used to converge and collimate the incident light, organize the diverging light beam into a uniform and directional light path, provide stable illumination conditions for subsequent optical detection or imaging, and ensure efficient transmission of light energy.

[0024] Among them, the beam splitter can decompose a beam of light into multiple beams with different propagation directions or optical properties according to a set ratio or characteristics such as polarization and wavelength, so as to realize the distribution and separation of optical paths and meet the needs of multi-channel signal acquisition, polarization analysis or imaging detection.

[0025] The first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera are located on the light-emitting side of the beam splitter.

[0026] Among them, the first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera are image acquisition devices with dual functions of RGB color imaging and polarization information detection, which can simultaneously acquire the color information and polarization response characteristics of the target.

[0027] The first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera are arranged in different optical paths or at different detection angles. The first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera can synchronously or time-divisionally acquire multi-directional and multi-angle polarization image data of the sample, providing complete and reliable image information for subsequent optical feature reconstruction, thereby improving the accuracy and completeness of the imaging results.

[0028] The signal processing unit is connected to the first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera.

[0029] The first optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the first beam of linearly polarized light; The second optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the second beam of linearly polarized light; The third optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the third beam of linearly polarized light.

[0030] The fourth optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under circularly polarized light illumination; The first, second, and third linearly polarized beams are linearly polarized light with different wavelengths, each possessing a stable polarization state and independent optical properties. These beams can be applied to the sample individually, illuminating it from multiple spectral dimensions to obtain richer and more comprehensive optical feature information, thereby improving the detail and reliability of sample characterization.

[0031] Among them, circularly polarized light is a special type of polarized light. Its electric field vector rotates uniformly around the direction of propagation as the light propagates, forming a circular trajectory in a plane perpendicular to the light path. Compared with linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light has more stable and symmetrical optical properties, which can effectively excite the polarization response of the sample and highlight the birefringence, anisotropy and microstructure information inside the material, making it suitable for imaging detection.

[0032] Among them, Mueller matrix imaging of the sample can obtain polarization optical information of the sample, and intuitively reflect the characteristics that are difficult to characterize by traditional imaging, such as internal stress distribution, microstructure, anisotropy and minute defects. It can provide a reliable basis for material testing, quality control, structural analysis and performance evaluation, and effectively improve the detection accuracy and analysis efficiency.

[0033] The samples include, but are not limited to: optical crystals, polymer materials, semiconductor devices, optical lenses, surface vegetation, soil, and rocks.

[0034] For ease of explanation, the following example is provided: For example, if the sample is an optical crystal, uneven stress may be generated inside the crystal during the manufacturing process due to the manufacturing process. After generating the Mueller matrix image of the crystal, the distribution area, magnitude and variation law of the stress inside the optical crystal can be intuitively presented through the differences in the matrix elements of the image without damaging the optical crystal. Based on the Mueller matrix image, the staff can optimize the manufacturing process, reduce stress defects in the optical crystal, and improve the product quality of the optical crystal.

[0035] For example, if the sample is a polymer material, during the production process, the polymer material is prone to uneven stress and structural orientation due to processes such as melting, cooling, stretching, and molding. Muller matrix imaging of the polymer material can visually present the internal stress distribution, orientation state, and structural uniformity, clearly reflecting subtle defects and regional differences within the polymer material. Based on the imaging results, staff can optimize molding and processing techniques to improve the structural stability and mechanical properties of the polymer material.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the beneficial effects are as follows: Firstly, the signal processing unit, based on the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, it generates the Mueller matrix image of the sample. Since no manual operation is required, the generation time of the Mueller matrix image of the sample is reduced, which is beneficial to improving the generation efficiency of the Mueller matrix image of the sample. Secondly, since the Mueller matrix imaging of automatically generated samples is not affected by human intervention, it is beneficial to improve the reliability of the Mueller matrix imaging of generated samples.

[0037] Example 2 Figure 2 Here is an example diagram of the Mueller matrix imaging system provided in the embodiments of this application, detailed below: The incident light contains four polarization states, three of which are different linearly polarized light and one is circularly polarized light, all of which are generated by independent optical paths.

[0038] The first linearly polarized light module, the second linearly polarized light module, and the third linearly polarized light module are P1, P2, and P3, respectively. Three different linearly polarized lights are generated by different light sources and the first, second, and third linearly polarized light modules.

[0039] Among them, the three different linearly polarized lights are , , ; It is generated using a first light source and a first linearly polarized light module; It is generated using a second light source and a second linearly polarized light module; It is generated using a third light source and a third linearly polarized light module; Circularly polarized light is The circularly polarized light module is P4, and the first quarter-wave plate is R1. Circularly polarized light is generated using circularly polarized light, the circularly polarized light module, and the first quarter-wave plate.

[0040] The light collector is WS1, which couples four beams of light with different polarization states into one incident light path for illumination; The first RGB polarization camera is RGB color polarization camera 1, and the second RGB polarization camera is RGB color polarization camera 2.

[0041] The beam splitter is WS2. The second quarter-wave plate is R2. WS2 splits the detection optical path into two paths: one path passes through the second quarter-wave plate and enters the RGB color polarization camera 1; the other path goes directly into the RGB color polarization camera 2.

[0042] During imaging, firstly, three linearly polarized light paths are simultaneously illuminated, and RGB color polarization camera 1 and RGB color polarization camera 2 simultaneously acquire images; then, after turning off these three light sources, circularly polarized light is turned on for illumination, and RGB color polarization camera 1 and RGB color polarization camera 2 simultaneously acquire images. By separating the RGB channel data of the color polarization camera, full Stokes imaging under four different incident polarization states can be obtained, thereby generating Mueller matrix imaging of the sample.

[0043] Example 3 refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the imaging method provided in this application, detailed below: S301, the signal processing unit packages the Mueller matrix imaging of the sample and the sample identification to generate the sample imaging data; S301: Read the preset upload time, determine if the current time is the upload time, and if the current time is the upload time, upload the sample's imaging data to the server.

[0044] Read the preset upload time, determine if the current time is the upload time, and if so, upload the sample's imaging data to the server, including: Read the preset upload time, determine if the current time is the upload time, and if the current time is the upload time, upload the sample's imaging data to the server through the preset network, which includes WIFI network and Ethernet network.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, the imaging data of the sample is sent to the server through the storage engine of the database, which avoids the management chaos caused by the scattered storage of the imaging data of the sample and greatly improves the retrieval efficiency of the imaging data of the sample.

[0046] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that this application can be implemented using software plus necessary general-purpose hardware. The program can be stored in a readable storage medium, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, executes the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0047] The foregoing description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate embodiments of this disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural, logical, electrical, procedural, and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the order of operation may vary. Parts and sub-samples of some embodiments may be included in or replace parts and sub-samples of other embodiments. Moreover, the terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the claims.

[0048] In this document, each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments, and similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. For methods, products, etc., disclosed in the embodiments, if they correspond to the method section disclosed in the embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method section.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the range of values ​​of the embodiments of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than that shown in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. In the descriptions corresponding to the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings, the operations or steps corresponding to different blocks may also occur in a different order than disclosed in the description, and sometimes there is no specific order between different operations or steps. For example, two consecutive operations or steps may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. Each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. Furthermore, any software tools or components not belonging to this company that appear in the embodiments of this application are merely illustrative examples and do not represent actual use.

Claims

1. A Mueller matrix imaging system, characterized in that, The Mueller matrix imaging system includes a first linearly polarized light module, a second linearly polarized light module, a third linearly polarized light module, a circularly polarized light module, a beam collector, a beam splitter, a first RGB polarized camera, a second RGB polarized camera, and a signal processing unit; The first linearly polarized light module emits the first beam of linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light module emits the second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third linearly polarized light module emits the third beam of linearly polarized light. The beam-collecting lens couples the first, second, and third linearly polarized beams into a composite polarized beam, which is then irradiated onto the sample. The sample generates a first, second, and third optical signal, which are then incident on the beam splitter. The beam splitter divides the first optical signal, the second optical signal, and the third optical signal into the first optical path of the first stage and the second optical path of the first stage. The first RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the first optical path in the first stage, and the second RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the second optical path in the first stage. Based on the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, the signal processing unit controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, the unit generates the Mueller matrix imaging of the sample.

2. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first linearly polarized light module emits a first beam of linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light module emits a second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third linearly polarized light module emits a third beam of linearly polarized light, including: The first linearly polarized light module emits a first beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens. The second linearly polarized light module emits a second beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens. The third linearly polarized light module emits a third beam of linearly polarized light, which is incident on the condenser lens.

3. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The beam splitter divides the first optical signal, the second optical signal, and the third optical signal into a first-stage first optical path and a first-stage second optical path, including: The beam splitter divides the first, second, and third optical signals into a first-stage optical path and a second-stage optical path. The first-stage optical path passes through a quarter-wave plate and is incident on the first RGB polarization camera, while the second-stage optical path is incident on the second RGB polarization camera.

4. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the optical signals from the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, the signal processing unit controls the circularly polarized light module to emit circularly polarized light in a predefined manner. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to different linearly polarized light and the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light, the unit generates a Mueller matrix image of the sample, specifically: The signal processing unit processes the optical signals of the first optical path and the second optical path in the first stage, generates full Stokes imaging data corresponding to the first beam of linearly polarized light, the second beam of linearly polarized light, and the third beam of linearly polarized light, and sends light source turn-off commands to the first linearly polarized light module, the second linearly polarized light module, and the third linearly polarized light module, and sends light source turn-on commands to the circularly polarized light module. The circularly polarized light module emits circularly polarized light according to the light source activation command, and the circularly polarized light is incident on the light collecting lens; The focusing lens illuminates the sample with circularly polarized light, and the sample generates a fourth optical signal. The beam splitter splits the fourth optical signal into a first optical path in the second stage and a second optical path in the second stage. The first optical path in the second stage is incident on the first RGB polarization camera, and the second optical path in the second stage is incident on the second RGB polarization camera. The first RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the first optical path in the second stage, and the second RGB polarization camera collects the optical signal of the second optical path in the second stage. The signal processing unit processes the optical signals of the first optical path in the second stage and the optical signals of the second optical path in the second stage to generate full Stokes imaging data corresponding to circularly polarized light. Based on the full Stokes imaging data corresponding to the first linearly polarized light, the second linearly polarized light, the third linearly polarized light, and the circularly polarized light, it generates the Mueller matrix image of the sample.

5. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The light-collecting lens is located on the light-emitting side of the first linearly polarized light module, the second linearly polarized light module, the third linearly polarized light module, and the circularly polarized light module.

6. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The beam splitter is located on the light-emitting side of the condenser.

7. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera are located on the light-emitting side of the beam splitter.

8. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal processing unit is connected to the first RGB polarization camera and the second RGB polarization camera.

9. The Mueller matrix imaging system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the first beam of linearly polarized light; The second optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the second beam of linearly polarized light; The third optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under the illumination of the third beam of linearly polarized light; The fourth optical signal is the optical signal reflected by the sample under circularly polarized light illumination.

10. An imaging method based on the Mueller matrix imaging system of claim 1, characterized in that, include: The signal processing unit packages the Mueller matrix imaging of the sample and the sample identification to generate the sample imaging data; Read the preset upload time, determine if the current time is the upload time, and if the current time is the upload time, upload the sample's imaging data to the server.

Images