X-ray composite prism

Abstract

The invention discloses an X-ray composite prism which comprises a supporting base, a plurality of prisms are arranged on the supporting base, and the heights of the prisms are sequentially increased from front to back. The X-ray energy spectrum measuring device has the advantages that the plurality of prisms are arranged on the supporting base, the heights of the prisms are sequentially increased from front to back, then the height difference of the adjacent prisms is limited, the X-ray energy spectrum can be measured through multiple times of refraction, the structure is light, the dispersion efficiency is high, and wide energy spectrum measurement can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of X-ray optics, and in particular to an X-ray composite prism. Background Technology

[0002] Hard X-rays possess strong penetrating power, making them an effective means of diagnosing the state of high-temperature, high-density plasmas and an important probe for analyzing the structures of various materials. Hard X-ray dispersive elements are core components of various X-ray spectroscopic diagnostic instruments, monochromatic beamlines, and experimental stations, realizing multiple functions such as dispersion, energy selection, and beam splitting. They play a crucial role in scientific and engineering fields such as laser-driven inertial confinement fusion, X-ray astronomy, synchrotron radiation, and free-electron lasers. In the hard X-ray energy range, crystals are widely used for dispersion control and spectroscopic measurements due to their high energy resolution. However, limited by the Darwinian width of crystal diffraction, specific regions on the crystal surface respond only to narrow-band X-rays in certain optical path structures. When applied to broadband X-ray energy spectroscopy measurements, the crystal area needs to be increased to cover the diffraction angles corresponding to the broadband X-rays. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an X-ray composite prism.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an X-ray composite prism, comprising a supporting substrate, on which a plurality of prisms are disposed, and the height of the prisms increases sequentially from front to back;

[0005] Let the longest wavelength of the incident X-ray be ,wavelength X-rays in the first The real part of the refractive index of a prism Then the first The upper surface of the first prism is larger than that of the second prism. The upper surface of the prism is high satisfy:

[0006] ;

[0007] in, For the first The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction For X-rays in the first An incident angle on the lateral side of a prism;

[0008] No. The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction satisfy:

[0009] ;

[0010] in, For the incident to the The width of the X-ray beam on the side of the prism in the dispersion direction. The angle of incidence is denoted as .

[0011] Preferably, the prism is a cube or a cuboid.

[0012] Preferably, the prisms are arranged close together or spaced apart.

[0013] Preferably, the prism is made of one of the following materials: silicon, diamond, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, germanium, and SU-8 photoresist.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: by setting a number of prisms on a supporting substrate, with the height of the prisms increasing sequentially from front to back, and limiting the height difference between adjacent prisms, the present invention enables the measurement of X-ray energy spectrum by multiple refractions. Its structure is lightweight, has high dispersion efficiency, and can realize wide energy spectrum measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray compound prism.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the refraction of the first prism;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall refraction involving m prisms;

[0018] Figure 4 For the first The prism and the first A schematic diagram of refraction of a prism;

[0019] Figure 5 For the first A schematic diagram showing refraction occurring on the upper surface of a prism;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the height difference of the X-ray compound prism;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the refraction and dispersion results of X-rays on a detector 1m away from the incident position. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.

[0025] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, an X-ray composite prism includes a supporting substrate on which a plurality of prisms are disposed, the height of which increases sequentially from front to back; furthermore, the prisms are arranged in close proximity or at intervals. Preferably, the prisms are made of one of silicon, diamond, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, germanium, and SU-8 photoresist, and the material of each prism can be the same or different.

[0029] Let the longest wavelength of the incident X-ray be ,wavelength X-rays in the first The real part of the refractive index of a prism Then the first The upper surface of the first prism is larger than that of the second prism. The upper surface of the prism is high satisfy:

[0030] ;

[0031] in, For the first The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction For X-rays in the first An incident angle on the lateral side of a prism;

[0032] No. The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction satisfy:

[0033] ;

[0034] in, For the incident to the The width of the X-ray beam on the side of the prism in the dispersion direction. The angle of incidence is given. Specifically, the prisms here are all made of diamond. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the wavelength is The X-rays were incident on the side of the first diamond prism at an angle of incidence of... , For wavelength The real part of the refractive index of X-rays in diamond, according to the law of refraction,

[0035] ;

[0036] because and Very small, the X-ray deflection angle is very small, therefore there is When the refracted ray exits from the upper surface of the first prism, ;because , and Very small, can be approximated Similarly, for the second prism, ,Will Replace with , Replace with , Replace with Similarly, the grazing refraction angle of the refracted ray exiting from the upper surface of the second prism can be obtained. Repeating the above steps will yield the refracted ray from the first... Grazing refraction angle exiting from the upper surface of the prism ,like Figure 3 As shown.

[0037] To ensure that the light can Refraction occurs continuously within a series of prisms. It is necessary to ensure that, within the measurement wavelength range, the refracted light from each prism can reach the side of the next prism. Since, for the same incident angle, longer wavelength X-rays have a larger refraction angle, it is only necessary to ensure that the longest wavelength X-ray within the measurement wavelength range can reach the side of the next prism. Continuous refraction occurs within each prism. Let the longest wavelength within the measurement range be... In which the first On a prism, the wavelength is A ray of light enters the prism precisely from its upper edge, at an angle of incidence of θ. , wavelength The real part of the refractive index of X-rays in diamond, such as Figure 4 As shown, the wavelength was calculated. X-rays in the first The grazing refraction angle of the light emitted from the upper surface of the prism: , No. The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction is... In order to ensure that from the first The light refracted by the edge of the first prism can be... The first prism refraction, the second The upper surface of the first prism is larger than that of the second prism. The upper surface of the prism is high ,satisfy ;

[0038] Incident to the The width of the X-ray beam on the lateral side of the prism in the dispersion direction is... The angle of incidence is ;No. The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction is... ,like Figure 5 As shown, in order to ensure that all rays within the width of the X-ray beam are in the first... Refraction occurs on the upper surface of a prism, which requires satisfying the following condition: In this embodiment, there are two methods to achieve the increase of the prism height from front to back: one is that the supporting base has the same height, and the height of multiple prisms increases from front to back; the other is that the prism height remains unchanged, and the height of the supporting base increases from front to back.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the prisms are cubes or cuboids. Specifically, the prism surfaces are polished, and there are 15 prisms. Each prism has a 7mm × 7mm square cross-section. The height of the first prism is 7mm. The incident X-rays are collimated beams with a dispersion width of 100μm in the chromatic direction and a width perpendicular to the dispersion direction of 4mm. The incident angle on the side of the first prism is 1°. The beams contain three wavelengths, namely... =0.155nm =0.124nm =0.069nm, corresponding to photon energies of 8keV, 10keV, and 18keV, respectively. The real part parameters of the refractive index of these three wavelengths in diamond are respectively... , , Calculating the height difference between the prisms, we find that the height difference between each prism and the previous prism is 0.2 mm. In this embodiment, Figure 7 for =0.155nm =0.124nm The refraction and dispersion results of X-rays at three wavelengths (0.069 nm) on a detector 1 m away from the incident position. and The light spot distance is 2.24mm. and The light spot distance is 3.22mm. The distance between the light spot and the point where the incident X-ray passes through is 1.61 mm.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An X-ray compound prism, characterized in that: Includes a supporting base, on which a plurality of prisms are provided, and the height of the prisms increases sequentially from front to back; Let the longest wavelength of the incident X-ray be ,wavelength X-rays in the first The real part of the refractive index of a prism Then the first The upper surface of the first prism is larger than that of the second prism. The upper surface of the prism is high satisfy: ； in, For the first The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction For X-rays in the first An incident angle on the lateral side of a prism; No. The width of each prism in the X-ray transmission direction satisfy: ； in, For the incident to the The width of the X-ray beam on the side of the prism in the dispersion direction. The angle of incidence is denoted as .

2. The X-ray compound prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism is a cube or a cuboid.

3. The X-ray compound prism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prisms are arranged either close together or spaced apart.

4. The X-ray compound prism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The prism is made of one of the following materials: silicon, diamond, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, germanium, and SU-8 photoresist.

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