Self-adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method and system for high-water-level underground space

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method and system for a high-water-level underground space, and relates to the technical field of grouting control, and the method comprises the steps that an advancing type segmented grouting mode is adopted, a grouting machine is controlled to execute first-section grouting control, and the initial solidification state of first grout is monitored; a grouting controller is triggered by taking the initial solidification state of the first grout as a state condition and taking water level fluctuation as a priori condition, a second-section grouting parameter control decision is executed, and a grouting control strategy is determined and written into a system register; and according to communication interaction of the grouting machine, the drainage device and the register, a grouting control strategy is called, second-section grouting control is executed, and the grouting period is completed through stage polling control. The technical problems that in the prior art, high-water-level underground space grouting lacks a self-adaptive regulation and control mechanism, a high-risk geological section has no safety guarantee, and the grouting period is difficult to stably complete can be solved. The technical effect of improving the safety, the stability and the engineering quality of high-water-level underground space grouting operation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of grouting control technology, and in particular to an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method and system for underground spaces with high water levels. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of underground space projects with high water levels, such as underground tunnels and integrated utility tunnels, grouting is a core process for sealing rock and soil fissures, preventing water seepage, and ensuring structural stability. However, traditional grouting often adopts a one-time integral grouting method, which is not optimized for the characteristics of grout leakage due to incomplete solidification in high water level environments. This results in uneven grout diffusion, poor solidification effect, and difficulty in forming an effective anti-seepage curtain. At the same time, the control of grouting parameters is disconnected from water level monitoring, making it impossible to dynamically adjust key parameters such as grouting pressure and flow rate according to real-time water level fluctuations. Furthermore, the grouting controller relies on fixed logic and cannot adapt to the dynamic working conditions of different geological types. For high-risk geological sections with developed fissures and prone to sudden water level rises, there is a lack of redundant control and early warning mechanisms. Grouting is easily interrupted due to main grouting equipment failure or abnormal water level rise, making it impossible to stably complete the grouting cycle.

[0003] In summary, existing technologies for grouting in underground spaces at high water levels suffer from the lack of adaptive control mechanisms, the absence of safety guarantees in high-risk geological sections, and the difficulty in consistently completing grouting cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method and system for high-water-level underground spaces, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art of lacking an adaptive control mechanism for grouting in high-water-level underground spaces, lacking safety guarantees in high-risk geological sections, and being unable to stably complete the grouting cycle.

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method and system for underground spaces with high water levels.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces. This method is implemented through an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces. The method includes: employing a forward-moving segmented grouting mode; controlling the grouting machine to execute the first stage of grouting control and monitoring the initial solidification of the first grout; using the initial solidification of the first grout as a state condition and water level fluctuation as a priori condition, triggering the grouting controller embedded in the system to execute the second stage of grouting parameter control decision, determining the grouting control strategy and writing it into the system register; retrieving the grouting control strategy based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device, and register; executing the second stage of grouting control; and using forward-moving segmented grouting stage polling control until the grouting cycle is completed.

[0007] Secondly, this application also provides an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces, used to execute the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in the first aspect. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces includes: a monitoring module, which adopts a forward-moving segmented grouting mode to control the grouting machine to execute the first stage of grouting control and monitor the initial solidification of the first grout; a control decision module, which uses the initial solidification of the first grout as a state condition and water level fluctuation as a priori condition to trigger the grouting controller embedded in the system to execute the second stage of grouting control decision, determine the grouting control strategy, and write it into the system register; and a control module, which, based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device, and register, retrieves the grouting control strategy, executes the second stage of grouting control, and performs staged polling control of forward-moving segmented grouting until the grouting cycle is completed.

[0008] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: By adopting a forward-moving segmented grouting mode, the grouting machine is controlled to perform the first stage of grouting control, and the initial solidification of the first grout is monitored. Using the initial solidification of the first grout as the state condition and water level fluctuation as the prior condition, the grouting controller embedded in the system is triggered to execute the second stage of grouting parameter control decision, determine the grouting control strategy and write it into the system register. Based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device and register, the grouting control strategy is retrieved and the second stage of grouting control is executed. Through the stage polling control of forward-moving segmented grouting, the grouting cycle is completed, reducing grout leakage, improving the uniformity of grout solidification and grouting accuracy. In addition, the redundant control mode is used to deal with the risks such as sudden rise in water level, ensuring the stable progress of the grouting cycle, and achieving the technical effect of improving the safety, stability and engineering quality of grouting operations in underground spaces with high water levels.

[0009] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this application. To enable a clearer understanding of the technical means of this application and to facilitate its implementation according to the description, and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application more apparent, specific embodiments of this application are described below. It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces in this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces in this application.

[0012] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: Monitoring module 11, Parameter control decision module 12, Control module 13. Detailed Implementation

[0013] This application solves the technical problem of --- in the prior art by providing an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method and system for underground spaces with high water levels.

[0014] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0015] Example 1, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 This application provides an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for underground spaces with high water levels. The method is applied to an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for underground spaces with high water levels. The specific steps of the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for underground spaces with high water levels are as follows: S100: Adopts a forward segmented grouting mode, controls the grouting machine to perform the first stage of grouting control, and monitors the initial solidification of the first grout.

[0016] Specifically, a progressive segmented grouting mode is adopted. This mode involves dividing the target grouting area into several continuous and independent segments based on the geological type, soil porosity, and water level distribution characteristics in the spatial geometric model. Grouting operations are then carried out segment by segment in a sequential manner, either from front to back or from shallow to deep. After each segment is grouted, a pre-set pause of a few minutes (e.g., 3-5 minutes, dynamically adjusted according to the groundwater level and soil moisture content) is required to allow the grout in that segment to initially solidify before moving on to the next segment. This segmented and gradual approach reduces grout leakage due to incomplete solidification in high-water-level environments, while ensuring the stability of the grouting effect in each segment and avoiding uneven grout diffusion and pressure loss caused by a single, large-scale grouting operation. Control; Based on the segmented planning of this mode, the system starts the first grouting control, that is, for the first grouting segment after division, combined with the initial monitoring data of the segment, the basic control parameters of the first grouting are preset, and the first grouting execution command is issued to the grouting machine through communication interaction between the grouting machine and the system register. At the same time, the drainage device is linked to adjust the drainage flow to complete the grouting operation of the first segment. After the first grouting operation is completed, the system immediately monitors the initial solidification state of the first grout. The initial solidification state of the first grout refers to the key intermediate state in which the grout of the first segment initially loses its fluidity and forms an initial solidified structure but has not fully reached the design strength. It is the core indicator for judging whether the first grouting meets the conditions for entering the next segment.

[0017] S200: Taking the initial solidification of the first grout as the state condition and the water level fluctuation as the a priori condition, the embedded grouting controller of the system is triggered to execute the second stage of grouting parameter control decision, determine the grouting control strategy and write it into the system register.

[0018] Specifically, after completing the first stage of grouting control and monitoring the initial solidification of the first grout, the initial solidification state of the first grout, as monitored after the first stage of grouting, is taken as the state condition. This state represents the core condition where the grout has initially lost its fluidity, formed an initial solidified structure, and has not yet fully reached the design strength. This requires cross-verification using consistency and hardness data collected by the grout solidification sensor and the surrounding water level stability data from the fiber optic level gauge. This ensures that the solidification state meets the requirements for subsequent grouting connections. Only when this stable state is achieved can a reliable operational basis be provided for subsequent decisions. Water level fluctuation is taken as a priori condition. This priori condition refers to the water level fluctuation information obtained after extracting time-series features from the real-time water level data collected by the fiber optic level gauge pre-set in the underground space. This data can intuitively reflect the real-time dynamics of the high water level environment, avoiding a disconnect between subsequent grouting strategies and actual hydrological conditions. When both conditions are met, the system triggers the grouting controller, which has the decision-making capability to adapt to dynamic adjustments in the high water level environment. Subsequently, the grouting controller initiates the second stage of grouting parameter control decision-making. First, it initializes the spatial geometric model based on the initial solidification of the first grout, clarifying the target area and geological boundaries of the second stage of grouting. Then, it combines the water level fluctuation characteristics in the prior conditions, calls the built-in fuzzy logic rules for logical reasoning, and comprehensively analyzes the grout diffusion requirements of the current geological section, the influence of water level on grouting pressure, and the drainage coordination adaptability to determine the grouting control strategy. This strategy is a set of specific parameters that guide the execution of the second stage of grouting. Its parameter control dimensions at least cover grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, directional guidance, and drainage flow rate. After the grouting control strategy is determined, it is immediately written into the system register. The system register is a dedicated storage unit in the system used to store key control commands and parameters. This register can realize real-time communication and interaction with the grouting machine and drainage device.

[0019] S300: Based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device and register, the grouting control strategy is retrieved and the second stage of grouting control is executed. The grouting cycle is completed through the stage polling control of the forward segmented grouting.

[0020] Specifically, after the second-stage grouting control strategy is written into the system register, the grouting machine, the core operating equipment responsible for injecting grout into the target segment of the underground space according to preset parameters, can adjust the grouting pressure, flow rate, and injection direction according to instructions. The drainage device, an auxiliary device cooperating with grouting to maintain stable regional water levels, dynamically adjusts the drainage flow rate to balance the interference of high water levels on grout solidification and diffusion. The register stores the determined grouting control strategy in a dedicated system storage unit, enabling real-time data interaction with the operating equipment. Communication between these three entities is as follows: the register, through an industrial-grade communication protocol, sends the stored second-stage grouting control strategy—including grouting pressure, flow rate, direction guidance, and matching drainage flow parameters—to the grouting machine and drainage device in real time. Simultaneously, the grouting machine provides feedback on pump operating status and remaining grout volume, while the drainage device provides feedback on real-time drainage efficiency and surrounding water level data, ensuring precise matching of equipment actions to strategy requirements. Next, the system retrieves the grouting control strategy and extracts the complete parameters for the second-stage grouting from the register. Subsequently, the second stage of grouting control is executed. According to the strategy instructions, the grouting machine starts the grouting operation in the second stage grouting area through forward segmented grouting, and injects the grout into the target area at the set pressure. At the same time, the drainage device adjusts the drainage flow rate to control the water level around the segment within the preset range of the strategy, so as to avoid the grout dilution caused by the water level being too high or the deformation of the rock and soil structure caused by the water level being too low. After the second stage of grouting is completed, the system pauses grouting during idle intervals. During this period, spatiotemporal water level data is collected through fiber optic level gauges, and the initial solidification state of the grout in the second stage is monitored by grout solidification sensors. After the data is transmitted back to the system, stage polling control is performed, that is, the system enters the cyclic scheduling logic. Using the current segment, such as the solidification state of the grout in the second stage, as the new state condition and the real-time water level fluctuation as the new prior condition, the linkage register is used to retrieve the grouting control strategy for the next segment, such as the third stage, and drive the grouting machine and drainage device to execute the next stage of grouting. Each round of polling is initialized by superimposing the initial solidification state of the grout in the lower level to ensure the connection of grouting effects between segments. This cycle is repeated until all preset grouting segments have completed grouting operations, and the grout in each segment has reached the design solidification strength and sealing requirements. At this time, the grouting cycle, that is, the operation process from the start of the first stage of grouting to the completion of the last stage of grouting and meeting the engineering quality standards, is officially ended.

[0021] Furthermore, prior to triggering the grouting controller embedded in the system, the construction of the grouting controller includes: A lightweight three-dimensional reconstruction of the underground space is performed to determine the spatial geometric model. Based on the spatial geometric model and using fuzzy logic rules as arguments, the system is trained to convergence using a data-driven approach to generate the grouting controller. The grouting controller is then embedded and deployed in the grouting control system.

[0022] Specifically, before triggering the embedded grouting controller to execute subsequent grouting parameter control decisions, the grouting controller must first be constructed. Firstly, for the target underground space, i.e., high-water-level areas requiring drainage-grouting linkage control, such as underground tunnels and integrated utility tunnels, the key characteristics are that the water level is easily affected by geological disturbances, the soil and rock structure is complex, and there is a risk of leakage. Lightweight three-dimensional reconstruction is then carried out. This involves using a combination of lidar and ground-penetrating radar to collect comprehensive data on the structural dimensions of the underground space, such as cross-sectional width, height, support system location, and geological stratification, such as the distribution of sand and clay layers, and the initial water level. Then, point cloud simplification algorithms such as voxel grid downsampling are used to compress the original collected data, reducing the data volume while retaining key geometric features and geological parameters. Finally, a spatial geometric model is generated. This model serves as the spatial benchmark for controller decisions, clearly presenting the segmentation of the underground space, the porosity of the soil and rock in each segment, permeability coefficient, and other core parameters, providing intuitive data support for the spatial adaptability adjustment of subsequent grouting parameters. Next, using the spatial geometric model as a framework, fuzzy logic rules are incorporated into the controller training as arguments. Historical grouting records consistent with the current underground geological type, such as sand and gravel layers and silty clay layers, are collected. The upper-level grouting status, such as the previous grout solidification degree and water level conditions, such as water level fluctuation rate, stable water level value, and grouting parameters, such as the corresponding grouting pressure, flow rate, and drainage flow rate, are extracted from the records and integrated into multiple sets of data sequences. Then, fuzzy logic rules are extracted through logical induction. Subsequently, a data-driven approach was adopted to train the controller model, selecting an LSTM neural network as the base model. This model adapts to the temporal variation characteristics of parameters under high water levels. The segmented volume and soil permeability coefficient extracted from the spatial geometric model, the water level changes and previous grouting parameters from historical grouting data, and the feature weights corresponding to fuzzy logic rules were used as model inputs. The grouting control parameters verified in actual engineering, namely pressure, flow rate, directional guidance, and drainage flow rate, were used as outputs. The mean squared error was used as the loss function, and the model weights were iteratively adjusted through the Adam optimization algorithm. The convergence criterion was that the loss function value was consistently below 0.001 for 50 consecutive training cycles, and the model's prediction error on the validation set data was ≤5%. At this point, the model could stably output decisions adapted to high water levels, ultimately generating the grouting controller. Finally, the trained controller was embedded and deployed in the grouting control system. The controller program was burned to the system's core control unit, such as a PLC or industrial control computer, through an industrial bus interface. This enabled real-time data interaction with the grouting machine, drainage device, registers, and fiber optic level gauge, ensuring that the model could be quickly invoked to execute decisions upon subsequent triggering.

[0023] Furthermore, using fuzzy logic rules as arguments, including: Obtain grouting records, wherein the grouting records are historical grouting data consistent with the geological type of the underground space; based on the grouting records, integrate the upper-level grouting status, water level conditions, and grouting parameters as data sequences to determine multiple grouting sequences; based on the multiple grouting sequences, perform logical integration to determine the fuzzy logic rules.

[0024] Specifically, in the construction of the grouting controller for high-water-level underground spaces, the fuzzy logic rules serve as the basis for the following: First, grouting records are acquired. These are structured data archives containing key information about the entire process of past grouting operations in high-water-level underground spaces, including operation time, geological parameters, grouting operation parameters, and effect verification data. This data is the core data source for generating subsequent logic rules. Furthermore, the geological type of the underground space must be strictly limited to be consistent with the current underground space. That is, only historical grouting data that is completely consistent with the geological characteristics of the underground space to be processed, such as the soil and rock type being sand and gravel layer, silty clay layer, or moderately weathered rock layer, and parameters such as porosity and permeability coefficient, are selected. This includes grouting operation records of underground tunnels, integrated pipe corridors, and other projects under the same geological type. The data must be validated to remove abnormal data caused by equipment failure or human error, thereby ensuring the adaptability of historical data to the current engineering scenario and avoiding rule failure due to geological differences.

[0025] After acquiring the grouting records, three types of data are extracted from each valid historical record: upper-level grouting status, water level conditions, and grouting parameter control. The upper-level grouting status refers to the final effect parameters of the previous grouting operation, such as the initial solidification degree of the grout (calculated from consistency and hardness data collected by sensors in the historical record), whether there are any signs of leakage in the grouting area, and the stability of the grouting pressure in the previous stage. These are key indicators reflecting the foundation of the preceding operations. The water level conditions refer to the real-time hydrological data corresponding to the grouting stage, including the water level fluctuation rate collected by the fiber optic water level gauge, the amount of water level change per unit time, the stable water level value, and the duration of abnormal water level fluctuations. This aligns with the core impact of water level dynamics on the grouting effect under high water level conditions. The grouting parameter control is the set of control parameters actually applied in this grouting operation, covering grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, grouting orientation guidance, and associated drainage flow rate. Subsequently, the upper-level grouting status, water level conditions, and grouting parameters in each historical record were mapped one-to-one with the operation stage along the time dimension, forming a complete data sequence. For example, the upper-level grouting status was: first-stage grout solidification degree 82%, no leakage; water level conditions: water level fluctuation rate 0.4 m / h, stable water level 3.2 m; grouting parameters: grouting pressure 0.7 MPa, flow rate 22 L / min, drainage flow rate 14 m³ / min. 3 / h generates multiple sets of grouting sequences with corresponding relationships by batch processing all valid historical records.

[0026] Finally, logical integration was performed. First, multiple grouting sequences were categorized by geological type (e.g., further distinguishing coarse sand, medium sand, and fine sand under the same sand and gravel layer); water level range (e.g., water level fluctuation rate 0-0.5 m / h, 0.5-1.0 m / h, >1.0 m / h); and upper-level grouting status (e.g., solidification degree ≥85% is excellent, 75%-85% is good, <75% is requiring optimization). Then, logical integration was performed to analyze the commonalities and correlations of grouting control parameters within the same category. For example, in the category of coarse sand layer, upper-level grouting status of solidification degree ≥85%, and water level fluctuation rate of 0-0.5 m / h, the grouting pressure of all sequences was concentrated in the range of 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the drainage flow rate was concentrated in the range of 12-15 m³ / h. 3 Based on this, if the current underground space is segmented into coarse sand layers, and the solidification degree of the upper grout is ≥85% and the water level fluctuation rate is <0.5m / h, then the grouting pressure can be set to 0.6-0.8MPa, with a corresponding drainage flow rate of 12-15m³ / h. 3 The correspondence between the conditions and results of / h, and multiple sets of such data-verified relationships together constitute fuzzy logic rules. Here, fuzziness is reflected in the fact that the parameters are range values ​​adapted to the dynamic environment, rather than absolutely fixed values.

[0027] Furthermore, the second stage of grouting control decision-making is implemented to determine the grouting control strategy, including: Based on the initial solidification of the first grout, the spatial geometric model is initialized to determine the initialization space; based on the fiber optic grating water level gauges deployed in the underground space, water level data is collected and time-series features are extracted to determine the second water level fluctuation characteristics; using the initialization space and the water level fluctuations as inputs, logical reasoning based on the fuzzy logic rules is executed to determine the grouting control strategy, wherein the parameter control dimensions of the grouting control strategy include at least grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, directional guidance, and drainage flow rate.

[0028] Specifically, when implementing the second-stage grouting control decision to determine the grouting control strategy, the underground space geometric model constructed in the early stage is first initialized based on the initial solidification state of the first grout. Initialization refers to correcting the theoretical parameters in the spatial geometric model with the actual monitoring data of the initial solidification state of the first grout, such as the solidification range, solidification intensity distribution, and the bonding boundary with the soil and rock, to eliminate the deviation between the model's preset values ​​and the actual working conditions of the project. Finally, an initialized space is formed, which is a model that can map the real structure of the underground space and the soil-rock coupling state after the first stage of grouting. This provides an accurate spatial benchmark for the target area positioning and parameter adaptation of the second stage of grouting, avoiding execution deviations caused by formulating strategies based on ideal models.

[0029] Subsequently, the fiber optic grating water level gauge pre-deployed in the underground space was activated. This water level gauge is adapted to high-precision water level monitoring equipment in the humid and complex geological environment of high-water-level underground spaces, and performs water level data collection. Specifically, the equipment continuously collects raw water level data of the second grouting area and its surroundings at a preset sampling frequency, covering information such as real-time water level height, instantaneous water level changes, and the relative position of the water level and the rock-soil interface. Next, time-series feature extraction is performed on the collected raw water level data, using time series analysis algorithms such as sliding window trend analysis and wavelet transform denoising, to extract the continuous water level data. Key features are extracted from the time-dimensional data, including the rate of water level rise / fall, the value of water level change per unit time, the fluctuation amplitude, the difference between the maximum and minimum water level values ​​within a certain period, the duration of continuous fluctuation, and abnormal fluctuation nodes, such as the time points of sudden rises and falls in water level. Finally, the second water level fluctuation feature is generated. The second water level fluctuation feature corresponds to the water level monitoring after the first stage of grouting. It specifically refers to the real-time hydrological dynamic features when entering the second stage of grouting decision-making stage. It is different from the initial water level data before the first stage of grouting and is the basis for judging the degree of impact of the current high water level environment on the second stage of grouting.

[0030] After completing the initial space construction and the extraction of the second water level fluctuation characteristics, these two are used as core input parameters to execute logical reasoning based on fuzzy logic rules. This involves calling fuzzy logic rules extracted from historical grouting data consistent with the current underground geological type, and deriving the grouting operation direction and parameter range suitable for the current scenario by matching the current actual working parameters with the conditions in the rules one by one. After the logical reasoning is verified to be correct, the grouting control strategy is finally determined, which is the complete parameter scheme guiding the entire second-stage grouting process. The parameter control dimensions of this strategy include at least four types of data: first, grouting pressure, which refers to the pressure value of the grout injected into the underground rock and soil through the grouting machine. This pressure needs to be set according to the pressure bearing capacity of the rock and soil pores in the initial space; too high a pressure can easily lead to… The following factors are considered: 1) Damage to the soil and rock structure; if the water level is too low, the grout cannot fully fill the pores. 2) Grouting flow rate, which refers to the volume of grout injected underground per unit time, needs to be matched with the characteristics of the second water level fluctuation and the grout solidification rate to ensure that the grout completes effective filling within a stable water level period, avoiding excessive flow rate leading to uncontrolled grout diffusion. 3) Orientation guidance, which refers to the orientation and injection angle of the grouting machine's injection port, needs to be set according to the solidification boundary of the first section of grout in the initial space to ensure seamless connection between the second and first sections of grout and eliminate leakage channels. 4) Drainage flow rate, which refers to the drainage volume of the drainage device per unit time, needs to be set in conjunction with the grouting parameters. By dynamically adjusting the drainage flow rate, the water level in the second grouting area can be maintained stable, avoiding water level fluctuations that dilute the grout or interfere with the solidification process.

[0031] Furthermore, based on the initialization space of the upper-level slurry preliminary solidification state, the lower-level slurry preliminary solidification state is spatially superimposed as a polling initialization method.

[0032] Specifically, in the phased polling process of adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control in high-water-level underground spaces, the current stage of progressive segmented grouting is first clearly defined. When a segment is completed, it is designated as the upper stage, such as the second stage. After grouting and monitoring the initial solidification of the upper grout, the initialization space previously generated based on the initial solidification of the upper grout is invoked. Subsequently, the grouting control of the next stage, designated as the lower stage, such as the third stage, is initiated. After the grouting of the lower stage is completed and the preset idle time interval is met, the initial solidification of the lower grout in the lower stage is collected using the same type of monitoring equipment. That is, the initial solidification state of the grout in the lower stage within its target area must be ensured to be completely consistent with the physical reality. Next, spatial overlay is performed. This involves integrating the spatial information corresponding to the initial solidification of the lower-level grout—including its volume, interface with the upper-level grout, and contact range with surrounding soil and rock—into the initial space of the upper-level grout, based on the actual physical relationships within the underground space. This overlay must adhere to the principle of consistency with the physical state; that is, after each lower-level grouting segment is completed and its initial solidification is monitored, this overlay must be performed to ensure that the overlaid model completely retains the solidification information of all grouting segments and perfectly matches the actual physical form of the solidified grout within the underground space. For example, there should be seamless connection between the upper and lower-level grout segments, with no virtual gaps or overlapping deviations. Finally, this overlaid spatial model will serve as the polling initialization method. Before each grouting segment's parameter control decision-making stage, this overlaid model will be used as the new initialization basis, replacing the initial theoretical spatial geometric model, providing the latest and most practical spatial basis for formulating the strategy for the next grouting segment.

[0033] Furthermore, the grouting control strategy is retrieved, and the second stage of grouting control is executed, including: A time interval is set, wherein the time interval is a segmented grouting interval based on the forward segmented grouting mode; through communication interaction between the grouting machine, the drainage device and the register, the grouting control strategy is invoked for control drive, the second stage of grouting control is completed, and the initial solidification based on the time interval is executed.

[0034] Specifically, to retrieve the grouting control strategy and execute the second stage of grouting control, the system first needs to combine the current geological type of the underground space, the solidification characteristics of the grout, and the operational rhythm of the forward segmented grouting mode to set a time interval. This time interval refers to the time gap reserved between two adjacent grouting operations in the forward segmented grouting mode. For example, it can be set to 3-5 minutes based on the initial setting test data of the grout. Its function is to provide a time window for the initial solidification of the previous grout, so as to avoid problems such as grout leakage and grout mixing and dilution caused by the previous grout not solidifying when the next grouting is performed, and to ensure the independence and stability of the segmented grouting effect.

[0035] After the idle time interval is set, the system initiates communication between the grouting machine, drainage device, and register. Through an industrial-grade communication protocol, the register sends the previously stored grouting control strategy—a set of parameters including the second-stage grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, directional guidance, and associated drainage flow rate—to the grouting machine and drainage device in real time, based on the initial solidification and water level fluctuation characteristics of the first-stage grout. Upon receiving the command, the grouting machine starts the grouting operation according to the grouting pressure and directional guidance set in the strategy, with the directional guidance aligned with the target area of ​​the second-stage grouting. Simultaneously, the drainage device adjusts its operating status according to the drainage flow rate parameters in the strategy to maintain stable water levels around the second-stage grouting area, achieving joint control of drainage and grouting until the grout injection volume and coverage of the target segment of the second stage are completed as required by the strategy. At this point, the second-stage grouting control is complete, marking the end of the core operation of the second-stage grouting, and the grout has been filled into the target underground space segment according to the preset parameters.

[0036] Finally, the system performs preliminary solidification based on idle time intervals. This means that the active operation of the grouting machine and drainage device is paused according to the previously set idle time intervals, allowing the grout injected into the second stage to naturally complete the preliminary solidification process within this time interval. During this stage, the grout will gradually lose its fluidity and form a solidified form with initial structural strength, but it has not yet fully reached the design strength. At the same time, the system will monitor the solidification progress in real time through deployed grout solidification sensors to ensure that the grout can reach the preliminary solidification state required for subsequent decisions when the idle time ends, providing a stable state basis for the control decisions of the third stage of grouting.

[0037] Furthermore, during the initial solidification stage, spatiotemporal water level data acquisition based on fiber optic grating water level gauges is performed, along with monitoring of the initial solidification of the grout. This data is then transmitted back and triggered to the grouting controller to execute the third stage grouting control decision.

[0038] Specifically, in the initial solidification stage, the system first activates the fiber optic grating water level gauge to perform spatiotemporal water level data acquisition. The spatiotemporal aspect is reflected in the fact that the acquisition process needs to cover both time and space dimensions simultaneously. In terms of time, water level data is continuously recorded at a preset sampling frequency to capture the water level fluctuation trend at different times, such as the rate of rise / fall and the amplitude of fluctuation. In terms of space, water level data of the second grouting area and its surrounding key points, such as the segment connection and geological weak points, needs to be collected simultaneously, and the spatial coordinate information of each collection point is associated to form a three-dimensional data set of time, location, and water level value, reflecting the dynamic changes of the high water level environment in different spatial areas and avoiding information deviation caused by single-point monitoring.

[0039] While collecting spatiotemporal water level data, the system initiates preliminary solidification monitoring of the grout. Through grout solidification sensors deployed in the second grouting section, such as consistency sensors and hardness sensors, the system collects real-time changes in grout consistency to determine the degree of loss of fluidity and surface hardness, reflecting the initial solidification strength. Combined with visual monitoring modules, such as endoscopes, the system observes whether there is local dilution, flow, or voids in the grout due to water level fluctuations. During the monitoring process, the grout solidification data needs to be correlated with the spatiotemporal water level data collected at the same time to eliminate the interference of abnormal water level fluctuations on the solidification determination. For example, if a sudden rise in water level may cause grout dilution, the monitoring time needs to be extended to confirm the solidification effect and ensure that the monitoring results can truly reflect the actual solidification state of the grout in the second section.

[0040] After the above two types of data collection are completed and the preset monitoring time is met, the system will transmit the spatiotemporal water level data and the monitoring results of the initial solidification of the grout back to the core unit of the grouting control system via an industrial communication protocol. When the transmitted data verification meets the triggering conditions, namely, the initial solidification of the grout reaches a point where there is no obvious fluidity, the solidification range covers the target segment standard, and the water level fluctuation rate in the spatiotemporal water level data area is lower than the preset threshold, the grouting controller is triggered. This controller can output an appropriate grouting decision based on real-time operating data. Subsequently, the grouting controller initiates the third-stage grouting parameter control decision. Based on the initial solidification of the second-stage grout, the spatial geometric model is modified to form the initial space for the third-stage grouting. The water level fluctuation characteristics of the third-stage grouting area are extracted from the transmitted spatiotemporal water level data, i.e., the prior conditions for the third-stage grouting. Then, the built-in fuzzy logic rules are called to perform logical reasoning and comprehensively determine the control parameters for the third-stage grouting, covering parameters such as grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, directional guidance, and supporting drainage flow rate, providing a clear strategic basis for subsequent third-stage grouting control.

[0041] Furthermore, in high-risk geological sections, redundant control mode and early warning mode are activated; wherein, the redundant control mode includes at least: if the water level rise rate is greater than a preset threshold, the backup grouting pump is activated to perform coordinated grouting control, guided by the increase in grouting frequency.

[0042] Specifically, for special management of high-risk geological sections, the system first extracts basic geological data of the current grouting segment through the previously constructed spatial geometric model, such as the development of rock and soil fissures, historical leakage records, and rock and soil stability ratings. This data is then combined with real-time feedback from fiber optic grating level gauges on the initial water level dynamics to comprehensively determine whether the segment is a high-risk geological section, such as a sand and gravel layer with obvious fissures or a section where water level surges have frequently occurred during past grouting operations. If the determination result is high-risk, the system immediately and simultaneously activates redundant control mode and early warning mode. The early warning mode refers to the system pushing high-risk information to maintenance personnel through multiple channels, including on-site audible and visual alarms, pop-up windows on the backend monitoring terminal, and mobile notifications. The system provides early warning information, including the current geological section location, the reason for the warning (e.g., "abnormal upward trend in water level"), and the control measures already implemented. It also automatically stores the warning time, real-time water level data, and geological parameters, forming a traceable warning log. The redundant control mode is designed to handle main grouting system failures or sudden changes in operating conditions, preventing grouting interruptions and water level loss due to single-device failures or parameter deviations. Unlike the single-path operation of conventional control modes, it enhances system fault tolerance through backup equipment and collaborative strategies. Specifically, during redundant control mode operation, the system continuously collects water level data for the current segment using fiber optic level gauges and calculates the water level in real time using a time-series feature extraction algorithm. The system monitors the rate of water level rise and dynamically compares it to a preset threshold, determined based on the safety bearing capacity standard of high-risk geological sections. If the monitored rate of water level rise exceeds the preset threshold, the system adjusts operations by increasing the grouting frequency. This prioritizes increasing the frequency of grouting operations, shortening the interval between grouting sessions, and increasing the number of grouting cycles per unit time to ensure that the grout can quickly fill the pores of the soil and rock, inhibiting further water level infiltration and rise. Simultaneously, the system activates a backup grouting pump. This backup pump is a model and performance parameter matching the main grouting pump, normally in low-power standby mode. It synchronizes the grouting parameters of the main pump in real time through the system register to ensure... After startup, it can quickly adapt to the current operational requirements and initiate collaborative grouting control. That is, the system communicates and interacts with the grouting machine, the standby grouting pump and the register to uniformly allocate the operating parameters of the main and standby pumps: the main pump maintains the original set grouting pressure and flow rate, and the standby pump injects grout into the target area synchronously according to the set parameters of the main pump, forming a dual-pump collaborative filling operation. During the collaborative process, the system monitors the operating status of the main and standby pumps in real time, such as pump body pressure, grout delivery stability and water level changes. If the water level rise rate falls below the preset threshold, the standby pump load can be gradually reduced, the flow rate can be reduced until it is shut down, the main pump can resume single pump operation, and the early warning mode can be maintained until the grouting of the high-risk section is completed.

[0043] In summary, the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces provided in this application has the following technical effects: By adopting a forward-moving segmented grouting mode, the grouting machine is controlled to perform the first stage of grouting control, and the initial solidification of the first grout is monitored. Using the initial solidification of the first grout as the state condition and water level fluctuation as the prior condition, the grouting controller embedded in the system is triggered to execute the second stage of grouting parameter control decision, determine the grouting control strategy and write it into the system register. Based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device and register, the grouting control strategy is retrieved and the second stage of grouting control is executed. Through the stage polling control of forward-moving segmented grouting, the grouting cycle is completed, reducing grout leakage, improving the uniformity of grout solidification and grouting accuracy. In addition, the redundant control mode is used to deal with the risks such as sudden rise in water level, ensuring the stable progress of the grouting cycle, and achieving the technical effect of improving the safety, stability and engineering quality of grouting operations in underground spaces with high water levels.

[0044] Example 2: Based on the same inventive concept as the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces in Example 1, this application also provides an adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces. Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for the high-water-level underground space includes: The monitoring module 11 adopts a forward segmented grouting mode, controls the grouting machine to perform the first stage of grouting control, and monitors the initial solidification of the first grout. The reference control decision module 12, with the initial solidification of the first grout as the state condition and water level fluctuation as the prior condition, triggers the grouting controller embedded in the system to perform the second stage of grouting reference control decision, determines the grouting control strategy and writes it into the system register. The control module 13, based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, the drainage device and the register, retrieves the grouting control strategy, executes the second stage of grouting control, and performs stage polling control of forward segmented grouting until the grouting cycle is completed.

[0045] Furthermore, the parameter control decision module 12 in the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces is used for: A lightweight three-dimensional reconstruction of the underground space is performed to determine the spatial geometric model. Based on the spatial geometric model and using fuzzy logic rules as arguments, the system is trained to convergence using a data-driven approach to generate the grouting controller. The grouting controller is then embedded and deployed in the grouting control system.

[0046] The parameter control decision module 12 is also used for: Obtain grouting records, wherein the grouting records are historical grouting data consistent with the geological type of the underground space; based on the grouting records, integrate the upper-level grouting status, water level conditions, and grouting parameters as data sequences to determine multiple grouting sequences; based on the multiple grouting sequences, perform logical integration to determine the fuzzy logic rules.

[0047] The parameter control decision module 12 is also used for: Based on the initial solidification of the first grout, the spatial geometric model is initialized to determine the initialization space; based on the fiber optic grating water level gauges deployed in the underground space, water level data is collected and time-series features are extracted to determine the second water level fluctuation characteristics; using the initialization space and the water level fluctuations as inputs, logical reasoning based on the fuzzy logic rules is executed to determine the grouting control strategy, wherein the parameter control dimensions of the grouting control strategy include at least grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, directional guidance, and drainage flow rate.

[0048] The parameter control decision module 12 is also used for: Based on the initialization space of the upper-level slurry preliminary solidification state, the lower-level slurry preliminary solidification state is spatially superimposed as a polling initialization method.

[0049] Furthermore, the control module 13 in the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces is used for: A time interval is set, wherein the time interval is a segmented grouting interval based on the forward segmented grouting mode; through communication interaction between the grouting machine, the drainage device and the register, the grouting control strategy is invoked for control drive, the second stage of grouting control is completed, and the initial solidification based on the time interval is executed.

[0050] The control module 13 is also used for: During the initial solidification stage, spatiotemporal water level data acquisition based on fiber optic grating water level gauges is performed, along with monitoring of the initial solidification of the grout. The data is then transmitted back and triggered to the grouting controller to execute the third stage grouting control decision.

[0051] Furthermore, the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces also includes a collaborative control module, used for: If it is a high-risk geological section, activate the redundant control mode and early warning mode; The redundant control mode includes at least the following: if the water level rise rate is greater than a preset threshold, the backup grouting pump is started to perform coordinated grouting control, guided by the increase in grouting frequency.

[0052] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Figure 1The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method and specific examples for high-water-level underground spaces in Example 1 are also applicable to the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces in this embodiment. Through the foregoing detailed description of the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces in this embodiment. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here. As for the system disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant details can be found in the method section.

[0053] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for underground spaces with high water levels, characterized in that, The method includes: The forward segmented grouting mode is adopted, and the grouting machine is controlled to perform the first stage of grouting control and the initial solidification of the first grout is monitored. Taking the initial solidification of the first grout as the state condition and water level fluctuation as the a priori condition, the embedded grouting controller of the system is triggered to execute the second stage of grouting parameter control decision, determine the grouting control strategy and write it into the system register; Based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device and register, the grouting control strategy is retrieved and the second stage of grouting control is executed. Through the stage polling control of progressive segmented grouting, the grouting cycle is completed.

2. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before triggering the grouting controller embedded in the system, the construction of the grouting controller includes: Lightweight 3D reconstruction of underground space to determine spatial geometric model; Based on the spatial geometric model and using fuzzy logic rules as arguments, the grouting controller is generated by training to convergence using a data-driven approach and then embedded in the grouting control system.

3. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Arguments based on fuzzy logic rules include: Obtain grouting records, wherein the grouting records are historical grouting data consistent with the geological type of the underground space; Based on the grouting records, the upper-level grouting status, water level conditions, and grouting parameters are integrated as a data sequence to determine multiple grouting sequences; Based on the multiple grouting sequences, logical integration is performed to determine the fuzzy logic rules.

4. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second stage of grouting control decision-making is implemented to determine the grouting control strategy, including: Based on the initial solidification of the first slurry, the spatial geometric model is initialized to determine the initialization space; Based on the fiber optic grating water level gauges deployed in the underground space, water level data is collected and time-series features are extracted to determine the second water level fluctuation characteristics. Using the initial space and the water level fluctuation as input, logical reasoning based on the fuzzy logic rules is performed to determine the grouting control strategy, wherein the parameter control dimensions of the grouting control strategy include at least grouting pressure, grouting flow rate, directional guidance, and drainage flow rate.

5. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the initialization space of the upper-level slurry preliminary solidification state, the lower-level slurry preliminary solidification state is spatially superimposed as a polling initialization method.

6. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Retrieve the grouting control strategy and execute the second stage of grouting control, including: Set an idle time interval, wherein the idle time interval is a segmented grouting interval based on the forward segmented grouting mode; Through communication and interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device and register, the grouting control strategy is invoked for control and drive, the second stage of grouting control is completed, and preliminary solidification based on idle time interval is performed.

7. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, During the initial solidification stage, spatiotemporal water level data acquisition based on fiber optic grating water level gauges is performed, along with monitoring of the initial solidification of the grout. The data is then transmitted back and triggered to the grouting controller to execute the third stage grouting control decision.

8. The adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If it is a high-risk geological section, activate the redundant control mode and early warning mode; The redundant control mode includes at least the following: if the water level rise rate is greater than a preset threshold, the backup grouting pump is started to perform coordinated grouting control, guided by the increase in grouting frequency.

9. An adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for underground spaces with high water levels, characterized in that: The steps for implementing the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control method for high-water-level underground spaces according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the adaptive drainage-grouting linkage control system for high-water-level underground spaces comprises: The monitoring module adopts a forward segmented grouting mode to control the grouting machine to perform the first stage of grouting and monitor the initial solidification of the first grout. The grouting control decision module takes the initial solidification of the first grout as the state condition and the water level fluctuation as the a priori condition, triggers the grouting controller embedded in the system to execute the second stage of grouting control decision, determines the grouting control strategy and writes it into the system register. The control module retrieves the grouting control strategy based on the communication interaction between the grouting machine, drainage device and register, and executes the second stage of grouting control. It uses a forward segmented grouting stage polling control until the grouting cycle is completed.

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