Optical element and optical device

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical element and an optical device, the optical element comprises a body and a plurality of microstructure units, and each microstructure unit comprises a fusion surface and an optical function surface which is connected with the fusion surface and protrudes out of the body; an included angle theta is formed between the optical function surface and the fusion surface, and theta belongs to (0 degree, 90 degrees). According to the micro-structure unit, the incident light is subjected to fine wavefront modulation, so that the incident light is deflected, an optical signal interfering imaging of the periphery of the retina is provided, 'nerve adaptation 'of the periphery of the retina to an original optical signal is disturbed, the nerve center of the retina is confused, and further development of ametropia is inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical components, and specifically relates to an optical component and an optical device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of refractive error management, various optical intervention-based solutions exist. One such solution involves frame optics designed with peripheral defocus principles. These devices utilize optical design to provide clear central vision while simultaneously creating defocus signals around the retina, thus inhibiting the abnormal progression of refractive errors. However, long-term wear of these defocusing optical elements may lead to "product resistance," causing their effectiveness to decline over time. Another approach is to directly reduce retinal contrast (e.g., using optical elements with DOT scattering point design) to slow the abnormal progression of refractive errors, but these techniques often compromise the aesthetics of the optical elements. Therefore, there is a need to continuously explore a long-term, effective, and visually acceptable optical intervention method. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: This application provides an optical element and optical device that, through a series of precision microstructure units fabricated on the surface of the optical element, provides patients with a new option for refractive error management that offers sustained effects and a better wearing experience.

[0004] Technical solution: This disclosure provides an optical element, including: The body has a visual field zone and a control area surrounding the visual field zone, the visual field zone being used to generate a clear visual signal; the body has a radial direction and a thickness direction perpendicular to the radial direction; Multiple microstructural units are disposed within the control area and integrally formed with the body. Each microstructural unit includes a fusion surface connected to the body and an optical functional surface connected to the fusion surface and protruding from the body along the thickness direction. The optical functional surface is configured to deflect incident light rays when they pass through it along the thickness direction, thereby forming a blurred image in the peripheral retina to reduce the imaging quality of the peripheral retina and thus suppress the abnormal development of refractive errors. The optical functional surface and the fusion surface have an angle θ between them, satisfying: θ∈(0°, 90°). Wherein, the optical functional surface has a first centroid, and the fusion surface has a second centroid; the included angle θ refers to the minimum angle between the normal at the first centroid or the normal along the tangent plane of the first centroid and the normal at the second centroid or the normal along the tangent plane of the second centroid.

[0005] In some embodiments, both the optical functional surface and the fusion surface are planes, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal at the first centroid and the normal at the second centroid; or Both the optical functional surface and the fusion surface are curved surfaces, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal along the first centroidal tangent plane and the normal along the second centroidal tangent plane; or The optical functional surface is a curved surface, the fusion surface is a plane, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal line along the tangent plane of the first centroid and the normal line at the second centroid; or The optical functional surface is a plane, the fusion surface is a curved surface, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal at the first centroid and the normal along the tangent plane of the second centroid.

[0006] In some embodiments, the microstructure unit further includes a top surface, which is connected to the side of the optical functional surface away from the fusion surface and is disposed opposite to the fusion surface in the thickness direction; the top surface is a plane or a curved surface.

[0007] In some embodiments, the surface is selected from any one of a sphere, an aspherical surface, a freeform surface, a cylindrical surface, or a torus / complex surface.

[0008] In some embodiments, there are multiple optical functional surfaces, and the angle θ between any of the multiple optical functional surfaces and the fusion surface is the same for all of them; or The optical functional surfaces are multiple, and at least two of the multiple optical functional surfaces have different included angles θ with the fusion surface.

[0009] In some embodiments, the body has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction; When the included angle θ satisfies θ∈(0°, 90°) and the optical functional surface protrudes from the first surface, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface satisfies: ; When the included angle θ satisfies θ∈(0°, 90°) and the optical functional surface protrudes from the second surface, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface satisfies: ; Where P represents the deflection capability, in centimeters per meter (cm / m); n represents the refractive index of the material of the microstructure unit.

[0010] In some embodiments, the deflection capability P further satisfies: 0 <P<150。

[0011] In some embodiments, when the microstructure unit is disposed on the first surface, the included angle θ further satisfies: θ∈[45°, 90°); When the microstructure unit is disposed on the second surface, the included angle θ further satisfies: θ∈[10°, 55°].

[0012] In some embodiments, when measured under pupil conditions with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm and centered at any point within a range of 5 to 15 mm from the reference point of the body, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the optical element containing the microstructure unit on the retina satisfies the following conditions: in the spatial frequency range of 0.5 to 10 lp / mm, MTF ∈ [0.05, 1); in the spatial frequency range of 10 to 30 lp / mm, MTF ∈ [0.01, 0.7].

[0013] In some embodiments, when there are multiple optical functional surfaces, and at least two of the multiple optical functional surfaces have different included angles θ with the fusion surface, the deflection capabilities of the at least two optical functional surfaces are different from each other.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of microstructural units are connected to each other; or, any two of the plurality of microstructural units are spaced apart from each other.

[0015] In some embodiments, the filling rate F of the plurality of microstructure units in the control region satisfies: 20% ≤ F ≤ 90%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the fill rate of the microstructure units is gradually distributed along the radial direction; or, a plurality of the microstructure units are uniformly distributed within the control region.

[0017] In some embodiments, the plurality of microstructure units are symmetrically distributed within the control region; or, the plurality of microstructure units are asymmetrically distributed within the control region.

[0018] In some embodiments, the control region further includes a blank area, and the optical element further includes: Multiple micro-optical units are disposed in the blank area and connected to the body, and are used to cooperate with the body to form a stimulation signal.

[0019] In some embodiments, the micro-optical unit is selected from transparent structures such as microlenses, microcylinders, and microprisms, or from at least one of incompletely transparent structures such as dot-shaped, spiral, frosted, and concentric ring-shaped structures. The stimulation signal includes at least one of low-order aberrations, increased or decreased contrast, high-order aberrations, retinal diffusion spots, and increased or decreased color saturation.

[0020] In some embodiments, this disclosure also provides an optical device including the aforementioned optical element.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this application fabricates a series of precise microstructure units on the surface of optical elements. These microstructure units precisely modulate the incident light wavefront, causing the incident light to deflect and providing optical signals that interfere with peripheral retinal imaging. This disrupts the peripheral retina's "neural adaptation" to the original optical signals, thereby confusing the retinal nerve center and inhibiting the further development of refractive errors. Because it can produce a unique and persistent non-sharp imaging effect in the peripheral retinal region, this structured light field modulation method effectively avoids the "drug resistance" and aesthetic problems that may arise from traditional defocus or DOT designs. The microstructure unit array provided by this application not only has durable and stable optical performance, but its design and arrangement also take into account the aesthetics of optical elements, providing patients with a new option for refractive error management that offers sustained effects and a better wearing experience. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a microstructure unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another microstructure unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another microstructure unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another microstructure unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another microstructure unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the microstructure unit shown; Figure 9 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the microstructure unit shown; Figure 10 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the microstructure units disposed on the first surface; Figure 11 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a microstructure unit disposed on the second surface; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 for Figure 15 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 17 for Figure 15 Enlarged view of point E in the middle; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 19 for Figure 18 Enlarged view of point F in the middle; Figure 20 for Figure 19 A side view; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of fill rate calculation provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 22 A schematic diagram showing a gradually changing fill rate of the microstructure units provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 23 The modulation transfer function of an optical element shown by a microstructure unit with an angle θ gradually increasing; Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of another optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of another optical element structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 26 A side view of an optical element provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 27 A side view of another optical element provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 28 This application provides a schematic diagram of a symmetrically distributed microstructure unit in its embodiments; Figure 29 This application provides a schematic diagram of an asymmetric distribution of microstructure units in an embodiment. Figure 30 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another microstructure unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 31 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another microstructure unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 32 For containing Figure 8 The modulation transfer function of the optical element of the hexagonal frustum microstructure unit shown; Figure 33 For containing Figure 30 and Figure 31 The modulation transfer function of the optical element of the microstructure unit; Figure 34 A schematic diagram of an optical element including a micro-optical unit is provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure label: 10-Body, 101-Visible area, 102-Control area, 103-First surface, 104-Second surface, 105-Blank area, 20-Microstructure unit, 201-Fusion surface, 202-Optical functional surface, 203-First centroid, 204-Second centroid, 205-Top surface, 30-Reference point, 40-Micro optical unit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and at least one can mean one, two, or more, unless otherwise expressly specified.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the term "optical element" specifically refers to an element capable of transmitting, refracting, reflecting, diffracting, or filtering light. Optical elements include, but are not limited to, myopia lenses (negative lenses), hyperopia lenses (positive lenses), astigmatic lenses (polygonal lenses), progressive multifocal lenses, bifocal lenses, and contact lenses; functional lenses, such as photochromic lenses, polarizing lenses, blue light blocking lenses, UV blocking lenses, and tinted lenses; and lenses with special surface shapes or structures, such as spherical lenses, aspherical lenses, freeform lenses, and Fresnel lenses. Optical elements can be single-layer structures or multi-layer structures composed of one or more functional coatings (such as hardening coatings, anti-reflective coatings, waterproof coatings, and dustproof coatings).

[0027] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the term "optical device" refers to a device used to carry, fix, or integrate optical elements. An optical device includes optical elements, a mounting portion for positioning the optical elements, and a support portion for supporting the mounting portion in a position of use (such as in front of a person's eyes or in the optical path of the device). Optical devices include, but are not limited to, eyeglasses (including myopia glasses, hyperopia glasses, reading glasses, sunglasses, and contact lenses), goggles (including ski goggles, swimming goggles, and welding masks), smart glasses, augmented reality glasses, and virtual reality headsets.

[0028] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment discloses an optical element, including: a body 10 and a plurality of microstructure units 20; the body 10 has a clear vision region 101 and a control region 102 disposed around the clear vision region 101, the clear vision region 101 being used to generate a clear vision signal; the body 10 has a radial direction and a thickness direction perpendicular to the radial direction; the plurality of microstructure units 20 are disposed within the control region 102 and integrally formed with the body 10, the microstructure unit 20 including a fusion surface 201 connected to the body 10 and an optical functional surface 202 connected to the fusion surface 201 and protruding from the body 10 along the thickness direction; the optical functional surface 202 is configured to when When incident light rays pass through the optical functional surface 202 along the thickness direction, they are deflected, thereby forming a blurred image in the periphery of the retina, reducing the imaging quality of the periphery of the retina, and suppressing the abnormal development of refractive errors; there is an angle θ between the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201, satisfying: θ∈(0°, 90°); wherein, the optical functional surface 202 has a first centroid 203, and the fusion surface 201 has a second centroid 204; the angle θ refers to the minimum angle between the normal at the first centroid 203 or the normal along the tangent plane of the first centroid 203 and the normal at the second centroid 204 or the normal along the tangent plane of the second centroid 204.

[0029] It should be noted that, in combination Figure 1As can be seen, in the optical element of this embodiment, the microstructure unit 20 set in the optical element control area 102 uses its optical functional surface 202 to deflect the incident light, forming a blurred image in the periphery of the retina, reducing the peripheral imaging quality, and effectively interfering with the peripheral imaging of the retina. This breaks the "neural adaptation" of the peripheral retina to the original optical signal, confuses the retinal nerve center, and thus inhibits the further development of refractive errors, providing a new and potentially effective means of vision correction and control for patients with refractive errors. The clear vision zone 101 of the main body 10 is used to generate a clear visual signal, ensuring the clarity of the central visual field when the wearer is viewing objects, meeting normal visual needs. The microstructure unit 20 in the control area 102 only acts on the periphery of the retina and does not interfere with the central visual field, thus taking into account the wearer's visual comfort and functionality to a certain extent, so that the wearer can obtain vision correction effect without experiencing discomfort due to a significant decrease in visual quality. An angle θ is set between the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201, satisfying θ∈(0°, 90°). By precisely controlling this angle, the tilt of the optical functional surface 202 can be flexibly adjusted, thereby precisely controlling the deflection angle and direction of light to achieve the best peripheral retinal blurring effect, realizing personalized vision correction solutions and better meeting the needs of patients with different degrees of refractive error. The integrated design of the microstructure unit 20 and the body 10 ensures the overall structural stability and consistency of optical performance of the optical element. This avoids imaging deviations that may occur due to loose component connections or mismatched optical performance, improving the reliability and effectiveness of the optical element.

[0030] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The visible field 101 is centered on reference point 30 of the body 10. Reference point 30 can be the optical center or geometric center of the body 10, taking the shape of the body 10 as an example. When the body 10 is a regular shape such as a circle or square, the optical center coincides with the geometric center. The term "optical center" refers to the center of symmetry of the body 10 along the optical axis. Light rays passing through the optical center will not be deflected, and the propagation direction of the light beam will not deviate from the axis.

[0031] In some embodiments, both the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201 are planes, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal at the first centroid 203 and the normal at the second centroid 204.

[0032] In some embodiments, both the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201 are curved surfaces, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal line along the tangent plane of the first centroid 203 and the normal line along the tangent plane of the second centroid 204.

[0033] In some embodiments, the optical functional surface 202 is a curved surface, the fusion surface 201 is a plane, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal line along the tangent plane of the first centroid 203 and the normal line at the second centroid 204.

[0034] In some embodiments, the optical functional surface 202 is a plane, the fusion surface 201 is a curved surface, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal at the first centroid 203 and the normal along the tangent plane of the second centroid 204.

[0035] It should be noted that due to the structural diversity of the microstructure unit 20, either the fusion surface 201 or the optical functional surface 202 can be a planar or curved surface. The curvature of a planar surface is 0, while the curvature of a curved surface is not 0. For a planar surface, the "centroid" refers to the geometric center of the planar shape. For a planar shape of uniform thickness, the centroid is the average position of the mass distribution of the shape. For simple regular shapes, such as rectangles and circles, there are explicit formulas for calculating the position of the centroid. For example, the centroid of a rectangle is located at the intersection of its two diagonals, which is the midpoint between its length and width; the centroid of a circle is its center. In this embodiment, if the fusion surface 201 or the optical functional surface 202 is a planar shape, its second centroid 204 or first centroid 203 is the geometric center of the planar shape. For a curved surface, the "centroid" is the geometric center of the curved surface, which is the average position of the mass distribution of the curved surface, and needs to be calculated using methods such as surface integrals. For regular curved surfaces, such as spheres and cylinders, there are also corresponding methods for calculating the position of the centroid. In this embodiment, when the optical functional surface 202 or the fusion surface 201 is a curved surface, the first centroid 203 or the second centroid 204 is the geometric center of the curved surface. After determining the centroid of the curved surface, the normal along the tangent plane of the first centroid 203 or the normal along the tangent plane of the second centroid 204 is used to define the included angle θ, thereby accurately describing the relative angular relationship between the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201, which plays a key role in controlling the deflection of light.

[0036] See further Figure 2 Taking the microstructure unit 20 as an example, it can be seen that the second centroid 204 of the fusion surface 201 is at β, and the first centroid 203 of the optical functional surface 202 is at α. Since... Figure 2 Both the fusion surface 201 and the optical functional surface 202 are planes, therefore, by drawing normals with their respective centroids, we obtain... l 2 and l 1. The angle between the two normals is the included angle θ. Of course, if either the fusion surface 201 or the optical functional surface 202 is a curved surface, the centroid of the corresponding curved surface can be found according to the existing calculation formula, and the included angle θ can also be obtained by drawing the normal of the tangent plane along the centroid. The specific process will not be elaborated here.

[0037] See further Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 4 Another microstructure unit 20 of a different structure is shown in Figure 4 . The microstructure unit 20 has 4 optical functional surfaces 202 and 1 fusion surface 201, and the fusion surface 201 is a curved surface; Figure 5 A microstructure unit 20 approximated to a frustum of a cone is shown in Figure 5 . The microstructure unit 20 has 1 optical functional surface 202 and 1 fusion surface 201, and the optical functional surface 202 is a curved surface. Figure 6 A microstructure unit 20 with a triangular pyramid structure is shown in Figure 6 . It has 3 optical functional surfaces 202 and 1 fusion surface 201, and each surface is a plane. When the incident light passes through the microstructure unit 20 as shown above, the path of its outgoing light will deviate, giving peripheral stimulation to the retina, breaking the "neural adaptation" of the retina periphery to the original optical signal, thus confusing the retinal nerve center to continuously and effectively inhibit the further development of refractive errors.

[0038] In some embodiments, further referring to Figure 2 , the microstructure unit 20 further includes a top surface 205. The top surface 205 is connected to the side of the optical functional surface 202 away from the fusion surface 201 and is disposed opposite to the fusion surface 201 in the thickness direction. It can be understood that no matter how the optical functional surface 202 protrudes on the body 10, the top surface 205 is the surface on the side away from the body 10, and the incident light can also pass through the top surface 205 and generate a certain deflection, thus generating a specific optical effect. Figure 2 In some embodiments, the top surface 205 is a plane or a curved surface. For example,

[0039] in Figure 2 , the microstructure unit 20 has a top surface 205 that is a plane; Figure 2 in Figure 7 , the microstructure unit 20 has a top surface 205 that bulges upward; of course, the top surface 205 can also be curved downward or have a shape with ups and downs. Figure 7

[0040] Figure 3 Further referring to Figure 3 , it is a top view of Figure 2 . Among them, the microstructure unit 20 has a maximum size of D1 mm and a minimum size of D2 mm. The maximum size D1 is the distance between the two farthest points in the fusion surface 201, and the minimum size D2 is the distance between the two farthest points in the top surface 205. Among them, the maximum size D1 satisfies: 0.06 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 4 mm; the minimum size D2 satisfies: 0 mm < D2 < 4 mm, and D2 < D1. Figure 3 , is Figure 2 the top view of Figure 2 , where the microstructure unit 20 has a maximum size of D1 mm and a minimum size of D2 mm. The maximum size D1 is the distance between the two farthest points in the fusion surface 201, and the minimum size D2 is the distance between the two farthest points in the top surface 205. Among them, the maximum size D1 satisfies: 0.06 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 4 mm; the minimum size D2 satisfies: 0 mm < D2 < 4 mm, and D2 < D1.

[0041] In some embodiments, the curved surface is selected from any one of a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, a freeform surface, a cylindrical surface, a toroidal surface / super toroidal surface.

[0042] In some embodiments, there are multiple optical functional surfaces 202, and the angle θ between any of the multiple optical functional surfaces 202 and the fusion surface 201 is the same for all of them. See also Figure 2 All included angles θ are the same. Combined with... Figure 2 For microstructural units 20, patients with low refractive error or those wearing glasses for the first time can have the same angle θ between each optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201 to provide the same optical signal to stimulate the periphery of the retina, making the stimulation signals in all directions more balanced.

[0043] In some embodiments, there are multiple optical functional surfaces 202, and at least two of the multiple optical functional surfaces 202 have different included angles θ with the fusion surface 201.

[0044] Understandably, the included angle θ reflects the deflection of light rays through the optical functional surfaces 202 of the microstructure unit 20, and this can be described using the deflection capability or difference between each optical functional surface 202. See further... Figure 26 The body 10 has a first surface 103 and a second surface 104 disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction. It should be noted that, with Figure 26 For example, the first surface 103 is the optical element surface on the side away from the human eye, and the second surface 104 is the optical element surface on the side closer to the human eye.

[0045] See further Figure 8 or Figure 9 When incident light rays along the principal optical axis pass through the optical functional surface 202, the path of the outgoing light rays is deflected relative to the principal optical axis, thereby forming a blurred image in the periphery of the retina, reducing the imaging quality of the periphery of the retina, and thus suppressing the abnormal development of refractive errors. The principal optical axis is the normal direction of the fusion surface 201, θ is the angle between the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201, and γ is the deflection angle of the outgoing light rays passing through the optical functional surface 202. The deflection capability of the optical functional surface 202 is related to the deflection angle γ, and the angle θ and the deflection angle γ satisfy a certain mapping relationship. Therefore, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface 202 changes with the angle θ.

[0046] by Figure 10 For example, when the microstructure unit 20 is disposed on the first surface 103, the mapping relationship between the included angle θ and the deflection angle γ satisfies: ;by Figure 11 For example, when the microstructure unit 20 is disposed on the second surface 104, the mapping relationship between the included angle θ and the deflection angle γ satisfies: .

[0047] Therefore, combining the mapping relationship above, see... Figure 10When the included angle θ satisfies θ∈(0°, 90°) and the optical functional surface 202 protrudes from the first surface 103, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface 202 satisfies: Where P represents the deflection capability, in centimeters per meter (cm / m); n represents the refractive index of the material of the microstructure unit 20. From the relationship, it can be found that the angle θ can affect the deflection capability of each optical functional surface 202 of the microstructure unit 20, that is, it can affect the deflection of incident light by the microstructure unit 20. Furthermore, the larger the angle θ, the greater the effect of the microstructure unit 20 on the deflection of incident light, resulting in a greater reduction in the peripheral imaging quality of the retina. When the refractive index n is chosen to be 1.50, 1.56, 1.60, 1.67, and 1.74, the deflection capability of each optical functional surface 202 satisfies: .

[0048] See Figure 11 When the included angle θ satisfies θ∈(0°, 90°) and the optical functional surface 202 protrudes from the second surface 104, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface 202 satisfies: Where P represents the deflection capability, in centimeters per meter (cm / m); n represents the refractive index of the material of microstructural unit 20. From this formula, it can be found that when n=1.50, θ∈(0°, 41.8°], or n=1.56, θ∈(0°, 39.8°], or n=1.60, θ∈(0°, 38.7°], or n=1.67, θ∈(0°, 36.7°], or n=1.74, θ∈(0°, 35.1°], as the included angle θ increases, the influence of microstructural unit 20 on the deflection of incident light rays increases, resulting in a greater reduction in the peripheral imaging quality of the retina; when n=1.50, θ∈[41.8°, 90°), or n=1.56, θ∈[39.8°, 90°), or n=1.60, θ∈[38.7°, 90°), or n=1.67 When n = 1.74 and θ ∈ [36.7°, 90°), or n = 1.74 and θ ∈ [35.1°, 90°), the larger the included angle θ, the smaller the effect of microstructural unit 20 on the deflection of incident light, and the less the image quality of the peripheral retina is reduced. When n = 1.50 and θ = 41.8°, or n = 1.56 and θ = 39.8°, or n = 1.60 and θ = 38.7°, or n = 1.67 and θ = 36.7°, or n = 1.74 and θ = 35.1°, the effect of microstructural unit 20 on the deflection of incident light reaches its maximum. When the refractive index n is selected as 1.50, 1.56, 1.60, 1.67 and 1.74, the deflection capability of each optical functional surface 202 satisfies: It should be noted that the refractive indices of optical components are roughly those mentioned above, but are not limited to the range listed. Depending on the change in the refractive index of the material, the deflection capability of each optical functional surface 202 will also change accordingly.

[0049] In some embodiments, when the microstructure unit 20 is disposed on the first surface 103, the included angle θ further satisfies: θ∈[45°, 90°); a further preferred range is: θ∈[61.3°, 90°); and the most preferred range is: θ∈[71.8°, 90°).

[0050] In some embodiments, when the microstructure unit 20 is disposed on the second surface 104, the included angle θ further satisfies: θ∈[10°, 55°]; a further preferred range is: θ∈[30.3°, 48.5°]; and the most preferred range is: θ∈[33.1°, 45°].

[0051] In some embodiments, when there are multiple optical functional surfaces 202, and at least two of the multiple optical functional surfaces 202 have different included angles θ with the fusion surface 201, the deflection capabilities of the at least two optical functional surfaces 202 are different from each other. See also Figure 6 Each optical functional surface 202 of the microstructural unit 20 is planar, and the angle between the normal of each optical functional surface 202 and the normal of the fusion surface 201 is different. For patients with high refractive error or younger age who do not respond well to inhibiting the abnormal development of refractive error, at least two optical functional surfaces 202 can be set to have different angles θ between them and the fusion surface 201, so that the deflection capacity of at least two optical functional surfaces 202 is different, thereby providing diversified optical signals to stimulate the peripheral retina and achieving ideal refractive error management.

[0052] See further Figure 1 The main body 10 is provided with a clear vision area 101 and a control area 102 containing a number of microstructure units 20. The microstructure units 20 and the main body 10 are integrally formed and have no physical interface and are seamlessly connected. When the wearer views objects through the clear vision zone 101 of the optical element (such as looking directly at a blackboard or book), a clear visual signal is formed in the center of the visual field, and there is no blurring of the vision, just like with ordinary single-vision optical devices. However, when the wearer's eyeballs move and look at surrounding objects through the control zone 102 of the optical element, the incident light rays will be deflected relative to the principal optical axis after passing through the microstructure unit 20, forming a blurred image in the periphery of the retina and / or reducing some of the light entering the eye, thereby reducing the image quality and / or illuminance of the periphery of the retina. This causes the wearer to experience a blurred image and / or visual haze in the periphery of the retina. The wearer may feel a slight blur, fluctuation, or distortion. This is also the optical stimulation signal provided by the microstructure unit 20 to the periphery of the retina. However, the brain will automatically ignore this abnormal vision in the periphery of the retina and only focus on the clear image in the center. The optical stimulation signal will always exist and will not affect the wearer's wearing experience.

[0053] It should be noted that the deflection capability of the microstructure unit 20 can also be characterized by the modulation transfer function (MTF), which can be geometric MTF, FFT MTF, or Huygens MTF. MTF is an important method for evaluating the imaging quality of an optical system; a higher MTF value indicates better imaging quality and higher contrast, while a lower MTF value indicates worse imaging quality and lower contrast. If the optical system is not close to the diffraction limit, i.e., when the aberrations of the optical system are significant, then geometric MTF is used, especially at lower spatial frequencies. See also Figure 1 , Figure 10 Microstructure unit 20 is arranged according to Figure 1 The microstructure units are arranged and positioned on the first surface 103, which is furthest from the eye, and then combined with the eye to form a mirror-eye system. By changing the angle θ between each optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201 in the microstructure unit 20, the geometric MTF is used to determine the effect of the microstructure unit 20 on the deflection of incident light. Figure 23 As shown, L1-L5 represent microstructural units 20 with gradually increasing angle θ. As the angle θ increases, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface 202 of the microstructural unit 20 increases, the geometric MTF of the retina decreases faster, and the imaging quality of the retina decreases more significantly, meaning the imaging contrast on the retina decreases faster and more dramatically. Figure 32As shown, when measured under the condition of a pupil with a diameter of 3 - 5 mm centered at any point within the range of 3.05 - 15 mm from the reference point 30 of the body 10, the modulation transfer function MTF of the optical element including the microstructure unit 20 on the retina satisfies the following conditions: within the spatial frequency range of 0.5 - 10 lp / mm, MTF ∈ [0.05, 1); within the spatial frequency range of 10 - 30 lp / mm, MTF ∈ [0.01, 0.7]. Among them, L, L’, and L’’ are three representative modulation transfer function curves when the distance from the reference point 30 of the body 10 is within 5 - 15 mm and the pupil diameter is 3 - 5 mm. Through further analysis, it is found that in the eye - lens system, at a distance of 5 mm from the reference point 30 on the body 10, within the spatial frequency range of 0.5 - 2 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.9 ≤ MTF < 1; within the spatial frequency range of 2 - 10 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.6 ≤ MTF < 1; within the spatial frequency range of 10 - 30 lp / mm: when the pupil diameter is 3 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.08 ≤ MTF ≤ 0.7, when the pupil diameter is 4 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.06 ≤ MTF ≤ 0.7, and when the pupil diameter is 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.05 ≤ MTF ≤ 0.7. At a distance of 10 mm from the reference point 30 on the body 10, within the spatial frequency range of 0.5 - 2 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.9 < MTF < 1; within the spatial frequency range of 2 - 10 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.07 ≤ MTF < 1; within the spatial frequency range of 10 - 30 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.01 ≤ MTF ≤ 0.7. At a distance of 15 mm from the reference point 30 on the body 10, within the spatial frequency range of 0.5 - 2 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.9 < MTF < 1; within the spatial frequency range of 2 - 10 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.05 ≤ MTF < 1; within the spatial frequency range of 10 - 30 lp / mm: when the pupil diameters are 3, 4, and 5 mm, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is 0.01 ≤ MTF ≤ 0.7.It is understandable that, based on the pupil diameter, position on the body 10, and spatial frequency of the aforementioned eye system, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery is roughly as described above, but is not limited to the range listed above. As the parameters change, the geometric MTF value range of the retina periphery will also change accordingly.

[0054] In some embodiments, the included angle θ between the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201 may be different, as further seen in... Figure 6 and Figure 13 The microstructure unit 20 has three optical functional surfaces 202 and one fusion surface 201. The angles θ between the three optical functional surfaces 202 and the fusion surface 201 are different, that is, the deflection ability P of each optical functional surface 202 is different. Each optical functional surface 202 is a plane, that is, the curvature is 0. Figure 13 In the middle, the main body 10 is provided with a clear viewing area 101, and is provided with several Figure 6 The microstructure unit 20 shown.

[0055] It should be noted that when the microstructure unit 20 is disposed on the first surface 103 on the side away from the human eye, and the included angle θ is within the range of (0°, 90°), the difference in deflection capability between any two optical functional surfaces 202 is significant. If the refractive index of the material is selected to be 1.586, then When the microstructure unit 20 is disposed on the second surface 104 near the human eye, and the included angle θ is within the range of (0°, 90°), the difference in deflection capability between any two optical functional surfaces 202 is... If the refractive index of the material is selected to be 1.586, then .

[0056] In some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of microstructural units 20 are connected to each other; or, any two of the plurality of microstructural units 20 are spaced apart from each other. For example, see Figure 1 The microstructural units 20 are spaced apart from each other. See also Figure 13 At least two microstructural units 20 are connected to each other.

[0057] In some embodiments, see further. Figure 1 The visible area 101 is centered on the reference point 30 of the main body 10, and the edge of the visible area 101 has a minimum distance D3mm between it and the reference point 30, satisfying: 1≤D3≤6; the edge of the control area 102 has a maximum distance D4mm between it and the reference point 30, satisfying: 15≤D4≤40; wherein, the reference point 30 is any one of the geometric center, optical center, assembly center, and prism reference point of the main body 10.

[0058] In some embodiments, see further. Figure 26 The distance between the two furthest points within the fusion surface 201 of each microstructural unit 20 is the same, and the distance between the two furthest points within the top surface 205, which is opposite to the fusion surface 201, is also the same. That is... Figure 26 In the middle, D 11 With D 12 Equal, D 21 With D 22 Equal. Or see Figure 27 In some other embodiments, the distance between the two furthest points within the fusion surface 201 of each microstructural unit 20 may also be unequal, i.e. Figure 27 In the middle, D 11 With D 12 They are not equal. Or see also Figure 27 In some embodiments, the distance between the two furthest points on the top surface 205 opposite to the fusion surface 201 may also be unequal, i.e. Figure 27 In the middle, D 21 With D 22 They are not equal.

[0059] In some embodiments, see further. Figure 26 In the control region 102, each microstructure unit 20 has the same deflection capability, meaning that the angles between the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201 on the same cross section of any two microstructure units 20 are θ1 and θ2, respectively, and θ1 and θ2 are equal. Alternatively, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 27 In some other embodiments, the angle between the optical functional surface 202 and the fusion surface 201 on the same cross section of any two microstructure units 20 may also be unequal, i.e. Figure 27 In the given information, θ1 and θ2 are not equal.

[0060] In some embodiments, the filling rate F of the plurality of microstructural units 20 in the control region 102 satisfies: 20% ≤ F ≤ 90%. It should be noted that... Figure 1 For example, the fill rate F can be understood as the ratio of the sum of the areas of the orthographic projections of all microstructural units 20 onto the body 10 to the area of ​​the control region 102. See further details. Figure 21 The radius of the local control region 102A is R5. The area of ​​a single microstructural unit 20 within the local control region 102A is S, the number of units is n, and all microstructural units 20 are of the same size. Then, the fill rate of the microstructural units 20 in the local control region 102A is... If the control area 102 or a local area of ​​the selected control area 102 is a non-circular shape, its area can be calculated based on the actual shape.

[0061] Furthermore, when a sufficient number of microstructural units 20 are distributed within the control region 102, the optical functional surfaces 202 of these microstructural units 20 can deflect incident light rays, forming a blurred image in the periphery of the retina. If the fill rate is too low (less than 20%), the number of microstructural units 20 is too small, making it difficult to form a blurred image of sufficient intensity and range in the periphery of the retina, thus failing to effectively interfere with the "neural adaptation" of the periphery of the retina to the original optical signal, and therefore failing to achieve the goal of inhibiting the further development of refractive errors. On the other hand, if the fill rate is too high (greater than 90%), the resulting blurred image may exceed the physiological tolerance range of the human eye, potentially causing visual deprivation, leading to visual pathway blockage, and preventing the brain from obtaining normal visual images. Over time, this may cause atrophy and functional degeneration of visual cortex cells, which is detrimental to the control of abnormal development of refractive errors. A fill rate of 20% to 90% can effectively interfere with peripheral retinal imaging while maintaining a relatively reasonable level of visual interference.

[0062] In some embodiments, the fill ratio of the microstructure unit 20 is gradually distributed along the radial direction. For example, see... Figure 22 The fill rate F of the microstructural units 20 in the control region 102 gradually decreases from the center to the edge. This gradual decrease in fill rate F from the center to the edge is not limited to a gradual decrease; it can also be a gradual increase. Alternatively, it can be as follows: Figure 21 As shown, the fill rate F of the microstructural units 20 within a local area of ​​the control region 102 is not equal. For example, the fill rate F of the microstructural units 20 in local areas B and A within the control region 102 is not equal. When the fill rates are not equal, the fill rates in local areas B and A differ by at least 2%. When the human eye scans areas with different fill rates, it can generate different areas of optical blur signals, stimulating the visual nerve center, reducing "neural adaptation," and is more conducive to long-term suppression of the development of refractive errors.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 or Figure 12 As shown, in order to further ensure the uniformity of visual modulation, the multiple microstructure units 20 are preferably evenly distributed within the modulation region 102.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 28 As shown, multiple microstructural units 20 are symmetrically distributed within the control region 102. Their distribution characteristics can be described as follows: with the reference point 30 of the body 10 as the center, and using the multiple microstructural units 20 as a reference shape, the shapes can completely overlap after rotation or folding about a straight line passing through the reference point 30. For example, in... Figure 1In the diagram, the microstructural units 20 are distributed with left-right and top-bottom symmetry, meaning that after being folded about a straight line perpendicular or horizontally passing through reference point 30, the diagram can completely overlap; Figure 28 In the diagram, multiple microstructural units 20 are distributed in a rotationally symmetric manner, meaning that this distribution can be obtained by rotating multiple microstructural units 20. For example, in the enlarged illustration, with reference point 30 as the center, the microstructural units 20 completely overlap after rotating 180° around that point. In other embodiments, such as... Figure 29 As shown, multiple microstructural units 20 are asymmetrically distributed within the control area 102. Their distribution characteristics can be described as follows: Using the reference point 30 of the body 10 as the center, and taking multiple microstructural units 20 as a reference shape, the shapes cannot be completely superimposed after rotation or folding about any straight line passing through the reference point 30. Firstly, with the asymmetrical distribution of the microstructural units 20, when both eyes scan towards different peripheral directions of the optical element, the distribution of microstructural units 20 along any visual path exhibits asymmetry. This asymmetrical design can dynamically change the intensity of optical blur signals along each path during eye movements (eye rotation towards the periphery), forming a strong signal contrast, thereby activating the visual nervous system's sensitivity to blur signals and creating a dynamically changing optical signal stimulation state in the peripheral retinal region, reducing "neural adaptation." Secondly, for patients with insensitive responses to traditional symmetrical microstructural optical elements, the asymmetrical distribution design can stimulate their visual system to respond quickly to optical signals, thus achieving a more effective intervention. This structural mechanism further enhances the effect of inhibiting the development of refractive errors from the optical design level.

[0065] In some embodiments, see further. Figure 12 ,exist Figure 1 Based on this, in addition to the microstructure unit 20, the control area 102 also has a blank area 105. The optical element also includes multiple micro-optical units 40, which are located in the blank area 105 and connected to the body 10, and are used to cooperate with the body 10 to form a stimulation signal.

[0066] Understandable, Figure 12In the optical element structure, besides the microstructure unit 20, other micro-optical units 40 can be introduced to cooperate with the microstructure unit 20 to form various stimulation signals. The micro-optical units 40 are selected from transparent structures such as microlenses, microcylinders, and microprisms, or at least one of incompletely transparent structures such as dot-shaped, spiral, frosted, or concentric ring-shaped structures. The stimulation signals include at least one of low-order aberrations, reduced or increased contrast, high-order aberrations, reduced or increased color saturation, and retinal diffusion spots. Specifically, an incompletely transparent structure refers to a material or component that allows some light to pass through (for example, within a radius of 5mm to 20mm from the optical center, the transmittance within any 5mm to 8mm measuring aperture is less than 95%), but significantly scatters or absorbs some light energy. It can achieve partial transmission and partial control of light (such as scattering, absorption, or selective transmission) to meet specific optical functional requirements.

[0067] See further Figure 12 The micro-optical unit 40 and the microstructure unit 20 can be spaced apart; or as... Figure 14 As shown, the micro-optical unit 40 and the microstructure unit 20 can also be connected to each other. Figure 12 and Figure 14 In this design, the micro-optical unit 40 employs microlenses to generate at least two types of stimulation signals. These signals provide different optical principles to the peripheral retina, further interfering with retinal imaging quality and thus slowing the abnormal progression of refractive errors. Depending on the severity of the patient's refractive error and / or the relative refractive power of the peripheral retina, the stimulation signals can achieve dual, triple, quadruple, or quintuple effects. Specifically, dual, triple, quadruple, and quintuple effects refer to the presence of two, three, four, or five types of stimulation signals, respectively. Figure 12 As shown, within the control area 102, the microstructure unit 20 is combined with a microlens based on low-order aberrations. These low-order aberrations primarily include defocus and astigmatism: defocus refers to the image focal point not falling on the retina, but rather in front of (positive defocus) or behind (negative defocus), resulting in a different refractive power when the microlens is combined with the body 10 compared to the refractive power at reference point 30 of the body 10; astigmatism mainly includes with-the-rule astigmatism, against-the-rule astigmatism, and oblique-axis astigmatism. In refractive error control applications, with-the-rule astigmatism is primarily utilized, defined as the type of astigmatism where the principal meridian of maximum refractive power lies within a range of 90°±30°. Microlenses designed based on with-the-rule astigmatism can alter the astigmatic axis, bringing it within the 60°~120° range. Figure 14 The diagram shows a schematic of the combination of microstructural unit 20 within the control region 102 and a microlens based on normalized astigmatism. Of course, other multi-effect combinations can also be used, such as... Figure 24In the control area 102, the microstructure unit 20 is combined with a dotted structure based on retinal contrast. The principle is that the human eye, in pursuit of clear imaging, tends to focus incident light onto the retina. When a myopic eye wears a single-vision optical element, the focal point of peripheral light often falls behind the retina. To obtain image quality with maximum contrast, the retina tends to move towards the focal point, thereby promoting axial elongation and exacerbating myopia development. This indicates that high-contrast visual signals may be a potential driving factor for the occurrence or progression of myopia. Therefore, moderately reducing retinal imaging contrast is beneficial for myopia control. The dotted structure refers to an incompletely transparent structure that reduces retinal imaging contrast by slightly scattering incident light. Figure 25 In the control area 102, the microstructural unit 20 is combined with a microcylinder based on higher-order aberrations, including coma, spherical aberration, and irregular aberrations. The stimulation signal formed by the micro-optical unit 40 and the body 10 can also be represented as a retinal speckle. The principle is that after the incident light passes through the optical system composed of the micro-optical unit 40, the body 10, and the human eye, the light passing through the micro-optical unit 40 cannot converge into a clear image point on or in front of the retina, but instead forms a speckle in the corresponding area. This optical control mechanism prevents the incident light from stimulating the eye's accommodation or adaptive mechanism in the form of a clear defocus signal, thereby avoiding the risk of inducing reverse defocus. In addition, within the control area 102, the color saturation stimulation signal is formed by the cooperation of the micro-optical unit 40 and the body 10. The mechanism is as follows: after incident light passes through the micro-optical unit 40 made of a specific material, certain wavelengths of light are selectively blocked, while other wavelengths are allowed to pass through. For example, red light, which is beneficial for myopia control, is allowed to pass through, while blue light, which is harmful to myopia control, is blocked. This causes the light focusing position formed around the periretina to be closer to the front of the retina, which is more beneficial for inhibiting the progression of refractive errors. Alternatively, there may be localized differences in color saturation, such as in… Figure 34 In the middle, the micro optical unit 40 has a darker color, resulting in lower color saturation, while the remaining blank area 105 is transparent. The two form a strong color contrast, which can reduce the contrast and thus suppress the abnormal development of refractive errors.

[0068] In some embodiments, see Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 The microstructure unit 20 can also be in the form of a spiral structure, and the microstructure unit 20 is a transparent structure. Compared with most of the micro optical units 40 on the market that use a partially transparent spiral structure to reduce the contrast of retinal imaging, this transparent design can achieve the same function of controlling the development of refractive errors while better taking into account the aesthetics of the optical element.

[0069] In some embodiments, see further. Figure 15 Individuals with a family history of myopia or other predispositions to the condition can use optical elements with more complex stimulus signals, such as triple-effect or higher optical elements, providing three or more types of stimulus signals. See also Figure 16 The control area 102 contains three structures: microstructural units 20, defocus-based microlenses, and dot-like structures based on retinal contrast. The microstructural units 20 and microlenses are arranged alternately in a grid-filled pattern within the control area 102. The microstructural units 20 deflect incident light rays, preventing them from converging to form an image, while the microlenses converge the incident light rays in front of the retina. The optical signals from both control mechanisms jointly stimulate the peripheral retina, causing a blurred image and a rapid decrease in image quality to suppress the abnormal development of refractive errors. Simultaneously, the dot-like structures fill the blank areas 105 around the microstructural units 20 and microlenses, reducing image contrast and creating further visual quality interference. See further details... Figure 17 Dotted structures are added to the edge of the visual field 101, and the density of the dotted structures gradually increases from the center of the visual field 101 to the edge, as shown in [reference needed]. Figure 17 The distance d1 between the dot structures near the edge of the central photopic region 101 is smaller than the distance d2 between the dot structures near the center of the central photopic region 101. This allows the necessary adaptability of the optical elements and the compliance of wearing glasses to be maintained while reducing the central photopic region 101, thereby improving the refractive error management effect.

[0070] Furthermore, when the micro-optical unit 40 adopts a partially transparent dotted structure, its placement can be achieved in various ways, including but not limited to the following locations: on the body 10 corresponding to the blank area 105, on the optical functional surface 202 or top surface 205 of the microstructure unit 20, and on the surface of the microlens. By placing the micro-optical unit 40 in different locations, a composite multi-effect stimulation can be formed.

[0071] In some embodiments, in addition to providing the micro optical unit 40, other structures such as grooves can be provided in the blank area 105. The sidewalls of the grooves can deflect the incident light rays, thereby forming a blurred image in the periphery of the retina, reducing the imaging quality of the periphery of the retina, and suppressing the abnormal development of refractive errors.

[0072] In some embodiments, the microstructure unit 20 can be machined on the concave or convex surface of a metal mold using a single-point diamond lathe or slow-cut servo machining method, and then cast or injection molded to imprint the microstructure unit 20 on the body 10. Alternatively, it can be cast from a glass mold, with at least one surface of the mold bearing the microstructure unit 20, and then thermoset onto the body 10. In some embodiments, the microstructure unit 20 can be formed by laser engraving with a laser wavelength ≤1064nm.

[0073] In some embodiments, optical elements can be cast or injection molded from metal molds, or cast from glass molds to obtain the desired prescription optical power or semi-finished product. The semi-finished product is then machined in a lathe to obtain the desired prescription optical power. In some embodiments, optical elements can also be manufactured to the desired prescription optical power or semi-finished product using UV curing processes with metal and glass molds. The semi-finished product is then machined in a lathe to produce the wearer's desired optical element, or an optical element or optical element blank produced by a bonding process. In some embodiments, the fabrication methods of optical elements include casting, injection molding, single-point turning, laser engraving, surface lamination, and embedded layering.

[0074] In some embodiments, the optical element is made of polymeric materials or inorganic non-metallic materials. The polymeric materials include thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins, and the inorganic non-metallic materials include glass, etc. Thermoplastic resins include polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate; thermosetting resins include any one of acrylic resins, cyclosulfide resins, ethyl thiocarbamate resins, allyl resins, and polycarbamates.

[0075] In some embodiments, a coating film is formed on at least one side of the surface of the optical element. The coating film includes a transparent coating that increases the light transmittance of the optical element, a hard coating that increases the durability of the optical element, a reflective film that blocks harmful light, an anti-reflective coating that improves imaging visibility, a polarizing film with color-changing function, or other color-changing films doped with ultraviolet-sensitive materials. The coating film itself can have different colors; its visual color under reflective conditions can be green, blue, yellow, purple, or other colors.

[0076] In some embodiments, the optical element obtained by the above process can be combined with a mirror frame to further obtain an optical device. The shape of the optical element can be circular, square, elliptical, or other irregular structures. It should be noted that the shape of the optical element is only approximately as described above, and is not limited to a perfect geometric shape.

[0077] In some embodiments, select as Figure 8 and Figure 10 The hexagonal frustum-shaped microstructure unit 20 is shown. Microstructure units 20 with included angles θ of 70.9°, 77.0°, 80.2°, 82.1°, and 83.4° are selected and combined with the same body 10. Optical elements containing only the body 10 are designated with included angle θ as 0° (labeled L0); optical elements containing microstructure units 20 with different included angles θ are labeled L1 to L5 (corresponding to the aforementioned angles θ). MTF data of each optical element on the periphery of the retina are analyzed through simulation (see Table 1 and...). Figure 23The results show that in the low-frequency range of 0–7 lp / mm, compared to the L0 optical element containing only the body 10, the optical elements (L1–L5) including the microstructure unit 20 exhibit significantly reduced imaging contrast on the retina. This indicates that the microstructure unit 20 can effectively deflect incident light rays and change their propagation direction, thereby significantly controlling the imaging quality of the peripheral retina and achieving the optical effect of reducing imaging contrast.

[0078] Table 1

[0079] In some embodiments, select as Figure 30 and Figure 31 The single microstructure unit 20 shown is shown. Figure 30 The included angle θ is in the range of (0°, 90°). Figure 31 The included angle θ is not within the range of (0°, 90°) and is always combined with the same body 10. MTF data of the central retina were analyzed using Zemax simulation (see Table 2 and...). Figure 33 It was found that optical elements satisfying θ∈(0°,90°) are more effective at reducing retinal imaging contrast than optical elements whose θ is not in the range of (0°,90°).

[0080] Table 2

[0081] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of an optical element and optical device provided in the embodiments of this application, and specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An optical element, characterized in that, include: The body has a visual field zone and a control area surrounding the visual field zone, the visual field zone being used to generate a clear visual signal; The body has a radial direction and a thickness direction perpendicular to the radial direction; Multiple microstructure units are disposed within the control area and integrally formed with the body. Each microstructure unit includes a fusion surface connected to the body and an optical functional surface connected to the fusion surface and protruding from the body along the thickness direction. The optical functional surface is configured to deflect incident light rays when they pass through the optical functional surface along the thickness direction, thereby forming a blurred image in the periphery of the retina, reducing the imaging quality of the periphery of the retina, and thus suppressing the abnormal development of refractive errors. The optical functional surface and the fusion surface have an included angle θ, satisfying: θ∈(0°, 90°); Wherein, the optical functional surface has a first centroid, and the fusion surface has a second centroid; the included angle θ refers to the minimum angle between the normal at the first centroid or the normal along the tangent plane of the first centroid and the normal at the second centroid or the normal along the tangent plane of the second centroid.

2. An optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the optical functional surface and the fusion surface are planar, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal at the first centroid and the normal at the second centroid; or Both the optical functional surface and the fusion surface are curved surfaces, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal along the first centroidal tangent plane and the normal along the second centroidal tangent plane; or The optical functional surface is a curved surface, the fusion surface is a plane, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal line along the tangent plane of the first centroid and the normal line at the second centroid; or The optical functional surface is a plane, the fusion surface is a curved surface, and the included angle θ refers to the minimum included angle between the normal at the first centroid and the normal along the tangent plane of the second centroid.

3. An optical element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microstructure unit also includes a top surface, which is connected to the side of the optical functional surface away from the fusion surface and is disposed opposite to the fusion surface in the thickness direction; the top surface is a plane or a curved surface.

4. An optical element according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The surface is selected from any one of the following: spherical surface, aspherical surface, freeform surface, cylindrical surface, and torus / complex surface.

5. An optical element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optical functional surfaces are multiple, and the angle θ between any one of the multiple optical functional surfaces and the fusion surface is the same for all of them; or The optical functional surfaces are multiple, and at least two of the multiple optical functional surfaces have different included angles θ with the fusion surface.

6. An optical element according to claim 5, characterized in that, The body has a first surface and a second surface that are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction; When the included angle θ satisfies θ∈(0°, 90°) and the optical functional surface protrudes from the first surface, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface satisfies: ; When the included angle θ satisfies θ∈(0°, 90°) and the optical functional surface protrudes from the second surface, the deflection capability of the optical functional surface satisfies: ; Where P represents the deflection capability, in centimeters per meter (cm / m); n represents the refractive index of the material of the microstructure unit.

7. An optical element according to claim 6, characterized in that, The deflection capability P further satisfies: 0 <P<150。 8. An optical element according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the microstructure unit is disposed on the first surface, the included angle θ further satisfies: θ∈[45°, 90°); When the microstructure unit is disposed on the second surface, the included angle θ further satisfies: θ∈[10°, 55°].

9. An optical element according to claim 6, characterized in that, When measured with a pupil diameter of 3-5 mm centered at any point within a range of 5-15 mm from the reference point of the main body, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the optical element on the retina satisfies the following conditions: in the spatial frequency range of 0.5-10 lp / mm, MTF∈[0.05, 1); in the spatial frequency range of 10-30 lp / mm, MTF∈[0.01, 0.7].

10. An optical element according to claim 6, characterized in that, When there are multiple optical functional surfaces, and the angle θ between at least two of the multiple optical functional surfaces and the fusion surface is different from each other, the deflection capabilities of at least two of the optical functional surfaces are different from each other.

11. An optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two of the plurality of said microstructural units are connected to each other; or Any two of the plurality of microstructural units are spaced apart from each other.

12. An optical element according to claim 11, characterized in that, The filling rate F of the multiple microstructure units in the control region satisfies: 20% ≤ F ≤ 90%.

13. An optical element according to claim 12, characterized in that, Along the radial direction, the fill rate of the microstructure unit exhibits a gradually changing distribution; or Multiple microstructure units are uniformly distributed within the control region.

14. An optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple microstructure units are symmetrically distributed within the control region; or Multiple microstructure units are asymmetrically distributed within the control region.

15. An optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control region also has a blank area, and the optical element further includes: Multiple micro-optical units are disposed in the blank area and connected to the body, and are used to cooperate with the body to form a stimulation signal.

16. An optical element according to claim 15, characterized in that, The micro-optical unit is a transparent structure, selected from at least one of microlenses, microcylinders, and microprisms; or, the micro-optical unit is a partially transparent structure, selected from at least one of dot-shaped, spiral, frosted, and concentric ring structures. The stimulus signal includes at least one of low-order aberrations, reduced or increased contrast, high-order aberrations, retinal diffuse spots, and reduced or increased color saturation.

17. An optical device, characterized in that, Includes the optical element according to any one of claims 1-16.

Images