Battery heating system, battery heating method, and storage medium
By introducing fluorescently labeled lithium ions into lithium-ion batteries and combining temperature and concentration monitoring, the heating power can be precisely controlled, solving the reliability and safety issues of lithium-ion batteries at low temperatures. This achieves a safe, rapid, and sufficient heating effect, extending battery life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- EVE POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Lithium-ion batteries exhibit a significant performance degradation at low temperatures. Existing heating methods are insufficient to ensure their reliability and safety, potentially leading to underheating or overheating, which in turn affects battery performance and safety.
By using fluorescently labeled lithium ions in the electrolyte, combined with temperature and lithium ion concentration monitoring, and through a controller to precisely control the heating power of the heating element, real-time, in-situ monitoring of the internal electrochemical state of the battery is achieved, ensuring appropriate heating.
It improves the reliability and safety of lithium-ion batteries in low-temperature environments, avoids underheating or overheating, extends battery life, and enhances the safety and energy efficiency of the heating process.
Smart Images
Figure CN122025919A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery heating system, a battery heating method, and a storage medium. Background Technology
[0002] Lithium-ion batteries exhibit a significant performance degradation at low temperatures due to reduced lithium-ion migration rates and slower chemical reaction rates. This directly leads to increased internal resistance and decreased reversible capacity. This not only diminishes the battery's driving range but may also induce lithium dendrite growth, posing serious safety hazards.
[0003] When using lithium-ion batteries in extremely cold regions, additional heating devices are typically required to maintain the battery's normal operating temperature. However, current technologies usually control the operation of these heating devices by detecting ambient temperature using temperature sensors. If the detected temperature is inaccurate or the heating device is slow to respond, the lithium-ion battery may not heat up sufficiently, weakening its performance; conversely, overheating can damage the battery and even cause safety issues. Therefore, current heating methods are insufficient to ensure the reliability and safety of lithium-ion batteries in low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides a battery heating system, a battery heating method, and a storage medium, which improves the reliability of lithium-ion batteries in low-temperature environments, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a battery heating system is provided, comprising: A battery includes a casing, a cell, and an electrolyte, wherein the cell is installed in the casing and immersed in the electrolyte, the electrolyte comprising fluorescently labeled lithium ions; A temperature monitoring device is installed on the diaphragm or electrode of the battery cell to monitor the temperature information of the electrolyte. A heating element, stacked with the temperature monitoring device, is used to heat the battery; A marker monitoring device is used to monitor the concentration information of fluorescently labeled lithium ions on the interface of any layer of the electrode in the battery cell; The controller is connected to the temperature monitoring device, the marker monitoring device, and the heating element, respectively, and is used to receive the temperature information and the concentration information, and control the heating power of the heating element according to the temperature information and / or the concentration information.
[0006] Optionally, the controller is used to: Obtain the first temperature threshold; If the temperature information does not reach the first temperature threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a first power. If the temperature information reaches the first temperature threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a second power according to the concentration information; the second power is less than or equal to the first power.
[0007] Optionally, when the temperature information reaches the first temperature threshold, the controller is further configured to: Obtain the first concentration threshold; If the concentration information does not reach the first concentration threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a third power. If the concentration information reaches the first concentration threshold, the heating power of the heating element is controlled to decrease from the third power until the heating element is turned off.
[0008] Optionally, the controller is used to: Obtain a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold; During the process of controlling the heating power of the heating element to decrease, if the temperature information reaches the second temperature threshold, or if the number of times the temperature information reaches the second temperature threshold reaches a preset number, the heating element is controlled to turn off.
[0009] Optionally, the controller is used to: Obtain the second concentration threshold; If the concentration information does not reach the second concentration threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a fourth power. If the concentration information reaches the second concentration threshold, the heating power of the heating element is controlled to decrease from the fourth power until the heating element is turned off.
[0010] Optionally, the controller is used to: Obtain the third temperature threshold; During the process of controlling the heating power of the heating element to decrease, if the temperature information reaches the third temperature threshold, or if the number of times the temperature information reaches the third temperature threshold reaches a preset number, the heating element is controlled to be turned off.
[0011] Optionally, the heating power is reduced at a rate of 10 percent per minute until the heating element is turned off.
[0012] Optionally, the controller is used to: Obtain the fourth temperature threshold and the third concentration threshold; If the temperature information does not reach the fourth temperature threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a fifth power. If the temperature information reaches the fourth temperature threshold and the concentration information does not reach the third concentration information, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a sixth power. If the temperature information reaches the fourth temperature threshold and the concentration information reaches the third concentration information, the heating power of the heating element is controlled to decrease from the sixth power until the heating element is turned off.
[0013] According to a second aspect of this application, a battery heating method is also provided, applied to a battery heating system, comprising the following steps: Obtain information on the temperature of the battery's electrolyte and the concentration of labeled lithium ions in the battery's electrolyte; The heating power of the heating element used to heat the battery is controlled based on the temperature information and / or the concentration information.
[0014] Optionally, the following steps may also be included: Obtain the first temperature threshold; If the temperature information does not reach the first temperature threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a first power. If the temperature information reaches the first temperature threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a second power according to the concentration information; the second power is less than or equal to the first power.
[0015] Optionally, when the temperature information reaches the first temperature threshold, the method further includes the following steps: Obtain the first concentration threshold; If the concentration information does not reach the first concentration threshold, the heating element is controlled to heat the battery with a third power. If the concentration information reaches the first concentration threshold, the heating power of the heating element is controlled to decrease from the third power until the heating element is turned off.
[0016] Optionally, the process of controlling the decrease of the heating power of the heating element further includes the following steps: Obtain a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold; If the temperature information reaches the second temperature threshold, or if the number of times the temperature information reaches the second temperature threshold reaches a preset number, the heating element is controlled to turn off.
[0017] According to a third aspect of this application, a storage medium is also provided, characterized in that the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a battery heating program is stored on the storage medium, which, when executed by a processor, implements the battery heating method described above.
[0018] The battery heating system, battery heating method, and storage medium of this application include a battery, a temperature monitoring device, a heating element, a marker monitoring device, and a controller. The temperature monitoring device and the heating element are integrated on the battery electrodes. By introducing fluorescently labeled lithium ions into the electrolyte, the lithium ion concentration at the electrode interface is directly detected using the marker monitoring device. The controller controls the heating element to heat the battery based on the temperature information and the labeled lithium ion concentration information, thereby realizing real-time, in-situ monitoring of the key electrochemical states inside the battery and improving the reliability of the battery under low-temperature conditions.
[0019] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a battery heating system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the first logic of the battery heating method provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the second logic of the battery heating method provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the third logic of the battery heating method provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the fourth logic of the battery heating method provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Battery; 110. Casing; 120. Cell; 130. Electrode; 200. Temperature monitoring device; 210. Temperature sensor membrane; 300. Heating element; 310. Heating film; 400. Marker monitoring device; 500, Controller; T represents temperature information; T1 represents the first temperature threshold; T2 represents the second temperature threshold; T3 represents the third temperature threshold; and T4 represents the fourth temperature threshold. P, heating power; P1, first power; P2, second power; P3, third power; P4, fourth power; P5, fifth power; P6, sixth power; Q, Concentration information; Q1, First concentration threshold; Q2, Second concentration threshold; Q3, Third concentration threshold. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.
[0024] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a battery heating system, including a battery 100, a temperature monitoring device 200, a heating element 300, a marker monitoring device 400, and a controller 500.
[0025] See Figure 1 Battery 100 includes a casing 110, a cell 120, and an electrolyte. The cell 120 is installed within the casing 110 and immersed in the electrolyte, which contains fluorescently labeled lithium ions. All or part of the lithium ions in the electrolyte are fluorescently labeled. The fluorescent label can be quantum dots composed of copper, sulfur, and zinc. Cell 120 has a multilayer structure formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode 130, a negative electrode 130, and a separator. Battery 100 can be a cylindrical battery 100 or a stacked battery 100. In this embodiment, a cylindrical battery 100 is used as an example.
[0026] In some examples, the concentration of fluorescently labeled lithium ions is 0.5 wt%. This balances the detectability of the fluorescence signal with the performance of the battery 100. It reduces the probability of insufficient signal-to-noise ratio due to excessively low concentration of fluorescently labeled lithium ions, while also reducing the probability of quantum dot aggregation affecting lithium ion migration or damaging the electrode 130 structure due to excessively high concentration of fluorescently labeled lithium ions.
[0027] See Figure 1A temperature monitoring device 200 is mounted on the separator or electrode 130 of the battery cell 120 to monitor the temperature T of the electrolyte. The temperature monitoring device 200 includes a temperature sensor membrane 210, which is mounted on the separator, positive electrode 130, or negative electrode 130 of the battery cell 120. In some examples, the temperature sensor membrane 210 is attached to the outermost or innermost layer of the battery cell 120 for easy assembly. In other examples, it can be attached to a middle layer of the positive electrode 130, negative electrode 130, or separator. Monitoring the temperature in the middle region of the battery cell 120 provides more accurate results.
[0028] See Figure 1 The heating element 300 and the temperature monitoring device 200 are stacked together for heating the battery 100. The heating element 300 can be a heating film 310, which is stacked with a temperature sensor film 210. The heating film 310 is farther away from the center of the battery cell than the temperature sensor film 210.
[0029] The marker monitoring device 400 is used to monitor the concentration information Q of fluorescently labeled lithium ions at the interface of any electrode 130 of the cell 120. The marker monitoring device 400 is a spectrometer. For example, the spectrometer detects the concentration information Q of fluorescently labeled lithium ions at the interface of the outermost electrode 130 of the cell 120.
[0030] The controller 500 is connected to the temperature monitoring device 200, the marker monitoring device 400, and the heating element 300, respectively, and is used to receive temperature information T and concentration information Q, and control the heating power P of the heating element 300 according to the temperature information T and / or concentration information Q. The controller 500 can be a control unit in the battery management system 100. The controller 500 can also be a standalone device.
[0031] In this embodiment, by introducing fluorescently labeled lithium ions into the electrolyte and using the label monitoring device 400 to directly detect the lithium ion concentration at the interface of the electrode 130, real-time, in-situ monitoring of the key electrochemical state inside the battery 100 is achieved, which is more accurate and direct than relying solely on temperature monitoring.
[0032] In some embodiments, the controller 500 is used to: Obtain the first temperature threshold T1; If the temperature information T does not reach the first temperature threshold T1, the heating element 300 is controlled to heat the battery 100 with the first power P1; if the temperature information T reaches the first temperature threshold T1, the heating element 300 is controlled to heat the battery 100 with the second power P2 according to the concentration information Q; the second power P2 is less than or equal to the first power P1.
[0033] The first temperature threshold T1 can be set to a relatively low temperature, based on the lowest operating temperature of battery 100. The first temperature threshold T1 is lower than the lowest operating temperature of battery 100. If the temperature information T does not reach the first temperature threshold T1, it indicates that battery 100 is in a deep cryogenic state, and the internal reaction is extremely slow. At this time, controller 500 controls the heating element 300 to heat with a higher first power P1, which can be the full power of the heating element 300. If the temperature information T reaches the first temperature threshold T1, it indicates that the chemical state inside battery 100 has changed. At this time, it is necessary to combine the electrochemical state inside battery 100 with the concentration information Q to control the heating element 300 to heat battery 100 with a second power P2. The second power P2 can be the same as or less than the first power P1.
[0034] In this embodiment, temperature information T is used as the activation condition. After temperature information T reaches a first temperature threshold T1, the heating element 300 is controlled to operate in conjunction with concentration information Q. High-power heating in the early stage ensures the timeliness of low-temperature start-up; precise control based on internal state in the later stage effectively avoids continuous overheating that may be caused by relying solely on temperature judgment, reduces the risk of thermal damage and lithium dendrite growth, and improves the safety of the heating process.
[0035] Based on the above embodiments, when the temperature information T reaches the first temperature threshold T1, the controller 500 is further configured to: Obtain a first concentration threshold Q1; wherein, the first concentration threshold Q1 can be that, at room temperature, the number of lithium ions marked on the interface of electrode 130 reaches 80% of the total number of lithium ions marked in battery 100; If the concentration information Q does not reach the first concentration threshold Q1, the heating element 300 is controlled to heat the battery 100 with the third power P3. The third power P3 can be equal to or less than the second power P2. If the concentration information Q reaches the first concentration threshold Q1, the heating power P of the heating element 300 is controlled to decrease from the third power P3 until the heating element 300 is turned off.
[0036] In this embodiment, if the lithium-ion concentration information Q at the interface of electrode 130 does not reach the first concentration threshold Q1, it indicates that the internal electrochemical activity is still insufficient. The heating element 300 will continue to operate at the third power P3 to improve ion activity while preventing excessive temperature rise. Once the concentration information Q reaches the first concentration threshold Q1, it is considered that the battery 100 has reached the ideal conditions. The controller 500 will initiate a shutdown procedure, gradually reducing the heating power P from the third power P3 until it is turned off, ensuring a smooth temperature transition of the battery 100 and avoiding thermal shock. While reducing energy consumption, the heating element 300 gently shuts down, reducing the impact of drastic temperature fluctuations on the cell 120 material, helping to protect the cell 120 structure and extend the battery 100's lifespan.
[0037] Based on the above implementation method, the controller 500 is used for: Obtain the second temperature threshold T2, where the first temperature threshold T1 is less than the second temperature threshold T2; During the process of controlling the heating power P of the heating element 300 to decrease, if the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2, the heating element 300 is controlled to be turned off.
[0038] Based on the above implementation method, the controller 500 is used for: Obtain the second temperature threshold T2. The first temperature threshold T1 is less than the second temperature threshold T2. The second temperature threshold T2 can be the highest temperature that ensures the normal operation of battery 100. During the process of controlling the heating power P of the heating element 300 to decrease, if the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2 a preset number of times, the heating element 300 is controlled to turn off.
[0039] For example, if after the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2 for the first time, and after a certain interval, the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2 again, the controller 500 controls the heating element 300 to turn off; if after the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2 for the first time, and after a certain interval, the temperature information T does not reach the second temperature threshold T2, the controller 500 controls the heating element 300 to continue decreasing until it turns off.
[0040] In this embodiment, as the heating power P of the air-heating element 300 decreases, the controller 500 also controls the heating element 300 to shut down by combining the temperature information T with whether the second temperature threshold T2 is reached, forming a temperature safety redundancy mechanism. This fundamentally prevents the risk of thermal runaway of the battery 100 due to overheating and provides dual safety protection.
[0041] In some embodiments, the controller 500 is used to: A second concentration threshold Q2 is obtained. The second concentration threshold Q2 can be defined as the number of lithium ions marked on the interface of electrode 130 reaching 80% of the total number of lithium ions marked in battery 100 at room temperature. If the concentration information Q does not reach the second concentration threshold Q2, the heating element 300 is controlled to heat the battery 100 with the fourth power P4, where the fourth power P4 is a higher power, such as the full power heating of the heating element 300. The fourth power P4 can be set according to the system, which aims to effectively improve the activity and reaction rate of the sample inside the battery 100. If the concentration information Q reaches the second concentration threshold Q2, the heating power P of the heating element 300 is controlled to decrease from the fourth power P4 until the heating element 300 is turned off. Once the concentration information Q reaches or exceeds the second concentration threshold Q2, it is determined that the electrochemical activity inside the battery 100 has met the requirements. At this time, the controller 500 no longer maintains constant power heating, but initiates a smooth exit procedure, controlling the heating power P to gradually decrease from the current fourth power P4 until it is completely turned off.
[0042] In this embodiment, the lithium-ion concentration at the interface of electrode 130 is directly used as the basis for determining the heating power P, which directly links the heating control to the actual usability inside the battery 100, achieving more fundamental and precise process control, simplifying the control logic, and providing a direct response.
[0043] Based on the above implementation method, the controller 500 is also used for: Obtain the third temperature threshold T3; During the process of controlling the heating power P of the heating element 300 to decrease, if the temperature information T reaches the third temperature threshold T3, or the number of times the temperature information T reaches the third temperature threshold T3 reaches a preset number, the heating element 300 is controlled to be turned off.
[0044] In this embodiment, during the decrease of heating power P, a third temperature threshold T3 is set as a safety upper limit. If the temperature information T reaches the third temperature threshold T3 or the number of times the temperature information T reaches the third temperature threshold T3 reaches a preset number, the heating element 300 is immediately shut down regardless of the current state of heating power P decrease. Power deceleration rate control and temperature safety redundancy protection form a composite control strategy that balances accuracy, smoothness, and safety.
[0045] In the above embodiment, the heating power P is reduced at a rate of 10% per minute until the heating element 300 is turned off. This avoids the temperature shock caused by abrupt power changes, allowing the internal thermal field and electrochemical state of the battery 100 to transition smoothly, greatly improving the smoothness and comfort of system operation, and also helping to protect the material structure of the cell 120.
[0046] In some embodiments, the controller 500 is used to: Obtain a fourth temperature threshold T4 and a third concentration threshold Q3. The fourth temperature threshold T4 is set according to the operating temperature of the battery 100, such as setting the fourth temperature threshold T4 to the highest temperature at which the battery 100 operates normally. The third concentration information Q is that at room temperature, the number of lithium ions marked on the interface of the electrode 130 reaches 80% of the total number of lithium ions marked in the battery 100. If the temperature information T does not reach the fourth temperature threshold T4, the heating element 300 is controlled to heat the battery 100 with the fifth power P5, where the fifth power P5 is the full power of the heating element 300. If the temperature information T reaches the fourth temperature threshold T4 and the concentration information Q does not reach the third concentration information Q, the heating element 300 is controlled to heat the battery 100 with the sixth power P6, where the sixth power P6 is less than or equal to the fifth power P5. If the temperature information T reaches the fourth temperature threshold T4 and the concentration information Q reaches the third concentration information Q, the heating power P of the heating element 300 is controlled to decrease from the sixth power P6 until the heating element 300 is turned off.
[0047] In this embodiment, the high power output in the early stage ensures rapid start-up capability in low-temperature environments; the power reduction in the middle stage prevents overheating and focuses on activating internal reactions; and the smooth exit in the later stage avoids thermal shock. The entire logic is interconnected, and heating only ends under the strict condition that both temperature and concentration meet the standards, ensuring that the battery 100 is in a usable state with excellent internal and external conditions after heating. This achieves a "safe, fast, and sufficient" heating effect overall, optimizing energy efficiency and extending the lifespan of the battery 100.
[0048] The second aspect, see [link / reference]. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This application provides a battery heating method, applied to any of the above-mentioned battery heating systems, comprising the following steps: Obtain the temperature information T of the electrolyte of battery 100 and the concentration information Q of the labeled lithium ions in the electrolyte of battery 100; Based on temperature information T and / or concentration information Q, the heating power P of the heating element 300 used to heat the battery 100 is controlled.
[0049] See some sub-examples. Figure 3 A battery heating method, applied to a battery heating system, includes the following steps: S1, acquire the temperature information T of the electrolyte of battery 100, the concentration information Q of the labeled lithium ions in the electrolyte of battery 100, and the first temperature threshold T1. S2, if the temperature information T does not reach the first temperature threshold T1, the controller 500 controls the heating element 300 to heat the battery 100 with the first power P1; S3. If the temperature information T reaches the first temperature threshold T1, the heating element 300 is controlled to heat the battery 100 with the second power P2 according to the concentration information Q. The second power P2 is less than or equal to the first power P1.
[0050] In this embodiment, temperature information T is used as the activation condition. After temperature information T reaches a first temperature threshold T1, the heating element 300 is controlled to operate in conjunction with concentration information Q. High-power heating in the early stage ensures the timeliness of low-temperature start-up; precise control based on internal state in the later stage effectively avoids continuous overheating that may be caused by relying solely on temperature judgment, reduces the risk of thermal damage and lithium dendrite growth, and improves the safety of the heating process.
[0051] See some sub-examples. Figure 4 A battery heating method, applied to a battery heating system, includes the following steps. S31, obtain the temperature information T of the electrolyte of battery 100, the concentration information Q of the marked lithium ions in the electrolyte of battery 100, and obtain the first temperature threshold T1, the first concentration threshold Q1 and the second temperature threshold T2. S32, determine whether the temperature information T has reached the first temperature threshold T1; S33, if the temperature information T does not reach the first temperature threshold T1, then control the heating element 300 to heat the battery 100 with the first power P1; S34, if the temperature information T reaches the first temperature threshold T1, then determine whether the concentration threshold has reached the first concentration threshold Q1; S35, if the concentration information Q does not reach the first concentration threshold Q1, then control the heating element 300 to heat the battery 100 with the third power P3; S35, if the concentration information Q reaches the first concentration threshold Q1, then control the heating power P of the heating element 300 to decrease from the third power P3 until the heating element 300 is turned off.
[0052] In this embodiment, if the lithium-ion concentration information Q at the interface of electrode 130 does not reach the first concentration threshold Q1, it indicates that the internal electrochemical activity is still insufficient. The heating element 300 will continue to operate at the third power P3 to improve ion activity while preventing excessive temperature rise. Once the concentration information Q reaches the first concentration threshold Q1, it is considered that the battery 100 has reached the ideal conditions. The controller 500 will initiate a shutdown procedure, gradually reducing the heating power P from the third power P3 until it is turned off, ensuring a smooth temperature transition of the battery 100 and avoiding thermal shock. While reducing energy consumption, the heating element 300 gently shuts down, reducing the impact of drastic temperature fluctuations on the cell 120 material, helping to protect the cell 120 structure and extend the battery 100's lifespan.
[0053] The process of reducing the heating power P of the heating element 300 from the third power P3 under the control of S35 also includes the following steps: S36, determine whether the temperature information T has reached the second temperature threshold T2; S37, If the temperature information T does not reach the second temperature threshold T2, continue to execute step S35; S38, if the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2, control the heating element 300 to turn off.
[0054] For example, if after the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2 for the first time, and after a certain interval, the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2 again, the controller 500 controls the heating element 300 to turn off; if after the temperature information T reaches the second temperature threshold T2 for the first time, and after a certain interval, the temperature information T does not reach the second temperature threshold T2, the controller 500 controls the heating element 300 to continue decreasing until it turns off.
[0055] In this embodiment, as the heating power P of the air-heating element 300 decreases, the controller 500 also controls the heating element 300 to shut down by combining the temperature information T with whether the second temperature threshold T2 is reached, forming a temperature safety redundancy mechanism. This fundamentally prevents the risk of thermal runaway of the battery 100 due to overheating and provides dual safety protection.
[0056] See some sub-examples. Figure 5 A battery heating method, applied to a battery heating system, includes the following steps: S11, obtain the concentration information Q of the labeled lithium ions in the electrolyte of battery 100 and the second concentration threshold Q2; S12, determine whether the concentration information Q has reached the second concentration threshold Q2; S13, if the concentration information Q does not reach the second concentration threshold Q2, control the heating element 300 to heat the battery 100 with the fourth power P4; S14, if the temperature information T reaches the second concentration threshold Q2, control the heating power P of the heating element 300 to decrease from the fourth power P4 until the heating element 300 is turned off.
[0057] In this embodiment, the lithium-ion concentration at the interface of electrode 130 is directly used as the basis for determining the heating power P, which directly links the heating control to the actual usability inside the battery 100, achieving more fundamental and precise process control, simplifying the control logic, and providing a direct response.
[0058] The process of controlling the heating power P of the heating element 300 to decrease from the fourth power P4 in S14 also includes the following steps: S15, obtain the temperature information T of the electrolyte of battery 100 and the third temperature threshold T3; S16, determine whether the temperature information T has reached the third temperature threshold T3; S17, If the temperature information T does not reach the third temperature threshold T3, continue to execute step S14; S18, if the temperature information T reaches the third temperature threshold T3, control the heating element 300 to turn off.
[0059] In this embodiment, during the decrease of heating power P, a third temperature threshold T3 is set as a safety upper limit. If the temperature information T reaches the third temperature threshold T3 or the number of times the temperature information T reaches the third temperature threshold T3 reaches a preset number, the heating element 300 is immediately shut down regardless of the current state of heating power P decrease. Power deceleration rate control and temperature safety redundancy protection form a composite control strategy that balances accuracy, smoothness, and safety.
[0060] See some sub-examples. Figure 6 A battery heating method, applied to a battery heating system, includes the following steps: S21, acquire the concentration information Q of the labeled lithium ions in the electrolyte of battery 100, the temperature information T of the electrolyte of battery 100, the fourth temperature threshold T4 and the third concentration threshold Q3. S22, if the temperature information T does not reach the fourth temperature threshold T4, control the heating element 300 to heat the battery 100 with the fifth power P5; S23, if the temperature information T reaches the fourth temperature threshold T4 and the concentration information Q does not reach the third concentration information Q, control the heating element 300 to heat the battery 100 with the sixth power P6. S24, if the temperature information T reaches the fourth temperature threshold T4 and the concentration information Q reaches the third concentration information Q, control the heating power P of the heating element 300 to decrease from the sixth power P6 until the heating element 300 is turned off.
[0061] In this embodiment, the high power output in the early stage ensures rapid start-up capability in low-temperature environments; the power reduction in the middle stage prevents overheating and focuses on activating internal reactions; and the smooth exit in the later stage avoids thermal shock. The entire logic is interconnected, and heating only ends under the strict condition that both temperature and concentration meet the standards, ensuring that the battery 100 is in a usable state with excellent internal and external conditions after heating. This achieves a "safe, fast, and sufficient" heating effect overall, optimizing energy efficiency and extending the lifespan of the battery 100.
[0062] In some examples, at least one of the above-mentioned first concentration threshold Q1, second concentration threshold Q2, and third concentration threshold Q3 is set such that, at room temperature, the number of lithium ions marked on the interface of electrode 130 reaches 80% of the total number of lithium ions marked in battery 100.
[0063] In some examples, the heating power P is reduced at a rate of 10 percent per minute until the heating element 300 is turned off. This avoids the temperature shock caused by abrupt power changes, allowing the internal thermal field and electrochemical state of the battery 100 to transition smoothly, greatly improving the smoothness and comfort of system operation, and also helping to protect the material structure of the cell 120.
[0064] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, and stores a battery heating program on the storage medium. When the battery heating program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described battery heating method.
[0065] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0066] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0067] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.
[0068] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.
Claims
1. A battery heating system, characterized in that, include: A battery (100) includes a housing (110), a cell (120), and an electrolyte, wherein the cell (120) is installed in the housing (110) and immersed in the electrolyte, the electrolyte comprising fluorescently labeled lithium ions; A temperature monitoring device (200) is installed on the diaphragm or electrode (130) of the battery cell (120) to monitor the temperature information (T) of the electrolyte. A heating element (300) is stacked with the temperature monitoring device (200) and is used to heat the battery (100); A marker monitoring device (400) is used to monitor the concentration information (Q) of fluorescently labeled lithium ions on the interface of any layer of the electrode (130) of the cell (120). The controller (500) is connected to the temperature monitoring device (200), the marker monitoring device (400) and the heating element (300) respectively, and is used to receive the temperature information (T) and the concentration information (Q), and control the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) according to the temperature information (T) and / or the concentration information (Q).
2. The battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (500) is used for: Obtain the first temperature threshold (T1); If the temperature information (T) does not reach the first temperature threshold (T1), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a first power (P1); If the temperature information (T) reaches the first temperature threshold (T1), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a second power (P2) according to the concentration information (Q); the second power (P2) is less than or equal to the first power (P1).
3. The battery heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the temperature information (T) reaches the first temperature threshold (T1), the controller (500) is further configured to: Obtain the first concentration threshold (Q1); If the concentration information (Q) does not reach the first concentration threshold (Q1), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a third power (P3); If the concentration information (Q) reaches the first concentration threshold (Q1), the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) is controlled to decrease from the third power (P3) until the heating element (300) is turned off.
4. The battery heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controller (500) is used for: Obtain a second temperature threshold (T2), wherein the first temperature threshold (T1) is less than the second temperature threshold (T2). During the process of controlling the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) to decrease, if the temperature information (T) reaches the second temperature threshold (T2), or the number of times the temperature information (T) reaches the second temperature threshold (T2) reaches a preset number, the heating element (300) is controlled to be turned off.
5. The battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (500) is used for: Obtain the second concentration threshold (Q2); If the concentration information (Q) does not reach the second concentration threshold (Q2), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a fourth power (P4); If the concentration information (Q) reaches the second concentration threshold (Q2), the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) is controlled to decrease from the fourth power (P4) until the heating element (300) is turned off.
6. The battery heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller (500) is used for: Obtain the third temperature threshold (T3); During the process of controlling the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) to decrease, if the temperature information (T) reaches the third temperature threshold (T3), or the number of times the temperature information (T) reaches the third temperature threshold (T3) reaches a preset number, the heating element (300) is controlled to be turned off.
7. The battery heating system according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, The heating power (P) decreases at a rate of 10 percent per minute until the heating element (300) is turned off.
8. The battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (500) is used for: Obtain the fourth temperature threshold (T4) and the third concentration threshold (Q3); If the temperature information (T) does not reach the fourth temperature threshold (T4), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a fifth power (P5); If the temperature information (T) reaches the fourth temperature threshold (T4) and the concentration information (Q) does not reach the third concentration information (Q), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with the sixth power (P6); If the temperature information (T) reaches the fourth temperature threshold (T4) and the concentration information (Q) reaches the third concentration information (Q), the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) is controlled to decrease from the sixth power (P6) until the heating element (300) is turned off.
9. A battery heating method, applied to a battery heating system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire the temperature information (T) of the electrolyte of the battery (100) and the concentration information (Q) of the labeled lithium ions in the electrolyte of the battery (100). The heating power (P) of the heating element (300) used to heat the battery (100) is controlled according to the temperature information (T) and / or the concentration information (Q).
10. The battery heating method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the first temperature threshold (T1); If the temperature information (T) does not reach the first temperature threshold (T1), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a first power (P1); If the temperature information (T) reaches the first temperature threshold (T1), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a second power (P2) according to the concentration information (Q); the second power (P2) is less than or equal to the first power (P1).
11. The battery heating method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the temperature information (T) reaches the first temperature threshold (T1), the following steps are also included: Obtain the first concentration threshold (Q1); If the concentration information (Q) does not reach the first concentration threshold (Q1), the heating element (300) is controlled to heat the battery (100) with a third power (P3); If the concentration information (Q) reaches the first concentration threshold (Q1), the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) is controlled to decrease from the third power (P3) until the heating element (300) is turned off.
12. The battery heating method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The process of controlling the decrease of the heating power (P) of the heating element (300) also includes the following steps: Obtain a second temperature threshold (T2), wherein the first temperature threshold (T1) is less than the second temperature threshold (T2). If the temperature information (T) reaches the second temperature threshold (T2), or the number of times the temperature information (T) reaches the second temperature threshold (T2) reaches a preset number, the heating element (300) is controlled to be turned off.
13. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium stores a battery heating program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the battery heating method as described in any one of claims 9 to 12.