Method and system for measuring equivalent icing characteristic quantity of wire
By combining the thermal expansion and contraction model of the conductor with frequency domain analysis and filtering technology, the error problem caused by temperature and wind load in conductor icing monitoring was solved, and high-precision icing thickness calculation and alarm were achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YANYUAN SHUDAO CLEAN ENERGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for monitoring conductor icing cannot effectively distinguish between temperature changes and tension changes caused by wind loads, resulting in inaccurate icing monitoring data, especially with a high false alarm rate under extreme weather conditions.
The tension value was corrected for temperature using a physical model of conductor thermal expansion and contraction. A filter was designed to identify the main frequency of conductor vibration through frequency domain analysis, and dynamic vibration components were eliminated. The equivalent icing thickness was calculated by combining mechanical equilibrium equations and correlation models.
It significantly improves the stability and accuracy of icing monitoring, reduces the false alarm rate, and can accurately determine the icing thickness under conditions of large diurnal temperature differences or extreme temperatures.
Smart Images
Figure CN122020593A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power monitoring technology, and specifically relates to a method and system for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of conductors. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous expansion of power grid construction, the number of ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage transmission lines is increasing, and their routes often need to traverse high-altitude and complex microclimate mountainous areas. In winter, under conditions of low temperatures, high humidity, and freezing rain, transmission lines are highly susceptible to icing. Conductor icing is a major safety hazard in power system operation, and its dangers are mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, mechanical overload occurs because icing significantly increases the vertical load on conductors. When the ice thickness exceeds the design standard, the enormous weight of the ice can cause conductor strand breakage and fracture, and even lead to serious accidents such as tower collapse and hardware damage. Icing can also cause ice flashover on insulator strings, causing line tripping and degrading the electrical performance of the line. At the same time, the increased sag of conductors after icing may result in insufficient safe distances to the ground or crossings, leading to discharge accidents and even conductor galloping. Asymmetrical icing can cause aerodynamic instability under wind force, inducing low-frequency, high-amplitude conductor galloping. This violent vibration can cause severe fatigue damage to hardware, insulators, and towers, and even lead to phase-to-phase short circuits.
[0003] To address icing disasters, real-time monitoring of the icing status of power lines is crucial. Existing monitoring methods primarily include manual inspection, optical image monitoring, and mechanical sensor monitoring. Manual inspection relies on maintenance personnel carrying telescopes and rangefinders for on-site observation, which is severely limited by weather, terrain, and transportation conditions, especially during snow-covered mountain passes. Furthermore, data real-time performance is poor, and subjective errors are significant, failing to meet all-weather monitoring requirements. Image monitoring utilizes cameras mounted on towers to capture images of the conductors, using image processing algorithms to identify ice thickness. However, it is largely ineffective under severe visibility conditions such as nighttime, heavy fog, lens icing, and blizzards, and image transmission requires high communication bandwidth. Single-tension sensor monitoring measures tension by installing load cells at insulator string points, then infers ice weight; however, this method ignores the influence of temperature. The method is flawed because metal conductors expand and contract with temperature. Changes in ambient temperature cause the conductor length to expand or contract, leading to significant changes in tension. Simple changes in tension confuse the temperature effect with the gravity effect of icing, resulting in false alarms about icing in low-temperature weather without ice. Furthermore, the method ignores dynamic interference. Under wind, the conductor will vibrate or dance. The tension sensor outputs a fluctuating signal containing dynamic components. If instantaneous values or simple average values are used for calculation, huge calculation errors will be introduced. Due to the oversimplification of the model, there is a lack of cross-validation with multidimensional data, making it impossible to distinguish between the increase in tension caused by wind load and the increase in tension caused by icing.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to measure the equivalent icing characteristics of conductors that can comprehensively consider multiple influencing factors such as ambient temperature and conductor vibration, so as to improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data and provide accurate data support for power grid de-icing decisions. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method and system for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of conductors.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristic of a conductor, comprising: Collect real-time status data of the conductor; real-time status data includes the no-load tension value, the original tension value, ambient temperature data, ambient humidity data, and conductor vibration acceleration data; Preprocess the real-time status data to remove high-frequency noise interference; The original tensile force value was corrected for temperature using a physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, resulting in a temperature-corrected tensile force value. Frequency domain analysis was performed on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data to identify the dominant frequency of conductor vibration. Based on the dominant frequency of conductor vibration, a filter was designed to filter the temperature-corrected tension value, remove the dynamic vibration component, and obtain the static-corrected tension value. Establish the mechanical equilibrium equation of the conductor force, and determine the ice-covered weight of the conductor based on the static corrected tension value and the no-load tension value; Based on the physical parameters of the conductor, a correlation model between the equivalent icing thickness and the icing weight of the conductor is established. Based on the icing weight of the conductor and the correlation model, the equivalent icing thickness of the conductor is calculated.
[0007] Secondly, the present invention provides a system for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor, comprising an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a first correction unit, a second correction unit, a first processing unit, an association model establishment unit, and an output unit; The acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time status data of the conductor; the real-time status data includes the no-load tension value, the original tension value, the ambient temperature data, the ambient humidity data, and the conductor vibration acceleration data. The preprocessing unit is used to preprocess real-time status data and remove high-frequency noise interference; The first correction unit is used to perform temperature correction on the original tensile force value using the physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, so as to obtain the temperature-corrected tensile force value. The second correction unit performs frequency domain analysis on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data, identifies the main frequency of conductor vibration, and designs a filter based on the main frequency of conductor vibration to filter the temperature correction tension value, remove the dynamic vibration component, and obtain the static correction tension value. The first processing unit is used to establish the mechanical equilibrium equation of the conductor force and determine the icing weight of the conductor based on the static corrected tension value and the no-load tension value. The correlation model building unit is used to establish a correlation model between the equivalent ice thickness and ice weight of the conductor by combining the physical parameters of the conductor. The output unit is used to calculate the equivalent icing thickness of the conductor based on the icing weight of the conductor and the associated model.
[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.
[0009] A low-pass filter was used to smooth the original tensile force value, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data; a detrending term processing method was used to correct the zero-point drift of the conductor vibration acceleration signal.
[0010] Furthermore, the original tensile force value is corrected for temperature using a physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, resulting in a temperature-corrected tensile force value, including: Let the temperature-corrected tensile force value be... The original measured tensile force at the reference temperature was The reference temperature is The actual temperature is The elastic modulus of the conductor is The cross-sectional area of the conductor is The coefficient of linear expansion of the conductor is The temperature-corrected tensile force value is: .
[0011] Furthermore, frequency domain analysis was performed on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data to identify the dominant frequency of conductor vibration. Based on the dominant frequency of conductor vibration, a filter was designed to filter the temperature-corrected tension value, removing dynamic vibration components and obtaining the statically corrected tension value, including: Fast Fourier transform is performed on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum; Search for the peak with the largest amplitude in the acceleration spectrum and determine the frequency corresponding to the peak as the dominant frequency of conductor vibration; A digital bandstop filter is designed with the conductor's dominant vibration frequency as the center frequency and the cutoff bandwidth set. The temperature-corrected tension value is input into a digital band-stop filter to filter out the tension fluctuation component corresponding to the main frequency of conductor vibration, and the static correction tension value is output.
[0012] Furthermore, a Fast Fourier Transform is performed on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum, including: Let the acceleration data be , Represents the Fast Fourier Transform. If we consider the acceleration spectrum, then the acceleration spectrum is expressed as: .
[0013] Furthermore, the mechanical equilibrium equations for the forces acting on the conductor are established, including: Let the static correction tension value be The unloaded tensile force value is The system stiffness coefficient is ,but: .
[0014] Furthermore, a correlation model between the equivalent icing thickness and icing weight of the conductor is established, including: set up The diameter of the wire. For ice thickness, For the length of the conductor, The density of the ice layer. For conductor density, Let be the weight of the icing layer. Then the correlation model is represented as: .
[0015] Furthermore, the conductor unloaded reference tension is based on the average of the temperature-corrected tension value and the static-corrected tension value under historical non-icing conditions.
[0016] Furthermore, a tension sensor is used to collect the no-load tension value and the original tension value of the conductor; a temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect ambient temperature data and ambient humidity data; and an acceleration sensor is used to collect the vibration acceleration data of the conductor.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) In view of the problem that traditional methods ignore thermal expansion and contraction and cause false alarms, this invention introduces a temperature correction algorithm based on material mechanics. By dynamically adjusting the tensile value through real-time temperature data, the tension fluctuation caused by temperature changes is eliminated, which significantly improves the stability of icing monitoring under large day-night temperature difference or extreme temperature. (2) In response to the severe fluctuations in tensile data caused by wind deflection and galloping, this invention introduces an accelerometer for frequency domain analysis. By analyzing the spectrum, the vibration characteristic frequency is identified and the filter design is guided. The DC component representing the static load can be accurately extracted from the complex dynamic signal, effectively avoiding the interference of wind load on the calculation of icing weight. (3) Unlike single tensile force monitoring, this invention integrates multi-dimensional information from mechanics, thermodynamics, and kinematics. It is only determined to be icing when the temperature and humidity conditions for icing are met and the corrected tensile force does indeed increase, which greatly reduces the false alarm rate. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a conductor equivalent icing characteristic measurement system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0020] Example 1 As an example, see the attached document. Figure 1 As shown, to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this embodiment provides a method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of conductors, including the following steps: Step 110: Collect real-time status data of the conductor; real-time status data includes the no-load tension value, the original tension value, ambient temperature data, ambient humidity data, and conductor vibration acceleration data.
[0021] In some optional embodiments, a tension sensor is used to collect the no-load tension value and the original tension value of the conductor; a temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect ambient temperature data and ambient humidity data; and an acceleration sensor is used to collect the vibration acceleration data of the conductor.
[0022] In practical applications, tension sensors are installed at the connection points between the tower and the conductor, or at conductor support points (such as tension clamps or suspension clamps), to measure the combined tension of the conductor due to its own weight, icing, and wind loads in real time. Temperature and humidity sensors are installed near the tower body or crossarm, protected by a Stevenson screen, to record the local ambient temperature and relative humidity along the transmission line corridor in real time. This is used to determine whether icing weather conditions are present and to provide data for tension temperature correction. Accelerometers are installed on the conductor or at the end of the insulator string to measure the conductor's acceleration signals in the X, Y, and Z axes, reflecting the conductor's vibration frequency and amplitude.
[0023] A microcontroller is used to process the acquired signals in real time. In some optional embodiments, a power module, including a solar photovoltaic panel, a charge controller, and a low-temperature lithium battery or supercapacitor, converts solar energy into electrical energy to provide a stable DC power supply for the system. The processed data is transmitted wirelessly to a remote server via a 4G / 5G module, a LoRa module, an NB-IoT module, or a BeiDou satellite communication module.
[0024] The microcontroller collects data according to a preset cycle (e.g., wakes up every 10 minutes).
[0025] Step 120: Preprocess the real-time status data to remove high-frequency noise interference.
[0026] In some optional embodiments, a low-pass filter is used to smooth the original tension value, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data; a detrending term processing method is used to perform zero-point drift correction on the conductor vibration acceleration signal.
[0027] Step 130: Use the physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor to perform temperature correction on the original tensile force value to obtain the temperature-corrected tensile force value.
[0028] In some optional embodiments, the original tensile force value is temperature-corrected using a physical model of wire thermal expansion and contraction to obtain a temperature-corrected tensile force value, including: Let the temperature-corrected tensile force value be... The original measured tensile force at the reference temperature was The reference temperature is The actual temperature is The elastic modulus of the conductor is The cross-sectional area of the conductor is The coefficient of linear expansion of the conductor is The temperature-corrected tensile force value is: .
[0029] As the conductor temperature rises, its length elongates. With a fixed span, this increases sag, resulting in a decrease in actual tension; conversely, as the temperature decreases, the tension increases. However, in the correction logic of the sensor measurement, we need to restore the measured value at the current temperature to the equivalent value at the reference temperature for comparison with the reference no-load tension. If the temperature is low, the conductor contracts, leading to an overestimation of the measured tension. To normalize the comparison, this increased force due to contraction needs to be subtracted (i.e., if the temperature returns to 25 degrees Celsius, the measured tension will be smaller). Based on the linear expansion coefficient, elastic modulus, and cross-sectional area of the conductor material, and using collected ambient temperature data, we calculate the additional thermal stress caused by temperature changes, thus normalizing the original tension at the current temperature to the tension value at the reference temperature (e.g., 25°C), eliminating the interference of thermal expansion and contraction on the measurement.
[0030] Step 140: Perform frequency domain analysis on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data, identify the main frequency of conductor vibration, and design a filter based on the main frequency of conductor vibration to filter the temperature-corrected tension value, remove the dynamic vibration component, and obtain the static-corrected tension value.
[0031] Ice accumulation is often accompanied by strong winds. Wind has two effects on conductors: it generates horizontal steady-state wind loads and it causes conductors to gallop or vibrate in light winds.
[0032] Optionally, frequency domain analysis is performed on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data to identify the dominant frequency of conductor vibration. Based on this dominant frequency, a filter is designed to filter the temperature-corrected tension value, removing dynamic vibration components to obtain the statically corrected tension value, including: Fast Fourier transform is performed on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum; Search for the peak with the largest amplitude in the acceleration spectrum and determine the frequency corresponding to the peak as the dominant frequency of conductor vibration; A digital bandstop filter is designed with the conductor's dominant vibration frequency as the center frequency and the cutoff bandwidth set. The temperature-corrected tension value is input into a digital band-stop filter to filter out the tension fluctuation component corresponding to the main frequency of conductor vibration, and the static correction tension value is output.
[0033] Specifically, a Fast Fourier Transform is performed on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum, including: Let the acceleration data be , Represents the Fast Fourier Transform. If we consider the acceleration spectrum, then the acceleration spectrum is expressed as: .
[0034] Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is performed on the accelerometer data to analyze the spectral characteristics of conductor vibration and identify the dominant frequency (such as the frequency of a light breeze or the frequency of galloping). A band-stop or low-pass filter is constructed for this dominant frequency to perform secondary filtering on the temperature-corrected tension data, filtering out dynamic tension fluctuations caused by wind-induced vibration and extracting the statically corrected tension component reflecting changes in gravity.
[0035] Let the point with the largest amplitude be If a point with a significantly maximum amplitude is detected and the amplitude exceeds a threshold, it indicates that the conductor is in a state of vibration. In this case, the tension sensor reading will include a frequency of... The alternating current component. Design a digital band-stop filter with a center frequency set to... The bandwidth is set to ±0.5Hz. Alternatively, a strong low-pass filter with an extremely low cutoff frequency (such as 0.05Hz) can be designed directly to obtain the statically corrected tensile force value that eliminates the influence of temperature and dynamic wind load.
[0036] Step 150: Establish the mechanical equilibrium equation of the conductor force, and determine the icing weight of the conductor based on the static corrected tension value and the no-load tension value.
[0037] Specifically, the mechanical equilibrium equations for the forces acting on the conductor are established, including: Let the static correction tension value be The unloaded tensile force is [value], and the system stiffness coefficient is [value]. ,but: .
[0038] Step 160: Based on the physical parameters of the conductor, establish a correlation model between the equivalent icing thickness and the icing weight of the conductor.
[0039] Optionally, a correlation model is established between the equivalent icing thickness and icing weight of the conductor, including: set up The diameter of the wire. For ice thickness, For the length of the conductor, The density of the ice layer. For conductor density, Let be the weight of the icing layer. Then the correlation model is represented as: .
[0040] Step 170: Calculate the equivalent icing thickness of the conductor based on the icing weight of the conductor and the correlation model.
[0041] Solving the above equations simultaneously, we obtain a quadratic equation in one variable concerning the ice thickness. Solving for the positive real roots of this equation gives the equivalent ice thickness of the conductor.
[0042] Specifically, the conductor unloaded tension is based on the average of the temperature-corrected tension value and the static-corrected tension value under historical non-icing conditions.
[0043] After calculating the ice thickness, it is compared with the preset alarm threshold (such as 5mm or 10mm). If the ice thickness is less than 2mm, it is determined to be no ice or slight ice accumulation; if the ice thickness is greater than 10mm, a severe ice accumulation alarm is triggered, and alarm information is sent through the wireless module.
[0044] This invention employs a high-precision temperature compensation mechanism: addressing the problem of false alarms caused by neglecting thermal expansion and contraction in traditional methods, this invention introduces a temperature correction algorithm based on materials mechanics. By dynamically adjusting the tensile force value using real-time temperature data, it eliminates tension fluctuations caused by temperature changes, significantly improving the stability of icing monitoring under conditions of large diurnal temperature differences or extreme temperatures.
[0045] To address the severe fluctuations in tensile force data caused by wind deflection and galloping, this invention introduces an accelerometer for frequency domain analysis. By identifying vibration characteristic frequencies through spectrum analysis and guiding filter design, it can accurately extract the DC component representing the static load from complex dynamic signals, effectively avoiding the interference of wind load on the calculation of icing weight.
[0046] Unlike single-force monitoring, this invention integrates multi-dimensional information from mechanics, thermodynamics, and kinematics. It only determines icing when the temperature and humidity conditions for icing are met, and the corrected force does indeed increase, significantly reducing the false alarm rate.
[0047] Example 2 Based on the same principle as the method shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, as illustrated in the appendix. Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a conductor equivalent icing characteristic measurement system, including an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a first correction unit, a second correction unit, a first processing unit, an association model establishment unit, and an output unit; The acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time status data of the conductor; the real-time status data includes the no-load tension value, the original tension value, the ambient temperature data, the ambient humidity data, and the conductor vibration acceleration data. The preprocessing unit is used to preprocess real-time status data and remove high-frequency noise interference; The first correction unit is used to perform temperature correction on the original tensile force value using the physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, so as to obtain the temperature-corrected tensile force value. The second correction unit performs frequency domain analysis on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data, identifies the main frequency of conductor vibration, and designs a filter based on the main frequency of conductor vibration to filter the temperature correction tension value, remove the dynamic vibration component, and obtain the static correction tension value. The first processing unit is used to establish the mechanical equilibrium equation of the conductor force and determine the icing weight of the conductor based on the static corrected tension value and the no-load tension value. The correlation model building unit is used to establish a correlation model between the equivalent ice thickness and ice weight of the conductor by combining the physical parameters of the conductor. The output unit is used to calculate the equivalent icing thickness of the conductor based on the icing weight of the conductor and the associated model.
[0048] Optionally, the original tensile force value can be corrected for temperature using a physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, resulting in a temperature-corrected tensile force value, including: Let the temperature-corrected tensile force value be... The original measured tensile force at the reference temperature was The reference temperature is The actual temperature is The elastic modulus of the conductor is The cross-sectional area of the conductor is The coefficient of linear expansion of the conductor is The temperature-corrected tensile force value is: .
[0049] Optionally, frequency domain analysis is performed on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data to identify the dominant frequency of conductor vibration. Based on this dominant frequency, a filter is designed to filter the temperature-corrected tension value, removing dynamic vibration components to obtain the statically corrected tension value, including: Fast Fourier transform is performed on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum; Search for the peak with the largest amplitude in the acceleration spectrum and determine the frequency corresponding to the peak as the dominant frequency of conductor vibration; A digital bandstop filter is designed with the conductor's dominant vibration frequency as the center frequency and the cutoff bandwidth set. The temperature-corrected tension value is input into a digital band-stop filter to filter out the tension fluctuation component corresponding to the main frequency of conductor vibration, and the static correction tension value is output.
[0050] Optionally, a fast Fourier transform is performed on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum, including: Let the acceleration data be , Represents the Fast Fourier Transform. If we consider the acceleration spectrum, then the acceleration spectrum is expressed as: .
[0051] Optionally, establish the mechanical equilibrium equations for the forces acting on the conductor, including: Let the static correction tension value be The unloaded tensile force value is The system stiffness coefficient is ,but: .
[0052] Optionally, a correlation model is established between the equivalent icing thickness and icing weight of the conductor, including: set up The diameter of the wire. For ice thickness, For the length of the conductor, The density of the ice layer. For conductor density, Let be the weight of the icing layer. Then the correlation model is represented as: .
[0053] Optionally, the conductor unloaded reference tension is the average of the temperature-corrected tension value and the static-corrected tension value under historical non-icing conditions.
[0054] Optionally, a tension sensor can be used to collect the no-load tension value and the original tension value of the conductor; a temperature and humidity sensor can be used to collect ambient temperature data and ambient humidity data; and an acceleration sensor can be used to collect the vibration acceleration data of the conductor.
[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristic quantity of a conductor, characterized in that, include: Collect real-time status data of the conductor; Real-time status data includes the no-load tension value of the conductor, the original tension value, ambient temperature data, ambient humidity data, and conductor vibration acceleration data; Preprocess the real-time status data to remove high-frequency noise interference; The original tensile force value was corrected for temperature using a physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, resulting in a temperature-corrected tensile force value. Frequency domain analysis was performed on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data to identify the dominant frequency of conductor vibration. Based on the dominant frequency of conductor vibration, a filter was designed to filter the temperature-corrected tension value, remove the dynamic vibration component, and obtain the static-corrected tension value. Establish the mechanical equilibrium equation of the conductor force, and determine the ice-covered weight of the conductor based on the static corrected tension value and the no-load tension value; Based on the physical parameters of the conductor, a correlation model between the equivalent icing thickness and the icing weight of the conductor is established. Based on the icing weight of the conductor and the correlation model, the equivalent icing thickness of the conductor is calculated.
2. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A low-pass filter was used to smooth the original tensile force value, ambient temperature data, and ambient humidity data; a detrending term processing method was used to correct the zero-point drift of the conductor vibration acceleration signal.
3. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The original tensile force value is corrected for temperature using a physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, resulting in a temperature-corrected tensile force value, including: Let the temperature-corrected tensile force value be... The original measured tensile force at the reference temperature was The reference temperature is The actual temperature is The elastic modulus of the conductor is The cross-sectional area of the conductor is The coefficient of linear expansion of the conductor is The temperature-corrected tensile force value is: 。 4. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Frequency domain analysis was performed on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data to identify the dominant frequency of conductor vibration. Based on this dominant frequency, a filter was designed to filter the temperature-corrected tension value, removing dynamic vibration components to obtain the statically corrected tension value, including: Fast Fourier transform is performed on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum; Search for the peak with the largest amplitude in the acceleration spectrum and determine the frequency corresponding to the peak as the dominant frequency of conductor vibration; A digital bandstop filter is designed with the conductor's dominant vibration frequency as the center frequency and the cutoff bandwidth set. The temperature-corrected tension value is input into a digital band-stop filter to filter out the tension fluctuation component corresponding to the main frequency of conductor vibration, and the static correction tension value is output.
5. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that, Perform a Fast Fourier Transform on the acceleration data in the vertical and horizontal directions of the conductor to obtain the acceleration spectrum, including: Let the acceleration data be , Represents the Fast Fourier Transform. If we consider the acceleration spectrum, then the acceleration spectrum is expressed as: 。 6. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Establish the mechanical equilibrium equations for the forces acting on the conductor, including: Let the static correction tension value be The unloaded tensile force value is The system stiffness coefficient is ,but: 。 7. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristic quantity of a conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Establish a correlation model between the equivalent icing thickness and icing weight of the conductor, including: set up The diameter of the wire. For ice thickness, For the length of the conductor, The density of the ice layer. For conductor density, Let be the weight of the icing layer. Then the correlation model is represented as: 。 8. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor unloaded reference tension is based on the average of the temperature-corrected tension value and the static-corrected tension value under historical non-icing conditions.
9. The method for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A tension sensor is used to collect the no-load tension value and the original tension value of the conductor; a temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature data and ambient humidity data; and an acceleration sensor is used to collect the vibration acceleration data of the conductor.
10. A system for measuring the equivalent icing characteristics of a conductor, characterized in that, It includes an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a first correction unit, a second correction unit, a first processing unit, an association model establishment unit, and an output unit; The acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time status data of the conductor; the real-time status data includes the no-load tension value, the original tension value, the ambient temperature data, the ambient humidity data, and the conductor vibration acceleration data. The preprocessing unit is used to preprocess real-time status data and remove high-frequency noise interference. The first correction unit is used to perform temperature correction on the original tensile force value using the physical model of thermal expansion and contraction of the conductor, so as to obtain the temperature-corrected tensile force value. The second correction unit performs frequency domain analysis on the preprocessed conductor vibration acceleration data, identifies the main frequency of conductor vibration, and designs a filter based on the main frequency of conductor vibration to filter the temperature correction tension value, remove the dynamic vibration component, and obtain the static correction tension value. The first processing unit is used to establish the mechanical equilibrium equation of the conductor force and determine the icing weight of the conductor based on the static corrected tension value and the no-load tension value. The correlation model building unit is used to establish a correlation model between the equivalent ice thickness and ice weight of the conductor by combining the physical parameters of the conductor. The output unit is used to calculate the equivalent icing thickness of the conductor based on the icing weight of the conductor and the associated model.