Multi-carrier on-off keying communications

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for multicarrier on-off keying communications. A method for wireless communication by an apparatus, the method comprising: receiving a signal comprising a plurality of carrier frequencies modulated with on-off keying; decoding the signal based at least in part on the delta frequency being associated with a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency among the plurality of carrier frequencies; and recovering data from the decoded signal.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 18 / 494,901, filed on October 26, 2023, entitled “MULTI-CARRIER ON-OFF KEYING COMMUNICATIONS,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] introduction Technical Field

[0003] Various aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication, and more specifically to techniques for multi-carrier on-off keying (OOK) communication.

[0004] Related technical descriptions Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, broadcasting, or other similar services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with multiple users by sharing available wireless communication system resources.

[0005] Despite significant technological advancements in wireless communication systems over the years, challenges remain. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and receivers. Therefore, there is a continuous desire to improve the technical performance of wireless communication systems, including, for example: improving communication speed and data carrying capacity; improving the efficiency of shared communication media; reducing the power consumed by transmitters and receivers during communication; improving the reliability of wireless communication; avoiding redundant transmission and / or reception and related processing; improving the coverage area of ​​wireless communication; increasing the number and types of devices that can access the wireless communication system; increasing the ability of different types of devices to communicate with each other; and increasing the number and types of available wireless communication media. Therefore, there is a need for further improvements to wireless communication systems to overcome the aforementioned technical challenges and other obstacles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One aspect provides a method for wireless communication by a device. The method includes: receiving a signal comprising a plurality of carrier frequencies modulated using on / off keying; decoding the signal at least in part based on an incremental frequency associated with a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency among the plurality of carrier frequencies; and recovering data from the decoded signal.

[0007] On the other hand, a method for wireless communication by a device is provided. The method includes: obtaining an indication of one or more incremental frequencies for decoding a multi-carrier signal modulated using on-off keying, the one or more incremental frequencies including an incremental frequency; and transmitting a signal including a plurality of carrier frequencies modulated using the on-off keying, wherein the plurality of carrier frequencies include a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency, wherein the incremental frequency is associated with the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency, and wherein the signal includes data.

[0008] Other aspects provide: one or more means operable to, configured to, or otherwise adapted to perform any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that performance can be implemented by only one means or in a distributed manner across multiple means); one or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of the one or more means, cause the one or more means to perform any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that instructions can be included in only one computer-readable medium or in a distributed manner across multiple computer-readable media, such that instructions can be executed by only one processor or by multiple processors in a distributed manner, such that the one or more means can perform any portion of any method described herein). Each device in the apparatus may include one or more processors, and / or enable execution to be performed by only one device or in a distributed manner across multiple devices; one or more computer program products embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media including code for performing any part of any method described herein (e.g., enabling the code to be stored in only one computer-readable medium or in a distributed manner across computer-readable media); and / or one or more means including one or more components for performing any part of any method described herein (e.g., enabling execution to be performed by only one device or by multiple devices in a distributed manner). By way of example, an apparatus may include a processing system, a device having a processing system, or a processing system cooperating via one or more networks. For illustrative purposes, certain features are set forth in the following description and figures. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings depict certain features of the various aspects described herein and should not be considered as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0010] Figure 1 An example wireless communication network is depicted.

[0011] Figure 2 An example decomposed base station architecture is described.

[0012] Figure 3 Various aspects of the example base station and example user equipment (UE) are described.

[0013] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Various example aspects of data structures used in wireless communication networks are described.

[0014] Figure 5 An example component of a UE with energy harvesting capabilities is depicted.

[0015] Figure 6 The various aspects related to different radio frequency energy harvesting and RF communication architectures for devices with energy harvesting capabilities are described.

[0016] Figure 7 An example receiver architecture for demodulating multi-carrier on-off keying (OOK) signals is described.

[0017] Figure 8A and Figure 8B The spectral density of the example multicarrier OOK signal and its corresponding incremental frequency component are depicted respectively.

[0018] Figure 9A and Figure 9B Example spectral densities of the incremental frequency components associated with multicarrier OOK signals under different channel conditions are depicted.

[0019] Figure 10 The process flow for communication between network entities and UEs in the network is described.

[0020] Figure 11 A method for wireless communication is described.

[0021] Figure 12 Another method for wireless communication is described.

[0022] Figure 13 Various aspects of the example communication device are described.

[0023] Figure 14 Various aspects of the example communication device are described. Detailed Implementation

[0024] This disclosure provides apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for multi-carrier on / off keying communication.

[0025] Certain wireless communication systems (e.g., Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) systems, 5G new radio systems, and / or any future wireless communication systems) may use a physical layer configured for very low power consumption and low complexity (which may be beneficial for devices that rely on battery power to operate, such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices) and / or utilize power harvesting circuitry to achieve access to network services. Some IoT devices may include environmental IoT devices (e.g., UEs), such as active IoT devices, semi-passive IoT devices, and passive IoT devices, as further described herein.

[0026] Technical challenges in wireless communication for IoT devices include, for example, energy management (e.g., reducing energy consumption of low-power sensors) and device complexity (e.g., reducing transceiver complexity for low-cost devices). Certain modulation schemes (e.g., Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and / or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)) may not account for the energy consumption and / or transceiver complexity required to implement them. Such modulation schemes can use transceivers that consume too much power for IoT devices, especially environmental IoT. Furthermore, the modulation schemes can use relatively complex transceivers, which may make IoT devices prohibitively expensive for various use cases (e.g., as sensors, identification tags, etc.).

[0027] In some cases, the IoT physical layer can achieve low power consumption and / or low complexity by using simple modulation waveforms, such as on / off keying (OOK) modulation. For example, OOK modulation can be used for downlink (and / or sidelink) transmission for certain IoT devices, such as passive or semi-passive IoT identification tags referred to herein as tags. OOK detection may not use downconversion and frequency synchronization of the RF signal, which translates to a reduction in the complexity of the IoT device's receiver chain. For example, at the IoT device, an envelope tracking (ET)-based decoding architecture can be used. The ET architecture can recover the amplitude-modulated signal corresponding to the amplitude envelope of the OOK.

[0028] Technical challenges of OOK modulation include, for example, interference suppression and / or signal fading. For instance, the ET waveform (e.g., the OOK signal) may be susceptible to interference from other wireless communication devices, especially when the single-carrier OOK signal is within the interference bandwidth. Transmissions from other wireless communication devices may have amplitude envelopes similar to those used for OOK modulation, and these transmissions from other wireless communication devices can cause interference at IoT devices. This interference can disrupt envelope tracking operation at IoT devices, leading to degraded received signal quality and / or signal strength. In some cases, the OOK signal may experience frequency-selective fading, and the OOK signal may fade completely. In some cases, power spectral density (PSD) specifications can set a specific PSD per megahertz frequency bandwidth in the channel. Even with high processing gain, a high signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) can be used to recover an OOK signal with ET. However, such high SINR may be impractical due to interference, fading, and / or PSD specifications. These technical challenges can cause the wireless communication performance of OOK communication to fail to meet certain specifications (e.g., throughput, latency, and / or reliability) expected by generations of wireless technologies.

[0029] The aspects described herein overcome the aforementioned technical problems by providing techniques for communication using multi-carrier OOK signals. To improve the signal quality and / or signal strength of the signal received at a receiving device (e.g., an IoT device), the same OOK signal can be modulated on multiple carriers. Multi-carrier OOK signals allow frequency diversity to avoid and / or mitigate interference from other wireless communication devices (and / or avoid / mitigate other signal propagation effects), as further described herein.

[0030] At the receiving device, a dedicated receiver architecture, referred to herein as a two-stage rectifier architecture, can be used to demodulate multicarrier OOK signals, for example, relative to... Figure 7 Further description. Generally speaking, the initial rectifier in the receiver architecture generates the product of two carrier pairs among the multiple carriers in a multi-carrier OOK signal. The product of the carrier pairs can be modeled as a sinusoidal signal at the incremental frequencies of the two carriers. If the carrier frequencies are respectively f 0 and f 1 Then it can be done at the incremental frequency ( f 1 - f 0The peak values ​​associated with amplitude modulation (e.g., OOK modulation) can be recovered at the receiving device. For example, by utilizing the increment frequency in the passband of a filter, the DC component indicating the information payload of the received signal can be recovered at the receiving device. The receiving device can use any increment frequency associated with a multicarrier OOK signal for demodulation, as further described herein.

[0031] The techniques for multi-carrier OOK communication described herein offer a variety of beneficial effects and / or advantages. Techniques for multi-carrier OOK communication can achieve improved wireless communication performance, such as reduced power consumption, reduced complexity, increased data rates, reduced latency, and increased reliability. For example, improved wireless communication performance may be attributed to the multi-carrier OOK communication described herein due to interference mitigation (and / or mitigation of other signal propagation effects) facilitated by incremental frequency decoding. For example, decoding with incremental frequencies can avoid and / or mitigate interference within the ET window. In some cases, since multiple carriers are modulated using the same OOK signal, incremental frequencies can provide a stronger received signal quality and / or signal strength compared to a single-carrier OOK signal. Furthermore, the receiver architecture described herein avoids the use of expensive and power-consuming transceiver components, such as amplifiers for signal amplification, frequency synthesizers and mixers for down-conversion, and / or analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) for data recovery. As an example, the receiver architecture described herein can down-convert to incremental frequencies using rectifiers as further described herein. Furthermore, since the recovered DC component of the recovered OOK signal is actually a digital signal, the receiver architecture is able to perform analog-to-digital conversion without an ADC.

[0032] Introduction to wireless communication networks The techniques and methods described herein can be used in a variety of wireless communication networks. Although aspects herein may be described using terms commonly associated with 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, and / or other generations of wireless technologies, aspects of this disclosure are equally applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0033] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication network 100 in which the aspects described herein can be implemented is depicted.

[0034] Generally, wireless communication network 100 includes various network entities (alternatively, network elements or network nodes). Network entities are typically communication devices and / or communication functions performed by communication devices (e.g., user equipment (UE), base station (BS), components of a BS, servers, etc.). Because such communication devices are part of wireless communication network 100 and facilitate wireless communication, they may be referred to as wireless communication devices. For example, various functions of the network and various devices associated with and interacting with the network may be considered network entities. Furthermore, wireless communication network 100 includes terrestrial and non-terrestrial aspects (also referred to herein as non-terrestrial network entities). Terrestrial aspects include ground-based network entities (e.g., BS 102), and non-terrestrial aspects include satellite 140 or other airborne platforms. These non-terrestrial aspects may include airborne network entities (e.g., one or more BSs) capable of communicating with other network elements (e.g., ground BSs) and UEs.

[0035] In the depicted example, wireless communication network 100 includes BS 102, UE 104 and one or more core networks (such as Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160 and 5G Core (5GC) network 190) that interoperate to provide communication services over various communication links, including wired and wireless links.

[0036] Figure 1 Various example UEs 104 are described, which may more generally include: cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, GPS devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players, cameras, game consoles, tablets, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, always-on (AON) devices, edge processing devices, data centers, or other similar devices. UE 104 may also be more generally referred to as mobile devices, wireless devices, stations, mobile stations, subscriber stations, mobile subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, remote devices, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, mobile phones, and others.

[0037] BS 102 communicates wirelessly with UE 104 via communication link 120 (e.g., transmitting or receiving signals to or from UE 104). Communication link 120 between BS 102 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also known as reverse link) transmission from UE 104 to BS 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as forward link) transmission from BS 102 to UE 104. In various aspects, communication link 120 may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity.

[0038] BS 102 may typically include: Node B, Enhanced Node B (eNB), Next Generation Enhanced Node B (ng-eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB or gNodeB), access point, transceiver base station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver functionality, transmit / receive point, and / or others. Each of BS 102 provides communication coverage for a corresponding coverage area 110, which may sometimes be referred to as a cell, and in some cases may overlap (e.g., a small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps with the coverage area 110 of a macro cell). For example, BS may provide communication coverage for macro cells (covering a relatively large geographic area), pico cells (covering a relatively small geographic area, such as a stadium), femtocells (covering a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home)), and / or other types of cells.

[0039] Generally, a cell can refer to a portion, partition, or segment of wireless communication coverage served by a network entity within a wireless communication network. A cell can have geographical characteristics (such as a geographical coverage area) and radio frequency characteristics (such as time and / or frequency resources dedicated to the cell). For example, multiple cells using different frequency resources (e.g., bandwidth portions) and / or different time resources can cover a specific geographical coverage area. As another example, a single cell can cover a specific geographical coverage area. In some contexts (e.g., carrier aggregation scenarios and / or multi-connectivity scenarios), the terms "cell" or "serving cell" can refer to or correspond to a specific carrier frequency (e.g., component carrier) used for wireless communication, and "cell group" can refer to or correspond to multiple carriers used for wireless communication. As an example, in a carrier aggregation scenario, a UE can communicate on multiple component carriers corresponding to multiple (serving) cells in the same cell group, and in a multi-connectivity (e.g., dual-connectivity) scenario, a UE can communicate on multiple component carriers corresponding to multiple cell groups.

[0040] Although BS 102 is described as a single communication device in various aspects, it can be implemented in a variety of configurations. For example, to give a few examples, one or more components of the base station can be decomposed, including a central unit (CU), one or more distributed units (DU), one or more radio units (RU), a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC. In another example, various aspects of the base station can be virtualized. More generally, a base station (e.g., BS 102) can include components located at a single physical location or components located at various physical locations. In examples where the base station includes components located at various physical locations, the various components can each perform functions, such that the various components collectively achieve functionality similar to a base station located at a single physical location. In some aspects, a base station including components located at various physical locations can be referred to as a decomposed radio access network architecture (such as an open RAN (O-RAN) or virtualized RAN (VRAN) architecture). Figure 2 An example decomposed base station architecture is depicted and described.

[0041] Different BSs 102 within the wireless communication network 100 can also be configured to support different radio access technologies (such as 3G, 4G, and / or 5G). For example, a BS 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) can interface with EPC 160 via a first backhaul link 132 (e.g., S1 interface). A BS 102 configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) can interface with 5GC 190 via a second backhaul link 184. BSs 102 can communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via EPC 160 or 5GC 190) via a third backhaul link 134 (e.g., X2 interface), which can be wired or wireless.

[0042] Wireless communication network 100 can subdivide the electromagnetic spectrum into various categories, bands, channels, or other characteristics. In some aspects, subdivision is provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as carrier, subcarrier, channel, tone, or subband. For example, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 1 (FR1) as including 410MHz to 7125MHz, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as “sub-6GHz”. Similarly, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 2 (FR2) as including 24,250MHz to 71,000MHz, which is sometimes (interchangeably) referred to as “millimeter wave” (“mmW” or “mmWave”). In some cases, FR2 can be further defined according to subranges (such as a first subrange FR2-1 including 24,250MHz-52,600MHz and a second subrange FR2-2 including 52,600MHz-71,000MHz). Base stations configured to communicate using mmWave / near mmWave radio bands (e.g., mmWave base stations such as BS 180) can utilize beamforming (e.g., 182) with UEs (e.g., 104) to improve path loss and range.

[0043] The communication link 120 between BS 102 and, for example, UE 104 can be via one or more carriers, which may have different bandwidths (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz and / or other MHz) and may be aggregated in various ways. The carriers may be adjacent to each other or may not be adjacent to each other. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL).

[0044] Compared to lower-frequency communication, communication using higher frequency bands may have higher path loss and shorter range. Therefore, some base stations (e.g., Figure 1The beamforming 182 of the BS 180 (180) with the UE 104 can be used to improve path loss and range. For example, the BS 180 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays, to facilitate beamforming. In some cases, the BS 180 may transmit beamformed signals to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182''. The UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from the BS 180 in one or more receive directions 182''. The UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals to the BS 180 in one or more transmit directions 182''. The BS 180 may also receive beamformed signals from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions 182''. The BS 180 and UE 104 may then perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of the BS 180 and UE 104. It is worth noting that the transmit and receive directions of the BS 180 may or may not be the same. Similarly, the sending and receiving directions of UE 104 can be the same or different.

[0045] The wireless communication network 100 also includes a Wi-Fi AP 150 that communicates with a Wi-Fi station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in, for example, unlicensed spectrum in 2.4 GHz and / or 5 GHz.

[0046] Some UEs 104 may use device-to-device (D2D) communication links 158 to communicate with each other. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0047] EPC 160 may include various functional components, including: such as the Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162 in the illustrated example, other MMEs 164, Serving Gateway 166, Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and / or Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. MME 162 can communicate with Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. MME 162 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and EPC 160. Generally, MME 162 provides bearer and connectivity management.

[0048] Generally, user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transmitted through Serving Gateway 166, which is itself connected to PDN Gateway 172. PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. PDN Gateway 172 and BM-SC 170 are connected to IP service 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, intranet, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), packet switching (PS) streaming service, and / or other IP services.

[0049] The BM-SC 170 provides functions for MBMS user service dispatch and delivery. The BM-SC 170 can serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmissions, can be used to authorize and initiate MBMS bearer services within a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), and / or can be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMS gateway 168 can be used to distribute MBMS services to BS 102 belonging to a Broadcast-Specific Service Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area, and / or can be responsible for session management (start / stop) and collecting eMBMS-related billing information.

[0050] 5GC 190 may include various functional components, including: Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and User Plane Function (UPF) 195. AMF 192 can communicate with Unified Data Management (UDM) 196.

[0051] AMF 192 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and 5GC 190. AMF 192 provides services such as Quality of Service (QoS) flow and session management.

[0052] Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transmitted via UPF 195, which connects to IP service 197 and provides the UE with IP address allocation and other functions for 5GC 190. IP service 197 may include, for example, the Internet, intranet, IMS, PS streaming service, and / or other IP services.

[0053] In various aspects, to give a few examples, network entities or network nodes can be implemented as aggregated base stations, decomposed base stations, components of base stations, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, relay nodes, and sidelink nodes.

[0054] Figure 2An example decomposed base station 200 architecture is depicted. The decomposed base station 200 architecture may include one or more central units (CUs) 210, which may communicate directly with the core network 220 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 220 through one or more decomposed base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 225 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 215 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 205, or both. CUs 210 may communicate with one or more distributed units (DUs) 230 via corresponding midhaul links (such as F1 interfaces). DUs 230 may communicate with one or more radio units (RUs) 240 via corresponding fronthaul links. RUs 240 may communicate with a corresponding UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some specific implementations, UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 240.

[0055] Each unit in a cell (e.g., CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225, non-RT RIC 215, and SMO frame 205) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the cells, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the cell's communication interface, may be configured to communicate with one or more other cells via the transmission medium. For example, these cells may include a wired interface configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other cells via a wired transmission medium. Additionally or alternatively, a cell may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as a radio frequency (RF) transceiver) configured to receive signals on a wireless transmission medium or transmit signals to one or more other cells, or both.

[0056] In some aspects, CU 210 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by CU 210. CU 210 can be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or combinations thereof. In some implementations, CU 210 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. CU 210 can be implemented to communicate with DU 230 for network control and signaling, as needed.

[0057] DU 230 may correspond to a logical unit comprising one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 240s. In some aspects, DU 230 may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.), depending at least in part on the functional breakdown, such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In some aspects, DU 230 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signaling with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 230 or with control functions hosted by CU 210.

[0058] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 240s. In some deployments, an RU240 controlled by a DU 230 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or both, at least in part based on functional decomposition (such as lower-layer functional decomposition). In such architectures, the RU 240 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 104s. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 240 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 230. In some scenarios, this configuration enables the implementation of the DU 230 and CU 210 in cloud-based RAN architectures such as vRAN architectures.

[0059] SMO framework 205 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 205 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 205 can be configured to interact with cloud computing platforms such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 290 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via cloud computing platform interfaces such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225. In some specific implementations, SMO framework 205 may communicate with 4G RAN hardware aspects such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 211 via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 205 may communicate directly with one or more DU 230s and / or one or more RU 240s via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 205 may also include a non-RT RIC 215 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 205.

[0060] The non-RT RIC 215 can be configured to include logical functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 225. The non-RT RIC 215 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 225, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 225 can be configured to include logical functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as via an E2 interface, through data collection and actions, connecting one or more CU 210s, one or more DU 230s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 225.

[0061] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 225, the non-RT RIC 215 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 225 and may be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 205 or the non-RT RIC 215. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 215 or the near-RT RIC 225 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 215 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 205 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0062] Figure 3 Various aspects of examples BS 102 and UE 104 are described.

[0063] Generally, BS 102 includes various processors (e.g., 318, 320, 330, 338, and 340), antennas 334a-334t (collectively referred to as 334), transceivers 332a-332t (collectively referred to as 332) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable the wireless transmission of data (e.g., data source 312) and the wireless reception of data (e.g., data sink 314). For example, BS 102 can transmit and receive data between BS 102 and UE 104. BS 102 includes a controller / processor 340 that can be configured to implement the various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0064] Generally, UE 104 includes various processors (e.g., 358, 364, 366, 370, and 380), antennas 352a-352r (collectively referred to as 352), transceivers 354a-354r (collectively referred to as 354) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable the wireless transmission of data (e.g., retrieval from data source 362) and the wireless reception of data (e.g., provision to data sink 360). UE 104 includes a controller / processor 380 that can be configured to implement the various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0065] Regarding example downlink transmission, BS 102 includes a transmission processor 320 that can receive data from data source 312 and control information from controller / processor 340. This control information may be for a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Indicator Channel (PHICH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Group Common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), and / or others. In some examples, this data may be for a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).

[0066] The transmitter processor 320 can process (e.g., encode and symbol map) data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmitter processor 320 can also generate reference symbols (such as those for the primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)).

[0067] The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 330 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can provide the output symbol stream to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 332a-332t. Each modulator in transceivers 332a-332t can process its corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signal from the modulators in transceivers 332a-332t can be transmitted via antennas 334a-334t respectively.

[0068] To receive downlink transmissions, UE 104 includes antennas 352a-352r that receive downlink signals from BS 102 and provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 354a-354r respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 354a-354r can adjust (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) the corresponding received signal to obtain an input sample. Each demodulator can further process the input sample to obtain the received symbols.

[0069] The RX MIMO detector 356 acquires received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 354a-354r, performs MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provides the detected symbols. The receive processor 358 processes (e.g., demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes) the detected symbols, provides the decoded data for UE 104 to data sink 360, and provides the decoded control information to controller / processor 380.

[0070] Regarding the example uplink transmission, UE 104 further includes a transmission processor 364 that receives and processes data from data source 362 (e.g., for PUSCH) and control information from controller / processor 380 (e.g., for Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)). Transmission processor 364 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., for Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)). Symbols from transmission processor 364 may be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 366, where applicable, further processed by modulators in transceivers 354a-354r (e.g., for SC-FDM), and transmitted to BS 102.

[0071] At BS 102, uplink signals from UE 104 can be received by antennas 334a-334t, processed by demodulators in transceivers 332a-332t, detected where applicable by RX MIMO detector 336, and further processed by receiver processor 338 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 104. Receiver processor 338 can provide the decoded data to data sink 314 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 340.

[0072] Memory 342 and memory 382 can store data and program code for BS 102 and UE 104, respectively.

[0073] Scheduler 344 can schedule UE to transmit data on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0074] In various respects, BS 102 can be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, "transmitting" can refer to various mechanisms that output data, such as from data source 312, scheduler 344, memory 342, transmit processor 320, controller / processor 340, TX MIMO processor 330, transceiver 332a-332t, antenna 334a-334t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, "receiving" can refer to various mechanisms that acquire data, such as from antenna 334a-334t, transceiver 332a-332t, RX MIMO detector 336, controller / processor 340, receive processor 338, scheduler 344, memory 342, and / or other aspects described herein.

[0075] In various respects, UE 104 can also be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, “transmitting” can refer to various mechanisms that output data, such as from data source 362, memory 382, ​​transmit processor 364, controller / processor 380, TX MIMO processor 366, transceiver 354a-354t, antenna 352a-352t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, “receiving” can refer to various mechanisms that acquire data, such as from antenna 352a-352t, transceiver 354a-354t, RX MIMO detector 356, controller / processor 380, receive processor 358, memory 382, ​​and / or other aspects described herein.

[0076] In some respects, the processor can be configured to perform various operations (such as those associated with the methods described herein) and to send (output) data to or receive data from another interface configured to send or receive data, respectively.

[0077] In various aspects, artificial intelligence (AI) processors 318 and 370 may perform AI processing for BS 102 and / or UE 104, respectively. AI processor 318 may include AI accelerator hardware or circuitry, such as one or more neural processing units (NPUs), one or more neural network processors, one or more tensor processors, one or more deep learning processors, etc. AI processor 370 may similarly include AI accelerator hardware or circuitry. As an example, AI processor 370 may perform AI-based beam management, AI-based channel state feedback (CSF), AI-based antenna tuning, and / or AI-based positioning (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning). In some cases, AI processor 318 may use hardware-accelerated AI inference and / or AI training to process feedback (e.g., CSF) from UE 104. AI processor 318 may, for example, use hardware-accelerated AI inference associated with the CSF to decode compressed CSF from UE 104. In some cases, AI processor 318 may perform certain RAN-based functions, including, for example, network planning, network performance management, energy-efficient network operation, etc.

[0078] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Describes the use of wireless communication networks (such as Figure 1 All aspects of the data structure of the wireless communication network 100.

[0079] Specifically, Figure 4A Figure 400 is an example of the first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure. Figure 4B Figure 430 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G subframe. Figure 4C Figure 450 illustrates an example of the second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and Figure 4D Figure 480 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G subframe.

[0080] Wireless communication systems can utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on both the uplink and downlink. Such systems can also support half-duplex operation using Time Division Duplex (TDD). OFDM and Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) will (e.g., as...) Figure 4B and Figure 4D The system bandwidth (as depicted in the text) is divided into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. Each subcarrier can be modulated using data. Modulation symbols can be transmitted in the frequency domain using OFDM and / or in the time domain using SC-FDM.

[0081] Wireless communication frame structures can be frequency division duplex (FDD), where for a specific set of subcarriers, subframes within that set are dedicated to either deep (DL) or ultra-low (UL). Wireless communication frame structures can also be time division duplex (TDD), where for a specific set of subcarriers, subframes within that set are dedicated to both DL and UL.

[0082] exist Figure 4A and Figure 4C In this example, the wireless communication frame structure is TDD, where D stands for DL, U for UL, and X is flexibly used between DL and UL. The UE can configure the time slot format using the received Time Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (dynamically via DL Control Information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). In the depicted example, a 10ms frame is divided into 10 equal-sized 1ms subframes. Each subframe may include one or more time slots. In some examples, each time slot may include 12 or 14 symbols, depending on the Cyclic Prefix (CP) type (e.g., 12 symbols per time slot for extended CP, or 14 symbols per time slot for regular CP). Subframes may also include micro-time slots, which typically have fewer symbols than the entire time slot. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0083] In some respects, the number of time slots within a subframe (e.g., the time slot duration within a subframe) is based on a parameter set that defines the frequency-domain subcarrier spacing and symbol duration, as further described herein. In some respects, given a parameter set μ, each subframe has 2 μ The number of time slots is 1. Therefore, parameter sets (µ) 0 through 6 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 time slots per subframe, respectively. In some cases, extended CP (e.g., 12 symbols per time slot) can be used with specific parameter sets; for example, parameter set 2 allows for 4 time slots per subframe. Subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are functions of the parameter set. The subcarrier spacing can be equal to... kHz, where μ is the parameter set from 0 to 6. As an example, the parameter set... Corresponding to a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and the parameter set This corresponds to a subcarrier spacing of 960 kHz. Symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with subcarrier spacing. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D It provides a slot format with 14 symbols per slot (e.g., regular CP) and a parameter set with 4 slots per subframe. Example. In this case, the slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs.

[0084] like Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D As depicted, the resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also known as a physical RB (PRB)) extending for, for example, 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme, including, for example, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).

[0085] like Figure 4A As illustrated in the example, some REs in the RE carry information for the UE (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3 The reference (pilot) signal (RS) for the UE (104) may include a demodulation RS (DMRS) and / or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include a beam measurement RS (BRS), a beam refinement RS (BRRS), and / or a phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0086] Figure 4B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising, for example, nine RE groups (REGs), each REG comprising, for example, four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.

[0087] The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) can be located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is generated by the UE (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3 104) is used to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identifier.

[0088] The secondary synchronization signal (SSS) can be located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of a frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identification group number and radio frame timing.

[0089] Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DMRS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), carrying the Master Information Block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block. The MIB provides the number of RBs and the System Frame Number (SFN) in the system bandwidth. The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information (such as System Information Block (SIB)) not transmitted via the PBCH, and / or paging messages.

[0090] like Figure 4C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DMRS for channel estimation at the base station (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DMRS configurations are possible). The UE can transmit DMRS for PUCCH and DMRS for PUSCH. PUSCH DMRS can be transmitted, for example, in the first or second symbol before the PUSCH. PUCCH DMRS can be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is being transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used. UE104 can transmit a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). SRS can be transmitted, for example, in the last symbol of a subframe. SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit SRS on one of the comb teeth. SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0091] Figure 4D Examples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH can be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and HARQ ACK / NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0092] Example low-power UE with energy harvesting Generally speaking, environmental IoT devices can be categorized into several subclasses, including active IoT devices, semi-passive IoT devices, and passive IoT devices. Environmental IoT devices are typically able to operate based on energy harvested from the surrounding environment, such as received radio frequency (RF) energy, solar energy, vibration energy, etc.

[0093] Active IoT devices are typically capable of harvesting ambient energy as well as using energy stored on the device, such as energy stored in batteries or capacitors. Active IoT devices generally include both active radio equipment (e.g., active radio) and passive radio equipment (e.g., backscatter radio). Backscatter radio uses existing radio frequency signals to transmit data by modifying and reflecting the received signal with encoded data. Therefore, the capabilities of active IoT devices may be similar to other types of UEs, but with the added benefit of energy harvesting.

[0094] Semi-active IoT devices typically harvest ambient energy and utilize energy stored on the device, and generally include both active and passive radio equipment (such as backscatter radios). In some cases, semi-active IoT devices may be able to perform synchronous (e.g., process synchronization) and asynchronous communication. In some cases, semi-active IoT devices may omit power amplifiers and / or low-noise amplifiers. Furthermore, semi-active IoT devices often use simplified protocol stacks (e.g., compared to active IoT devices). These aspects of semi-active IoT devices generally help to balance power consumption, functionality, and cost. So-called "ultra-lightweight IoT" devices are a type of semi-active IoT device.

[0095] Passive IoT devices are typically able to operate based on energy harvested from the environment using passive radio equipment (e.g., backscatter radio). Passive IoT UEs are typically capable of asynchronous communication and may not have power amplifiers or low-noise amplifiers. Passive IoT UEs typically use simplified protocol stacks (e.g., compared to active IoT).

[0096] Figure 5 An example component 500 with energy harvesting capability is depicted. Various example components 500 can be incorporated into environmental IoT devices.

[0097] In this example, components 512 through 518 are aspects of the data transmission pipeline. Specifically, antenna 512 and RF transceiver 514 (e.g., a low-power RF transceiver) can transmit and / or receive data. Microcontroller 516 (e.g., a low-power microcontroller) can process the data received from application 518.

[0098] Furthermore, in this example, components 522 to 528 are aspects of an RF energy harvesting pipeline. Specifically, antenna 522 and RF energy harvester 524 are configured to harvest RF energy. In some aspects, RF energy harvester 524 includes impedance matching circuitry 532, voltage multiplier 534, and capacitor 536 to harvest RF signals and convert them into electricity. In some aspects, power management module 526 determines whether to store the electricity obtained from RF energy harvester 524 or to use that electricity immediately for information transmission. In this example, energy storage device 528 (e.g., a battery or capacitor) is configured to store the energy converted by RF energy harvester 524.

[0099] As described above, in various aspects, environmental IoT UEs can include information about Figure 5 The components described and illustrated. In some respects, passive IoT UEs may omit information about... Figure 5Certain aspects depicted and described, such as energy storage device 528. Furthermore, while multiple antennas (512 and 522) are depicted in this example, in other examples, a single antenna and antenna switching assembly may be used to share an antenna between transceiver 514 and RF energy harvester 524, such as regarding... Figure 6 Further description.

[0100] Figure 6 Aspects 610, 620 and 630 related to different RF energy harvesting and RF communication architectures for devices with energy harvesting capabilities, such as environmental IoT UEs, are described.

[0101] Specifically, aspect 610 depicts an antenna 612 connected to a time switcher 614. In some aspects, the time switcher 614 is configured to allow a UE with energy harvesting capabilities to switch between (1) connection to an information receiver 616 and (2) connection to an RF energy harvester 618. For example, the device can exchange wireless communication and RF energy at different (e.g., non-overlapping) times.

[0102] Aspect 620 depicts an antenna 622 connected to a power divider 624. In some aspects, the power divider 624 is configured to allow a device with energy harvesting capabilities to distribute power between (1) an information receiver 626 and (2) an RF energy harvester 628. Thus, in this example, the device can exchange wireless communication and RF energy at overlapping times. For example, the received RF signal can be split into two streams, one for the information receiver 626 and the other for the RF energy harvester 628.

[0103] Aspect 630 depicts an example discrete receiver architecture. Specifically, a first set of antennas 632 is connected to an RF energy harvester 638, and a second set of antennas 634 is connected to an information receiver 636. (As described above...) Figure 5 The discrete receiver architecture is described.

[0104] RF energy can be collected from a variety of signal types. For example, RF energy can be collected via one or more of deterministic signals (e.g., pilot signals), random signals (such as cyclic symmetric complex Gaussian random signals), and / or improper complex Gaussian random signals (e.g., signals in which the real and imaginary components have different variances).

[0105] In some respects, IoT devices can communicate via OOK modulation to facilitate receiver chains that can operate at low power and / or from harvested power, as described herein with respect to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As described.

[0106] Various aspects related to multi-carrier OOK communication This disclosure provides techniques for communication using multi-carrier OOK signals. The receiving device may use a two-stage rectifier architecture, such as that described herein relative to... Figure 7 As described herein, the first-stage rectification tracks the envelope of the multicarrier OOK signal, and the second-stage rectification enhances the amplitude-modulated signal and improves the performance of the receiving device. The multicarrier OOK signal spreads the signal energy across multiple carriers to facilitate frequency diversity. This frequency diversity enables the mitigation of interference and / or selective frequency fading. As an example, if the signal on a carrier is fading due to selective frequency fading and / or attenuated due to interference, the multicarrier OOK signal has additional carriers that can be used for demodulation. The receiver architecture described herein allows the receiving device to process the signal at one or more incremental frequencies without knowing the carrier frequency. This provides the transmitter with some flexibility in selecting the carrier frequency of the multicarrier OOK signal, for example, to avoid and / or mitigate interference or selective frequency fading.

[0107] Example receiver model for multicarrier OOK signals Generally speaking, the signal model of the OOK waveform over time can be given by the following expression: (1) in The carrier frequency (e.g., the center frequency of the carrier). The amplitude-modulated signal associated with OOK is used to encode the information payload on the carrier signal (e.g., ,in =0 or 2), and The average power of the signal (which can be assumed to be the received power, for example, The average power of the amplitude-modulated signal is 2. Applicable... Additional pulse shaping / filtering is applied to improve the spectrum.

[0108] The output of the rectifier is given by the following expression: (2) in x The input signal (e.g., OOK waveform).

[0109] Using the first term in the Taylor series expansion of the rectifier, the rectifier output can be approximated by the following expression: (3) Multicarrier OOK signals allow the transmission of energy across carriers carrying the same OOK signal. K A carrier spread, for example, can be represented by the following expression: (4) The power is normalized so that each carrier has 1 / K of the total power.

[0110] For approximation The rectified signal of the multi-carrier OOK signal passing through the rectifier can be given by the following expression: (5) when and In such cases, filtering as further described in this article can be used to remove... Item. Assuming the distance between adjacent carrier frequencies is equal in a multi-carrier OOK signal, the product... This can be expressed as follows: (6) because This is a high-frequency component, therefore it can be removed using filtering as further described herein. Note that filtering can also be used to remove similar high-frequency components when the carrier frequencies are not equally spaced. Therefore, the product... It can be approximated as an incremental frequency component. The rectified signal with a specific incremental frequency component can be simplified to the following expression: (7) As further described herein, the incremental frequency component can be removed by further filtering. Therefore, the amplitude-modulated signal can be recovered from the incremental frequency component using the receiver architecture further described herein: (8) because This represents an amplitude-modulated signal; therefore, the receiver architecture described herein can recover the information payload as indicated by the amplitude-modulated signal. Such a recovered signal can be matched to the output of a single-carrier OOK rectifier in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Assuming... for If the probabilities are equal, then the average energy may be equal to 2.

[0111] Example receiver architecture for multi-carrier OOK signal demodulation For demodulation, the receiving device can use any increment frequency associated with the multicarrier OOK signal, such as the lowest increment frequency (e.g., ...). = - ), higher increment frequency (e.g., = - ) or multiple incremental frequencies (e.g., = - (where i = 1, 2, ...). In some cases, the lowest increment frequency may have a larger signal strength (e.g., RSRP) compared to a higher increment frequency, while a higher increment frequency may have a larger signal quality (e.g., SINR) compared to the lowest increment frequency.

[0112] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example receiver architecture 700 for demodulating multi-carrier OOK signals. In some cases, receiver architecture 700 may be referred to as a two-stage rectifier architecture. Receiver architecture 700 can be used in transceivers (such as...) Figure 3 The receiver architecture 700 is implemented in the transceiver 354. In some respects, the receiver architecture 700 can be implemented in a passive or semi-passive IoT device. The receiver architecture 700 can be low-complexity and low-cost for IoT applications. Because the two-stage rectifier architecture utilizes frequency diversity to enhance the modulated signal, the receiver architecture 700 can achieve enhanced reception performance, as further described herein.

[0113] The receiver architecture 700 may include one or more antennas 702, a first rectifier 704, one or more first filters 706A-706N (collectively referred to as first filters 706), a second rectifier 708, a second filter 710, one or more processors 712 (collectively referred to as processors 712), and one or more memories 714 (collectively referred to as memories 714).

[0114] Multicarrier OOK signals received via antenna 702 (e.g., x ( t The signal can be rectified by a first rectifier 704, which outputs a rectified signal (e.g., r ( t The first rectifier 704 may be or may include a full-wave rectifier that converts the waveform of the received signal to a specific polarity (e.g., ±1). The rectified signal... r ( t It can have multiple incremental frequency components depending on the number of carriers used to form a multi-carrier OOK signal. r i ( t ), . . ., r j ( tFor example, as described herein with respect to expression (7). The input 720 of the first rectifier 704 is coupled to the antenna 702, and the output 722 of the first rectifier 704 is coupled to the input 724 of the first filter 706.

[0115] Any or all of the first filters in the first filter 706 may be or may include one or more bandpass filters. As a representative example of any of the first filters in the first filter 706, the first filter 706a may have a tunable center frequency and / or passband that allows one or more incremental frequency components to pass through. In some cases, the first filter 706 may include multiple bandpass filters with different center frequencies and / or passbands. The first filter 706a may suppress noise and interference, including some incremental frequency components (e.g., r 0 (t) (Component) and / or other frequency division multiplexing (FDM) interference outside the passband. The incremental frequency component allowed to pass through the first filter 706a can be selected to mitigate certain signal propagation effects, such as interference, noise, fading, and / or scattering. In some aspects, the processor 712 can select the incremental frequency component and the corresponding tuning for the first filter 706a. For example, the processor 712 can select the incremental frequency component with the highest signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)) and / or quality (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio). Each bandpass filter may have a different passband that allows at least one incremental frequency to pass through the respective bandpass filter. In other words, at least one incremental frequency may be within the passband of the first filter 706a. In some cases, the bandpass filter may have a center frequency matched to one or more incremental frequencies. In some cases, the processor 712 can control the tuning associated with the first filter 706a. For example, processor 712 can adjust or tune the first filter 706a to have a passband that allows at least one of the incremental frequencies to pass through the first filter 706a. Since the incremental frequency components are actually low-frequency baseband signals, the first rectifier 704 and the first filter 706 recover the baseband signal without active RF components such as frequency synthesizers, mixers, and frequency synchros, thereby allowing for low-complexity and low-cost receiver architectures, especially for passive or semi-passive IoT devices.

[0116] The second rectifier 708 may be or may include a full-wave rectifier. The output 726 of the first filter 706 is coupled to the input 728 of the second rectifier 708, and the output 730 of the second rectifier 708 is coupled to the input 732 of the second filter 710. The second rectifier 708 can be used to rectify the incremental frequency component to perform a subsequent stage of envelope tracking on the incremental frequency component and output a second rectified signal.g ( t Generally speaking, the second-stage rectification can enhance the amplitude-modulated signal and improve the performance of the receiver architecture. For example, the second-stage rectification can combine any incremental frequency components that are allowed to pass through the first filter 706 and output an amplitude-modulated signal (e.g., The peak value of the amplitude-modulated signal is effectively modulated on the incremental frequency component, as described herein with respect to expression (7). In some cases, the incremental frequency component allowed to pass through the first filter 706 may be selected to avoid or mitigate interference, selective frequency fading, and / or noise.

[0117] The second filter 710 may be or may include a low-pass filter that recovers the amplitude-modulated signal (e.g., And suppresses any incremental frequency components in the incremental frequency components. That is, the second filter 710 is configured to output a decoded signal representing the payload of the multicarrier OOK signal. In this example, the decoded signal may include an amplitude-modulated signal. The output 730 of the second rectifier 708 is coupled to the input 732 of the second filter, and the output 734 of the second filter 708 is coupled to the processor 712. In some aspects, the low-pass filter can perform DC component suppression. Since the amplitude-modulated signal is actually a digital signal, the second filter 710 can output a filtered signal to the processor 712 without any analog-to-digital conversion, thereby allowing for receiver architectures with reduced complexity, reduced cost, reduced power consumption, and / or reduced footprint, especially for passive or semi-passive IoT devices. In some cases, the processor 712 can control the tuning associated with the second filter 710. For example, the processor 712 can adjust or tune the second filter 710 to have a passband that allows the modulated signal to pass through the second filter 710.

[0118] Processor 712 can recover the information payload represented by an amplitude-modulated signal and carried via a multi-carrier OOK signal. For example, the amplitude-modulated signal can be effectively a digital signal representing the information payload as a sequence of amplitudes (e.g., a binary signal with two amplitudes), where each amplitude can correspond to a specific value (e.g., one or more combinations of bit values). In some cases, processor 712 can control the operation of the two-stage rectifier, for example, by selecting one or more increment frequencies for decoding the multi-carrier OOK signal and tuning filters 706, 710 as described herein. In some cases, the information payload can be or may include certain instructions or controls for a passive or semi-passive IoT device. In some cases, the information payload can be or may include specific identification information stored in memory 714 by the IoT device. In some cases, the information payload can be or may include a request for the IoT device to respond using certain identification information.

[0119] The memory 714 may store data (e.g., decoded information payload) and / or program code (e.g., computer-readable instructions) for performing any of the operations described herein.

[0120] Example set of incremental frequencies Figure 8A and Figure 8B The spectral densities 800A and 800B of the example multicarrier OOK signal and its corresponding incremental frequency components are depicted, respectively. As described herein, multicarrier OOK signals can provide frequency diversity for low-complexity, low-cost wireless communication devices (e.g., environmental IoT) and enhance the reception performance of such devices.

[0121] refer to Figure 8A A multi-carrier OOK signal may include multiple carrier frequencies modulated using the same OOK signal. ω 0 - ω 3 Carrier frequencies 802a-802d (collectively referred to as carrier frequencies 802) may be arranged in frequency band 804, and carrier frequencies 802 may be arranged to have equal spacing (e.g., the same gap) or different spacing between adjacent carrier frequencies (e.g., 802a and 802b). Adjacent carrier frequencies (e.g., 802a and 802b) may refer to carrier frequencies that are consecutive to each other in a sequence of carrier frequencies arranged in ascending order in frequency (e.g., {802a, 802b, 802c, 802d}). Adjacent carrier frequencies may refer to carrier frequencies that are adjacent to another carrier frequency in a sequence of carrier frequencies arranged in ascending order in frequency. In this example, carrier frequencies 802 are arranged in frequency band 804, wherein there are different frequency spacings between adjacent carrier frequencies. The frequency spacing between adjacent carriers may be selected to form different incremental frequencies 806a-806e (collectively referred to as incremental frequencies 806), and therefore the frequency spacing referred to herein with respect to... Figure 7 The described receiver architecture provides frequency diversity for OOK signal demodulation.

[0122] In some respects, the increment frequency set 806 may depend on the frequency band 804. For example, the configuration may define the association between the increment frequency set 806 and the frequency band 804. In such a case, the indication of the multicarrier OOK signal in the frequency band 804 may implicitly indicate that the increment frequency set 806 is a candidate for demodulation (e.g., allowing passage through the first filter 706).

[0123] Carrier frequency 802 may include a first carrier frequency 802a and a second carrier frequency 802b adjacent to the first carrier frequency. In some cases, an increment frequency 806a defining the difference between the first carrier frequency 802a and the second carrier frequency 802b may be used for demodulation. For example, a first filter 706 may allow the increment frequency 806a to pass through the passband. The second carrier frequency 802b may be arranged between the first carrier frequency 802a and a third carrier frequency 802c. In some cases, an increment frequency 806d defining the difference between the first carrier frequency 802a and the third carrier frequency 802c may be used for demodulation. For example, a first filter 706 may allow the increment frequency 806d to pass through the passband.

[0124] Compared to Figure 8A and Figure 8B The incremental frequencies 806a-806e can define the difference between the two center frequencies of a carrier frequency among multiple carrier frequencies 802. It should be noted that... Figure 8A and Figure 8B Only a subset of the increment frequencies is described. Various carrier frequency pairs forming the increment frequencies can exist among multiple carrier frequencies 802. For example, the first increment frequency Δ ω 0,1 806a is the difference between the first carrier frequency 802a and the second carrier frequency 802b; the second increment frequency Δ ω 1,2 802b is the difference between the second carrier frequency 802b and the third carrier frequency 802c; and for the remaining incremental frequencies formed by carrier frequency pairs among the multiple carrier frequencies 802, the same applies. Since this paper is relative to... Figure 7 The described receiver architecture recovers one or more increment frequencies in increment frequencies 806, so the receiving device can process one or more increment frequencies 806 without knowing the actual carrier frequency 802. The transmitting device can select the carrier frequency 802 to form increment frequencies 806 that mitigate signal propagation effects (e.g., interference, noise, fading, scattering, etc.).

[0125] Compared to Figure 8B The incremental frequencies 806a, 806b, and 806c can be allowed to pass through Figure 7 Examples of one or more increment frequencies of the first filter 706. For example, at least one of the increment frequencies 806a, 806b, and 806c may be in the passband of the first filter 706. The increment frequency used for demodulation may be selected based on the channel conditions of the communication channel, such as interference, noise, attenuation, scattering, etc. For example, since the first increment frequency 806a is outside the interference bandwidth of the communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver, the first increment frequency 806a may be selected for demodulation (e.g., allowing passage through the first filter 706).

[0126] Figure 9A and Figure 9B Example spectral densities 900A and 900B of the incremental frequency components associated with multicarrier OOK signals under different channel conditions are depicted. (Relative to...) Figure 9A The transmitter can output a multi-carrier OOK signal, which generates increment frequencies 902a-902d (collectively referred to as increment frequencies 902). In this example, the third increment frequency 902c may be attenuated due to signal propagation effects such as interference, noise, fading, scattering, etc. In some cases, the transmitter can signal to the receiver to use any of the other increment frequencies 902a, 902b, 902d to demodulate the multi-carrier OOK signal. In some cases, the receiver can detect that at least one of the other increment frequencies 902a, 902b, 902d provides better signal quality and / or strength for demodulation compared to the third increment frequency 902c. As an example, the receiver can tune the first filter 706 to allow at least one of the other increment frequencies 902a, 902b, 902d to pass through the passband and continue through subsequent demodulation stages (e.g., the second rectifier 708 and the second filter 710). For example, processor 712 can control the tuning of first filter 706 to allow at least one of other increment frequencies 902a, 902b, 902d to pass through the passband.

[0127] Compared to Figure 9B Compared to other increment frequencies 904a, 904b, and 904c, the third increment frequency 904c exhibits the best signal quality and / or strength. In this example, the receiver can tune the first filter 706 to allow the third increment frequency 904c to pass through the passband and continue through subsequent demodulation stages (e.g., the second rectifier 708 and the second filter 710). For example, the processor 712 can control the tuning of the first filter 706 to allow the third increment frequency 904c to pass through the passband. Therefore, Figure 9A and Figure 9B This indicates that the multicarrier OOK signal provides frequency diversity when selecting the incremental frequency component for demodulation.

[0128] In some respects, a set of incremental frequencies for demodulation can be pre-configured at the receiver and / or transmitter. The transmitter can select one or more incremental frequencies from the pre-configured set, and the receiver can be configured to process multi-carrier OOK signals at the selected set of incremental frequencies. In some cases, the transmitter can select carrier frequencies to form one or more incremental frequencies and avoid and / or mitigate certain signal propagation effects, such as interference, noise, fading, scattering, etc.

[0129] In some respects, the transmitter may select one or more increment frequencies for demodulation at the receiver in a closed-loop manner. For example, the receiver may send a request to the transmitter for one or more increment frequencies for demodulation of a multicarrier OOK signal. In some cases, the receiver may inform the transmitter of one or more increment frequencies that the receiver can handle. In certain situations, the receiver may assess the channel conditions and inform the transmitter of the preferred increment frequencies for demodulation.

[0130] In some respects, the transmitter may select one or more increment frequencies for demodulation at the receiver in an open-loop manner. For example, the transmitter may select one or more increment frequencies for demodulation without feedback from the receiver. The transmitter may assess the channel conditions and determine one or more increment frequencies to be used for demodulation at the receiver. In some cases, the transmitter may inform the receiver of at least one of the increment frequencies to be used for demodulation. In some cases, the receiver may be able to detect one or more increment frequencies, for example, via filter tuning at the first filter 706.

[0131] In some respects, the selection of the increment frequency for demodulation can be performed at the receiver and / or transmitter. In some cases, the receiver may select the increment frequency for demodulation, for example, based on an assessment of the channel conditions at the receiver. In some cases, the receiver may obtain guidance from the transmitter regarding the selection of the increment frequency. For example, the receiver may obtain an indication from the transmitter of interference or carrier frequency to the OOK signal. The receiver may obtain an indication of the channel conditions of the communication channel between the transmitter and receiver, for example, based on the bandwidth and / or PSD of the interference observed at the transmitter.

[0132] In some respects, the receiver may use any of a variety of techniques to determine the increment frequency. In some cases, the receiver may obtain signaling indicating the increment frequency, for example, via system information. In some cases, the increment frequency may depend on the frequency band (or any other suitable aspect) used for communication between the transmitter and receiver. In some cases, the increment frequency may be dynamically indicated, for example, via downlink control information. In some cases, the receiver may perform blind detection to determine the increment frequency. For example, the receiver may adjust the tuning of the first filter 706 to sweep candidate increment frequencies, thereby detecting any increment frequency in the received signal.

[0133] Example operations of entities in a communication network Figure 10 A process flow 1000 for communication between network entity 1002 and user equipment (UE) 1004 in a network is described. In some aspects, network entity 1002 can be relative to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 The BS 102 depicted and described, or relative to Figure 2 Examples of decomposed base stations depicted and described. Similarly, UE 1004 can be relative to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 Examples of UE 1004 depicted and described. However, in some aspects, UE 1004 may be another type of wireless communication device, and network entity 1002 may be another type of network entity, network node, and / or another UE. For example, network entity 1002 may be a wireless communication device communicating with IoT devices, such as IoT identification tag readers or sensor controllers, and UE 1004 may be an environmental IoT device, such as IoT identification tags and / or IoT sensors. In some aspects, multi-carrier OOK signals may be used for other communications or other types of devices besides IoT communication and / or IoT devices.

[0134] At 1006, UE 1004 may transmit capability information to network entity 1002 indicating its ability to demodulate multi-carrier OOK signals. In some cases, the capability information may indicate the increment frequency at which UE 1004 can demodulate multi-carrier OOK signals. In other cases, the capability information may indicate the increment frequency at which UE 1004 can demodulate, for example, as a frequency range of increment frequencies, or as one or more passbands associated with filtering at the first filter 706. The capability information may indicate whether UE 1004 is able to monitor channel conditions at the carrier frequency and / or increment frequency.

[0135] At 1008, UE 1004 and / or network entity 1002 can monitor channel conditions associated with one or more incremental frequencies. UE 1004 and / or network entity 1002 can monitor channel conditions at the carrier frequency and / or incremental frequency of a multi-carrier OOK signal. For example, UE 1004 and / or network entity 1002 can observe channel conditions associated with, as described herein with respect to, the carrier frequency and / or incremental frequency of the multi-carrier OOK signal. Figure 9A and 9B The channel conditions associated with the described increment frequency. UE 1004 and / or network entity 1002 may select the increment frequency for demodulation based on the monitored channel conditions. For example, UE 1004 and / or network entity 1002 may select the increment frequency that exhibits the maximum signal quality and / or signal strength. In some cases, network entity 1002 may select the carrier frequency that forms the increment frequency based on the monitored channel conditions. For example, network entity 1002 may select a carrier frequency and / or increment frequency that avoids and / or mitigates interference (or other signal propagation effects).

[0136] At 1010, UE 1004 may transmit a request for one or more increment frequencies. This request may represent a preferred set of increment frequencies for demodulation at UE 1004. In some cases, the preferred set of increment frequencies may be determined based on monitored channel conditions. For example, UE 1004 may select a preferred set of increment frequencies based on a preferred set of interference-avoiding increment frequencies determined according to monitored channel conditions.

[0137] At 1012, UE 1004 can receive configuration for a multi-carrier OOK signal. In some aspects, the configuration for the multi-carrier OOK signal can be received via RRC signaling, MAC signaling, DCI, sidelink control information (SCI), and / or system information. In some cases, the configuration can be or may include resource allocation for the multi-carrier OOK signal. In some cases, the configuration can indicate candidate increment frequencies that may be formed by the multi-carrier OOK signal. The candidate increment frequencies can allow UE 1004 to perform blind detection of increment frequencies. For example, UE 1004 can sweep candidate increment frequencies to detect which frequency is being used to carry amplitude-modulated signals. The configuration can indicate the frequency spacing (or frequency gap) between the carrier frequencies of the multi-carrier OOK signal, and this frequency spacing can implicitly indicate the increment frequency that can be used for demodulation at UE 1004. In some aspects, the configuration can implicitly indicate the increment frequency to be used for demodulation. For example, the increment frequency may depend on the frequency band on which the multi-carrier OOK signal is transmitted, and the configuration can indicate such a frequency band. In other words, UE 1004 can be configured using frequency band incremental frequency mapping, and this configuration can indicate that multicarrier OOK signals will be transmitted in frequency bands associated with specific incremental frequencies as identified in the mapping.

[0138] At location 1014, UE 1004 receives a multi-carrier OOK signal from network entity 1002. As an example, the multi-carrier OOK signal may have a carrier frequency and be formed as described herein relative to... Figure 8A and Figure 8B The described incremental frequency. The same OOK signal can be modulated on different carrier frequencies to facilitate frequency diversity.

[0139] At 1016, UE 1004 uses one or more incremental frequencies to recover the information payload carried in the multicarrier OOK signal. For example, the information payload may include control information, application data, etc. In some aspects, UE 1004 may have, as described herein with respect to... Figure 7The receiver architecture described herein allows UE 1004 to decode received signals using receiver architecture 700. Decoding the signal represents information as an amplitude sequence over time (e.g., as a binary signal). To recover the information, UE 1004 can convert the amplitude sequence back into information. This receiver architecture allows UE 1004 to decode received signals with reduced power consumption and reduced complexity. In some cases, the low power consumption of the receiver architecture allows UE 1004 to become an environmental IoT device that harvests energy from its surroundings. Therefore, the receiver architecture achieves the beneficial effects described herein, such as low power consumption, low complexity, increased data rates, reduced latency, and increased reliability.

[0140] At point 1018, UE 1004 can communicate with network entity 1002. For example, as an IoT device, UE 1004 can periodically transmit IoT information (such as sensor measurements and / or identification information) to network entity 1002. In some cases, network entity 1002 can request IoT information from UE 1004, and UE 1004 can respond using the IoT information. Communication between UE 1004 and / or network entity 1002 can use multi-carrier OOK signals and / or the receiver architecture described herein.

[0141] It should be noted that Figure 10 This is merely one example of a flowchart, and other flowcharts that include fewer, additional, or alternative operations may also be consistent with this disclosure. Operations depicted using dashed lines may be optional.

[0142] Example Operation Figure 11 It shows a device (such as) Figure 1 and Figure 3 The method 1100 for wireless communication of the UE 104. In some aspects, the device may include an IoT device, such as those described herein with respect to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The described environment IoT devices.

[0143] Method 1100 begins at block 1105, wherein a signal comprising multiple carrier frequencies modulated using on / off keying (OOK) is received. In some respects, the same OOK signal is modulated on the carrier frequencies, for example as described herein with respect to expression (4). The signal may have multiple carrier frequency components and incremental frequency components, for example as described herein with respect to... Figure 8A As described.

[0144] Method 1100 then proceeds to block 1110, wherein the signal is decoded at least in part based on the association of the incremental frequency with a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency among a plurality of carrier frequencies. For example, this can be achieved using the method described herein relative to... Figure 7 A two-stage rectifier architecture is described to decode the signal. One or more processors can control the signal processing flow associated with the two-stage rectifier architecture. For example, the processor can adjust the tuning applied at the filtering stage to select the incremental frequency component used to decode the signal. Such a receiver architecture enables low-power, low-complexity receivers for environmental IoT communications.

[0145] Then, method 1100 proceeds to block 1115, where data is recovered from the decoded signal. For example, the recovered data may carry control information and / or application data. In some cases, the recovered data may be stored in memory.

[0146] In some respects, the incremental frequency defines the difference between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency, for example, as described in this paper relative to... Figure 8A As described.

[0147] In some aspects, the device includes: a first rectifier (e.g., first rectifier 704) having an input and an output; a first filter (e.g., first filter 706) having an input coupled to the output of the first rectifier and having an output; a second rectifier (e.g., second rectifier 708) having an input coupled to the output of the first filter and having an output; and a second filter (e.g., second filter 710) having an input coupled to the output of the second rectifier.

[0148] In some respects, a first rectifier is configured to rectify a signal and output a first rectified signal; a first filter is configured to filter the first rectified signal in one or more passbands and output a first filtered signal, wherein the increment frequency is in at least one of the one or more passbands; a second rectifier is configured to rectify the first filtered signal and output a second rectified signal; and the second filter is configured to filter the second rectified signal and output a modulation amplitude signal as a decoded signal.

[0149] In some respects, the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency. For example, the first carrier frequency could be carrier frequency 802c, and the second carrier frequency could be carrier frequency 802d. In such cases, the increment frequency may be relatively low and reside outside the interference bandwidth of the communication channel. The increment frequency can be selected to mitigate signal propagation effects (e.g., interference, noise, fading, scattering, etc.).

[0150] In some respects, the first carrier frequency corresponds to the lowest of a plurality of carrier frequencies (e.g., the first carrier frequency 802a), and the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency. For example, the second carrier frequency is carrier frequency 802b.

[0151] In some aspects, the multiple carrier frequencies include a third carrier frequency arranged between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency. For example, the first carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802b, and the second carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802d. As another example, the first carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802a, and the second carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802d. In such cases, incremental frequencies can be selected to mitigate signal propagation effects (e.g., interference, noise, fading, scattering, etc.).

[0152] In some respects, block 1110 includes decoding a signal based at least in part on a plurality of incremental frequencies (including the incremental frequencies) associated with a plurality of carrier frequencies. For example, a tunable first filter 706a is used to allow the plurality of incremental frequencies to pass through the passband.

[0153] In some respects, method 1100 also includes monitoring interference (and / or other signal propagation effects) associated with the signal, wherein block 1110 includes decoding the signal at least in part based on the monitored interference, such as as described herein with respect to... Figure 10 As described.

[0154] In some respects, method 1100 also includes receiving an indication of at least one of a plurality of increment frequencies to be used for decoding, such as as described herein with respect to... Figure 10 As described.

[0155] In some aspects, method 1100 further includes transmitting an indication of one or more increment frequencies that the device can use to decode signals, wherein the one or more increment frequencies include the increment frequency. For example, the device may transmit the indication as capability information for decoding multicarrier OOK signals.

[0156] In some aspects, method 1100 further includes receiving an indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among a plurality of carrier frequencies. In some aspects, receiving an indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among a plurality of carrier frequencies includes receiving the indication via at least one of RRC signaling, MAC signaling, DCI, SCI, or system information.

[0157] In some respects, one or more frequency intervals arranged among the multiple carrier frequencies are defined based on a frequency band comprising multiple carrier frequencies. In some cases, the device may be configured using a mapping of incremental frequency sets to frequency bands. For example, a first set of incremental frequencies may be mapped to a first frequency band, and a second set of incremental frequencies may be mapped to a second frequency band.

[0158] In some respects, block 1110 includes decoding the signal based at least in part on blind detection of the increment frequencies. For example, the device may sweep candidate increment frequencies to identify a set of increment frequencies for demodulation.

[0159] In some aspects, method 1100 also includes receiving indications of a plurality of carrier frequencies associated with the signal, wherein block 1110 includes decoding the signal based on the indications of the plurality of carrier frequencies. For example, the apparatus may determine a set of incremental frequencies associated with the carrier frequencies, such as those described herein with respect to… Figure 8A As described, the device can, for example, tune the first filter 706 to allow at least one of the increment frequencies to be demodulated using the set of increment frequencies via a passband.

[0160] In some respects, method 1100 or any aspect thereof may be made by means of a device (such as...) Figure 13 The communication device 1300 performs the method, which includes various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method 1100. The communication device 1300 is described in more detail below.

[0161] It should be noted that Figure 11 This is merely one example of a method, and other methods that include fewer, additional, or alternative operations may also be consistent with this disclosure.

[0162] Figure 12 It shows a device (such as) Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS 102 or relative to Figure 2 The method 1200 for wireless communication using a decomposed base station (discussed in this context) may include, in some aspects, a UE, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104. As an example, the device may include an IoT tag reader.

[0163] Method 1200 begins at block 1205, wherein an indication of one or more incremental frequencies for decoding a multicarrier signal modulated using on / off keying is obtained, the one or more incremental frequencies including incremental frequencies. For example, the apparatus may utilize one or more incremental frequencies for pre-configuration. In some cases, the network entity may obtain the indication of one or more incremental frequencies from the UE, for example as a request to use one or more incremental frequencies and / or as capability information.

[0164] Method 1200 then proceeds to block 1210, wherein a signal comprising multiple carrier frequencies modulated using on / off keying is transmitted, wherein the multiple carrier frequencies include a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency, wherein an incremental frequency is associated with the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency, and wherein the signal comprises data.

[0165] In some respects, incremental frequency defines the difference between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

[0166] In some respects, the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency. For example, the first carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802c, and the second carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802d.

[0167] In some respects, the first carrier frequency corresponds to the lowest of a plurality of carrier frequencies (e.g., the first carrier frequency 802a), and the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency. For example, the second carrier frequency is carrier frequency 802b.

[0168] In some aspects, the multiple carrier frequencies include a third carrier frequency arranged between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency. For example, the first carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802b, and the second carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802d. As another example, the first carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802a, and the second carrier frequency may be carrier frequency 802d.

[0169] In some respects, method 1200 also includes monitoring interference (and / or other signal propagation effects) associated with the signal, such as those described herein relative to... Figure 10 As described.

[0170] In some aspects, method 1200 also includes selecting a plurality of carrier frequencies to form one or more increment frequencies. In some cases, the device may select the plurality of carrier frequencies based on monitored interference, for example, as described herein with respect to... Figure 10 As described.

[0171] In some respects, method 1200 also includes transmitting an indication of one or more incremental frequencies for decoding.

[0172] In some aspects, method 1200 also includes obtaining an indication of one or more increment frequencies that another means can use to decode a signal, wherein the one or more increment frequencies include the increment frequency.

[0173] In some aspects, method 1200 further includes transmitting an indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among a plurality of carrier frequencies. In some aspects, transmitting the indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among a plurality of carrier frequencies includes transmitting the indication via at least one of RRC signaling, MAC signaling, DCI, SCI, or system information.

[0174] In some respects, one or more frequency intervals arranged among the multiple carrier frequencies are defined based on a frequency band comprising multiple carrier frequencies. In some cases, the device may be configured using a mapping of incremental frequency sets to frequency bands. For example, a first set of incremental frequencies may be mapped to a first frequency band, and a second set of incremental frequencies may be mapped to a second frequency band.

[0175] In some respects, method 1200 also includes transmitting indications of multiple carrier frequencies associated with the signal.

[0176] In some respects, method 1200 or any aspect thereof may be made possible by means of a device (such as...) Figure 14 The communication device 1400 performs the method, which includes various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method 1200. The communication device 1400 is described in more detail below.

[0177] It should be noted that Figure 12 This is merely one example of a method, and other methods that include fewer, additional, or alternative operations may also be consistent with this disclosure.

[0178] Example communication device Figure 13 Various aspects of the example communication device 1300 are described. In some aspects, the communication device 1300 is user equipment, such as those described above relative to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 The UE 104 described.

[0179] Communication device 1300 includes a processing system 1305 coupled to a transceiver 1375 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver). Transceiver 1375 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 1300 via antenna 1380, such as various signals as described herein. Processing system 1305 may be configured to perform processing functions of communication device 1300, including processing signals received by and / or to be transmitted by communication device 1300.

[0180] Processing system 1305 includes one or more processors 1310. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1310 can be represented as... Figure 3The described receiver processor 358, transmitter processor 364, TX MIMO processor 366, and / or controller / processor 380 are one or more of these. One or more processors 1310 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1340 via a bus 1370. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1340 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 1310, enable one or more processors 1310 to execute and cause the one or more processors to perform actions related to... Figure 11 The described method 1100 or any aspect thereof, including regarding Figure 11 Any additional operations described. Note that references to processors performing the functions of communication device 1300 may include one or more processors, such as performing the functions of communication device 1300 in a distributed manner.

[0181] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1340 stores code 1345 for receiving, code 1350 for decoding, code 1355 for recovery, code 1360 for monitoring, and code 1365 for transmission. Processing of codes 1345-1365 enables communication device 1300 to perform and allows the communication device to perform relative to Figure 11 The method 1100 described or any aspect thereof.

[0182] One or more processors 1310 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1340, including circuitry 1315 for receiving, circuitry 1320 for decoding, circuitry 1325 for recovery, circuitry 1330 for monitoring, and circuitry 1335 for transmission. Processing using circuitry 1315-1335 enables communication device 1300 to perform and allow the communication device to perform relative to... Figure 11 The method 1100 described or any aspect thereof.

[0183] More generally, components used for conveying, sending, transmitting, or outputting for transmission may include Figure 3 The UE104 illustrated includes a transceiver 354, an antenna 352, a transmit processor 364, a TX MIMO processor 366, and / or a controller / processor 380. Figure 13 The transceiver 1375 and / or antenna 1380 of the communication device 1300 in the middle Figure 13 One or more processors 1310 of the communication device 1300. Components for transmitting, receiving, or acquiring may include... Figure 7 The illustrated receiver architecture 700, Figure 3The UE 104 illustrated includes a transceiver 354, an antenna 352, a receiver processor 358, and / or a controller / processor 380. Figure 13 The transceiver 1375 and / or antenna 1380 of the communication device 1300 in the middle Figure 13 The communication device 1300 includes one or more processors 1310. Components for decoding, recovery, or monitoring may include... Figure 7 The illustrated receiver architecture 700, Figure 3 The UE104 illustrated includes a transceiver 354, an antenna 352, a receiver processor 358, and / or a controller / processor 380. Figure 13 The transceiver 1375 and / or antenna 1380 of the communication device 1300 in the middle Figure 13 One or more processors 1310 of the communication device 1300 in the middle.

[0184] Figure 14 Various aspects of the example communication device 1400 are described. In some aspects, the communication device 1400 is a network entity, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS 102 or relative to Figure 2 The decomposed base station under discussion.

[0185] Communication device 1400 includes a processing system 1405 coupled to a transceiver 1465 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver) and / or a network interface 1475. Transceiver 1465 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 1400 via antenna 1470, such as various signals as described herein. Network interface 1475 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 1400 via a communication link (such as those described herein, such as relative to...). Figure 2 The described backhaul link, midhaul link, and / or fronthaul link acquire and transmit signals for the communication device 1400. The processing system 1405 can be configured to perform the processing functions of the communication device 1400, including processing signals received by the communication device 1400 and / or to be transmitted by the communication device.

[0186] Processing system 1405 includes one or more processors 1410. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1410 can represent, as per [reference to...] Figure 3 The described receiver processor 338, transmitter processor 320, TX MIMO processor 330, and / or controller / processor 340 are one or more of these. One or more processors 1410 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1435 via a bus 1460. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1435 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 1410, enable one or more processors 1410 to execute and cause the one or more processors to perform actions related to... Figure 12 The described method 1200 or any aspect thereof, including regarding Figure 12 Any additional operations described. Note that references to the processor of the communication device 1400 performing the function may include one or more processors of the communication device 1400, such as those performing the function in a distributed manner.

[0187] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1435 stores code 1440 for acquisition, code 1445 for transmission, code 1450 for monitoring, and code 1455 for selection. Processing of codes 1440-1455 enables communication device 1400 to perform and allows the communication device to perform relative to Figure 12 The method 1200 described or any aspect thereof.

[0188] One or more processors 1410 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in a computer-readable medium / memory 1435, the circuitry including circuitry 1415 for acquisition, circuitry 1420 for transmission, circuitry 1425 for monitoring, and circuitry 1430 for selection. Processing using circuitry 1415-1430 enables communication device 1400 to perform and allow the communication device to perform relative to Figure 12 The method 1200 described or any aspect thereof.

[0189] More generally, components used for conveying, sending, transmitting, or outputting for transmission may include Figure 3 The BS102 illustrated includes a transceiver 332, an antenna 334, a transmit processor 320, a TX MIMO processor 330, and / or a controller / processor 340. Figure 14 The transceiver 1465 and / or antenna 1470 of the communication device 1400 in the middle Figure 14 One or more processors 1410 of the communication device 1400. Components for transmitting, receiving, or acquiring may include... Figure 3 The BS 102 illustrated includes transceiver 332, antenna 334, receiver processor 338, and / or controller / processor 340. Figure 14 The transceiver 1465 and / or antenna 1470 of the communication device 1400 in the middle Figure 14 One or more processors 1410 of the communication device 1400 in the middle.

[0190] Example Terms Clause 1: A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: receiving a signal comprising a plurality of carrier frequencies modulated using on / off keying; decoding the signal at least in part based on an incremental frequency associated with a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency among the plurality of carrier frequencies; and recovering data from the decoded signal.

[0191] Clause 2: The method described in Clause 1, wherein the incremental frequency defines the difference between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

[0192] Clause 3: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 2, wherein the apparatus comprises: a first rectifier having an input and an output; a first filter having an input coupled to the output of the first rectifier and having an output; a second rectifier having an input coupled to the output of the first filter and having an output; and a second filter having an input coupled to the output of the second rectifier.

[0193] Clause 4: The method according to Clause 3, wherein: the first rectifier is configured to rectify the signal and output a first rectified signal; the first filter is configured to filter the first rectified signal in one or more passbands and output a first filtered signal, wherein the increment frequency is in at least one of the one or more passbands; the second rectifier is configured to rectify the first filtered signal and output a second rectified signal; and the second filter is configured to filter the second rectified signal and output a modulation amplitude signal as the decoded signal.

[0194] Clause 5: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 4, wherein the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency.

[0195] Clause 6: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of carrier frequencies includes a third carrier frequency arranged between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

[0196] Clause 7: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 6, wherein decoding the signal includes decoding the signal at least in part based on a plurality of incremental frequencies associated with the plurality of carrier frequencies, the plurality of incremental frequencies including the incremental frequencies.

[0197] Clause 8: The method according to Clause 7 further includes: monitoring interference associated with the signal, wherein decoding the signal includes decoding the signal at least in part based on the monitored interference.

[0198] Clause 9: The method according to Clause 7 further includes receiving an indication of at least one of the plurality of increment frequencies for decoding.

[0199] Clause 10: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 9, the method further comprising: transmitting an indication that the apparatus is capable of being used to decode the signal, wherein the one or more increment frequencies include the increment frequency.

[0200] Clause 11: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 10 further includes receiving an indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies.

[0201] Clause 12: The method according to Clause 11, wherein receiving the indication for one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies includes receiving the indication via at least one of RRC signaling, MAC signaling, DCI, SCI or system information.

[0202] Clause 13: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 12, wherein one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies are defined based on a frequency band including the plurality of carrier frequencies.

[0203] Clause 14: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 13, wherein decoding the signal comprises decoding the signal based at least in part on blind detection of the incremental frequency.

[0204] Clause 15: The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 14, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of the plurality of carrier frequencies associated with the signal, wherein decoding the signal includes decoding the signal based on the indication of the plurality of carrier frequencies.

[0205] Clause 16: A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: obtaining an indication of one or more incremental frequencies for decoding a multi-carrier signal modulated using on-off keying, the one or more incremental frequencies including incremental frequencies; and transmitting a signal including a plurality of carrier frequencies modulated using the on-off keying, wherein the plurality of carrier frequencies include a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency, wherein the incremental frequencies are associated with the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency, and wherein the signal includes data.

[0206] Clause 17: The method according to Clause 16, wherein the incremental frequency defines the difference between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

[0207] Clause 18: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 17, wherein the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency.

[0208] Clause 19: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 17, wherein the plurality of carrier frequencies includes a third carrier frequency arranged between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

[0209] Clause 20: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 19, the method further comprising: monitoring interference associated with the signal; and selecting the plurality of carrier frequencies forming the one or more incremental frequencies.

[0210] Clause 21: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 20, the method further comprising: transmitting the indication of the one or more incremental frequencies for decoding.

[0211] Clause 22: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 21, the method further comprising: obtaining an indication of one or more incremental frequencies that another device can use to decode the signal, wherein the one or more incremental frequencies include the incremental frequencies.

[0212] Clause 23: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 22, the method further comprising: transmitting an indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies.

[0213] Clause 24: The method according to Clause 23, wherein transmitting the indication for one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies comprises transmitting the indication via at least one of RRC signaling, MAC signaling, DCI, SCI or system information.

[0214] Clause 25: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 24, wherein one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies are defined based on a frequency band including the plurality of carrier frequencies.

[0215] Clause 26: The method according to any one of Clauses 16 to 25, the method further comprising: transmitting an indication of the plurality of carrier frequencies associated with the signal.

[0216] Clause 27: One or more means comprising: one or more memories including executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the one or more means to perform the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 26.

[0217] Clause 28: One or more apparatuses, said apparatuses comprising components for performing the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 26.

[0218] Clause 29: One or more non-transitory computer-readable media, the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of one or more devices, cause the one or more devices to perform the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 26.

[0219] Clause 30: One or more computer program products embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media, the one or more computer program products including code for performing the method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 26.

[0220] Additional Notes The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein do not limit the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, the function and arrangement of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as appropriate in various examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various actions may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Moreover, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using other structures, functionalities, or structures and functionalities that complement or replace the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of these claims.

[0221] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in this disclosure can be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, AI processor, digital signal processor (DSP), ASIC, field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic element, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. While the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, in alternative embodiments, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working in conjunction with a DSP core, a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or any other such configuration.

[0222] As used in this article, the phrase “at least one of” in a list of items refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiple identical elements (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0223] As used herein, the term "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determine" can include calculation, operation, processing, deduction, investigation, lookup (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), assertion, and so on. Additionally, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and so on. Furthermore, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, picking, building, and so on.

[0224] As used herein, unless otherwise stated, “coupled to” and “coupled with” generally encompass both direct and indirect coupling (e.g., including intermediate aspects of coupling). For example, stating that a processor is coupled to memory allows for direct coupling or coupling via an intermediate aspect such as a bus.

[0225] The methods disclosed herein include one or more actions for implementing the methods. These actions may be interchanged without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of a particular action may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. Furthermore, the various operations of the methods described above may be performed by any suitable component capable of performing the corresponding function. This component may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors.

[0226] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. References to singular elements are not intended to mean “only one” (unless specifically stated as “only one”), but rather “one or more”. Unless otherwise specified, definite articles (e.g., “the” or “described”) subsequently used with an element (e.g., “processor”) are not intended to give that element a singular meaning (e.g., “only one”). For example, unless otherwise specified, references to elements (e.g., “processor”, “controller”, “memory”, “transceiver”, “antenna”, “the processor”, “the controller”, “the memory”, “the transceiver”, “the antenna”, etc.) should be understood to refer to one or more elements (e.g., “one or more processors”, “one or more controllers”, “one or more memories”, “a plurality of transceivers”, etc.). The terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more elements and may be used interchangeably with “one or more”. In the case of references to one or more elements performing a function (e.g., steps of a method), one element may perform all the functions, or more than one element may collectively perform those functions. When more than one element performs these functions together, each function does not need to be performed by every single element (e.g., different functions can be performed by different elements), and / or each function does not need to be performed by only one element as a whole (e.g., different elements can perform different sub-functions of a function). Similarly, when referring to one or more elements configured to cause another element (e.g., a device) to perform a function, one element may be configured to cause another element to perform all functions, or more than one element may be jointly configured to cause another element to perform these functions. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "some" refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are currently or hereafter known to those skilled in the art are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories, said one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: Receive signals including multiple carrier frequencies modulated using on / off keying. The signal is decoded at least in part based on the correlation between the incremental frequency and a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency among the plurality of carrier frequencies, and Data is recovered from the decoded signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the incremental frequency defines the difference between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: A first rectifier, having an input terminal and an output terminal; A first filter having an input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the first rectifier and having an output terminal; A second rectifier has an input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the first filter and has an output terminal; and A second filter has an input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the second rectifier.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: The first rectifier is configured to rectify the signal and output a first rectified signal; The first filter is configured to filter the first rectified signal in one or more passbands and output a first filtered signal, wherein the incremental frequency is in at least one of the one or more passbands; The second rectifier is configured to rectify the first filtered signal and output a second rectified signal; and The second filter is configured to filter the second rectified signal and output a modulation amplitude signal as the decoded signal.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of carrier frequencies includes a third carrier frequency disposed between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to decode the signal, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to decode the signal at least in part based on a plurality of incremental frequencies associated with the plurality of carrier frequencies, the plurality of incremental frequencies including the incremental frequencies.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: The one or more processors are configured to enable the device to monitor interference associated with the signal; and In order to decode the signal, the one or more processors are configured to enable the device to decode the signal at least in part based on the monitored interference.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to receive an indication of at least one of the plurality of increment frequencies for decoding.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The one or more processors are configured to cause the device to transmit an indication of one or more incremental frequencies that the device can use to decode the signal, and The one or more increment frequencies include the increment frequency.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to receive an indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, in order to receive the indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to receive the indication via at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Sidelink Control Information (SCI), or System Information.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies are defined based on a frequency band including the plurality of carrier frequencies.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order to decode the signal, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to decode the signal at least in part based on blind detection of the incremental frequency.

15. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The one or more processors are configured to cause the device to receive an indication of the plurality of carrier frequencies associated with the signal; and In order to decode the signal, the one or more processors are configured to cause the device to decode the signal based on the indication of the plurality of carrier frequencies.

16. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories, said one or more processors being configured to cause the device to: Obtain an indication of one or more incremental frequencies for decoding a multicarrier signal modulated using on / off keying, the one or more incremental frequencies including incremental frequencies; as well as The transmission includes a signal modulated using the on / off keying at multiple carrier frequencies, wherein the multiple carrier frequencies include a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency, wherein the incremental frequency is associated with the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency, and wherein the signal includes data.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the incremental frequency defines the difference between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second carrier frequency is adjacent to the first carrier frequency.

19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the plurality of carrier frequencies includes a third carrier frequency disposed between the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency.

20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to: Monitoring interference associated with the signal; and The plurality of carrier frequencies are selected to form the one or more incremental frequencies.

21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit the indication of the one or more incremental frequencies for decoding.

22. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein: The one or more processors are configured to enable the device to receive an indication of one or more incremental frequencies that another device can use to decode the signal, and The one or more increment frequencies include the increment frequency.

23. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit an indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein, in order to transmit the indication of one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit the indication via at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Sidelink Control Information (SCI), or System Information.

25. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein one or more frequency intervals arranged among the plurality of carrier frequencies are defined based on a frequency band including the plurality of carrier frequencies.

26. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit an indication of the plurality of carrier frequencies associated with the signal.

27. A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: Receive signals including multiple carrier frequencies modulated using on / off keying; The signal is decoded at least in part based on the correlation between the incremental frequency and a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency among the plurality of carrier frequencies; as well as Data is recovered from the decoded signal.

28. A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising: Obtain an indication of one or more incremental frequencies for decoding a multicarrier signal modulated using on / off keying, the one or more incremental frequencies including incremental frequencies; as well as The transmission includes a signal modulated using the on / off keying at multiple carrier frequencies, wherein the multiple carrier frequencies include a first carrier frequency and a second carrier frequency, wherein the incremental frequency is associated with the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency, and wherein the signal includes data.

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