Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with: a reception unit that receives a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) that is mapped using a frequency-domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC), a time-domain OCC (TD-OCC), a frequency-domain and time-domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and that uses a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of a plurality of layers; and a control unit that controls the reception of the PDCCH on the basis of the DMRS. According to one mode of the disclosure, the resource efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving the height of LTE (3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The development of successor systems to LTE is also underway (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR), for example, from the perspective of improving resource efficiency, efforts are being made to increase the capacity of the downlink control channel.

[0009] However, the specific methods used have not been fully studied. This lack of research raises concerns that improvements in resource efficiency may be hindered, thus suppressing increases in communication throughput.

[0010] Therefore, one of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations that can improve resource efficiency.

[0011] Methods for solving problems

[0012] One aspect of this disclosure relates to a terminal comprising: a receiving unit for receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), the DMRS being a DMRS mapped using frequency domain orthogonal overlay code (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), frequency domain and time domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and being a DMRS using multiple layers of physical downlink control channels (PDCCH); and a control unit for controlling the reception of the PDCCH based on the DMRS.

[0013] Invention Effects

[0014] According to one method disclosed herein, resource efficiency can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1A This is a diagram illustrating an example of the number of UEs that can be accommodated per time slot / symbol in each channel. Figure 1B This is a diagram illustrating an example of the number of UEs that can be accommodated in each cell of each channel.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing an example of the antenna port of the PDCCH DMRS.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using FD-OCC.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS with FD-OCC application.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS with FD-OCC application.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using TD-OCC.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS using TD-OCC.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using FD-OCC and TD-OCC.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS using FD-OCC and TD-OCC.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using FDM.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS using FDM.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using TDM.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS using TDM.

[0028] Figure 14A as well as Figure 14B This is a diagram representing an example of an OCC sequence.

[0029] Figure 15 This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences.

[0030] Figure 16A as well as Figure 16B This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences.

[0031] Figure 17 This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences.

[0032] Figure 18 This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences.

[0033] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the transmit power of the PDCCH / DMRS according to the third embodiment.

[0034] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0035] Figure 21 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 22 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 23This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0038] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0039] (Minimum quality guarantee in future wireless communication systems)

[0040] In existing wireless communication systems (e.g., up to Rel. 15-17), mobile communication using public networks is generally what is known as best-effort communication.

[0041] In such communications, there is a characteristic that communication operators cannot control the sudden increase in traffic. For example, in dense environments such as concerts or stadiums, if the traffic increases suddenly or explosively, there is a problem that the minimum communication (e.g., the inability to make phone calls, browse the web, etc.) cannot be guaranteed.

[0042] In existing wireless communication systems (e.g., up to Rel. 15-17), mission-critical use cases (e.g., Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC)) have been investigated.

[0043] However, in the case of mission-critical communication services in public networks, as mentioned above, with increased traffic in the surrounding area or within the mission-critical communication service itself, it may be impossible to achieve the desired communication quality (e.g., throughput / latency / number of simultaneous connections, etc.).

[0044] Therefore, in future wireless communication systems, both general users and mission-critical use cases will require mechanisms that can guarantee a minimum level of communication quality.

[0045] However, it is difficult to guarantee minimum quality with limited resources.

[0046] For example, if the number of temporary users is unknown, it is difficult to provide minimum quality assurance for all users using limited resources.

[0047] Furthermore, the minimum quality that can be guaranteed varies depending on the performance / type of the device / terminal, making it difficult to achieve the minimum quality guarantee of the service KPI (Key Performance Indicator) required by any user.

[0048] Furthermore, the quality of wireless communication can change constantly due to a variety of factors, making it difficult to consistently guarantee specific performance KPIs (e.g., throughput / reliability).

[0049] Furthermore, due to limitations in the number of configurable base stations / transmitter / receiver points, or factors such as the surrounding communication environment, it is difficult to guarantee a specific quality in any location.

[0050] As a method for making minimum quality corrections to a large number of terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)), consider scheduling data channels (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) simultaneously for a large number of UEs.

[0051] The following example illustrates the calculation of the number of multiplexing of UE in FR1 (specifically, in the case of a data transmission period of 20ms and a data size (transfer block size) ≥320 for the required throughput (12.65kbps) of VoLTE (Voice over LTE)).

[0052] The calculation conditions are as follows:

[0053] • Bandwidth settings: FR1, 100MHz, subcarrier spacing = 30kHz.

[0054] • TDD setting: DDDSUUDDDD (5ms period, D is DL time slot, U is UL time slot, S is special time slot (for simplicity, it is set to only be able to send PDCCH)).

[0055] • PDCCH: Uses symbol #0 or #0 to #1. The number of bits in DCI is 40. It becomes the aggregation level of code rate (CodeRate) below PDSCH.

[0056] • PDSCH: As mapping mode 1, DMRS (non-data multiplexing) with a symbol length of 13 symbols and 2 symbols. As mapping mode 2, DMRS (non-data multiplexing) with a symbol length of 12 symbols and 2 symbols.

[0057] • PUSCH: DMRS (non-data multiplexing) with a symbol length of 14 symbols and 2 symbols.

[0058] • Other reference signals (RS) / channels are not considered.

[0059] Figure 1AThis is a diagram illustrating an example of the number of UEs that can be accommodated per time slot / symbol for each channel. Figure 1A The example shown illustrates how the number of UEs that can be accommodated for each time slot of each channel is calculated based on the number of RBs.

[0060] Under the above conditions, if we calculate the number of UEs accommodated by the PDCCH for each symbol, then with a Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) index of 0, each UE requires 24 Resource Blocks (RBs), so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 11. Furthermore, with an MCS index of 5, each UE requires 12 RBs, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 22.

[0061] Similarly, when calculating the number of UEs accommodated by the PDSCH for each time slot, in the case of MCS index 0, each UE requires 11 RBs for pattern 1 and 12 RBs for pattern 2, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 22 to 24. Furthermore, in the case of MCS index 5, each UE requires 4 RBs for both patterns 1 and 2, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 68.

[0062] Furthermore, if we calculate the number of UEs accommodated for each PUSCH in each time slot, then in the case of MCS index 0, each UE requires 10RB, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 27. Additionally, in the case of MCS index 5, each UE requires 3RB, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 91.

[0063] Figure 1B This is a diagram illustrating an example of the number of UEs accommodated per cell for each channel. Figure 1B The example shown illustrates how the number of UEs accommodated per cell for each channel (or DCI for PDCCH) is calculated based on TDD settings.

[0064] Under the above conditions, if we calculate the number of PDCCH / DCIs for each cell, then with MCS index 0, a 1-symbol PDCCH can accommodate 392 DCIs (UL DCI and DL DCI), and a 2-symbol PDCCH can accommodate 784 DCIs (UL DCI and DL DCI). Furthermore, with MCS index 5, a 1-symbol PDCCH can accommodate 784 DCIs (UL DCI and DL DCI), and a 2-symbol PDCCH can accommodate 1568 DCIs (UL DCI and DL DCI).

[0065] Similarly, when calculating the number of UEs accommodated by the PDSCH for each cell, with MCS index 0, each UE requires 11 RBs for mode 1, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 672. For mode 2, each UE requires 12 RBs, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 616. Furthermore, with MCS index 5, each UE requires 4 RBs for both modes 1 and 2, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 1904.

[0066] Furthermore, if we calculate the number of UEs accommodated by the PUSCH for each cell, then with MCS index 0, each UE requires 10 RBs, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 216. Additionally, with MCS index 5, each UE requires 3 RBs, so the number of UEs accommodated is calculated to be 728.

[0067] In this way, in the assumption of the required throughput of VoLTE, even if the TDD setting is set to have more DL resources than UL resources, each time slot can be allocated a maximum of 216 UEs (in the case of MCS index 0) of PUSCH.

[0068] In order to schedule the PUSCH of 216 UEs, a control channel (e.g., PDCCH / DCI) for scheduling the PUSCH needs to be transmitted in one or more DL slots.

[0069] As mentioned above, the number of PDCCH / DCI for each cell is at least approximately 400, which is therefore considered sufficiently large.

[0070] However, this is merely an example assuming that all PDCCH resources can be spread over for transmission in a manner that utilizes PDCCH / DCI. In actual transmission, due to PDCCH overbooking, the base station cannot simultaneously transmit a large number of PDCCHs as calculated above. In other words, if candidate PDCCH resources overlap in the time domain between UEs, a state where PDCCH transmission is impossible occurs.

[0071] (analyze)

[0072] Based on the above, as a method for performing minimum quality correction, in order to schedule data channels (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH) for a large number of UEs simultaneously, techniques are being investigated to improve the frequency / space utilization efficiency of allocating PDCCHs that can accommodate more UEs using limited resources.

[0073] Furthermore, from the perspective of improving general resource efficiency in future wireless communication systems, it is also preferable to increase the capacity of the PDCCH.

[0074] However, research on the specification methods for such PDCCH is insufficient. If this research is inadequate, improvements in resource efficiency will be hindered, minimum quality guarantees for communication cannot be guaranteed, and there are concerns that increases in communication throughput will be suppressed.

[0075] Therefore, the inventors of this invention have devised a method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0076] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods involved in each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0077] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be rewritten as each other. In addition, in this disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B and C".

[0078] In this disclosure, terms such as notification, activation, deactivation, indication (or indication), selection, configuration, update, and determination can be overridden. Similarly, terms such as support, control, ability to control, operation, and ability to operate can also be overridden.

[0079] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-level parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., can also be modified interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CE), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., can also be modified interchangeably.

[0080] In this disclosure, higher-layer signaling may be, for example, any one or a combination of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., positioning protocol messages (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, etc. from the core network)).

[0081] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) or a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may also be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), a Minimum System Information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), or Other System Information (OSI).

[0082] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.

[0083] In this disclosure, terms such as discard, abort, cancel, puncture, rate matching, postpone, and do not send can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0084] (Wireless communication method)

[0085] The UE can also use more than one rank / layer to receive the PDCCH.

[0086] By using multiple ranks / layers to receive PDCCH, the frequency resources (e.g., aggregation rank) used to transmit PDCCH at the required coding rate can be reduced, thereby improving the UE's multiplexing capacity / accommodation (PDCCH capacity).

[0087] The various embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied only when specific parameters / fields are set using higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling / MAC CE).

[0088] For example, by using higher-layer signaling to set the PDCCH reception layer / rank for the UE, the UE can also use the set layer / rank to receive DCI.

[0089] For example, by using higher-layer signaling to set the maximum number of layers / ranks for PDCCH reception for the UE, the UE can also use layers / ranks below the set maximum number of layers / ranks to receive DCI.

[0090] Based on this higher-level signaling, the settings can also be configured for each search space / each CORESET / each BWP / each CC / each band domain / each UE.

[0091] The various embodiments disclosed herein may also be applied only if specific UE capability information (support for specific UE capabilities) is reported.

[0092] The UE capability information can be reported, for example, by each band domain, by each band domain combination (BC), by each band domain within a BC, or by each CC per CC per band in a BC.

[0093] The various embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to specific search spaces (SS) / SS sets.

[0094] This specific SS / SS set can also be, for example, a UE-specific search space (USS) or a specific common search space (CSS, such as type 3 CSS). By constructing it in this way, it is possible to achieve a CSS structure for multiple UEs that excludes, for example, type 0 / 0A / 1 / 2 CSS.

[0095] The various embodiments disclosed herein can also be applied to specific DCI formats (transmitting PDCCHs in specific DCI formats).

[0096] This specific DCI format can be, for example, a DCI format that excludes common group formats (e.g., DCI format 2_x (x is any integer)) and DCI formats used for multicast / broadcast (e.g., DCI format 4_x (x is any integer)). By configuring it in this way, a structure that excludes DCI formats for multiple UEs can be implemented.

[0097] The specific DCI format may be, for example, at least one of a group of common DCI formats (e.g., DCI format 2_x (x is any integer)) and a DCI format for multicast / broadcast (e.g., DCI format 4_x (x is any integer)).

[0098] The various embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to specific time resources (e.g., time slots / symbols).

[0099] This specific time resource could also be, for example, a DL / UL / special time slot (or a code).

[0100] The various embodiments disclosed herein can also be applied to specific BWP / CC applications, for example.

[0101] For example, the specific BWP / CC can be either the BWP / CC of PCell / PSCell / SpCell or the BWP / CC of SCell.

[0102] In the various embodiments of this disclosure, terms such as "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "quasi-co-location (QCL)", "transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmit power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "beam", "beamwidth", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", "panel", "UE panel", "transmitting entity", and "receiving entity" can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0103] In the various embodiments of this disclosure, multiple input multiple output (MIMO), multi-layer, multi-port, and multi-rank can also be rewritten in different ways.

[0104] The various embodiments of this disclosure may also be, for example, operations of MIMO (single-user (SU-) MIMO) performed by a single UE.

[0105] In the various embodiments of this disclosure, SU-MIMO, PDCCH-MIMO, transmission / reception using multiple layers / ports, PDCCH using multiple layers / ports, and transmission / reception using multiple (more than 2 or more than 1) rank / layer / port / port number / port index can also be rewritten to each other.

[0106] <First Implementation Method>

[0107] The first embodiment relates to a method for specifying / setting / indicating the rank / number of layers.

[0108] The UE can also be configured / instructed to use one or more ranks / layers to receive the PDCCH.

[0109] For example, the UE can also use higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) to set the rank / layer of PDCCH / DCI.

[0110] For example, the UE can also use higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) to set the rank / layer of the PDCCH / DCI and use the set rank / layer to receive the PDCCH / DCI.

[0111] For example, if multiple ports are configured for DMRS of PDCCH (detailed in the second embodiment below), and if reception of PDCCH is configured to utilize one port / layer, the UE may also determine a specific port among the multiple ports.

[0112] This specific port can also be indicated / notified from the network by the port number.

[0113] Furthermore, for a specific port, the UE can also perform blind detection on PDCCHs with multiple port numbers. In other words, the UE can also perform blind detection on multiple port numbers to determine the port number of the transmitted PDCCH.

[0114] In addition, for example, the UE can also use higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) to set the maximum rank / maximum layer of PDCCH / DCI.

[0115] For example, the UE can also use higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) to set the maximum rank / maximum layer number of PDCCH / DCI, and use a rank / layer number below the set rank / layer number to receive PDCCH / DCI.

[0116] Based on this higher-level signaling, the settings can also be configured for each search space / each CORESET / each BWP / each CC / each band domain / each UE.

[0117] For PDCCHs using multiple ranks / layers / ports, the settings for search space / monitoring occasion / aggregation level can be configured separately for each rank / layer / port or configured commonly.

[0118] When the setting / indication / utilization rank / layer number is 1, the UE can also perform blind detection of DCI format / aggregation level / DCI resources.

[0119] For example, when the UE is configured to receive PDCCH using multiple ranks / layers, and under specific circumstances / events / conditions, it can also receive PDCCH using rank / layer = 1 (or fall back to the operation of rank / layer = 1).

[0120] When the set / instruction / utilization rank / layer number is greater than 1, the UE can also count the number of blind detections per rank / layer in blind detection. For example, in the case of 1 layer, the UE can also count the blind detection of DCI with port index p=2000 and the blind detection of DCI with p=2001 as 2 times.

[0121] When the set / instruction / utilization rank / layer number is greater than 1, the UE can also count the number of blind detections for multiple (e.g., all) (different) ranks / layers in blind detection. For example, in the case of 1 layer, the UE can also count the blind detection of DCI with port index p=2000 and the blind detection of DCI with p=2001 together as 1.

[0122] When multiple layers / ranks are configured to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is configured), the number of blind detections (maximum number of times) for DCI can be the same as when multiple layers / ranks are not configured to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is not configured).

[0123] The number of blind detections (maximum number of times) for DCI can differ when multiple layers / ranks are configured to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is configured) versus when multiple layers / ranks are not configured to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is not configured).

[0124] For example, the upper limit of blind detection for a DCI when it is configured to use multiple layers / ranks to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is configured) can be greater than (or less than) the upper limit of blind detection for a DCI when it is not configured to use multiple layers / ranks to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is not configured).

[0125] The upper limit of blind detection for DCI when multiple layers / ranks are set to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is set) can also be expressed as M times the upper limit of blind detection for DCI when multiple layers / ranks are not set to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is not set) (M is any number).

[0126] The upper limit of blind detection for DCI when multiple layers / ranks are configured to receive PDCCH (when PDCCH-MIMO is configured) can be defined in advance in the specification, reported using UE capability information, set / notified using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE), or determined by a combination of these.

[0127] When the rank / layer number of PDCCH / DCI is set using higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE), the UE can also perform blind detection of PDCCH / DCI (only) on the set rank / layer.

[0128] When the rank / layer number of PDCCH / DCI is set using higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE), the UE can also perform blind detection of PDCCH / DCI on the set rank / layer, and then (or before) perform blind detection of PDCCH / DCI on ranks / layers other than the set rank / layer. In this case, the set rank / layer can also be set to have a higher priority among ranks / layers than those of other ranks / layers.

[0129] When using higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) with the maximum rank / layer number of PDCCH / DCI set, the UE can also prioritize blind detection of lower rank / layer (e.g., port 1 (no MIMO)) DCIs. In this case, the UE can also perform blind detection of DCIs of each rank / layer in order from lower rank / layer to higher rank / layer. In this scenario, lower rank / layers can also be set to have higher priority than higher rank / layers.

[0130] By configuring it in this way, it is possible to increase the likelihood of receiving / transmitting at least the first port (port 1) of DCI without exceeding the upper limit of blind detection.

[0131] When using higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC CE) with the maximum rank / maximum layer number of PDCCH / DCI set, the UE can also prioritize blind detection of DCIs with larger rank / layer numbers. In this case, the UE can also perform blind detection of DCIs of each rank / layer in order from larger rank / layer to smaller rank / layer. Furthermore, larger rank / layer numbers can be set to have higher priority than smaller rank / layer numbers.

[0132] By configuring it in this way, for the set rank / layer / port DCI, the possibility of receiving / transmitting DCI without exceeding the upper limit of blind detection can be increased.

[0133] The order / priority of blind detection can also be determined based on at least one of the following:

[0134] • Rank / Number of layers.

[0135] Is it CSS or USS?

[0136] ·SS set ID.

[0137] • Aggregation level.

[0138] • DCI format.

[0139] For example, the UE can first perform blind detection of at least one of CSS / USS and SS set ID (all SS set IDs) in a certain rank / layer, and then perform blind detection of CSS / USS and SS set ID (all SS set IDs) in the next rank / layer. In other words, the rank / layer-based conditions can also be specified outside the code (pseudocode) of the existing blind detection method.

[0140] For example, the UE can first perform blind detection for each rank / layer for a certain SS set ID (or CSS / USS), and then perform blind detection for each rank / layer for the next SS set ID (or CSS / USS). In other words, rank / layer-based conditions can also be specified at specific locations in the code (pseudocode) of the existing blind detection method (e.g., inside the conditions of the CSS / USS / SS set ID).

[0141] Based on the first embodiment described above, the rank / layer number involved in PDCCH / DCI can be appropriately determined.

[0142] <Second Implementation Method>

[0143] The second implementation involves the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the PDCCH.

[0144] In the following embodiment, the case of 2 ports / layers is used as the main example for explanation, but the number of layers / ports / ranks is not limited to this. For example, more than 2 ports / layers (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more) may also be specified, and this embodiment may be applied to such ports / layers.

[0145] Definition of DMRS / Antenna Port of PDCCH

[0146] The first layer / rank / port in the case where no multi-level configuration is set (e.g., single-user (SU-) MIMO, PDCCH-MIMO) and the first layer / rank / port in the case where multi-level configuration is set can also be the same port / port index (e.g., p=2000) (see reference). Figure 2 ).

[0147] The first level / rank / port when no multi-level is set and the first level / rank / port when multi-level is set can also be different port / port indices.

[0148] Layer x+1 can also correspond to the first port index + x. For example, layer 1, layer 2, layer 3, ... can also correspond to p=2000, 2001, 2002, ... respectively (see reference). Figure 2 ).

[0149] Port / Layer / Rank Indicator

[0150] The UE can also be configured / indicated with the DCI's receive port number / index. This configuration can also be performed, for example, using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI (e.g., DCI received in the past).

[0151] The UE can also attempt to detect / receive DCI based on the setting / indication of the DCI's receive port number / index.

[0152] For example, when the UE is notified of multiple port numbers (e.g., p=2000 and 2001), the UE can also use a single mode that uses multiple layers (in this case, two layers) of those multiple ports to perform DCI detection.

[0153] In addition, in this disclosure, 2000+n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 0) is used as an example for port numbering, but these numbers are just examples and any number (e.g., 3000+n, 4000+n, etc.) can be used as port numbering.

[0154] Furthermore, for example, if the UE is notified of a port number (e.g., p=2000), the UE can also use a mode of a layer that uses that port to perform DCI detection.

[0155] It is also possible to set / indicate more than one candidate for the DCI receive port number / index for the UE. This setting / indication can also be done, for example, using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI (e.g., DCI received in the past).

[0156] The UE can also perform (attempt) DCI detection / reception based on more than one candidate.

[0157] For example, when the UE is notified of multiple port number candidates (e.g., p=2000 and 2001), the UE can also use a mode based on a combination of one or more layers / ports that use these multiple ports (in this case, three modes: {p=2000, layer 1}, {p=2001, layer 1}, and {p=2000 and 2001, layer 2}) to perform DCI detection.

[0158] Alternatively, the UE may be configured / indicated with at least one of the following: a candidate for the DCI's receive layer number / rank (first candidate); and a candidate for the DCI's receive port number / index (second candidate). This configuration / indication may also be performed, for example, using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI (e.g., DCI received in the past).

[0159] The first candidate can also be represented as the maximum number of receiving layers / ranks.

[0160] The UE can also attempt to detect / receive DCI based on at least one of the settings of the first candidate and the second candidate.

[0161] For example, if a layer is set for the UE and multiple port numbers (e.g., p=2000 and 2001) are set as candidates for the DCI receiving port number / index, the UE can also use the two modes {p=2000, layer 1} and {p=2001, layer 1} to perform DCI detection.

[0162] For example, if the UE is configured with two layers and multiple port numbers (e.g., p=2000 and 2001) are set as candidates for the DCI receiving port number / index, the UE can also use one mode of {p=2000 and 2001, 2 layers} to perform DCI detection.

[0163] For example, if the UE is set to 2 layers or less (maximum 2 layers) and multiple port numbers (e.g., p=2000 and 2001) are set as candidates for the DCI receiving port number / index, the UE can also use three modes, {p=2000, 1 layer}, {p=2001, 1 layer}, and {p=2000 and 2001, 2 layers}, to perform DCI detection.

[0164] Additionally, the DCI used for each setting / instruction in this embodiment (e.g., DCI received in the past) may also be a DCI of a specific DCI format / SS / CORESET.

[0165] PDCCH DMRS with Multiple Ports

[0166] The application of multiple-port PDCCH DMRS can also be configured per SS / per CORESET / per DL BWP / per UL BWP / per CC / per UE.

[0167] PDCCH DMRS multi-porting can also be implemented based on one or more methods. This method can be either just one of the following, or at least two of the following can be specified and each can be switched using higher-level signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI:

[0168] ·FD-OCC.

[0169] ·TD-OCC.

[0170] ·FD-OCC+TD-OCC.

[0171] FDM.

[0172] ·TDM.

[0173] [FD-OCC]

[0174] DMRS (PDCCH DMRS) symbols corresponding to different ports / layers can also be mapped to specific time / frequency resources.

[0175] The mapping method for DMRS can be either based on the methods specified in the existing specifications (up to Rel. 17) or on new rules. For example, the new rule could be at least one of the following: compared to the methods in the existing specifications (e.g., in the case where multiple ports / layers of PDCCH are not set / indicated), the mapping position of DMRS is shifted along the time direction, and the density of DMRS in the frequency direction is increased / decreased.

[0176] At this point, frequency domain (FD-) orthogonal overlay codes (OCC) can also be applied to the DMRS symbol according to the size of each physical resource block (PRB) / precoding resource group (PRG) / control channel element (CCE) / PRG bundle.

[0177] Alternatively, different FD-OCC parameters (also known as sequence elements, etc.) can be applied to the DMRS symbol for each different port / layer. f (k).

[0178] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using FD-OCC. Figure 3 The CCE is shown to consist of 14 code elements and 2 PRBs (2 An example consisting of 12 subcarriers. The grid in the time direction represents symbols, and the grid in the frequency direction represents subcarriers (the same applies to the following figures involving DMRS).

[0179] exist Figure 3 In the example shown, the DMRS using 3 ports (DMRS ports #0 to #2) is mapped to the start symbol, and FD-OCC (FD-OCC parameter W) is applied per PRB (12 subcarriers). f (k)).

[0180] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS applying FD-OCC. In Figure 4 In the example shown, the DMRS using port 6 (DMRS ports #0 to #5) is mapped to the start symbol, and FD-OCC (FD-OCC parameter W) is applied per CCE (24 subcarriers). f (k)).

[0181] Figure 5This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS applying FD-OCC. In Figure 5 In the example shown, the DMRS using two ports (DMRS ports #0 and #1) is mapped to the start symbol, and FD-OCC (FD-OCC parameter W) is applied for every specific number of subcarriers (e.g., 8 subcarriers). f (k)).

[0182] [TD-OCC]

[0183] DMRS (PDCCH DMRS) symbols corresponding to different ports / layers can also be mapped to specific time / frequency resources.

[0184] At this point, time-domain (TD-) OCC can also be applied to the DMRS symbol in a specific time resource unit (e.g., symbol unit).

[0185] In addition, in the case of a repetition of a PDCCH, TD-OCC can also be applied for each repetition (between repetitions).

[0186] This repeated transmission can, for example, transmit the PDCCH corresponding to the first rank / layer in the first repeated transmission, and the PDCCH corresponding to the second rank / layer in the second repeated transmission (and so on in the third repeated transmission and the third rank / layer and beyond). Furthermore, this repeated transmission can, for example, transmit the PDCCH corresponding to multiple rank / layers (e.g., first to nth rank / layers) in each repeated transmission.

[0187] TD-OCC can also be applied when the duration in CORESET is greater than 1.

[0188] Alternatively, different TD-OCC parameters (also known as sequence elements, etc.) can be applied to the DMRS symbol for each different port / layer. t (k).

[0189] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using TD-OCC. In Figure 6 In the example shown, the DMRS using ports 3 (DMRS ports #0 to #2) is mapped to 3 symbols starting from the start symbol, with a length of 3 for the TD-OCC (TD-OCC parameter W). t (k) is applied to DMRS symbols.

[0190] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS applying TD-OCC. In Figure 7In the example shown, the DMRS using two ports (DMRS ports #0 and #2) is mapped to two symbols starting from the start symbol, with a length of 2 for the TD-OCC (TD-OCC parameter W). t (k) is applied to DMRS symbols.

[0191] [FD-OCC+TD-OCC]

[0192] The applications of FD-OCC and TD-OCC described above can also be combined.

[0193] DMRS (PDCCH DMRS) symbols corresponding to different ports / layers can also be mapped to specific time / frequency resources.

[0194] At this point, frequency domain (FD-) orthogonal overlay codes (OCC) can also be applied to the DMRS symbol according to the size of each physical resource block (PRB) / precoding resource group (PRG) / control channel element (CCE) / PRG bundle.

[0195] In addition, time-domain (TD-) OCC can be applied to the DMRS symbol in a specific time resource unit (e.g., symbol unit).

[0196] Alternatively, different FD-OCC parameters W can be applied to the DMRS symbol for each different port / layer. f (k) and the parameters W for different TD-OCCs t (k).

[0197] By configuring it in this way, the receiving side (e.g., the UE) can decode DMRS more flexibly by using either FD-OCC or TD-OCC. For example, when the channel delay spread is large, the characteristics of FD-OCC deteriorate, so using TD-OCC to decode DMRS can be expected to improve its characteristics. Furthermore, when the UE speed is high, the characteristics of TD-OCC deteriorate, so using FD-OCC to decode DMRS can be expected to improve its characteristics.

[0198] The UE can also use either FD-OCC or TD-OCC to perform DMRS reception processing based on specific conditions. For example, the UE can use TD-OCC to decode DMRS when a first condition is met (e.g., when the channel delay spread is large), and use FD-OCC to decode DMRS when a second condition is met (e.g., when the UE speed is high).

[0199] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using FD-OCC and TD-OCC. In Figure 8 In the example shown, DMRS using 3 ports (DMRS ports #0 to #2) is used to map 3 symbols starting from the start symbol across a specific subcarrier, according to each PRB (12 subcarriers), FD-OCC (FD-OCC parameter W) f (k)) and a TD-OCC of length 3 (TD-OCC parameter W) t (k) are applied to DMRS symbols respectively.

[0200] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS using FD-OCC and TD-OCC. Figure 9 In the example shown, DMRS using two ports (DMRS ports #0 to #1) is mapped across specific subcarriers, starting with two symbols from the start symbol. For every specific number of subcarriers (8 subcarriers), FD-OCC (FD-OCC parameter W) is used. f (k)) and a TD-OCC of length 2 (TD-OCC parameter W) t (k) are applied to DMRS symbols respectively.

[0201] [FDM]

[0202] DMRS (PDCCH DMRS) symbols corresponding to different ports / layers can also be frequency-division multiplexed (FDM) (within the same time resources / symbols).

[0203] At this point, FDM can also be performed using DMRS symbols corresponding to different ports / layers by not sending a portion of the DMRS.

[0204] For example, only the DMRS symbols corresponding to the port / layer that has been set / indicated to the UE may be sent. DMRS symbols corresponding to ports / layers that have not been set / indicated to the UE may also be omitted.

[0205] Alternatively, for example, DMRS symbols corresponding to a certain port / layer may be sent to a certain UE, while DMRS symbols corresponding to other ports / layers may be sent to other UEs. In this case, the UE may not need to process the DMRS sent to other UEs. In other words, the UE may ignore the DMRS sent to other UEs (and the DMRS may not be used for channel estimation).

[0206] The UE may also choose not to assume that the PDCCH / other arbitrary DL signals are mapped to resources that do not transmit a portion of DMRS. Alternatively, the UE may choose not to map the PDCCH / other arbitrary DL signals to resources that do not transmit a portion of DMRS.

[0207] The UE can also envision that the PDCCH is mapped to resources that do not transmit a portion of the DMRS.

[0208] Compared to not using FDM, the sequence length of DMRS can remain unchanged, and DMRS symbols / REs that are not sent can also be truncated.

[0209] By constructing it in this way, a longer sequence length can be used compared to cases where the sequence length varies, and therefore, it is preferred from a certain perspective.

[0210] Furthermore, pseudo-random (pseudo-noise (PN)) sequences can also be mapped only to the actual transmitted DMRS symbols / REs. In other words, the sequence length of DMRS can vary compared to the case without FDM.

[0211] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using FDM. In Figure 10 In the example shown, the DMRS resources corresponding to each port (p=2000 / 2001 / 2002) are configured for FDM. At this time, the DMRS / PDCCH (resources) corresponding to p=2001 / 2002 are not sent to the UE corresponding to p=2000.

[0212] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS applying FDM. In Figure 11 In the example shown, the DMRS resources corresponding to each port (p=2000 / 2001) are configured for FDM. At this time, the DMRS / PDCCH (resources) corresponding to p=2001 are not sent to the UE corresponding to p=2000.

[0213] [TDM]

[0214] DMRS (PDCCH DMRS) symbols corresponding to different ports / layers can also be time-division multiplexed (TDM) (within the same time resources / symbols).

[0215] At this point, TDM can also be performed on DMRS symbols corresponding to different ports / layers by not sending a portion of the DMRS.

[0216] For example, it is also possible to only send DMRS symbols corresponding to the port / layer that is set / indicated to the UE. DMRS symbols that do not correspond to ports / layers that are not set / indicated to the UE may also not be sent.

[0217] Alternatively, for example, DMRS symbols corresponding to a certain port / layer may be sent to a certain UE, while DMRS symbols corresponding to other ports / layers may be sent to other UEs. In this case, the UE may not perform the receiving processing of the DMRS sent to other UEs. In other words, the UE may also ignore the DMRS sent to other UEs (and the DMRS may not be used for channel estimation).

[0218] The UE may also choose not to assume that the PDCCH / other arbitrary DL signals are mapped to resources that do not transmit a portion of DMRS. Alternatively, the UE may choose not to map the PDCCH / other arbitrary DL signals to resources that do not transmit a portion of DMRS.

[0219] The UE can also envision that the PDCCH is mapped to resources that do not transmit a portion of the DMRS.

[0220] Compared to not using TDM, the sequence length of DMRS can remain unchanged, and DMRS symbols / REs that are not sent can also be truncated.

[0221] By constructing it in this way, a longer sequence length can be used compared to cases where the sequence length varies, and therefore, it is preferred from a certain perspective.

[0222] Furthermore, pseudo-random (PN) sequences can also be mapped only to the actual transmitted DMRS symbols / REs. In other words, the sequence length of DMRS can vary compared to the case without TDM.

[0223] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCCH DMRS using TDM. In Figure 12 In the example shown, the DMRS resources corresponding to each port (p=2000 / 2001 / 2002) are configured for TDM. At this time, the DMRS / PDCCH resources corresponding to p=2001 / 2002 are not sent to the UE corresponding to p=2000.

[0224] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of PDCCH DMRS applying TDM. In Figure 13 In the example shown, the DMRS resources corresponding to each port (p=2000 / 2001) are configured for TDM. At this time, the DMRS / PDCCH (resources) corresponding to p=2001 are not sent to the UE corresponding to p=2000.

[0225] FD / TD-OCC

[0226] The following explains the OCC used in the above-mentioned FD / TD-OCC application.

[0227] The sequence of this OCC can also be generated using at least one of Walsh code (Hadamard code) and cyclic shift.

[0228] The sequence length can also be a specific value (e.g., 2 / 4 / 6).

[0229] UE can also use multiple (e.g., all) OCC indexes.

[0230] UE can also use a subset of multiple (e.g., all) OCC indexes.

[0231] Figure 14A as well as Figure 14B This is a diagram representing an example of an OCC sequence. In Figure 14A The example shown is an instance of OCC based on the Walsh matrix with a sequence length of 2. Figure 14B The example shown is an example of OCC based on cyclic shift with a sequence length of 2. Figure 14A as well as Figure 14B The OCC with a sequence length of 2 shown can also be applied to the DMRS of PDCCH.

[0232] Figure 15 This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences. In Figure 15 The example shown is an example of OCC based on cyclic shift with a sequence length of 3. Figure 15 The OCC with a sequence length of 3 shown can also be applied to the DMRS of PDCCH.

[0233] Figure 16A as well as Figure 16B This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences. In Figure 16A The example shown is an instance of OCC based on the Walsh matrix with a sequence length of 4. Figure 16B The example shown is an example of OCC based on cyclic shift with a sequence length of 4. Figure 16A as well as Figure 16B The OCC with a sequence length of 4 shown can also be applied to the DMRS of PDCCH.

[0234] Figure 17 This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences. In Figure 17 The example shown is an example of OCC based on cyclic shift with a sequence length of 6. Figure 17 The OCC with a sequence length of 6 shown can also be applied to the DMRS of PDCCH.

[0235] Figure 18 This is a diagram representing other examples of OCC sequences. In Figure 18 The example shown uses 4 out of 6 OCCs with a sequence length of 6. Figure 18 The OCC with a sequence length of 4 shown can also be applied to the DMRS of PDCCH.

[0236] Furthermore, the values ​​of the sequence shown in the above OCC sequence diagram are ultimately just one example, and the values ​​and combinations are not limited to this example.

[0237] According to the second embodiment described above, it is possible to appropriately specify the use of multiple rank / layer / port PDCCH DMRS, thereby increasing the PDCCH capacity.

[0238] <Third Implementation Method>

[0239] The third implementation involves the transmit power / power density of the PDCCH / DMRS.

[0240] From the perspective of amplifier range / receiver range, it is expected that the transmit power per symbol / RE is constant. In the case of PDCCH in the past (up to Rel. 17), the power density (e.g., Energy Per Resource Element (EPRE)) used to transmit PDCCH / DMRS in each RE within 1 PRB is constant.

[0241] However, without transmitting a portion of the DMRS (DMRS resource) (e.g., in the case of DMRS using FDM / TDM as described above), if the EPRE is kept constant, the transmit power cannot be kept constant.

[0242] Again Figure 11 For example, let's explain the transmission power without transmitting a portion of the DMRS. Figure 11 In the example shown, for a certain UE, the DMRS corresponding to port number p=2000 is sent, while the DMRS corresponding to port number p=2001 is not sent.

[0243] In this case, with EPRE constant, there is a decrease in the transmission power of DMRS symbols that are not transmitted (in Figure 11 In the case where there is no DMRS symbol being transmitted, the transmission power of the symbol becomes 21 / 24 (87.5%) compared to other symbols.

[0244] In the following third embodiment, the transmit power / power density of the PDCCH / DMRS used to address these issues will be described.

[0245] Alternatively, a portion of the PDCCH / DMRS (resources / REs) may not be sent.

[0246] The UE can also be configured not to send a portion of the PDCCH / DMRS (resources / REs). For example, the UE can also be configured to use the aforementioned FDM / TDM PDCCH DMRS.

[0247] The transmit power can also be constant in the DMRS / PDCCH time resources (e.g., symbols) without transmitting a portion of the DMRS / PDCCH (resources / REs), and in the DMRS / PDCCH time resources (e.g., symbols) other than those time resources.

[0248] The UE can also be envisioned as having a constant transmission power in the DMRS / PDCCH time resources (e.g., symbols) when no part of the DMRS / PDCCH (resources / REs) is transmitted, and in the DMRS / PDCCH time resources (e.g., symbols) outside of those time resources.

[0249] The UE can also be envisioned as follows: the transmission power of the DMRS / PDCCH time resources (e.g., symbols) in the case where no part of the DMRS / PDCCH (resources / REs) is transmitted is determined based on the transmission power of the DMRS / PDCCH time resources (e.g., symbols) other than those time resources.

[0250] For example, in a certain symbol, multiple (e.g., all) RE numbers (e.g., N) in a specific frequency resource (e.g., PRB / PRG / CCE, etc.) all When the number of untransmitted REs in a symbol is set to P, the power density of the PDCCH / DMRS in that symbol (e.g., Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP)) can also be a specific multiple of the power density of other symbols (e.g., N). all / (N) all -P)).

[0251] For example, in a certain symbol, the number of REs (e.g., N) of PDCCH DMRS in a specific frequency resource (e.g., PRB / PRG / CCE, etc.) dmrs When the number of untransmitted REs in a symbol is set to Q, the power density of the DMRS in that symbol (e.g., EIRP) can also be a specific multiple of the power density of other symbols (e.g., N). dmrs / (N) dmrs -Q)).

[0252] In addition, the above-mentioned "case where a portion of DMRS / PDCCH (resources / REs) are not sent" can also be rewritten with "case where DMRS (resources / REs) other than those assigned to the port / layer of this UE are not sent" and "case where DMRS (resources / REs) assigned to the port / layer of this UE and other UEs are sent".

[0253] For example, when a PDCCH DMRS using FDM / TDM is transmitted, and when DMRS (resources / REs) corresponding to ports / layers assigned to this UE and other UEs are transmitted, this UE can also assume that the transmission power of a certain symbol, excluding the power of the DMRS (resources / REs) directed to other UEs, is equal to the transmission power of a symbol that does not transmit DMRS. In this case, the base station can also control the transmission so that the transmission power of symbols transmitting DMRS directed to multiple UEs is greater than the transmission power of symbols that do not transmit DMRS.

[0254] For example, when a PDCCH DMRS using FDM / TDM is transmitted, and when DMRS (resources / REs) corresponding to ports / layers assigned to this UE and other UEs are transmitted, this UE may also assume that the transmission power of a certain symbol, excluding the power of the DMRS (resources / REs) directed to other UEs, is less than the transmission power of symbols that do not transmit DMRS. In this case, the base station can also control the transmission to make the transmission power of symbols transmitting DMRS to multiple UEs equal to the transmission power of symbols that do not transmit DMRS.

[0255] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the transmit power of the PDCCH / DMRS according to the third embodiment. Figure 19 The example shown illustrates a resource with 1 slot (14 symbols) and 1 CCE. Figure 19 In the example shown, among the DMRS corresponding to DMRS ports #0 and #1, the DMRS corresponding to port number p=2000 is sent, while the DMRS corresponding to p=2001 is not sent.

[0256] At this point, the UE assumes that the transmit power / power density within 1 CCE of each symbol (symbols #0 to #2) that is not transmitted in part of the DMRS, and the transmit power / power density within 1 CCE of each other symbol are constant.

[0257] According to the third embodiment above, the transmission power can be appropriately determined even if a portion of the DMRS / PDCCH is not transmitted.

[0258] <Fourth Implementation Method>

[0259] The fourth implementation relates to a pre-encoder applied to the PDCCH.

[0260] For example, the UE can also be configured / indicated whether to send DMRS for PDCCH. This configuration / indication can also be done, for example, using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI (e.g., DCI received in the past).

[0261] Alternatively, the UE may not be notified of the precoder applied to the PDCCH. The UE may also be assumed not to be notified of the precoder applied to the PDCCH.

[0262] For example, in the case of DMRS sending PDCCH, the precoder applied to PDCCH may not be notified.

[0263] In this case, the UE can also assume / determine that the PDCCH and the DMRS of the PDCCH are transmitted using the same precoder.

[0264] The UE can also be notified of the precoder applied to the PDCCH. The UE can also be assumed to be notified of the precoder applied to the PDCCH.

[0265] For example, the precoder applied to the PDCCH can be notified even if the DMRS does not send the PDCCH.

[0266] In this case, the UE can also receive cell common / UE common RS (e.g., CRS / CSI-RS / TRS) and be notified of the PDCCH precoder (phase difference) obtained by comparing with that RS.

[0267] The precoder's notification can also be made using, for example, higher-level signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI (e.g., DCI received in the past).

[0268] Furthermore, even if the DMRS does not send the PDCCH, the precoder applied to the PDCCH may not be notified.

[0269] In this case, the UE can also detect DCI using blind detection from a specific precoder candidate. This specific precoder candidate can be either predefined in the specification or set / indicated to the UE using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI.

[0270] The network / base station can also use channel reciprocity to determine the precoder to be applied to the PDCCH based on the UL reception from the UE (e.g., SRS / PUSCH / PUCCH / PUSCH DMRS / PUCCH DMRS).

[0271] In addition, the network / base station can also determine that the precoder determined based on the CSI feedback for PDSCH is used for PDCCH.

[0272] For example, the UE could also be envisioned as follows: in the case of 2 ports / layers, linear polarization (e.g., vertical and horizontal polarization) is used for PDCCH transmission. Furthermore, for example, the UE could also be envisioned as follows: in the case of 2 ports / layers, circular polarization (e.g., right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP)) is used for PDCCH transmission.

[0273] For example, the UE can also be envisioned as follows: in the case of 3 or 4 ports / layers, a combination of linear polarization and circular polarization is used for PDCCH transmission.

[0274] The UE can also report the precoder used to determine the PDCCH (e.g., CSI feedback). The UE can also receive a specific DL reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS / TRS) and generate / determine this report. This report can also be performed, for example, using UCI / MAC CE (PUSCH).

[0275] This report can also be made only if the PDCCH is configured to use a larger number of layers / ports than a certain number (e.g., 2, 4).

[0276] Furthermore, this report can only be generated if the PDCCH is configured to receive a smaller number of layers / ports than a specific number (e.g., 2, 4).

[0277] The UE can also receive an indication from the network / base station for determining the precoder of the PDCCH (precoder indication). This indication can also be made using, for example, DCI / MAC CE. This indication can also be sent based on a report from the UE.

[0278] According to the fourth embodiment above, the precoder applied to the PDCCH can be appropriately determined.

[0279] <Fifth Implementation Method>

[0280] The fifth implementation involves operation using multiple TRPs.

[0281] You can also configure the UE to use multi-layer / port PDCCH (PDCCH-MIMO).

[0282] Each PDCCH port / layer can also be associated with a (different / same) TCI state. This TCI state association can also be set / indicated using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI.

[0283] One or more TCI states (TRPs) can also be associated with a PDCCH port / layer.

[0284] In this way, by utilizing multiple TRPs for PDCCHs that use multiple layers / ports, the desired execution rank can be improved by increasing the number of paths, thus enabling feature improvements.

[0285] Rules can also be specified that relate to the TCI state and the priority of a specific QCL type (e.g., QCL type D).

[0286] The priority-related rules may also include priority commands that contain at least one of the following size relationships:

[0287] ·CSS>USS.

[0288] • Lower (or higher) CC index > Higher (or lower) CC index.

[0289] • Lower (or higher) SS set index > higher (or lower) SS set index.

[0290] For example, the UE can also determine this priority for each port / layer in each SS set ID. In other words, port / layer-based conditions can be specified outside the mathematical formula of the existing priority determination method.

[0291] For example, the UE can also determine the priority for multiple (e.g., all) ports / layers, per SS set ID. In other words, port / layer-based conditions can also be specified at a specific location in the mathematical formula of the existing priority determination method (e.g., inside the condition for SS set ID).

[0292] For example, when multiple layers / ports and multiple TCI states correspond to one SS (one port / layer corresponds to one TCI state), the UE can also receive the PDCCH for the highest priority SS and the PDCCH for other SSs, where the other SSs have a QCL relationship with at least one of the multiple TCI states (e.g., QCL type D). In this case, the UE may also choose not to receive the PDCCH for SSs other than the SSs for which the received PDCCH is sent.

[0293] According to the fifth embodiment above, by utilizing multiple TRPs on a multi-layer PDCCH, it is possible to achieve operation with expected further feature improvements.

[0294] <Supplement>

[0295] [Information notification to UE]

[0296] The notification of any information from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE in the above-described embodiments (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0297] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) that is not specified in the existing standard in the MAC subheader.

[0298] When the above notification is made through a DCI, the notification can also be made through specific fields of the DCI, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used in the scrambling of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0299] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0300] [Notification from UE]

[0301] The notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) in the above embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MACCE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[0302] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new LCID in the MAC subheader that is not specified in the existing standard.

[0303] In cases where the above notification is sent via UCI, the above notification may also be sent using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0304] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments can also be carried out periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0305] [Regarding the application of each implementation method]

[0306] At least one of the above-described implementation methods can also be applied under certain conditions. These specific conditions can be specified in the standard or communicated to the UE / BS using higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0307] At least one of the above implementation methods may also be applied only to UEs that have reported a specific UE capability or support that specific UE capability.

[0308] This specific UE capability can also represent at least one of the following:

[0309] • Supports specific processing / operation / control / information for at least one of the above-described embodiments (e.g., PDCCH reception using multi-layer / port / rank, PDCCH reception in SU-MIMO).

[0310] • Supports reception of PDCCH DMRS using FD-OCC / TD-OCC / FDM / TDM.

[0311] • The number of layers / ports / ranks of the supported PDCCH / DMRS.

[0312] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be applied across the entire frequency (commonly regardless of frequency), or per frequency (e.g., one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), or per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or per subcarrier spacing (SCS), or per feature set (FS) or per component carrier feature set (FSPC).

[0313] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be either the ability to apply across all duplex modes (commonly independent of duplex mode) or the capability for each duplex mode (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0314] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments can also be applied when the UE is set / activated / triggered by specific information associated with the above-described embodiments (or performs the operations of the above-described embodiments) via higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling. For example, this specific information may be information indicating activation of receiving PDCCH using multi-layer / port / rank, arbitrary RRC parameters for a specific version (e.g., Rel.18 / 19), etc.

[0315] The UE may also apply operations such as Rel.15 / 16 if it does not support at least one of the specific UE capabilities mentioned above, or if the specific information mentioned above is not set.

[0316] (Note A)

[0317] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[0318] [Note A-1]

[0319] The terminal includes: a receiving unit that receives settings relating to the number or maximum number of layers used in the reception of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) using multiple layers; and a control unit that, based on the settings, controls the reception of the PDCCH using the multiple layers.

[0320] [Note A-2]

[0321] As described in Appendix A-1, in the terminal, the control unit determines that the layer with the smaller or larger number among the plurality of layers has a higher priority.

[0322] [Note A-3]

[0323] As described in Appendix A-1 or Appendix A-2, in the case where the decall reference signal of the PDCCH is not transmitted, the receiving unit receives information related to the precoder applied to the PDCCH, and in the case where the decall reference signal is transmitted, the control unit assumes that the PDCCH and the decall reference signal are transmitted using the same precoder.

[0324] [Note A-4]

[0325] The terminal as described in any one of notes A-1 to A-3, wherein the plurality of layers correspond to different Transmission Setting Indication (TCI) states.

[0326] (Note B)

[0327] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[0328] [Note B-1]

[0329] The terminal includes: a receiving unit for receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), wherein the DMRS is a DMRS mapped using frequency domain orthogonal overlay code (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), frequency domain and time domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and is a DMRS using multiple layers of physical downlink control channels (PDCCH); and a control unit for controlling the reception of the PDCCH based on the DMRS.

[0330] [Postscript B-2]

[0331] As described in Appendix B-1, the control unit determines that the antenna port number for the first layer of the plurality of layers is the same as the antenna port number corresponding to the PDCCH that does not use the plurality of layers.

[0332] [Note B-3]

[0333] As described in Appendix B-1 or Appendix B-2, the receiving unit receives a first setting related to the number of the plurality of layers and a second setting related to the antenna port number corresponding to the PDCCH and the DMRS, and the control unit detects the downlink control information transmitted in the PDCCH based on the first setting and the second setting.

[0334] [Postscript B-4]

[0335] As described in any of Appendix B-1 to Appendix B-3, in a terminal where, in the symbols transmitted using the FDM DMRS or the TDM DMRS, the DMRS symbol corresponding to a specific port is not transmitted, the control unit assumes that the power density in the time resources of the DMRS symbol is equal to the power density in time resources other than the time resources.

[0336] (Wireless communication system)

[0337] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will now be described. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0338] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (also referred to simply as System 1) may also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5GNR) as standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0339] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0340] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0341] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity between NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0342] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration and number of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0343] User terminal 20 may also connect to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0344] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands, definitions, etc. of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also correspond to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0345] In addition, in each CC, the user terminal 20 may also use at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) for communication.

[0346] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic, X2 interface, etc. based on Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI)) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication between base stations 11 and 12 is used as a backhaul, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0347] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0348] The core network 30 may also include, for example, user plane functions (UPF), access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), unified data management (UDM), application functions (AF), data network (DN), location management functions (LMF), and network functions (NF) such as operation, administration and maintenance (OAM). Alternatively, a single network node may provide multiple functions. Furthermore, communication with external networks (e.g., the Internet) may also be conducted via the DN.

[0349] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0350] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[0351] The wireless access method can also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be used in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[0352] As a downlink channel, the wireless communication system 1 can also use downlink shared channels (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), broadcast channels (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), downlink control channels (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) and so on, which are shared among the user terminals 20.

[0353] In addition, as uplink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may also use uplink shared channels (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), uplink control channels (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), random access channels (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) and so on, which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0354] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via the PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via the PUSCH. In addition, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) can also be transmitted via the PBCH.

[0355] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. This lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0356] Additionally, the DCI that schedules PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can be rewritten as DL data, and PUSCH can be rewritten as UL data.

[0357] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[0358] A search space can also correspond to a PDCCH candidate corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", "CORESET setting" etc. disclosed herein can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0359] The PUCCH can also transmit uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) that includes at least one of the following: Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request ACK Knowledge (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR). The PRACH can also transmit random access preambles used for establishing connections with the cell.

[0360] Additionally, in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc., may be described without the word "link". Furthermore, it may be stated that the word "physical" is not included at the beginning of various channels.

[0361] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. In wireless communication system 1, DL-RS can also transmit cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and phase tracking reference signals (PTRS).

[0362] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. can also be called reference signals.

[0363] Furthermore, as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS), measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS) can also be transmitted in the wireless communication system 1. Additionally, DMRS can also be referred to as a user terminal-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0364] (Base station)

[0365] Figure 21 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one manner.

[0366] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the base station 10 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0367] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0368] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[0369] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0370] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0371] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0372] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0373] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0374] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, perform processing at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0375] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0376] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0377] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter, and demodulate the signals of the wireless frequency band received through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 into the baseband signal.

[0378] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, including analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data, etc.

[0379] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0380] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 (e.g., the network node providing the NF), other base stations 10, etc., and can also acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0381] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0382] The transmit / receive unit 120 may also transmit settings related to the number or maximum number of layers used in the reception of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) using multiple layers. The control unit 110 may also use the settings and the multiple layers to control the transmission of the PDCCH (first embodiment).

[0383] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also transmit a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), which is a DMRS mapped using frequency domain orthogonal overlay code (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), frequency domain and time domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and is a DMRS using multiple layers of physical downlink control channels (PDCCH). The control unit 110 may also use the DMRS to indicate the reception processing of the PDCCH (second embodiment).

[0384] (User terminal)

[0385] Figure 22 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may each be provided as one or more.

[0386] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0387] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

[0388] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0389] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0390] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0391] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0392] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[0393] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0394] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[0395] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0396] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing can be based on the settings of transform precoding. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above in order to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. If not, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform the above transmission processing without performing DFT processing.

[0397] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0398] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter, demodulate, etc., the signals of the wireless frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0399] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data.

[0400] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0401] Additionally, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources can be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources can be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. Additionally, CSI-IM can also be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM), and can be interchanged with zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0402] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one transmitting / receiving unit 220 and transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0403] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive settings related to the number or maximum number of layers used in the reception of a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) using multiple layers. The control unit 210 can also control the reception of the PDCCH using the multiple layers based on the settings (first embodiment).

[0404] The control unit 210 can also determine that the layer with a smaller or larger number among the plurality of layers has a higher priority. (First embodiment).

[0405] Even when the decall reference signal for the PDCCH is not transmitted, the transmit / receive unit 220 can still receive information related to the precoder applied to the PDCCH. When the decall reference signal is transmitted, the control unit 210 can also assume that the PDCCH and the decall reference signal are transmitted using the same precoder (fourth embodiment).

[0406] The multiple layers can also correspond to different Transmission Setting Indication (TCI) states (fifth embodiment).

[0407] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), which is a DMRS mapped using frequency domain orthogonal overlay code (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), frequency domain and time domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and is a DMRS using multiple layers of physical downlink control channels (PDCCH). The control unit 210 can also control the reception of the PDCCH based on the DMRS (second embodiment).

[0408] The control unit 210 can also determine that the antenna port number for the first layer among the plurality of layers is the same as the antenna port number corresponding to the PDCCH that does not use the plurality of layers. (Second embodiment).

[0409] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive a first setting related to the number of the plurality of layers, and a second setting related to the antenna port number corresponding to the PDCCH and the DMRS. The control unit 210 may also detect the downlink control information transmitted in the PDCCH based on the first setting and the second setting (second embodiment).

[0410] In cases where the DMRS symbol corresponding to a specific port is not transmitted in the DMRS transmitted using the FDM or the DMRS transmitted using the TDM, the control unit 210 may also assume that the power density in the time resources of the DMRS symbol is equal to the power density in the time resources other than the time resources (third embodiment).

[0411] (Hardware structure)

[0412] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining the aforementioned single device or multiple devices with software.

[0413] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. Each of these, as described above, is not particularly limited in its implementation method.

[0414] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 23 This diagram illustrates an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007.

[0415] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit can be interchanged. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured not to include any of the apparatuses.

[0416] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[0417] Regarding the functions in base station 10 and user terminal 20, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as processor 1001 and memory 1002, so that processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via communication device 1004, or by controlling at least one of reading and writing data in memory 1002 and storage device 1003.

[0418] The processor 1001 enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc., described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0419] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[0420] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0421] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., a compact disc ROM), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk drive, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), magnetic stripe, database, server, or at least one other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0422] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmit / receive unit 120 (220) and transmit / receive antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmit / receive unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by physically or logically separating the transmit unit 120a (220a) and the receive unit 120b (220b).

[0423] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0424] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[0425] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0426] (Modified example)

[0427] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be interchanged. Additionally, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0428] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitute a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0429] Here, the parameter set can also be communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0430] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). In addition, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0431] A time slot can also contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0432] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols in this disclosure can be interchanged.

[0433] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe in existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but rather a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[0434] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0435] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[0436] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also serve as the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0437] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0438] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1 ms.

[0439] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0440] Furthermore, an RB can contain one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0441] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0442] In addition, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0443] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[0444] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (the BWP used by UL) and a DL BWP (the BWP used by DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[0445] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the active BWPs. Additionally, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" in this disclosure may be replaced with "BWP".

[0446] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[0447] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0448] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[0449] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0450] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0451] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[0452] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[0453] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[0454] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a notification of “is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[0455] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[0456] Whether software is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, it should be broadly interpreted to refer to instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0457] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0458] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable. “Network” may also mean devices included in a network (e.g., base stations).

[0459] In this disclosure, the terms “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight (precoding weight)”, “quasi-co-location (QCL)”, “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmit power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “layer”, “number of layers”, “rank”, “resource”, “resource set”, “beam”, “beamwidth”, “beam angle”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, “UE panel”, “transmitting entity”, and “receiving entity” are used interchangeably.

[0460] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the antenna port can also be rewritten with an antenna port used for any signal / channel (e.g., a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, resources can also be rewritten with resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.). Additionally, resources can also include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Moreover, the spatial domain transmission filter can also include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0461] The aforementioned groups may include, for example, at least one of the following: spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal (RS) group, control resource set (CORESET) group, PUCCH group, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), layer group, resource group, beam group, antenna group, panel group, etc.

[0462] Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), RS, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[0463] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, and joint TCI state can also be rewritten to each other.

[0464] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) property", and "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)" can be rewritten interchangeably.

[0465] In this disclosure, indexes, identifiers (IDs), indicators, indications, resource IDs, etc., can be interchanged. Sequences, lists, sets, groups, clusters, subsets, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0466] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) can be interchanged. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" can also be interchanged with "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI states)," "one or more spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI can also be interchanged. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship can also be interchanged.

[0467] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where the terms macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to a base station.

[0468] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0469] In this disclosure, the act of a base station sending information to a terminal can also be rewritten in relation to the act of the base station instructing the terminal to perform control / operation based on that information.

[0470] In this disclosure, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” are used interchangeably.

[0471] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[0472] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0473] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including situations where the body is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships (ships and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[0474] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0475] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, a pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0476] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a steering handle) that steers at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on operation of the steering wheel by the user.

[0477] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0478] The signals from various sensors 50-58 include the following: current signal from current sensor 50 sensing the current of the motor; rotational speed signal of front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by speed sensor 51; air pressure signal of front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by air pressure sensor 52; vehicle speed signal obtained by vehicle speed sensor 53; acceleration signal obtained by acceleration sensor 54; accelerator pedal 43 depress amount signal obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 55; brake pedal 44 depress amount signal obtained by brake pedal sensor 56; shift lever 45 operation signal obtained by shift lever sensor 57; and detection signal obtained by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0479] The information service unit 59 comprises various devices such as a vehicle navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0480] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and output devices (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.) that implement output to the outside.

[0481] The driver assistance system unit 64 comprises various devices used to provide functions for preventing accidents or reducing the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning detectors (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS), etc.), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driver assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0482] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the structural elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) with the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49 of the vehicle 40, and various sensors 50-58 via the communication port 63.

[0483] The communication module 60 can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located both inside and outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device can be, for example, the aforementioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or it can function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0484] The communication module 60 can also wirelessly transmit at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 49 from the various sensors 50-58 described above, the information obtained based on these signals, and the information based on input from an external (user) source obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted via the communication module 60 can also contain information based on the aforementioned inputs.

[0485] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, workshop information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it on the vehicle's information service unit 59. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or the data / information decoded from the PDSCH).

[0486] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various types of information received from external devices into a memory 62 that can be utilized by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, and various sensors 50-58, etc., of the vehicle 40.

[0487] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to structures where communication between the base station and the user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be rewritten as terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be rewritten as sidelink channel.

[0488] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0489] In this disclosure, operations are assumed to be performed by the base station, and sometimes, depending on the circumstances, by its upper node. In a network containing one or more network nodes having a base station, the various operations performed for communication with a terminal can obviously be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[0490] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, timing sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, for the method described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order in which they are indicated is not limited.

[0491] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG, where x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Futuregeneration Radio Access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB)), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other suitable wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems enhanced, modified, created, or specified based on them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., LTE or LTE-A, combinations with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0492] As used in this disclosure, the term "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the term "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0493] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0494] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure can encompass a wide variety of operations. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (search, inquiry) (e.g., searching in a table, database or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[0495] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0496] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". That is, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain operations as making a "judgment (decision)". In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" can also be rewritten in relation to the operations described above.

[0497] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" can also be interchanged with "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Additionally, in this disclosure, "not assuming to proceed..." can also be interchanged with "assuming not to proceed..."

[0498] In this disclosure, "expect" can also be interchanged with "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." (where "..." can also be expressed using a that clause, to infinitive, etc.) can also be interchanged with "be expected ...." "Does not expect..." can also be interchanged with "be not expected...". Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected..." can also be interchanged with "Apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect..." (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[0499] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[0500] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” or all variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually “connected” or “coupled” elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” can also be rewritten as “access.”

[0501] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider using more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc. to be "connected" or "combined" with each other, and as several non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, to use electromagnetic energy with wavelengths having wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region to be "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[0502] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other." Additionally, the term can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0503] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[0504] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0505] In this disclosure, words such as "below," "less than," "above," "more than," and "equal to" can be interchanged. Furthermore, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow," etc., are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, and can be interchanged. Additionally, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow," etc., as expressions with "i" appended (i being any integer), are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, and can be interchanged (for example, "highest" can also be interchanged with "i-th highest").

[0506] In this disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with", etc., can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0507] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "based on A", "B during / while A", "before A", "at the same time as / on A", "after A", "since A", and "until A" can be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, A and B can be replaced with nouns, gerunds, or ordinary sentences, depending on the context. Additionally, the time difference between A and B can be approximately zero (immediately following or immediately preceding). Moreover, a time offset can be applied to the time A occurs. For example, "A" can be rewritten interchangeably with "before / after the time offset of A". This time offset (e.g., more than one symbol / slot) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on the information provided.

[0508] In this disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, arbitrary time unit (e.g., time slot, sub-time slot, symbol, subframe), period, opportunity, resource, etc., can also be overridden.

[0509] The inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein in any way.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The receiving unit receives the demodulation reference signal (DMRS), which is a DMRS mapped using frequency domain orthogonal coverage codes (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), frequency domain and time domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and is a DMRS using multiple layers of physical downlink control channels (PDCCH); and The control unit controls the reception of the PDCCH based on the DMRS.

2. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The control unit determines that the antenna port number for the first layer among the multiple layers is the same as the antenna port number corresponding to the PDCCH that does not use the multiple layers.

3. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The receiving unit receives a first setting related to the number of the plurality of layers, and a second setting related to the antenna port numbers corresponding to the PDCCH and the DMRS. The control unit detects the downlink control information transmitted in the PDCCH based on the first setting and the second setting.

4. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, In the case where a DMRS symbol corresponding to a specific port is not transmitted in the DMRS transmitted using the FDM or the DMRS transmitted using the TDM, the control unit assumes that the power density in the time resources of the DMRS symbol is equal to the power density in the time resources other than the time resources.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The step of receiving the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is as follows: the DMRS is a DMRS mapped using frequency domain orthogonal overlay code (FD-OCC), time domain OCC (TD-OCC), frequency domain and time domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and it is a DMRS using multiple layers of physical downlink control channels (PDCCH); and The steps for controlling the reception of the PDCCH based on the DMRS.

6. A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit transmits a demodulation reference signal, i.e., a DMRS, which is a DMRS mapped using frequency domain orthogonal overlay code FD-OCC, time domain OCC (TD-OCC), frequency domain and time domain OCC, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or time division multiplexing (TDM), and is a DMRS using multiple layers of physical downlink control channels (PDCCH); and The control unit uses the DMRS to instruct the receiving process of the PDCCH.

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