Insulator pollution degree testing system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a system and a method for testing the pollution degree of an insulator. The system comprises a first control module, a pollution accumulation simulation module and a plurality of electrode measurement sensors, the electrode measurement sensors are used for being deployed at different point positions on the surface of an insulator; the first control module is respectively connected with the dirt accumulation simulation module and each electrode measurement sensor; the first control module is used for controlling the dirt deposition simulation module to simulate the dirt deposition condition of the insulator, acquiring the electric signals collected by the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is in the dirt deposition condition, determining the conductivity of different point positions on the surface of the insulator according to the electric signals, and outputting the conductivity of the insulator. And according to the conductivity of the different point positions on the surface of the insulator, the pollution degree test of the different point positions under the pollution accumulation condition is completed, and the measurement of the different point positions on the surface of the insulator can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of insulator testing technology, and in particular to an insulator pollution degree testing system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In power transmission systems, transmission lines are the critical channels for transmitting electrical energy, and insulators play a vital role in these systems. During the long-term operation of transmission lines, contaminants accumulate on the surface of insulators. The presence of these contaminants negatively impacts insulator performance, accelerating aging and damage. Therefore, testing the contamination level of insulators is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, insulator contamination is typically tested by measuring the average equivalent salt density (ESDD) and ash density (NSDD) of the entire insulator. This method fails to capture the differences in contamination accumulation at different locations on the insulator surface (such as the edges of the skirts, near the iron cap, and in uneven areas of the porcelain components), making it difficult to assess the impact of extremely uneven contamination on the external insulation performance of the insulator. For example, traditional methods obtain average values ​​through cumbersome processes such as cleaning, collecting contaminants, filtering, and drying, neglecting the risk points of locally highly contaminated areas.

[0004] This section is intended to provide background or context for the embodiments of the invention set forth in the claims. The description herein is not an admission that it is prior art simply because it is included in this section. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address at least one problem in the prior art, this application proposes an insulator pollution degree testing system and method, which can measure the pollution degree at different points on the surface of the insulator.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides an insulator pollution degree testing system, including: a first control module, a pollution accumulation simulation module, and multiple electrode measurement sensors; Each of the electrode measurement sensors is deployed at different points on the surface of the insulator; the first control module is connected to the dirt accumulation simulation module and each of the electrode measurement sensors respectively. The first control module is used to control the pollution accumulation simulation module to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the insulator. When the insulator is under the pollution accumulation conditions, it acquires the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors, determines the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator based on the electrical signals, and completes the pollution degree test of different points under the pollution accumulation conditions based on the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator.

[0007] In one embodiment, the contamination simulation module includes: an extreme contamination simulation module, an initial contamination simulation module, and a general contamination simulation module; The extreme contamination simulation module includes: a controllable environment chamber, a humidity control device, a temperature regulation device, and a wind speed regulation device installed in the controllable environment chamber; the controllable environment chamber is also used to house the insulator; the extreme contamination simulation module is used to simulate contamination conditions in extreme environments. The initial contamination simulation module includes: a dust dispersion chamber, an ultrasonic atomizer and a dust generator disposed in the dust dispersion chamber; the dust dispersion chamber is also used to accommodate the insulator; the initial contamination simulation module is used to simulate the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment; The general pollution accumulation simulation module includes: an environmental simulation chamber, a temperature and humidity control system and a wind speed simulation device installed in the environmental simulation chamber, and the dust dispersion chamber is also used to accommodate the insulator; the general pollution accumulation simulation module is used to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment.

[0008] In one embodiment, the insulator pollution test system further includes: an AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generator; The AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generating device includes: a half-wave voltage multiplier circuit and a microcontroller; The first control module, microcontroller, half-wave voltage multiplier circuit and electrode measurement sensor are connected in sequence.

[0009] In one embodiment, the insulator pollution test system further includes: a signal amplifier; The first control module is connected to each of the electrode measurement sensors via the signal amplifier.

[0010] In one embodiment, The wind speed simulation device includes: a second control module, a first variable frequency fan, a flow guiding system, and a first wind speed sensor, all connected to the second control module; The humidity control device includes: a third control module, an ultrasonic atomizer, a dehumidifier, and a humidity sensor connected to it respectively; The temperature regulation device includes: a fourth control module, a semiconductor cooling chip and a heating wire respectively connected thereto; The wind speed regulation device includes: a fifth control module, a second variable frequency fan, a guide plate, a second wind speed sensor, and a frequency converter, all connected to it. The second to fifth control modules are respectively connected to the first control module.

[0011] In one embodiment, each of the electrode measurement sensors includes four needle-shaped electrodes, each of which is connected to the first control module.

[0012] Secondly, this application provides a method for testing the pollution level of an insulator, implemented using the aforementioned insulator pollution testing system. The method includes: The pollution accumulation simulation module is controlled to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the insulator, and when the insulator is under the pollution accumulation conditions, the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are acquired. The conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator is determined based on the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measuring sensors. Based on the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator, the pollution level test at different points under the pollution accumulation condition is completed.

[0013] In one embodiment, determining the conductivity at different points on the insulator surface based on the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measuring sensors includes: The conductivity of the insulator surface at the location where the electrode measurement sensor is deployed is determined based on the four-electrode method and the electrical signals acquired by each of the electrode measurement sensors.

[0014] In one embodiment, acquiring the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is under the contamination condition includes: The insulator is placed in an environmental simulation chamber, and the temperature and humidity control system and wind speed simulation device in the general pollution accumulation simulation module are controlled to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. Correspondingly, completing the dirtiness test at different points under the conditions of dirt accumulation includes: completing the dirtiness test at different points under the conditions of dirt accumulation in the daily operating environment.

[0015] In one embodiment, acquiring the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is under the contamination condition includes: The insulator is placed in the dust dispersion chamber, and the ultrasonic atomizer and dust generator in the initial contamination simulation module are used to simulate the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. Correspondingly, completing the soiling test at different points under the soiling conditions includes: completing the soiling test at different points under the soiling conditions of the initial exposure environment.

[0016] In one embodiment, acquiring the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is under the contamination condition includes: The insulator is placed in a controlled indoor environment, and the humidity control device, temperature regulation device and wind speed regulation device in the extreme pollution accumulation simulation module are used to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the extreme environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. Correspondingly, completing the dirtiness test at different locations under the aforementioned dirt accumulation conditions includes: completing the dirtiness test at different locations under the aforementioned extreme environmental dirt accumulation conditions.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application provides an insulator pollution degree testing system and method. The system includes: multiple electrode measurement sensors deployed at different points on the insulator surface; a pollution accumulation simulation module for simulating pollution conditions on the insulator; and a first control module connected to each of the electrode measurement sensors, used to acquire electrical signals collected by each electrode measurement sensor when the insulator is under the pollution conditions, determine the conductivity at different points on the insulator surface based on the electrical signals, and complete the pollution degree test at different points under the pollution conditions based on the conductivity at different points on the insulator surface, enabling measurement at different points on the insulator surface. Specifically, it is beneficial for evaluating the impact of extremely uneven pollution accumulation on the external insulation performance of the insulator and considering the risk points of locally high-pollution areas. The conductivity can be measured using the four-electrode method. Combined with a half-wave voltage multiplier circuit, a bridge resistivity measurement circuit, and multiple independent test channels in the pollution test unit, the four-electrode method can avoid the influence of electrode polarization. Compared with the traditional two-electrode method, the measurement error is reduced from ±5% to ±1%. It is suitable for the accurate detection of trace amounts of pollution (such as salt density below 0.01 mg / cm²). At the same time, with the electrode measurement sensors deployed at different points on the insulator surface, parallel measurement at different points on the insulator surface can be achieved, and local differences in pollution distribution (such as differences in pollution accumulation at the edge of the skirt, near the iron cap, and in the concave and convex areas of the porcelain component) can be captured. The pollution accumulation simulation module can be divided into three categories: initial, extreme, and general, covering conditions such as high humidity, extreme temperature, and strong wind. It can reproduce extreme scenarios such as coastal salt spray (humidity 90%RH + temperature 35℃ + wind speed 8m / s) and northern freezing (humidity 85%RH + temperature -15℃ + wind speed 5m / s), improving the consistency between test results and actual operating environment. At the same time, the quantitative control parameters make the test conditions repeatable. For example, by adjusting the dust generator particle size (0.1μm-100μm) and airflow velocity (0.01m / s-1m / s), the pollution deposition characteristics of different regions (such as industrial dust areas and saline-alkali farmland areas) can be simulated for testing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a first structural block diagram of the insulator pollution test system in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dirt accumulation simulation module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a second structural block diagram of the insulator pollution test system in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a third structural block diagram of the insulator pollution test system in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is the fourth structural block diagram of the insulator pollution test system in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the insulator pollution test method in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Symbol explanation: 1. First control module; 2. Sewage accumulation simulation module; 21. Extreme Contamination Simulation Module; 210. Controlled environment room; 211. Humidity control device; 212. Temperature control device; 213. Wind speed regulation device; 22. Initial Sewage Accumulation Simulation Module; 220. Dust dispersion chamber; 221. Ultrasonic atomizer; 222. Dust generator; 23. General Sewage Accumulation Simulation Module; 230. Environmental simulation chamber; 231. Temperature and humidity combined control system; 232. Wind speed simulation device; 3. Electrode measurement sensor; 4. AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generator; 41. Microcontroller; 42. Half-wave voltage multiplier circuit; 5. Signal amplifier. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] The following examples illustrate this in detail.

[0022] Firstly, such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to achieve measurement at different points on the surface of an insulator, this application provides an insulator pollution degree testing system, including: a first control module 1, a pollution accumulation simulation module 2, and multiple electrode measurement sensors 3; each of the electrode measurement sensors 3 is deployed at different points on the surface of the insulator; the first control module 1 is connected to the pollution accumulation simulation module 2 and each of the electrode measurement sensors 3 respectively; the first control module 1 is used to control the pollution accumulation simulation module 2 to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the insulator, and when the insulator is under the pollution accumulation conditions, acquire the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors 3, determine the conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator based on the electrical signals, and complete the pollution degree test at different points under the pollution accumulation conditions based on the conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator.

[0023] Specifically, the first control module 1 can be a controller; the electrode measurement sensor 3 can include four needle-shaped electrodes, each of which is connected to the first control module 1. The four needle-shaped electrodes can be arranged in a rectangular shape, made of stainless steel, and plated with platinum to enhance conductivity and corrosion resistance.

[0024] Specifically, the first control module 1 can acquire the electrical signal collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors 3; determine the conductivity of the point where the electrode measurement sensor 3 is deployed based on the electrical signal collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors 3; and complete the dirtiness test of the point under the dirt accumulation condition based on the conductivity of each point.

[0025] Traditional testing methods can only simulate normal temperature and humidity environments, failing to cover extreme pollution scenarios such as high humidity in coastal areas, low temperature freezing, and industrial dust areas. The test results have low consistency with actual operating environments (approximately 60%), making it difficult to assess the pollution characteristics of insulators under complex operating conditions. Therefore, to simulate the pollution deposition characteristics of different regions, tests are conducted, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the dirt accumulation simulation module 2 includes: an extreme dirt accumulation simulation module 21, an initial dirt accumulation simulation module 22, and a general dirt accumulation simulation module 23.

[0026] The extreme contamination simulation module 21 includes: a controllable environment chamber 210, a humidity control device 211, a temperature regulation device 212 and a wind speed regulation device 213 disposed in the controllable environment chamber 210, and the controllable environment chamber 210 is also used to accommodate the insulator; the extreme contamination simulation module 21 is used to simulate contamination conditions in extreme environments.

[0027] The initial contamination simulation module 22 includes: a dust dispersion chamber 220, an ultrasonic atomizer 221 and a dust generator 222 disposed in the dust dispersion chamber 220; the dust dispersion chamber 220 is also used to accommodate the insulator; the initial contamination simulation module 22 is used to simulate the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment.

[0028] The general pollution accumulation simulation module 23 includes: an environmental simulation chamber 230, a temperature and humidity joint control system 231 and a wind speed simulation device 232 installed in the environmental simulation chamber 230, and the dust dispersion chamber 220 is also used to accommodate the insulator; the general pollution accumulation simulation module 23 is used to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment.

[0029] Specifically, the humidity control device 211, temperature regulation device 212, wind speed regulation device 213, ultrasonic atomizer 221, dust generator 222, temperature and humidity joint control system 231, and wind speed simulation device 232 can be connected to the first control module 1 respectively.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the insulator pollution test system further includes: an AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generator 4; the AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generator 4 includes: a half-wave voltage multiplier circuit 42 and a microcontroller 41; the first control module 1, the microcontroller 41, the half-wave voltage multiplier circuit 42 and the electrode measurement sensor 3 are connected in sequence.

[0031] Specifically, the first control module 1 can convert the electrical signal into a digital signal, and use the microcontroller to determine the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator based on the digital signal.

[0032] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the insulator pollution test system further includes: a signal amplifier 5; the first control module 1 is connected to each of the electrode measurement sensors 3 via the signal amplifier 5.

[0033] In one embodiment, the wind speed simulation device 232 includes: a second control module, a first variable frequency fan, a flow guiding system, and a first wind speed sensor, all connected to it; the humidity control device 211 includes: a third control module, an ultrasonic atomizer 221, a dehumidifier, and a humidity sensor, all connected to it; the temperature regulation device 212 includes: a fourth control module, a semiconductor cooling chip, and a heating wire, all connected to it; the wind speed regulation device 213 includes: a fifth control module, a second variable frequency fan, a flow guiding plate, a second wind speed sensor, and a frequency converter, all connected to it; the second to fifth control modules are respectively connected to the first control module 1.

[0034] Specifically, the second to fifth control modules can all be controllers, the first variable frequency fan is the variable frequency fan in the wind speed simulation device 232, the first wind speed sensor is the wind speed sensor in the wind speed simulation device 232, the second variable frequency fan is the variable frequency fan in the wind speed regulation device 213, and the second wind speed sensor is the wind speed sensor in the wind speed regulation device 213.

[0035] To further illustrate this solution, the present invention provides an application example of an insulator pollution testing system. In this application example, the insulator pollution testing system includes: The system includes a signal amplifier, a data storage module, a first control module, a display module, and pollution testing units arranged at different locations on the insulator. The pollution testing units are used to collect pollution information from specific areas on the surface of the insulator. Each pollution testing unit is connected to the signal amplifier. The first control module is connected to the signal amplifier, the data storage module, and the display module.

[0036] Specifically, the pollution testing unit includes multiple independent test channels, each equipped with an independent electrode measurement sensor for independently testing the pollution distribution at different locations on a single insulator sheet. A four-electrode method can be used, utilizing the electrode measurement sensors to measure the surface conductivity of the insulator. These electrode measurement sensors can be connected to an AC intermediate frequency high-voltage signal generator. A signal amplifier can receive and amplify the weak signal collected by the electrode measurement sensors before transmitting it to the first control module. The data storage module can be a memory for storing data.

[0037] Specifically, the four-pin electrode of the electrode measurement sensor can eliminate contact resistance interference. The four probes are arranged at equal intervals. The outer probes (1 and 4) carry a constant current, while the inner probes (2 and 3) extract the potential difference signal, avoiding the influence of contact resistance between the probes and the sample in the two-pin method. The electrical signal output by the electrode measurement sensor is the potential difference signal. The Wheatstone bridge is responsible for high-precision detection of potential balance—the inner probes (2 and 3) of the four-pin method are connected to one arm of the bridge. By adjusting a known standard resistor, the bridge is brought to a balanced state, indirectly and accurately measuring the potential difference V between the inner probes, avoiding drift errors when directly measuring weak signals with a voltmeter. The potential difference signal can be amplified by a signal amplifier and transmitted to the first controller. The first controller converts it into a digital signal and sends it to the microcontroller, which calculates the conductivity.

[0038] Specifically, the AC intermediate frequency high-voltage signal generator employs a half-wave voltage multiplier circuit, combined with a bridge resistivity measurement circuit to achieve conductivity measurement. The half-wave voltage multiplier circuit can be composed of a transformer T1, rectifier diodes D1-D4, and a filter capacitor C1, and can generate a 1kHz AC signal with a peak value of 1000V. The half-wave voltage multiplier circuit can be controlled by a microcontroller (such as an STM32F103) to achieve precise adjustment of the signal frequency and voltage.

[0039] Furthermore, the electrode measurement sensor contains four needle-shaped electrodes arranged in a rectangular pattern (5mm x 5mm spacing), made of stainless steel, with a platinum plating on the surface to enhance conductivity and corrosion resistance.

[0040] Specifically, a Wheatstone bridge structure is adopted, with a reference resistor R0 being a 1kΩ precision resistor. The measuring arm is connected to the equivalent resistance Rx of the insulator surface, and the voltage difference is amplified by an operational amplifier (such as OP07), achieving an accuracy of 0.1Ω. The half-wave voltage multiplier circuit can dynamically adjust the output voltage to serve as a constant current source applied to the outer probes (1 and 4) of the four-pin electrode.

[0041] Furthermore, the electrode array is attached to the surface of the insulator, and the AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generator outputs a 1kHz AC signal to the two outer electrodes, while the two inner electrodes collect the voltage signal.

[0042] Specifically, the Wheatstone bridge circuit calculates the resistance value. Rx According to the formula ( K (This is the electrode constant, determined through calibration), converting the resistance value into conductivity. .

[0043] Specifically, the signal amplifier receives the potential difference signal at a sampling frequency of 10kHz, and after being amplified by the signal amplifier (gain of 40dB), it is transmitted to the first control module. The first control module has a built-in A / D chip, which converts the signal into a digital signal at a sampling frequency of 10kHz and transmits it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is used to calculate the conductivity.

[0044] The first control module may include a communication interface for unified management of the operating logic of the pollution test unit, signal amplifier, data storage module, and display module, coordinating the collaborative work of each module according to a preset process, and transmitting data with external devices to achieve real-time uploading of measurement data and reception of remote control commands.

[0045] The display module may include an alarm module for displaying detection results and triggering an alarm signal when the detection result is abnormal. The display module may include a display screen and a sound player.

[0046] The soiling test unit may further include: the soiling simulation module, which is divided into an initial soiling simulation module, a general soiling simulation module, and an extreme soiling simulation module. Specifically, the soiling test unit has soiling simulation modules on multiple independent test channels, which are divided into initial soiling simulation modules, general soiling simulation modules, and extreme soiling simulation modules.

[0047] The extreme contamination simulation module includes: a sealed and insulated controllable environment chamber, which is equipped with a humidity control device, a temperature regulation device for a dual-cycle cooling and heating system, and a wind speed regulation device with a variable frequency fan and a flow guiding system, to simulate natural contamination conditions such as high humidity, extreme temperature and strong wind. The initial contamination simulation module includes a dust dispersion chamber, which is equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer and a dust generator to simulate the contamination process of the insulator in its initial exposure environment. A typical pollution accumulation simulation module includes an environmental simulation chamber, which is equipped with a temperature and humidity control system and a wind speed simulation device to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions in the daily operating environment of insulators.

[0048] Preferably, the wind speed simulation device may include: a variable frequency fan for generating an adjustable wind speed of 0.1 m / s to 15 m / s; a flow guiding system for uniformly distributing airflow, the flow guiding system including at least 3 sets of flow guides with an inclination angle of 15° to 30°; and a wind speed sensor for real-time monitoring of wind speed with an accuracy of ±0.5 m / s.

[0049] Humidity control device: It adopts an ultrasonic atomizer (power 50W) in conjunction with a dehumidifier (dehumidification capacity 10L / h), with a humidity control range of 10%RH-95%RH and an accuracy of ±1%RH.

[0050] A humidity sensor (Honeywell HIH-4000) provides real-time feedback, adjusting the atomizer and dehumidifier's operating status via a PID algorithm. The temperature control system, a dual-cycle cooling and heating system, consists of a semiconductor cooling chip (TEC1-12706) and a heating wire (200W), with a temperature range of -20℃ to 80℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃. A temperature control chip (DS18B20) monitors the temperature in real-time and controls the cooling / heating power via a PWM signal.

[0051] Wind speed regulation device: Variable frequency fan (air volume 0-500m³ / h) with guide vane, wind speed regulation range 0.1m / s-15m / s, accuracy ±0.5m / s. Wind speed sensor (TSI9565) feeds back data, and the fan speed is adjusted through frequency converter (ACS550).

[0052] By adjusting the dust generator particle size (0.1μm-100μm) and airflow velocity (0.01m / s-1m / s), the dust generator can simulate the pollution deposition characteristics of different regions (such as industrial dust areas and saline-alkali farmland areas) for testing.

[0053] As a preferred option, the high humidity and extreme temperature scenario is set with a humidity of 90%RH, a temperature of 80℃, and a wind speed of 10m / s to simulate the strong wind and pollution accumulation environment in hot and humid coastal areas. The low temperature and freezing scenario is set with a humidity of 85%RH, a temperature of -15℃, and a wind speed of 5m / s to simulate the icy and pollution accumulation environment in northern winters.

[0054] Furthermore, the contamination testing unit may also include: a quantitative humidification device, which uses an ultrasonic cold mist generator in conjunction with a flow sensor to control the amount of humidified water and the time, and achieves sealing through a spring-loaded contact device and sealing rubber along the pipe edge to ensure humidification effect.

[0055] Specifically, after contamination accumulates on the surface of the insulator, quantitative humidification is used to ionize the contaminants, thereby measuring the surface conductivity. The quantitative humidification device consists of an ultrasonic atomizing pipe located above the four-pin electrodes and a pipe sealing device around the four-ring electrodes. The quantitative humidification device includes an ultrasonic cold fog generator, a flow sensor, and pipes. The ultrasonic cold fog generator can be located outside the contamination simulation module, delivering atomized material to the insulator surface being measured through the pipes.

[0056] As a preferred option, the ultrasonic cold fog generator features an atomizing plate with a frequency of 1.7MHz and an atomization rate of 500ml / h. With a 3L water tank, it can operate continuously for 6 hours. A flow sensor (YF-S401) monitors the water flow in real time with an accuracy of ±1ml / min. The sealing structure utilizes a compression spring (5N-10N) to press the sealing plate firmly against the insulator surface. The sealing rubber along the pipe edge can be made of silicone rubber (Shore hardness 50A) with a U-shaped cross-section to ensure leak-free humidification. The microcontroller (Arduino Uno) can calculate the required water volume based on a preset humidity value (e.g., 60%RH) and control the atomizer's operating time (error ±5s). The pressure of the spring-loaded sealing device can be adjusted using an adjusting nut (1mm pitch) to ensure proper contact between the sealing plate and the insulator surface, preventing moisture leakage.

[0057] Secondly, in order to achieve measurement at different points on the insulator surface, this application provides an insulator pollution degree testing method, implemented using the aforementioned insulator pollution degree testing system. The executing entity can be the first control module, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes: Step 100: Control the pollution accumulation simulation module to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the insulator, and when the insulator is under the pollution accumulation conditions, acquire the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors.

[0058] Step 200: Determine the conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator based on the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measuring sensors.

[0059] Step 300: Based on the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator, complete the pollution degree test at different points under the pollution accumulation conditions.

[0060] In one embodiment, step 200 includes: Step 201: Determine the conductivity of the location on the insulator surface where the electrode measurement sensor is deployed based on the four-electrode method and the electrical signals collected by each electrode measurement sensor.

[0061] In one embodiment, step 100 includes: The insulator is placed in an environmental simulation chamber, and the temperature and humidity control system and wind speed simulation device in the general pollution accumulation simulation module are controlled to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained; correspondingly, step 300, which involves completing the pollution degree test at different points under the pollution accumulation conditions, includes: completing the pollution degree test at different points under the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment.

[0062] In one embodiment, step 100 includes: The insulator is placed in the dust dispersion chamber, and the ultrasonic atomizer and dust generator in the initial contamination simulation module are used to simulate the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment to obtain the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors; correspondingly, step 300, which involves completing the contamination degree test at different points under the contamination conditions, includes: completing the contamination degree test at different points under the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment.

[0063] In one embodiment, step 100 includes: The insulator is placed in a controlled indoor environment, and the humidity control device, temperature regulation device and wind speed regulation device in the extreme pollution accumulation simulation module are used to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the extreme environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained; correspondingly, step 300, which involves completing the pollution degree test at different points under the pollution accumulation conditions, includes: completing the pollution degree test at different points under the pollution accumulation conditions of the extreme environment.

[0064] Furthermore, in order to achieve parallel testing of insulator pollution levels under different pollution accumulation conditions, in one embodiment, step 100 may include: Step 101: Control the pollution accumulation simulation module to simulate different pollution accumulation conditions on the insulator. When the insulator is under different pollution accumulation conditions, acquire the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors. Correspondingly, Step 200 may include: determining the conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator under each of the electrode measurement sensors based on the electrical signals collected under each type of contamination condition.

[0065] Step 300 may include: performing a pollution degree test at different points on the insulator surface under each pollution condition based on the conductivity of the different points under each pollution condition.

[0066] The insulator may include: a first insulator, a first insulator, and a first insulator; the first insulator, the first insulator, and the first insulator are insulators with the same structure, material, and model; step 101 may include: The first insulator is placed in the environmental simulation chamber, and the temperature and humidity joint control system and wind speed simulation device in the general pollution accumulation simulation module are controlled to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. The second insulator is placed in the dust dispersion chamber, and the ultrasonic atomizer and dust generator in the initial contamination simulation module are used to simulate the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. The third insulator is placed in a controlled indoor environment. The humidity control device, temperature regulation device and wind speed regulation device in the extreme pollution accumulation simulation module are used to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the extreme environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained.

[0067] To further illustrate this solution, this application provides an application example of an insulator pollution degree testing method. In this application example, the method includes: S1: Multiple independent pollution accumulation simulation modules are used to simulate different natural pollution accumulation conditions, and the test channel independently tests the pollution distribution at different parts of the insulator piece. S2: The electrode measurement sensor measures the potential difference signal of the insulator under different natural pollution conditions and transmits the potential difference signal to the signal amplifier in real time; S3: The signal amplifier acquires the potential difference signal at a sampling frequency of not less than 10kHz; the potential difference signal is then amplified and sent to the first control module. S4: The first control module identifies the pollution characteristics of the insulator, such as its conductivity.

[0068] Specifically, S1 may include: initializing independent test channels: starting multiple independent test channels, positioning different parts of the insulator with electrode measurement sensors, loading the test environment with the pollution accumulation simulation module, and simulating initial / normal / extreme pollution accumulation conditions; S2 may include: real-time pollution degree measurement: collecting conductivity data with electrode measurement sensors, measuring with a four-electrode method in conjunction with a half-wave voltage multiplier circuit, and transmitting the data to the signal amplifier in real time; S3 may include: high-frequency data acquisition: amplifying weak signals with the signal amplifier, acquiring data at a sampling frequency of not less than 10kHz; transmitting the data to the first control module; S4 may include: data analysis and identification: the first control module filters the data, analyzes the pollution characteristics, generates test results, synchronizes the data to the display module, and if the test results are abnormal, the alarm module triggers an alarm; if the test results are normal, the display module displays the normal results.

[0069] To enable measurements at different points on the insulator surface, this application provides an embodiment of an insulator pollution degree testing device for implementing all or part of the aforementioned insulator pollution degree testing method. The insulator pollution degree testing device specifically includes the following components: The acquisition module is used to control the pollution accumulation simulation module to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the insulator, and to acquire the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is under the pollution accumulation conditions.

[0070] The determination module is used to determine the conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator based on the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors.

[0071] The testing module is used to perform pollution level tests at different points on the surface of the insulator under the pollution accumulation conditions, based on the conductivity of different points.

[0072] The embodiments of the insulator pollution degree testing device provided in this specification can be used to execute the processing flow of the embodiments of the above-described insulator pollution degree testing method. Its functions will not be repeated here, but can be referred to the detailed description of the embodiments of the above-described insulator pollution degree testing method.

[0073] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the insulator pollution test method.

[0074] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the insulator pollution test method.

[0075] This invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the insulator pollution test method.

[0076] As can be seen from the above description, the insulator pollution testing system and method provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. The four-electrode method is used to measure conductivity. Combined with a half-wave voltage multiplier circuit, a bridge resistivity measurement circuit, and multiple independent test channels of the pollution test unit, the four-electrode method can avoid the influence of electrode polarization. Compared with the traditional two-electrode method, the measurement error is reduced from ±5% to ±1%. It is suitable for the accurate detection of trace pollution (such as salt density below 0.01mg / cm²). At the same time, the multiple independent test channels of the pollution test unit enable parallel measurement at different points on the insulator surface, which can capture local pollution distribution differences (such as pollution accumulation at the edge of the skirt or near the iron cap).

[0077] 2. The pollution accumulation simulation module is divided into three categories: initial, extreme, and general, covering conditions such as high humidity, extreme temperature, and strong wind. It reproduces extreme scenarios such as coastal salt spray (humidity 90%RH + temperature 35℃ + wind speed 8m / s) and northern freezing (humidity 85%RH + temperature -15℃ + wind speed 5m / s), improving the consistency between test results and actual operating environment. At the same time, the quantitative control parameters make the test conditions repeatable. For example, by adjusting the dust generator particle size (0.1μm-100μm) and airflow velocity (0.01m / s-1m / s), the pollution deposition characteristics of different regions (such as industrial dust areas and saline-alkali farmland areas) can be simulated for testing.

[0078] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An insulator pollution degree testing system, characterized in that, include: The first control module, the contamination simulation module, and multiple electrode measurement sensors; Each of the aforementioned electrode measurement sensors is used to be deployed at different points on the surface of the insulator; The first control module is connected to the dirt accumulation simulation module and each of the electrode measurement sensors respectively; The first control module is used to control the pollution accumulation simulation module to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the insulator. When the insulator is under the pollution accumulation conditions, it acquires the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors, determines the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator based on the electrical signals, and completes the pollution degree test of different points under the pollution accumulation conditions based on the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator.

2. The insulator pollution testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contamination simulation module includes: an extreme contamination simulation module, an initial contamination simulation module, and a general contamination simulation module; The extreme contamination simulation module includes: a controllable environment chamber, a humidity control device, a temperature regulation device, and a wind speed regulation device installed in the controllable environment chamber; the controllable environment chamber is also used to house the insulator; the extreme contamination simulation module is used to simulate contamination conditions in extreme environments. The initial contamination simulation module includes: a dust dispersion chamber, an ultrasonic atomizer and a dust generator disposed in the dust dispersion chamber; the dust dispersion chamber is also used to accommodate the insulator; the initial contamination simulation module is used to simulate the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment; The general pollution accumulation simulation module includes: an environmental simulation chamber, a temperature and humidity control system and a wind speed simulation device installed in the environmental simulation chamber, and the dust dispersion chamber is also used to accommodate the insulator; the general pollution accumulation simulation module is used to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment.

3. The insulator pollution testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generator; The AC intermediate frequency high voltage signal generating device includes: a half-wave voltage multiplier circuit and a microcontroller; The first control module, microcontroller, half-wave voltage multiplier circuit and electrode measurement sensor are connected in sequence.

4. The insulator pollution testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Signal amplifier; The first control module is connected to each of the electrode measurement sensors via the signal amplifier.

5. The insulator pollution testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wind speed simulation device includes: a second control module, a first variable frequency fan, a flow guiding system, and a first wind speed sensor, all connected to the second control module; The humidity control device includes: a third control module, an ultrasonic atomizer, a dehumidifier, and a humidity sensor connected to it respectively; The temperature regulation device includes: a fourth control module, a semiconductor cooling chip and a heating wire respectively connected thereto; The wind speed regulation device includes: a fifth control module, a second variable frequency fan, a guide plate, a second wind speed sensor, and a frequency converter, all connected to it. The second to fifth control modules are respectively connected to the first control module.

6. The insulator pollution testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the electrode measurement sensors includes four needle-shaped electrodes, each of which is connected to the first control module.

7. A method for testing the pollution level of insulators, characterized in that, The method is implemented using the insulator pollution test system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and includes: The pollution accumulation simulation module is controlled to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the insulator, and when the insulator is under the pollution accumulation conditions, the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are acquired. Based on the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measuring sensors, the conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator is determined; Based on the conductivity of different points on the surface of the insulator, the pollution level test at different points under the pollution accumulation condition is completed.

8. The insulator pollution test method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining the conductivity at different points on the surface of the insulator based on the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measuring sensors includes: The conductivity of the insulator surface at the location where the electrode measurement sensor is deployed is determined based on the four-electrode method and the electrical signals acquired by each of the electrode measurement sensors.

9. The insulator pollution test method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of acquiring the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is under the condition of pollution accumulation includes: The insulator is placed in an environmental simulation chamber, and the temperature and humidity control system and wind speed simulation device in the general pollution accumulation simulation module are controlled to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the daily operating environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. Correspondingly, completing the dirtiness test at different points under the conditions of dirt accumulation includes: completing the dirtiness test at different points under the conditions of dirt accumulation in the daily operating environment.

10. The insulator pollution test method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of acquiring the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is under the condition of pollution accumulation includes: The insulator is placed in the dust dispersion chamber, and the ultrasonic atomizer and dust generator in the initial contamination simulation module are used to simulate the contamination conditions of the initial exposure environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. Correspondingly, completing the soiling test at different points under the soiling conditions includes: completing the soiling test at different points under the soiling conditions of the initial exposure environment.

11. The insulator pollution test method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of acquiring the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors when the insulator is under the condition of pollution accumulation includes: The insulator is placed in a controlled indoor environment, and the humidity control device, temperature regulation device and wind speed regulation device in the extreme pollution accumulation simulation module are used to simulate the pollution accumulation conditions of the extreme environment, and the electrical signals collected by each of the electrode measurement sensors are obtained. Correspondingly, completing the dirtiness test at different locations under the aforementioned dirt accumulation conditions includes: completing the dirtiness test at different locations under the aforementioned extreme environmental dirt accumulation conditions.

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