Partitioned independent power supply control device of photovoltaic electric control glass and working method of partitioned independent power supply control device

Abstract

The invention relates to a partitioned independent power supply control device of photovoltaic electric control glass and a working method thereof, the partitioned independent power supply control device comprises a photovoltaic power supply assembly and an energy storage assembly, and further comprises a power supply distribution circuit board, and the power supply distribution circuit board is provided with a control chip, a voltage / current ADC sampling circuit and a sensor data sampling chip; the power distribution circuit board is electrically connected with the photovoltaic power supply assembly, the energy storage assembly and the functional assemblies through independent loops, and each loop is provided with a circuit breaker and a power monitoring chip and is electrically connected with the control chip. Through component priority division and dynamic power distribution, electric energy is reasonably and efficiently distributed, and continuous operation of core function components is ensured; an independent loop design is adopted to avoid module fault chain influence, and the system reliability is improved; the photovoltaic energy utilization rate is improved, and the basic requirement and the safety requirement in ship navigation are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic electro-controlled glass power supply control devices, specifically relating to a zoned independent power supply control device for photovoltaic electro-controlled glass used in ships. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic electronically controlled louvered glass cleverly combines photovoltaic power generation and intelligent shading design, which not only saves energy but also actively adjusts light, making it suitable for commercial, public, and high-end residential buildings.

[0003] The existing photovoltaic electronically controlled louvered glass mostly adopts centralized power supply control, which has the following problems in actual use: (1) Each functional module (color change, louver, display, sound) shares the power supply circuit, and when a certain module fails, it is easy to affect the overall operation; (2) It is impossible to allocate power supply resources according to the real-time energy consumption needs and importance of each module, resulting in low energy utilization; (3) The existing independent power supply mostly adopts fixed switch control, which lacks an intelligent allocation mechanism.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an intelligent photovoltaic electronically controlled glass partition independent power supply control device to rationally distribute electrical energy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above technical problems, this invention provides a partitioned independent power supply control device for photovoltaic electronically controlled glass and its working method, which rationally allocates power supply resources according to real-time power conditions to improve energy utilization.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a zoned independent power supply control device for marine photovoltaic electronic control glass, including a photovoltaic power supply component and an energy storage component, and also including a power distribution circuit board, wherein the power distribution circuit board is provided with a control chip and a voltage / current ADC sampling circuit. The power distribution circuit board is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power supply module, energy storage module and each functional module via a separate circuit. Each circuit is equipped with a circuit breaker and a power monitoring chip, which are electrically connected to the control chip.

[0007] Preferably, the functional components include: an electrochromic component, a louver drive component, a sensor component, a display component, a wireless communication component, and an audio component.

[0008] Preferably, each circuit is also equipped with an overcurrent and overvoltage protection unit. When the circuit current exceeds a preset power threshold or the voltage exceeds a preset voltage threshold, the circuit breaker of the circuit will automatically disconnect.

[0009] Preferably, the sensor assembly includes a light sensor, an infrared radiation sensor, and a human body sensor.

[0010] A method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass is also provided, including the following steps: 1) Synchronously collect and preprocess sensor data and power supply status data; 2) Based on the preprocessed data, the power supply status is divided; 3) Assign weights to different functional components based on the scenario; 4) Develop a power supply strategy for each functional component based on its power supply status and weight; 5) Implement the power supply strategy and make feedback adjustments.

[0011] Preferably, the data preprocessing method in step 1) is: moving average filtering.

[0012] Preferably, in step 2), the power supply status is divided into 3 categories, specifically: Let the photovoltaic power generation be P. pu The total power consumption is P total The remaining power of the energy storage component is at SOC; If P pu ≥P total If the first preset coefficient is multiplied and the SOC is greater than or equal to the first preset margin, it is considered sufficient. If P pu < Ptotal × First preset coefficient and SOC ≥ Second preset margin; Or, the third preset margin ≤ SOC < the second preset margin, and P pu ≥P total ×Second preset coefficient, judged as medium; If SOC < third preset margin and P pu <P total × the second preset coefficient, is determined to be insufficient.

[0013] Preferably, in step 3), Each functional component includes fixed weights and dynamic weights, where the fixed weights take the following values: The electrochromic component is priced at 1, the sensor component at 0.9, the louver drive component at 0.8, the display component at 0.7, the wireless communication component at 0.7, and the audio component at 0.5. The electrochromic components, audio components, display components, and louver drive components employ dynamic weighting. The dynamic weight = fixed weight value × K, where K is a dynamic factor, and the rule for the value of K is as follows: Electrochromic components, audio components, and display components: K=1.0 when people are present; K=0.5 when no people are present. For louver drive components and electrochromic components: when the light intensity is greater than the first preset light intensity value, K=1.0; when the light intensity is less than the second preset light intensity value, K=0.3; when the first preset light intensity value is greater than the second preset light intensity value, the rest are taken as 0.65. Venetian blind drive assembly: when temperature > first preset temperature value, K=1.0; when temperature < second preset temperature value, K=0.5; when first preset light intensity value > second preset light intensity value, the rest are taken as 0.75; When there is a conflict in the values, the maximum value is used.

[0014] Preferred power supply strategy in step 4): When power supply is sufficient: all functional components are powered at full power; When the power supply is moderate: only functional components with a weight ≥ 0.5 are powered at full power, modules with a weight in the range of (0.3-0.5) have reduced power consumption, and functional components with a weight less than 0.3 are powered intermittently; When power supply is insufficient: only the electrochromic components, sensor components, power distribution circuit board, and wireless communication components are powered.

[0015] Preferably, the feedback adjustment method in step 5) is as follows: Collect the power of each module after execution and calculate the actual power consumption P. 实际 With decision target power consumption P 目标 The deviation △P=P 实际 -P 目标， If △P exceeds the deviation threshold, adjust immediately: If ΔP is positive, then reduce the power consumption of the secondary core module; If ΔP is negative, the power consumption of the core module will increase.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by prioritizing components and dynamically allocating power, electrical energy is distributed rationally and efficiently to ensure the continuous operation of core functional components; the independent circuit design avoids the cascading effects of module failures, thereby improving system reliability; and the utilization rate of photovoltaic energy is improved to meet the basic needs and safety requirements of ships during navigation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the control chip in a power distribution circuit board. Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the energy storage component in a power distribution circuit board. Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram for the voltage boost and regulation sections of the power supply circuit. Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram for the power monitoring section. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] A zoned independent power supply control device for a marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass includes a photovoltaic power supply component and an energy storage component, and also includes a power distribution circuit board, on which a control chip and a voltage / current ADC sampling circuit are provided. The power distribution circuit board is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power supply module, energy storage module and each functional module through separate circuits. Each circuit is equipped with a circuit breaker and a power monitoring chip, which are electrically connected to the control chip.

[0020] In this embodiment, the functional components include: an electrochromic component, a louver drive component, a sensor component, a display component, a wireless communication component, and an audio component.

[0021] In this embodiment, each circuit is also equipped with overcurrent and overvoltage protection units. When the circuit current exceeds a preset power threshold or the voltage exceeds a preset voltage threshold, the circuit breaker of the corresponding line automatically trips. Each circuit integrates "power monitoring + independent circuit breaker + overcurrent protection" to achieve fault isolation and prevent single-module failures from affecting the overall system. Each circuit uses a series fuse and MOSFET circuit breaker to monitor the circuit current / voltage in real time. In case of an anomaly, the faulty circuit is quickly disconnected to ensure normal power supply to other modules. The core modules (electrochromic, sensor) are equipped with backup power supply paths. In this embodiment, the sensor assembly includes a light sensor, an infrared radiation sensor, and a human body sensing sensor.

[0022] A method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass is also provided, including the following steps: 1) Synchronously collect and preprocess sensor data and power supply status data; 2) Based on the preprocessed data, the power supply status is divided; 3) Assign weights to different functional components based on the scenario; 4) Develop a power supply strategy for each functional component based on its power supply status and weight; 5) Implement the power supply strategy and make feedback adjustments.

[0023] In this embodiment, the data preprocessing method in step 1) is: moving average filtering.

[0024] In this embodiment, the power supply status in step 2) is divided into 3 categories, specifically: Let the photovoltaic power generation be P. puThe total power consumption is P total The remaining power of the energy storage component is at SOC; If P pu ≥P total If the first preset coefficient is multiplied and the SOC is greater than or equal to the first preset margin, it is considered sufficient. If P pu < Ptotal × First preset coefficient and SOC ≥ Second preset margin; Or, the third preset margin ≤ SOC < the second preset margin, and P pu ≥P total ×Second preset coefficient, judged as medium; If SOC < third preset margin and P pu <P total × the second preset coefficient, is determined to be insufficient.

[0025] In this embodiment, in step 3), Each functional component includes fixed weights and dynamic weights, where the fixed weights take the following values: The electrochromic component is priced at 1, the sensor component at 0.9, the louver drive component at 0.8, the display component at 0.7, the wireless communication component at 0.7, and the audio component at 0.5. The electrochromic components, audio components, display components, and louver drive components employ dynamic weighting. Dynamic weight = Fixed weight value × K, where K is a dynamic factor, and the rules for determining the value of K are as follows: Electrochromic components, audio components, and display components: K=1.0 when people are present; K=0.5 when no people are present. For louver drive components and electrochromic components: when the light intensity is greater than the first preset light intensity value, K=1.0; when the light intensity is less than the second preset light intensity value, K=0.3; when the first preset light intensity value is greater than the second preset light intensity value, the rest are taken as 0.65. Venetian blind drive assembly: when temperature > first preset temperature value, K=1.0; when temperature < second preset temperature value, K=0.5; when first preset light intensity value > second preset light intensity value, the rest are taken as 0.75; When there is a conflict in the values, the maximum value is used.

[0026] In this embodiment, the power supply strategy in step 4) is as follows: When power supply is sufficient: all functional components are powered at full power; When the power supply is moderate: only functional components with a weight ≥ 0.5 are powered at full power, modules with a weight in the range of (0.3-0.5) have reduced power consumption, and functional components with a weight less than 0.3 are powered intermittently; When power supply is insufficient: only the electrochromic components, sensor components, power distribution circuit board, and wireless communication components are powered.

[0027] In this embodiment, the method for feedback adjustment in step 5) is as follows: Collect the power of each module after execution and calculate the actual power consumption P. 实际 With decision target power consumption P 目标 The deviation △P=P 实际 -P 目标， If △P exceeds the deviation threshold, adjust immediately: If ΔP is positive, then reduce the power consumption of the secondary core module; If ΔP is negative, the power consumption of the core module will increase.

[0028] It also includes fault monitoring function: the power monitoring chip collects the circuit voltage (Vn) and current (In) in real time. When In > preset threshold or Vn is abnormal, the control chip immediately outputs a high-level signal to control the circuit breaker to turn off, and at the same time records the fault information and feeds it back to the ship control system through the wireless module.

[0029] Based on the importance of modules and scenario requirements, a fixed priority is set (which can be adjusted through firmware upgrades), and power supply resources are dynamically allocated in combination with photovoltaic power generation and remaining energy storage capacity (SOC) to prioritize the operation of safety-related modules.

[0030] Example 1 Hardware components: Photovoltaic power supply components: Solar photovoltaic panel (12V / 50W), MPPT charging management module (CN3065) Used to collect solar energy, converting unstable DC voltage into stable voltage to charge the energy storage unit, and simultaneously directly powering some modules. The photovoltaic panel outputs 12V DC voltage, which is converted to 5V by the MPPT charging management module CN3065 (maximum 2A charging current) to charge the lithium battery pack; the battery protection board DW01+8205A monitors the battery voltage in real time, and automatically cuts off the charging / discharging circuit when the voltage is >12.6V (overcharge) or <9V (over-discharge); the SOC detection module MAX17048 transmits the remaining power data (accuracy ±1%) to the STM32 via the I2C interface.

[0031] Energy storage components: 18650 lithium battery pack (3S / 11.1V / 5Ah), battery protection board (DW01+8205A), SOC detection module (MAX17048) Used to store photovoltaic energy and provide continuous power; detects battery voltage / current / remaining charge to achieve overcharge / over-discharge / overcurrent protection. Power distribution circuit board: STM32F103C8T6 main controller, power monitoring chip (INA219×8), MOSFET circuit breaker (IRF540×8), voltage / current sampling circuit (ADC), fault detection module, sensor data fusion unit, used to analyze sensor data and power supply status, output power distribution commands; monitor the power consumption of each loop; control the loop on / off, and collect power supply parameters and module operating status of each loop in real time, and feed them back to the control layer to form closed-loop control. Each loop adopts the architecture of "lithium battery pack → DC-DC regulator module → fuse → power monitoring chip → MOSFET circuit breaker → load module".

[0032] Eight independent power supply channels (including DC-DC regulator, fuse, and filter circuit) provide matching voltage (3.3V / 5V / ±3V) for each functional module, achieving electrical isolation and voltage adaptation; Electrochromic film, light / heat / human body sensors, louver drive, display unit, voice module, wireless communication, etc., are the core functional execution units of the system, receiving power supply and control commands to complete corresponding functions (dimming, interaction, communication, etc.).

[0033] The connection methods between the components are conventional technologies, which will not be elaborated further. See details below. Figures 1 to 4 .

[0034] A method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass zones includes the following steps: 1) Synchronously collect and preprocess sensor data and power supply status data; 2) Based on the preprocessed data, the power supply status is divided; 3) Assign weights to different functional components based on the scenario; 4) Develop a power supply strategy for each functional component based on its power supply status and weight; 5) Implement the power supply strategy and make feedback adjustments.

[0035] Step 1) Data preprocessing method: Moving average filtering: Apply a 5-point moving average to the data. X filter = (X1 + X2 + X3 + X4 + X5) / 5 In step 2), the power supply status is divided into 3 categories; Meet the photovoltaic power generation P pu ≥ Total power consumption P total ×1.1, and the remaining power SOC ≥ 50%, is considered sufficient; Satisfy any of the following: P pu < Ptotal ×1.1 and SOC≥20%; Or 20%≤SOC<50% and Ppu ≥P total ×0.8, classified as moderate; Satisfying SOC < 20% and P pu <P total ×0.8, which is considered insufficient.

[0036] Step 3) Each functional component includes fixed weights and dynamic weights, where the fixed weights take the following values: The electrochromic component is priced at 1, the sensor component at 0.9, the louver drive component at 0.8, the display component at 0.7, the wireless communication component at 0.7, and the audio component at 0.5. The electrochromic components, audio components, display components, and louver drive components employ dynamic weighting. Dynamic weight = Fixed weight value × K, where K is a dynamic factor, and the rules for determining the value of K are as follows: Electrochromic components, audio components, and display components: K=1.0 when people are present; K=0.5 when no people are present. For louver drive components and electrochromic components: when the light intensity is >5000 lux, K=1.0; when the light intensity is <2000 lux, K=0.3; otherwise, K=0.65. Louver drive assembly: K=1.0 for temperatures >35℃; K=0.5 for temperatures <15℃; and 0.75 for the rest. When there is a conflict in the values, the maximum value is used.

[0037] In this embodiment, the power supply strategy in step 4) is as follows: When P≥P total x1.1: All circuits are powered at full power; When 20% ≤ SOC < 50% or P < P total : Only modules with a weight ≥ 0.5 are supplied with full power, modules with a weight ≤ 0.3 and < 0.5 have reduced power consumption, and modules with Wn < 0.3 are supplied with intermittent power. When SOC < 20%: Only the electrochromic film, sensor, main controller, and wireless communication power supply are retained. Electrochromic component > louver drive component > display component > audio component; In this embodiment, the method for feedback adjustment in step 5) is as follows: Collect the power of each module after execution and calculate the actual power consumption P. 实际 With decision target power consumption P 目标 The deviation △P=P 实际 -P 目标， If △P exceeds the deviation threshold, adjust immediately: If ΔP is positive, then reduce the power consumption of the secondary core module; for example, reduce the display brightness by another 20%. If ΔP is negative, then the power consumption of the core module is increased, such as by increasing the sampling rate.

[0038] It also includes anomaly tolerance mechanisms. The algorithm has built-in fault-tolerance logic to handle hardware failures or data anomalies. Core rules: 1. Data acquisition anomaly If no data is read from INA219 / MAX17048 for three consecutive cycles, it is determined to be an I2C bus fault. Switch to "default power supply mode" (power supply only to the core module) and report the fault through the WBR2 module. If the ADC sampling value remains unchanged for 5 consecutive cycles, it is determined to be an ADC fault. The historical SOC and Ppv values ​​are used, and the fault is marked.

[0039] 2. Module failure If a module's Pn exceeds twice the rated power for two consecutive cycles, the circuit will be immediately shut down (PBn will be set low). The fault module number will be recorded in the STM32Flash and wirelessly fed back to the ship's control console. Electrochromic film failure (current > 1A) → Switch to backup channel power supply (PB7 set high) to ensure basic dimming function.

[0040] 3. Manual command overwrite If a manual command (such as "force dim the glass") is received from the S810 voice module or wireless communication, the algorithm pauses automatic decision-making, prioritizes the execution of the manual command, and resumes automatic mode after 5 minutes (to prevent accidental operation). Fault isolation principle: The power monitoring chip INA219 collects the circuit voltage (Vn) and current (In) in real time. When In > preset threshold (e.g., sensor circuit > 50mA, display circuit > 500mA) or Vn is abnormal (e.g., electrochromic film circuit > 3.5V), STM32 immediately outputs a high-level signal to control the MOSFET circuit breaker IRF540 to turn off. At the same time, it records the fault information (stored in Flash) and feeds it back to the ship control system through the wireless module.

[0041] This invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative effort, and all such substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A zoned independent power supply control device for marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass, comprising photovoltaic power supply components and energy storage components, characterized in that, It also includes a power distribution circuit board, which is equipped with a control chip and a voltage / current ADC sampling circuit. The power distribution circuit board is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power supply module, energy storage module and each functional module via a separate circuit. Each circuit is equipped with a circuit breaker and a power monitoring chip, which are electrically connected to the control chip.

2. The independent power supply control device for a marine photovoltaic electronic control glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional components include: an electrochromic component, a louver drive component, a sensor component, a display component, a wireless communication component, and an audio component.

3. The independent power supply control device for a marine photovoltaic electronic control glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each circuit is also equipped with overcurrent and overvoltage protection units. When the circuit current exceeds the preset power threshold or the voltage exceeds the preset voltage threshold, the circuit breaker of the circuit will automatically disconnect.

4. The independent power supply control device for a marine photovoltaic electronic control glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor assembly includes a light sensor, an infrared radiation sensor, and a human body sensing sensor.

5. A method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Synchronously collect and preprocess sensor data and power supply status data; 2) Based on the preprocessed data, the power supply status is divided; 3) Assign weights to different functional components based on the scenario; 4) Develop a power supply strategy for each functional component based on its power supply status and weight; 5) Implement the power supply strategy and make feedback adjustments.

6. The method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data preprocessing method in step 1) is: moving average filtering.

7. The method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronic control glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 2), the power supply status is divided into 3 categories, specifically: Let the photovoltaic power generation be P. pu The total power consumption is P total The remaining power of the energy storage component is at SOC; If P pu ≥P total If the first preset coefficient is multiplied and the SOC is greater than or equal to the first preset margin, it is considered sufficient. If P pu < Ptotal × First preset coefficient and SOC ≥ Second preset margin; Or, the third preset margin ≤ SOC < the second preset margin, and P pu ≥P total ×Second preset coefficient, judged as medium; If SOC < third preset margin and P pu <P total × the second preset coefficient, is determined to be insufficient.

8. The method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 3), Each functional component includes fixed weights and dynamic weights, where the fixed weights take the following values: The electrochromic component is priced at 1, the sensor component at 0.9, the louver drive component at 0.8, the display component at 0.7, the wireless communication component at 0.7, and the audio component at 0.

5. The electrochromic components, audio components, display components, and louver drive components employ dynamic weighting. The dynamic weight = fixed weight value × K, where K is a dynamic factor, and the rule for the value of K is as follows: Electrochromic components, audio components, and display components: [Number of components], K=1.0; No one is present, K=0.5; For louver drive components and electrochromic components: when the light intensity is greater than the first preset light intensity value, K=1.0; when the light intensity is less than the second preset light intensity value, K=0.3; when the first preset light intensity value is greater than the second preset light intensity value, the rest are taken as 0.

65. Venetian blind drive assembly: when temperature > first preset temperature value, K=1.0; when temperature < second preset temperature value, K=0.5; when first preset light intensity value > second preset light intensity value, the rest are taken as 0.75; When there is a conflict in the values, the maximum value is used.

9. A method for independent power supply control of marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass according to claim 80, characterized in that, Power supply strategy in step 4): When power supply is sufficient: all functional components are powered at full power; When the power supply is moderate: only functional components with a weight ≥ 0.5 are powered at full power, modules with a weight in the range of (0.3-0.5) have reduced power consumption, and functional components with a weight less than 0.3 are powered intermittently; When power supply is insufficient: only the electrochromic components, sensor components, power distribution circuit board, and wireless communication components are powered.

10. A method for independent power supply control of a marine photovoltaic electronically controlled glass zone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for feedback adjustment in step 5): Collect the power of each module after execution and calculate the actual power consumption P. 实际 With decision target power consumption P 目标 The deviation △P=P 实际 -P 目标， If △P exceeds the deviation threshold, adjust immediately: If ΔP is positive, then reduce the power consumption of the secondary core module; If ΔP is negative, the power consumption of the core module will increase.

Images