Distributed acoustic sensing dragging type seismic detection optical cable system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of seismic detection, and particularly relates to a distributed acoustic sensing dragging type seismic detection optical cable system and method. According to the invention, through dragging data acquisition and optical cable track correction, the actual position of the optical cable along the earth surface can be accurately measured, a reliable space reference is provided for high-precision seismic detection, the optical cable laying state and the sampling strategy can be dynamically adjusted in the dragging process, and the dragging speed, the attitude change and the applied deviation can be compensated. By applying earthquake excitation in an excitation section and combining strain information, the optical cable can respond to earthquake waves in real time, high-precision earthquake response collection in the length direction of the optical cable is achieved, dragging data, attitude and strain compensation strategies are introduced, errors caused by dragging motion and uneven sampling intervals are eliminated, and the accuracy of the seismic response collection is improved. The acoustic signal precision and the detection reliability are improved, and a generated seismic detection result not only comprises a seismic wave propagation path and wave amplitude distribution, but also can identify a potential abnormal region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of earthquake detection technology, specifically relating to a distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop earthquake detection optical cable system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) utilizes optical fiber itself as the sensing medium, enabling continuous strain and vibration detection along the fiber's length. It has been widely applied in earthquake monitoring, oil and gas pipeline surveillance, and boundary security. Traditional DAS earthquake detection typically relies on fixed optical cables. Cable installation requires significant construction work and time, and its deployment is challenging in complex terrain or large areas. Furthermore, fixed optical cables struggle to adapt to rapidly changing surface environments, potentially leading to discontinuous signal sampling or insufficient spatial positioning accuracy, thus affecting the accurate measurement of seismic wave propagation characteristics.

[0003] In existing technologies, drag-and-drop fiber optic cable deployment has been used to reduce construction difficulty, but problems exist in practical applications. During the drag-and-drop deployment process, the fiber optic cable may experience uneven speed, changes in attitude, or poor contact with the ground surface, leading to sampling position deviations. This affects the correspondence between acoustic signals and ground surface positions, resulting in a lack of precise control over the seismic excitation application area. It is difficult to ensure that the fiber optic cable obtains a uniform and repeatable strain response in the excitation area, thus affecting the reliability of seismic response data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable system and method, which can solve the problems of low accuracy, poor controllability and insufficient adaptability of drag-and-drop optical cables in seismic detection applications in the prior art.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method includes: Acquire drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the drag-and-drop process; The actual movement trajectory of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable along the length of the optical cable during the dragging process is obtained, and the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling position are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory. The set state is obtained based on the drag data, and the excitation section to be applied for seismic excitation is obtained based on the set state. Seismic excitation is applied to the area to be detected based on the excitation section, and strain information of multiple sampling positions along the length of the optical cable is obtained based on the seismic excitation. Obtain the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation is applied, and combine them with the actual movement trajectory to obtain a sampling adjustment strategy; Acoustic response signal set is obtained based on optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy; Based on the surface sampling coordinates, and combined with drag data and strain information, the acoustic response signal set is compensated to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set; Seismic detection results are generated based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the sampling location.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, acquiring drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the dragging process includes: Distributed acoustic sensing optical cables are laid on the ground surface of the area to be detected by dragging. During the drag-and-drop deployment process, the ground contact status of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable at different drag positions is used to determine whether the ground contact status meets the drag conditions. If the ground contact state meets the dragging conditions, the dragging data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable is obtained. The dragging data includes dragging speed, dragging direction and optical cable attitude. If the surface contact state does not meet the dragging conditions, the surface contact state of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable at different dragging positions will be adjusted so that the adjusted surface contact state meets the dragging conditions.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling positions along the length of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during dragging is obtained, and the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling position are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory, including: Acquire the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling positions along the length of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the dragging process; Obtain the adjacent positions of multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable, and obtain the displacement change range at adjacent dragging moments based on the adjacent positions; Determine whether the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range; If the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range, the movement trajectory exceeds the range, and the actual movement trajectory is corrected according to the movement trajectory exceeding the range. Based on the corrected actual movement trajectory, the corresponding surface sampling coordinates of each sampling position in the area to be detected are obtained. If the actual movement trajectory does not exceed the displacement change range, the surface sampling coordinates of each sampling location within the area to be detected are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, setting state information is obtained based on drag data, and the excitation segment for applying seismic excitation is obtained based on the setting state information. Seismic excitation is then applied to the area to be explored based on the excitation segment, including: Based on the drag data, the drag speed, drag direction and optical cable attitude are extracted, and the initial position information, speed information and attitude information corresponding to each sampling position along the length of the optical cable are obtained; Based on the initial position information, velocity information, and drag direction, the displacement range and direction of each sampling position are obtained; Based on the posture information and drag direction, the posture change range of each sampling position is obtained; The displacement range, direction, and attitude change range of each sampling position are integrated to form the set state information; Select the excitation zone that meets the requirements for applying seismic excitation based on the set status information; Based on the excitation section, seismic excitation is applied to the area to be detected, so that seismic waves act on the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable. Strain information was obtained from multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable based on seismic excitation.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation is applied are obtained, and a sampling adjustment strategy is derived by combining the actual movement trajectory, including: Obtain the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation was applied; The applied distance deviation is obtained by combining the applied position coordinates with the actual movement trajectory; Obtain a preset sampling table, which includes multiple applied distance deviation intervals and a sampling adjustment strategy corresponding to each applied distance deviation; The corresponding sampling adjustment strategy is obtained from the preset sampling table based on the applied distance deviation range corresponding to the applied distance deviation.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the acoustic response signal set is obtained based on the optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy, including: Acquire the initial acoustic signal collected by the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable after the application of seismic excitation; The initial acoustic signal is corrected based on a sampling adjustment strategy; The corrected initial acoustic signals are arranged along the length of the optical cable to obtain the acoustic response signal set.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the acoustic response signal set is compensated based on the surface sampling coordinates and combined with drag data and strain information to obtain an acoustic compensation signal set, characterized in that it includes: Based on the surface sampling coordinates, the acoustic response signal set is converted into an acoustic response signal set represented by geospatial coordinates; The drag speed and optical cable posture are extracted based on the drag data, and the corresponding correction values ​​are obtained based on the drag speed and optical cable posture. Obtain the strain reference value and obtain the strain deviation based on the strain information; The compensation strategy is obtained based on the correction value and strain deviation; The acoustic response signals corresponding to the acoustic response signal set are compensated based on the compensation strategy, and the results are summarized to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, seismic detection results are generated based on an acoustic compensation signal set and in combination with sampling locations, characterized by comprising: The acoustic signal distribution is obtained based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the corresponding sampling positions; Seismic response information at corresponding sampling locations is obtained based on acoustic signal distribution. The seismic response information includes amplitude variation, phase variation, and wave propagation state. Based on the earthquake response information and the surface sampling coordinates of the sampling location, earthquake detection results for the area to be detected are generated. The earthquake detection results include seismic wave propagation paths, amplitude distributions, and information on potential anomaly areas.

[0013] The present invention also provides a distributed acoustic sensing drag-on seismic detection optical cable system for the above-mentioned distributed acoustic sensing drag-on seismic detection optical cable method, comprising: The drag-and-drop acquisition module is used to acquire drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the drag-and-drop process; The sampling location module is used to obtain the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable during the dragging process of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable, and to obtain the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling location based on the actual movement trajectory. The seismic excitation module is used to obtain the set state based on the drag data, obtain the excitation section to apply seismic excitation based on the set state, apply seismic excitation to the area to be detected based on the excitation section, and obtain strain information of multiple sampling positions along the length of the optical cable based on the seismic excitation. The sampling adjustment module is used to obtain the coordinates of the application location of the seismic excitation and to obtain the sampling adjustment strategy in combination with the actual movement trajectory; The acoustic response module acquires the acoustic response signal set based on the optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy; The acoustic compensation module compensates the acoustic response signal set based on the ground surface sampling coordinates and combined with drag data and strain information to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set; The seismic detection module is used to generate seismic detection results based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the sampling location.

[0014] And, a distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable terminal, comprising: One or more processors; A storage device on which one or more programs are stored; When one or more programs are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors implement a distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method.

[0015] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention ensures accurate determination of the actual position of the optical cable along the Earth's surface by dragging data acquisition and correcting the cable trajectory, providing a reliable spatial reference for high-precision seismic detection. During dragging, the cable deployment status and sampling strategy can be dynamically adjusted to compensate for dragging speed, attitude changes, and applied deviations, making acoustic signal acquisition more stable and reliable. By applying seismic excitation to the excitation section and combining it with strain information, the optical cable can respond to seismic waves in real time, achieving high-precision seismic response acquisition along the cable's length. The introduction of dragging data, attitude, and strain compensation strategies eliminates errors caused by uneven dragging motion and sampling intervals, improving acoustic signal accuracy and detection reliability. The generated seismic detection results not only include the seismic wave propagation path and amplitude distribution but also identify potential anomaly areas, achieving visualized, spatialized, and high-precision seismic detection. It is suitable for seismic monitoring under both dynamic dragging and static conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system module diagram provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, the schematic diagrams are merely examples for ease of explanation and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1As shown, a distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method is provided, including: S1. Obtain the drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the drag process; S2. Obtain the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling positions along the length of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the dragging process, and obtain the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling position based on the actual movement trajectory. S3. Obtain the set state based on the drag data, and obtain the excitation section to be applied for seismic excitation based on the set state. Apply seismic excitation to the area to be detected based on the excitation section, and obtain strain information of multiple sampling positions along the length of the optical cable based on the seismic excitation. S4. Obtain the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation is applied, and combine them with the actual movement trajectory to obtain the sampling adjustment strategy; S5. Acquire the acoustic response signal set based on the optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy; S6. Based on the surface sampling coordinates, and combined with drag data and strain information, the acoustic response signal set is compensated to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set; S7. Generate seismic detection results based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the sampling location.

[0022] As described in steps S1 to S6 above, the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable is deployed on the ground surface of the area to be detected by dragging. During the dragging deployment process, dragging data is acquired through sensors, including the dragging speed, dragging direction, and optical cable attitude information. The ground contact state of the optical cable at different dragging positions is determined to ensure that the contact state between the optical cable and the ground surface meets the deployment conditions. Based on the acquired dragging data, the actual movement trajectory of each sampling position along the length of the optical cable during the dragging process is obtained. It is determined whether the trajectory exceeds the preset displacement range, and trajectory correction is performed if necessary. Finally, the ground sampling coordinates corresponding to each sampling position in the area to be detected are determined. The initial position and speed of the optical cable are extracted based on the dragging data. The system collects attitude information to establish a set state for each sampling location. An excitation section suitable for applying seismic excitation is selected, and seismic excitation is applied within this section. Seismic waves act on the optical cable, and strain information is acquired at multiple sampling locations along the cable's length. This demonstrates the optical cable's sensitive response to seismic waves. The system obtains the coordinates of the applied seismic excitation location and, combined with the actual movement trajectory of the optical cable, calculates the applied distance deviation. Based on a preset sampling table, this deviation is mapped to a corresponding sampling adjustment strategy. Based on the cable's length and the sampling adjustment strategy, the initial acoustic signal collected by the optical cable after seismic excitation is acquired. This initial signal is then corrected according to the sampling adjustment strategy, resulting in an acoustic response aligned along the cable's length. The acoustic response signal set, combined with surface sampling coordinates, drag data, and strain information, is compensated. By correcting drag speed, fiber optic cable attitude, and strain deviation, the compensation strategy is applied to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set. Based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the corresponding sampling locations, seismic detection results for the area to be detected are generated. Through the spatial arrangement of the acoustic signals, the amplitude, phase, and wave propagation state of each sampling location are determined, forming information on seismic wave propagation paths, amplitude distributions, and potential anomaly areas, resulting in the final seismic detection results. Through drag data acquisition and fiber optic cable trajectory correction, the actual position of the fiber optic cable along the surface can be accurately determined, providing a reliable spatial reference for high-precision seismic detection. During the dragging process, the fiber optic cable deployment status and sampling strategy can be dynamically adjusted to compensate for dragging speed, attitude changes, and applied deviations, making the acoustic signal acquisition more stable and reliable. By applying seismic excitation to the excitation section and combining it with strain information, the fiber optic cable can respond to seismic waves in real time, achieving high-precision seismic response acquisition along the length of the fiber optic cable. By introducing dragging data, attitude, and strain compensation strategies, errors caused by uneven dragging motion and sampling intervals are eliminated, improving the accuracy of acoustic signals and the reliability of detection. The generated seismic detection results not only include the seismic wave propagation path and amplitude distribution, but also identify potential anomaly areas, realizing visualized, spatialized, and high-precision seismic detection, which is suitable for seismic monitoring under dynamic dragging and static conditions.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, acquiring drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the dragging process includes: S101. The distributed acoustic sensing optical cable is laid on the ground surface of the area to be detected by dragging. S102. During the towing deployment process, the ground contact status of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable at different towing positions is used to determine whether the ground contact status meets the towing conditions. If the ground contact state meets the dragging conditions, the dragging data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable is obtained. The dragging data includes dragging speed, dragging direction and optical cable attitude. If the surface contact state does not meet the dragging conditions, the surface contact state of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable at different dragging positions will be adjusted so that the adjusted surface contact state meets the dragging conditions.

[0024] As described in steps S101 to S102 above, the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable is laid on the ground surface of the area to be detected by dragging, so that the optical cable extends along the area to be detected and ensures that the optical cable is in contact with the ground surface. During the deployment of the optical cable, the ground contact state of the optical cable at each dragging position is acquired in real time. By judging whether the contact state meets the dragging conditions, it is ensured that the optical cable will not be suspended, twisted or locally slack during the dragging process. If the ground contact state meets the dragging conditions, the corresponding dragging data is acquired, including dragging speed, dragging direction and optical cable attitude information. If the ground contact state does not meet the dragging conditions, the contact state of the optical cable at each position is adjusted to meet the dragging conditions, and then dragging data is collected again. This can completely characterize the motion state of the optical cable during the deployment process, realize the function of dynamically adapting to the deployment environment, and improve reliability and operability.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling positions along the length of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during dragging is obtained, and the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling position are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory, including: S201. Obtain the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling positions along the length of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the dragging process. S202. Obtain the adjacent positions of multiple sampling positions along the length of the optical cable, and obtain the displacement change range at adjacent dragging moments based on the adjacent positions; S203. Determine whether the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range; If the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range, the movement trajectory exceeds the range, and the actual movement trajectory is corrected according to the movement trajectory exceeding the range. Based on the corrected actual movement trajectory, the corresponding surface sampling coordinates of each sampling position in the area to be detected are obtained. If the actual movement trajectory does not exceed the displacement change range, the surface sampling coordinates of each sampling location within the area to be detected are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory.

[0026] As described in steps S201 to S203 above, during the fiber optic cable dragging process, sensors acquire the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling positions along the length of the fiber optic cable, including the real-time position, speed, and direction information of each sampling position. This reflects the actual movement state of the fiber optic cable along the ground surface during its deployment. The sampling positions along the length of the fiber optic cable are paired to obtain the displacement change range of adjacent positions during continuous dragging. The displacement change range can be determined by preset rules (e.g., maximum allowable displacement, adjacent sampling speed limit) or by looking up a table. It is then determined whether the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range. If the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range of adjacent positions, it is determined that the trajectory is abnormal, and the trajectory is corrected according to preset correction rules or by looking up a table (e.g., limiting the displacement exceeding the range to the maximum allowable value, or smoothing it according to historical trajectory trends). (Interpolation correction) If the actual movement trajectory does not exceed the displacement change range, the original trajectory is used directly. Based on the corrected actual movement trajectory or the original trajectory, the surface sampling coordinates of each sampling position in the area to be detected are obtained. Through this step, the movement trajectory of the optical cable along its length is accurately correlated with the spatial coordinates of the ground surface. By obtaining the actual movement trajectory and judging whether the trajectory exceeds the displacement change range, abnormal movement during the optical cable dragging process can be identified and necessary corrections can be made to ensure the consistency between the trajectory and the ground surface position. Mapping the corrected trajectory to the ground surface coordinates can accurately obtain the spatial position of each sampling position in the area to be detected, providing a reliable basis for acoustic signal compensation and seismic response analysis. By judging and correcting the movement trajectory in real time, the terrain undulations, obstacles or operational errors during the dragging process can be dynamically adapted to, improving the stability of optical cable deployment and detection.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, setting status information is obtained based on drag data, and the excitation segment for applying seismic excitation is obtained based on the setting status information. Seismic excitation is then applied to the area to be detected based on the excitation segment, including: S301. Extract drag speed, drag direction and optical cable attitude based on drag data, and obtain the initial position information, speed information and attitude information corresponding to each sampling position along the length of the optical cable; S302. Based on the initial position information, velocity information, and drag direction, obtain the displacement range and direction of each sampling position; S303. Based on the posture information and drag direction, obtain the posture change range of each sampling position; S304. Integrate the displacement range, direction, and attitude change range of each sampling position to form the set state information; S305. Select the excitation section that meets the requirements for applying seismic excitation based on the set status information; S306. Apply seismic excitation to the area to be detected based on the excitation section, so that the seismic waves act on the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable. S307. Based on seismic excitation, obtain strain information from multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable.

[0028] As described in steps S301 to S307 above, the dragging speed, dragging direction, and optical cable attitude during the cable deployment process are obtained by dragging data. Combined with the initial position, speed, and attitude information of each sampling position along the cable length, this reflects the actual spatial distribution and dynamic characteristics of each sampling position. Based on the initial position information, dragging speed, and dragging direction, the possible displacement range and movement direction of each sampling position during dragging are obtained. Combined with the optical cable attitude information and dragging direction, the attitude change range of each sampling position is obtained, reflecting the possibility of bending, tilting, or twisting of the optical cable during deployment. The displacement range, direction, and attitude change range of each sampling position are integrated to form overall set state information. This set state information comprehensively describes the spatial distribution, possible movement range, and attitude changes of the optical cable during deployment. Based on the set state information, excitation sections that meet the conditions for applying seismic excitation along the cable length are selected to ensure seismic excitation. The seismic excitation method operates in areas where the optical cable is stably deployed and has a reliable response. Seismic excitation is applied within a selected excitation section, causing seismic waves to act on the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable, triggering its strain response. Through the cable's sensing function, strain information from multiple sampling locations along the cable's length is acquired, recording the cable's physical response under seismic waves. By integrating information on dragging speed, direction, and cable attitude, a set state information is formed, enabling dynamic spatial constraint analysis of each sampling location on the cable. This allows for precise selection of the excitation section, avoiding application to unstable or abnormally moving areas. The selection of the excitation section is based on the combined state of the cable's motion and attitude, resulting in a more stable strain response under seismic excitation, reducing noise caused by abnormal cable motion or attitude changes, and improving the quality of the seismic wave signal. By linking the dynamic characteristics of the optical cable deployment with the selection of the seismic excitation area through the set state information, coordinated optimization of deployment and excitation is achieved, improving the spatial resolution and reliability of the overall detection system.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the coordinates of the applied seismic excitation location are obtained, and a sampling adjustment strategy is derived by combining the actual movement trajectory, including: S401. Obtain the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation is applied; S402. Obtain the applied distance deviation based on the applied position coordinates and the actual movement trajectory; S403. Obtain a preset sampling table, wherein the preset sampling table includes multiple applied distance deviation intervals and a sampling adjustment strategy corresponding to each applied distance deviation; S404. Obtain the corresponding sampling adjustment strategy from the preset sampling table based on the applied distance deviation interval corresponding to the applied distance deviation.

[0030] As described in steps S401 to S404 above, spatial coordinate information of the seismic excitation applied within the area to be detected is obtained, including the location, direction, and coverage of the seismic excitation source. This coordinate information provides the precise location of the seismic excitation in space. The coordinates of the applied location are compared with the actual movement trajectory of the optical cable. By obtaining the shortest distance between the applied location and the trajectory of each sampling location, the applied distance deviation corresponding to each sampling location is obtained. The applied distance deviation reflects the offset of the optical cable sampling location relative to the ideal location of the seismic excitation. A preset sampling table is called, which contains multiple applied distance deviation intervals and sampling adjustment strategies corresponding to each interval, such as increasing sampling points, changing the sampling interval, or adjusting the signal correction coefficient. The preset sampling table is designed based on empirical data, historical experiments, or simulation results to ensure that the sampling strategies under different deviation conditions can effectively optimize the signal acquisition quality. According to the interval into which the applied distance deviation of each sampling location falls, the corresponding sampling adjustment strategy is obtained from the preset sampling table, and a sampling adjustment scheme for the current dragging state and seismic excitation location is generated. This strategy ensures that the sampling point location and sampling density match the actual optical cable deployment state and the seismic excitation location, improving the spatial consistency and accuracy of the acoustic response signal.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the acoustic response signal set is obtained based on the optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy, including: S501. Acquire the initial acoustic signal collected by the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable after the earthquake excitation is applied; S502, Correct the initial acoustic signal based on the sampling adjustment strategy; S503. Arrange the corrected initial acoustic signals according to the length of the optical cable to obtain the acoustic response signal set.

[0032] As described in steps S501 to S503 above, after applying seismic excitation, the initial acoustic signal along the length of the optical cable is collected using a distributed acoustic sensing optical cable. The initial signal records the strain response of the optical cable under the action of seismic waves, including amplitude, phase, and propagation characteristics. Based on the previously obtained sampling adjustment strategy, the initial acoustic signal is corrected, including compensating for signal position offset caused by actual movement of the optical cable or deviation of the applied position, adjusting signal density differences caused by changes in sampling interval, and correcting local anomalies in acoustic signal amplitude or phase. The correction process can be achieved through table lookup, rule calculation, or algorithm model, so that the acoustic signal is spatially consistent with the optical cable deployment state and the seismic excitation position. The corrected acoustic signals are arranged sequentially along the length of the optical cable to form a complete acoustic response signal set. This signal set retains the spatial information distributed along the optical cable and reflects the acoustic response state at each sampling position, making the drag-and-drop seismic detection method applicable to various complex environments and different optical cable deployment schemes, improving the versatility and operability of the overall system.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the acoustic response signal set is compensated based on the surface sampling coordinates and combined with drag data and strain information to obtain an acoustic compensation signal set, characterized in that it includes: S601. Based on the surface sampling coordinates, convert the acoustic response signal set into an acoustic response signal set represented by geospatial coordinates; S602. Extract drag speed and optical cable posture based on drag data, and obtain corresponding correction values ​​based on drag speed and optical cable posture; S603. Obtain the strain reference value and obtain the strain deviation based on the strain information; S604. Obtain a compensation strategy based on the correction value and strain deviation; S605. Based on the compensation strategy, the acoustic response signals corresponding to the acoustic response signal set are compensated, and the acoustic compensation signal set is obtained by summarizing them.

[0034] As described in steps S601 to S605 above, the acoustic response signal set arranged along the length of the optical cable is converted into an acoustic response signal set represented by geospatial coordinates based on the corresponding ground sampling coordinates. Through this conversion, the acoustic signals can be aligned with the actual ground location and geospatial reference system. Dragging speed and optical cable attitude information are extracted from the dragging data, and correction values ​​corresponding to each sampling location are obtained using lookup tables or preset rules. These correction values ​​are used to correct signal position deviations caused by optical cable movement, rotation, or non-uniform deployment. The correction values ​​can adjust the phase, amplitude, or spatial position of the signal, making the acoustic response signal more accurately reflect the actual state of the optical cable. A preset strain reference value is obtained, and the strain deviation (e.g., actual strain value minus reference value) is calculated based on the strain information of the sampling location. This deviation is used to reflect the stress changes of the optical cable under seismic excitation. The strain deviation is used to compensate for the stress caused by seismic excitation. The signal amplitude and phase changes caused by differences in the stress on the optical cable are addressed by combining the drag correction value with the strain deviation. A compensation strategy is generated through table lookup or algorithm to guide how to adjust the acoustic response signal. The compensation strategy may include signal amplitude adjustment, phase correction, position correction, and signal interpolation methods to ensure the signal is continuous in space and time. The acoustic response signal is corrected according to the compensation strategy, and the compensation signals from each sampling location are summarized to obtain a complete acoustic compensation signal set. This signal set reflects the true response of the optical cable under the action of seismic waves, corrects the signal errors caused by dragging motion and strain differences, and provides high-precision basic data for the generation of seismic detection results. The compensation method is based on drag data, strain information, and surface coordinates, and can adapt to different deployment methods and complex terrains, ensuring the stability and repeatability of the drag-based seismic detection method in various environments.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, seismic detection results are generated based on an acoustic compensation signal set and in combination with sampling locations, characterized by comprising: S701. Obtain the acoustic signal distribution based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the corresponding sampling positions; S702. Obtain seismic response information at the corresponding sampling location based on the acoustic signal distribution, wherein the seismic response information includes amplitude variation, phase variation and wave propagation state; S703. Based on the earthquake response information and the surface sampling coordinates of the sampling location, generate earthquake detection results for the area to be detected, wherein the earthquake detection results include seismic wave propagation paths, amplitude distributions, and information on potential anomaly areas.

[0036] As described in steps S701 to S703 above, based on the acoustic compensation signal set and corresponding sampling locations, the acoustic signal distribution along the length of the optical cable is obtained. The acoustic signal corresponding to each sampling location reflects the amplitude, phase, and waveform changes at that location under the action of seismic waves, providing basic data for seismic response analysis. Based on the acoustic signal distribution, seismic response information for each sampling location is obtained, including amplitude changes (reflecting the intensity distribution of seismic waves propagating on the surface), phase changes (reflecting the time difference and interference of seismic wave propagation), and wave propagation state (reflecting the connectivity, attenuation, and possible anomalous disturbances of the wave propagation path). The seismic response information of each sampling location is correlated with its surface sampling coordinates to generate the overall seismic detection results for the area to be detected. The seismic detection results include the seismic wave propagation path, amplitude distribution, and information on potential anomalous areas, reflecting the seismic waves under the action of seismic waves. The propagation characteristics in space reveal the location and wave propagation characteristics of potential anomaly areas (such as geological faults, underground cavities, or heterogeneous regions), providing intuitive data for earthquake monitoring and analysis. Combined with acoustic compensation signal sets and sampling locations, the generated earthquake detection results can accurately reflect the amplitude and phase changes of seismic waves along the fiber optic cable direction, improving the spatial resolution of earthquake detection. Correlating acoustic signals with spatial coordinates forms visualized earthquake response results, enabling users to intuitively understand the propagation of seismic waves and the distribution of anomaly areas, facilitating further analysis and decision-making. Generating earthquake detection results through compensated acoustic signals reduces data errors caused by fiber optic cable dragging, sampling deviations, and strain differences, improving the reliability and repeatability of detection results. It is applicable to complex terrain and different deployment conditions, enhancing the broad adaptability of drag-and-drop distributed acoustic sensing earthquake detection methods.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a distributed acoustic sensing drag-on seismic detection optical cable system for the aforementioned distributed acoustic sensing drag-on seismic detection optical cable method, comprising: The drag-and-drop acquisition module is used to acquire drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the drag-and-drop process; The sampling location module is used to obtain the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable during the dragging process of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable, and to obtain the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling location based on the actual movement trajectory. The seismic excitation module is used to obtain the set state based on the drag data, obtain the excitation section to apply seismic excitation based on the set state, apply seismic excitation to the area to be detected based on the excitation section, and obtain strain information of multiple sampling positions along the length of the optical cable based on the seismic excitation. The sampling adjustment module is used to obtain the coordinates of the application location of the seismic excitation and to obtain the sampling adjustment strategy in combination with the actual movement trajectory; The acoustic response module acquires the acoustic response signal set based on the optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy; The acoustic compensation module compensates the acoustic response signal set based on the ground surface sampling coordinates and combined with drag data and strain information to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set; The seismic detection module is used to generate seismic detection results based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the sampling location.

[0038] The aforementioned drag-and-acquisition module acquires real-time drag data of the optical cable during its deployment, including drag speed, drag direction, and cable attitude. It determines the ground contact state of the cable at different drag positions and adjusts the data when the contact state does not meet preset conditions, ensuring the reliability of the drag data and obtaining accurate cable movement information. The sampling position module, based on the drag data, acquires the actual movement trajectory of the optical cable at multiple sampling positions along its length and generates corresponding ground sampling coordinates. It corrects the actual movement trajectory to ensure its continuity and stability, avoiding sampling errors caused by abnormal cable displacement. The seismic excitation module, based on the cable's drag data and trajectory information, acquires a set state and selects a suitable excitation section. Seismic excitation is applied to this section, causing seismic waves to act on the optical cable. Simultaneously, it acquires strain information along the cable's length, enabling controllable application of seismic waves and real-time acquisition of the cable's stress state, providing a guarantee for high-precision seismic response measurement. The sampling adjustment module acquires the excitation application position and calculates the sampling deviation based on the actual movement trajectory of the optical cable. Based on deviation information and preset sampling strategies, the sampling points are adjusted to ensure the accuracy of the acoustic response signal. The acoustic response module, based on the fiber optic cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy, corrects and arranges the initial acoustic signals collected by the fiber optic cable to form an acoustic response signal set. This can correct discontinuous or offset signals, ensuring the continuity of the acoustic signal along the fiber optic cable. The acoustic compensation module, based on the surface sampling coordinates and combined with drag data and strain information, compensates the acoustic response signal set to obtain an acoustic compensation signal set. The compensation strategy can correct the phase shift and position deviation caused by dragging motion and strain changes, improving the correspondence accuracy between the signal and the actual geographical location. The seismic detection module generates seismic detection results based on the acoustic compensation signal set and sampling location, obtaining the seismic wave propagation path, amplitude distribution, and potential anomaly areas in the area to be detected. This enables accurate detection of seismic waves at and near the surface, eliminating displacement errors caused by fiber optic cable dragging and improving the positioning accuracy of seismic signals. The seismic excitation module selects the excitation section and applies seismic waves, achieving controllability of fiber optic cable excitation and improving the repeatability and reliability of measurements.

[0039] And, a distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable terminal, comprising: One or more processors; A storage device on which one or more programs are stored; When one or more programs are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors implement a distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A method for distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable, characterized in that, include: Acquire drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the drag-and-drop process; The actual movement trajectory of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable along the length of the optical cable during the dragging process is obtained, and the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling position are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory. The set state is obtained based on the drag data, and the excitation section to be applied for seismic excitation is obtained based on the set state. Seismic excitation is applied to the area to be detected based on the excitation section, and strain information of multiple sampling positions along the length of the optical cable is obtained based on the seismic excitation. Obtain the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation is applied, and combine them with the actual movement trajectory to obtain a sampling adjustment strategy; Acoustic response signal set is obtained based on optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy; Based on the surface sampling coordinates, and combined with drag data and strain information, the acoustic response signal set is compensated to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set; Seismic detection results are generated based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the sampling location.

2. The distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Acquire drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the drag-and-drop process, including: Distributed acoustic sensing optical cables are laid on the ground surface of the area to be detected by dragging. During the drag-and-drop deployment process, the ground contact status of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable at different drag positions is used to determine whether the ground contact status meets the drag conditions. If the ground contact state meets the dragging conditions, the dragging data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable is obtained. The dragging data includes dragging speed, dragging direction and optical cable attitude. If the surface contact state does not meet the dragging conditions, the surface contact state of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable at different dragging positions will be adjusted so that the adjusted surface contact state meets the dragging conditions.

3. The distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actual movement trajectory of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable along the length of the cable during dragging is obtained, and the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling location are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory, including: Acquire the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling positions along the length of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the dragging process; Obtain the adjacent positions of multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable, and obtain the displacement change range at adjacent dragging moments based on the adjacent positions; Determine whether the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range; If the actual movement trajectory exceeds the displacement change range, the movement trajectory exceeds the range, and the actual movement trajectory is corrected according to the movement trajectory exceeding the range. Based on the corrected actual movement trajectory, the corresponding surface sampling coordinates of each sampling position in the area to be detected are obtained. If the actual movement trajectory does not exceed the displacement change range, the surface sampling coordinates of each sampling location within the area to be detected are obtained based on the actual movement trajectory.

4. The distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the dragged data, the set status information is obtained, and based on the set status information, the excitation segment for applying seismic excitation is obtained. Based on the excitation segment, seismic excitation is applied to the area to be detected, including: Based on the drag data, the drag speed, drag direction and optical cable attitude are extracted, and the initial position information, speed information and attitude information corresponding to each sampling position along the length of the optical cable are obtained; Based on the initial position information, velocity information, and drag direction, the displacement range and direction of each sampling position are obtained; Based on the posture information and drag direction, the posture change range of each sampling position is obtained; The displacement range, direction, and attitude change range of each sampling position are integrated to form the set state information; Select the excitation zone that meets the requirements for applying seismic excitation based on the set status information; Based on the excitation section, seismic excitation is applied to the area to be detected, so that seismic waves act on the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable. Strain information was obtained from multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable based on seismic excitation.

5. The distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation was applied, and combine this with the actual movement trajectory to obtain a sampling adjustment strategy, including: Obtain the coordinates of the location where the seismic excitation was applied; The applied distance deviation is obtained by combining the applied position coordinates with the actual movement trajectory; Obtain a preset sampling table, which includes multiple applied distance deviation intervals and a sampling adjustment strategy corresponding to each applied distance deviation; The corresponding sampling adjustment strategy is obtained from the preset sampling table based on the applied distance deviation range corresponding to the applied distance deviation.

6. The distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Acoustic response signal sets are obtained based on the optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy, including: Acquire the initial acoustic signal collected by the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable after the application of seismic excitation; The initial acoustic signal is corrected based on a sampling adjustment strategy; The corrected initial acoustic signals are arranged along the length of the optical cable to obtain the acoustic response signal set.

7. The distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to claim 1, based on surface sampling coordinates and combined with drag data and strain information, compensates the acoustic response signal set to obtain an acoustic compensation signal set, characterized in that... include: Based on the surface sampling coordinates, the acoustic response signal set is converted into an acoustic response signal set represented by geospatial coordinates; The drag speed and optical cable posture are extracted based on the drag data, and the corresponding correction values ​​are obtained based on the drag speed and optical cable posture. Obtain the strain reference value and obtain the strain deviation based on the strain information; The compensation strategy is obtained based on the correction value and strain deviation; The acoustic response signals corresponding to the acoustic response signal set are compensated based on the compensation strategy, and the results are summarized to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set.

8. The distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method generates seismic detection results based on an acoustic compensation signal set and sampling locations, characterized by including: The acoustic signal distribution is obtained based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the corresponding sampling positions; Seismic response information at corresponding sampling locations is obtained based on acoustic signal distribution. The seismic response information includes amplitude variation, phase variation, and wave propagation state. Based on the earthquake response information and the surface sampling coordinates of the sampling location, earthquake detection results for the area to be detected are generated. The earthquake detection results include seismic wave propagation paths, amplitude distributions, and information on potential anomaly areas.

9. A distributed acoustic sensing drag-on seismic detection optical cable system, applied to the distributed acoustic sensing drag-on seismic detection optical cable method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: The drag-and-drop acquisition module is used to acquire drag data corresponding to the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable during the drag-and-drop process; The sampling location module is used to obtain the actual movement trajectory of multiple sampling locations along the length of the optical cable during the dragging process of the distributed acoustic sensing optical cable, and to obtain the ground sampling coordinates of each sampling location based on the actual movement trajectory. The seismic excitation module is used to obtain the set state based on the drag data, obtain the excitation section to apply seismic excitation based on the set state, apply seismic excitation to the area to be detected based on the excitation section, and obtain strain information of multiple sampling positions along the length of the optical cable based on the seismic excitation. The sampling adjustment module is used to obtain the coordinates of the application location of the seismic excitation and to obtain the sampling adjustment strategy in combination with the actual movement trajectory; The acoustic response module acquires the acoustic response signal set based on the optical cable length direction and sampling adjustment strategy; The acoustic compensation module compensates the acoustic response signal set based on the ground surface sampling coordinates and combined with drag data and strain information to obtain the acoustic compensation signal set; The seismic detection module is used to generate seismic detection results based on the acoustic compensation signal set and the sampling location.

10. A distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable terminal, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; A storage device on which one or more programs are stored; When one or more programs are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the distributed acoustic sensing drag-and-drop seismic detection optical cable method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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