Semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-automatic reaming machine for machining a motor rotor, which comprises a rack, and the rack is provided with a workbench, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a rotor fixing device capable of adjusting clamping force, a reaming device for reaming cast-aluminum rotors with different materials and apertures, and a reaming feeding device capable of adjusting the reaming feeding speed and depth; the workbench is located at the bottom of the rack. The rotor fixing device is located on the upper surface of the workbench. The reaming feeding device and the reaming device are electrically connected with the PLC. The reaming feeding device is located at the end of the machine frame and movably connected with the reaming device through a sliding plate. By the adoption of the special machining device, special machining of rotors of different materials and specifications is achieved, and the special machining device has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, high in machining precision and high in adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of motor rotor machining equipment, and more particularly to a semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining, specifically applicable to the precision reaming process of the center hole and multiple hole sizes of motor rotors. Background Technology

[0002] In the motor manufacturing process, the precision machining accuracy of the motor rotor center hole directly determines the rotor's dynamic balance performance, assembly accuracy, and the overall stability and quietness of the machine's operation. After drilling / reaming the pre-drilled holes in the rotor, a reaming process is required to achieve micron-level precise control of the hole diameter, correction of form and position errors, and high-smoothness hole wall machining. The industry requirements for reaming the motor rotor center hole are: hole diameter tolerance ≤ IT6, coaxiality error ≤ 0.008mm, surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.8μm, and it must be compatible with the batch precision repair needs of rotors made of different materials such as iron core, copper, and aluminum.

[0003] Currently, motor rotor reaming mainly employs either dedicated rotor reaming equipment with manual assistance or simple modifications to general reaming equipment for fine finishing. The operation relies on worker experience to adjust feed speed and pressure. While this represents an improvement over traditional manual operation, it still suffers from core problems such as insufficient centering accuracy, inaccurate feed control, and poor chip removal, failing to meet the high-precision, batch processing requirements of motor rotors.

[0004] 1. Insufficient precision in centering and finishing: Although the clamping structure of the existing rotor reaming equipment is designed for shaft rotors, it does not have a precision centering module for the small cylindrical structure of motor rotors. During the finishing process, the rotor is prone to slight displacement, which leads to excessive coaxiality and roundness errors of the hole, making it impossible to meet the micron-level finishing requirements.

[0005] 2. Micro-feed control failure: Reaming is a micro-finishing process with a single-sided machining allowance of only 0.025~0.1mm. Existing rotor reaming equipment mostly uses cylinder fixed feed or mechanical rigid feed, which cannot achieve micron-level closed-loop feed control. Uneven feed speed and excessive pressure can easily lead to hole wall scratches, hole diameter deviation, or even reamer chipping.

[0006] 3. Poor targeting of debris cleaning: The iron filings produced by reaming are fine and micro-sized, which easily adhere to the hole wall and the reamer blade. Existing equipment does not have a precise micro-screw cleaning design for axial reaming of small diameter motor rotor holes. Residual debris will scratch the hole wall again, reduce the surface finish, and accelerate the wear of the reamer.

[0007] IV. Poor equipment adaptability and versatility: The processing parameters (feed speed, clamping pressure, reamer speed) of existing rotor reaming equipment are fixed, and there is no dedicated parameter control module for different materials of motor rotor iron core (easily deformed), copper (high hardness), and aluminum (easily sticking to the tool). When refining rotors of different materials with a single parameter, problems such as iron core deformation, substandard roughness of copper hole wall, and sticking of aluminum are likely to occur.

[0008] 5. Low automation linkage: Existing rotor reaming equipment only realizes the basic linkage of clamping and reaming, without the design of feeding detection, automatic matching of processing parameters, linkage between chip removal and reaming, and automatic prompting upon completion of processing. There are many manual intervention links, resulting in low processing efficiency and failing to meet the mass production needs of motor rotors.

[0009] VI. Lack of safety protection and tool protection: Some rotor reaming equipment does not have a dedicated safety protection structure, which makes it easy for workers to be caught in the rotating reamer during operation, posing a safety hazard; at the same time, there is no reamer force detection and overload protection structure, which can easily cause the reamer to break or deform when the feed pressure is too high, increasing the production cost of batch processing.

[0010] Several dedicated rotor reaming devices have been disclosed in the prior art, such as "An Automatic Rotor Reaming Device" with authorization announcement number CN208230993U. The patented technology employs a "triangularly distributed clamping cylinder" and a "polyoxymethylene chuck" to achieve rotor centering and clamping. A lifting cylinder drives the workpiece to complete the reaming, replacing manual rotor handling and improving operational safety while reducing labor intensity. Additional features such as height-limiting bolts and guide columns ensure the stability of the feed direction. However, when applied to high-precision reaming of motor rotors, it still has core drawbacks: the equipment uses a fixed-stroke cylinder-driven feed, lacking a micron-level closed-loop control structure. The feed speed is not adjustable, allowing only single-stroke reaming, which cannot adapt to the micro-precision machining needs of motor rotors with different hole diameters and materials, easily leading to hole diameter deviations and hole wall scratches. Furthermore, it lacks a dedicated chip removal structure and clamping pressure adjustment module, failing to effectively remove fine chips to ensure hole wall smoothness and unable to adjust clamping force according to the different characteristics of iron cores and copper rotors, easily resulting in iron core damage or slight clamping deviation of copper rotors. Additionally, the lack of a reamer protection structure leads to rapid reamer chipping and wear, making it difficult to meet batch processing requirements.

[0011] Another patent application, CN212144604U, entitled "An Automatic Rotor Reaming Device," is also available. This patented technology employs a dual-axis cylinder-driven rotor clamping mechanism. Guide post and sleeve cooperation, along with bullseye bearing adjustment, ensures uniform force distribution during the reaming process, resolving the issues of uneven force distribution and hole position misalignment common in traditional reaming equipment. Additionally, the addition of a main spindle movable sleeve and positioning rod enables axial positioning of the reamer, improving the basic stability of the reaming process. However, its application in high-precision reaming of motor rotors still presents several compatibility issues: The equipment uses a rigid mechanical feed structure without displacement detection elements such as gratings, making micron-level precision control of the reaming depth impossible. This results in significant depth errors and fails to meet the high-precision requirement of ≤0.008mm coaxiality of the motor rotor's center hole. Furthermore, the lack of a material-specific parameter control module, with fixed reamer speed and feed rate, leads to a lack of differentiated processing design for easily sticking aluminum rotors and high-hardness copper rotors, resulting in poor processing quality stability. Additionally, the absence of a linked chip removal device means that chip removal and reaming actions are not coordinated, hindering precise cleaning of micro-chips from small-diameter axial reaming holes in motor rotors. Residual chips easily wear down the reamer, affecting processing accuracy. Moreover, the equipment only achieves clamping... The basic linkage of the reaming hole lacks design features such as material loading detection and processing completion prompts, resulting in excessive manual intervention, low processing efficiency, and the absence of a safety protection structure in the operating area, posing a safety risk of hand entanglement.

[0012] The disclosed rotor reaming patent technologies, while specifically designed for rotor reaming and solving some problems associated with traditional manual operation and general equipment processing, achieving basic automation and stability improvements, present a series of comprehensive technical challenges when applied to high-precision reaming of small-diameter center holes in motor rotors. These challenges stem from a lack of specific design considerations for the small cylindrical structure of motor rotors, micron-level precision finishing requirements, differences in precision finishing for different materials, the need for small-diameter chip removal, and batch processing characteristics. These challenges include issues related to precision finishing accuracy, process adaptability, processing efficiency, tool protection, and operational safety. The details are as follows:

[0013] 1. Insufficient micron-level precision control: Both patents use cylinder or mechanical rigid feeding methods without closed-loop micro-feed control and high-precision displacement detection structure. The feeding accuracy and depth control accuracy cannot meet the micron-level requirements of motor rotor reaming. Furthermore, there is no targeted shape and position error correction design, which can easily lead to problems such as excessive coaxiality and roundness, and cannot meet the high-precision machining requirements of motor rotor.

[0014] 2. Lack of process adaptability: Neither of the two patents has designed an adjustable processing parameter module, so it is impossible to adjust key parameters such as clamping pressure, reamer speed, and feed speed according to the characteristics of different materials such as motor rotor iron core, copper, and aluminum. The processing quality is unstable. At the same time, there is no special reamer adaptation structure for small diameter motor rotor holes, resulting in rapid tool wear.

[0015] 3. Poor targeting of micro-chip cleaning: Neither of the two patents has a precise micro-chip cleaning structure for the small-diameter axial reaming hole of the motor rotor. It cannot effectively remove the fine chips attached between the hole wall and the reamer, which can easily cause secondary scratches on the hole wall and wear of the tool, and cannot guarantee the high surface finish of the hole wall.

[0016] 4. Low adaptability to automation and batch processing: The two patents only realize the basic linkage of rotor reaming, without a complete semi-automatic cycle design of loading-centering clamping-parameter matching-reaming-chip removal-unloading. There are many manual intervention links, low processing efficiency, and they cannot meet the automation requirements of batch processing of motor rotors.

[0017] V. Inadequate tool protection and safety safeguards: Neither of the two patents has a reamer force detection and overload protection structure. The reamer is prone to chipping and deformation due to excessive feed pressure or slight rotor misalignment, increasing production costs. At the same time, CN212144604U does not have a safety protection structure for the operating area, and CN208230993U has a simple protection structure. Neither can fundamentally avoid the risk of safety accidents during worker operation.

[0018] In summary, neither existing rotor-specific reaming equipment nor general-purpose reaming equipment can be directly applied to the precision reaming of small-diameter center holes in motor rotors. All types of equipment have specific technical defects for motor rotor machining, and they share comprehensive technical pain points in terms of finishing accuracy, structural adaptation, micro-chip removal, parameter control, and batch efficiency. There is an urgent need to develop a semi-automatic reaming machine specifically designed for the machining characteristics of motor rotors to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve micron-level precision finishing and stable batch processing of center holes in motor rotors.

[0019] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of reaming equipment for motor rotor machining to meet the high-precision, batch reaming precision machining requirements of motor rotors. Summary of the Invention

[0020] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, the core objective of this invention is to provide a semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor processing. By setting up a reaming device that can accurately ream rotors of different materials and hole diameters, and a reaming feed device that can adjust the reaming feed speed and depth, combined with an industrial-grade programmable logic PLC controller, the machine is controlled according to a preset program to achieve customized processing of rotors of different materials and specifications. It features simple operation, high processing accuracy, and strong adaptability.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a semi-automatic reaming machine for machining motor rotors, comprising a frame, a worktable, a PLC controller, a rotor fixing device with adjustable clamping force, a reaming device for reaming rotors of different materials and hole diameters, and a reaming feed device with adjustable reaming feed speed and depth; the worktable is located at the bottom of the frame; the rotor fixing device is located on the upper surface of the worktable; the reaming feed device and the reaming device are electrically connected to the PLC controller respectively; the reaming feed device is located at the end of the frame and is movably connected to the reaming device via a sliding plate.

[0022] Furthermore, the reaming device includes a spindle box, a spindle, a spindle motor, and a drill bit; the spindle box is movably connected to the reaming feed device via a sliding plate; the spindle motor is mounted on the spindle box, with one end electrically connected to the PLC controller and the other end connected to the spindle drive.

[0023] Furthermore, the spindle motor is a variable frequency speed control motor, which is electrically connected to the PLC controller via a frequency converter.

[0024] Furthermore, the reaming feed device includes a spindle feed motor, a lead screw, and a linear slide rail; the spindle feed motor moves radially along the linear slide rail on the lead screw and is movably connected to the spindle box via a slide plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the spindle feed motor is a servo motor and is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0026] Furthermore, the rotor fixing device with adjustable clamping force includes a pneumatic three-jaw chuck and a first solenoid valve; the first solenoid valve is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and under the control of the PLC controller, the control force can be adjusted to adapt to the pneumatic three-jaw chuck.

[0027] Furthermore, the frame is also equipped with a chip blowing device; the chip blowing device is located on the side of the hinge hole device.

[0028] Furthermore, the chip blowing device includes a second solenoid valve, an air pipe, and a nozzle; the air pipe is connected to the nozzle; the second solenoid valve is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and under the control of the PLC controller, the linkage between chip blowing and the reaming hole is ensured.

[0029] Furthermore, the frame is also equipped with a grating limiter; the grating limiter includes a grating ruler and a reading head; the grating ruler is fixed on the frame along the feeding direction of the hinge hole feeding device; the reading head is located on the slide plate and is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0030] Furthermore, a safety light curtain sensor is also provided in front of the operating area of ​​the workbench.

[0031] The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining described in this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0032] I. Addressing the limitations of processing categories and insufficient precision control: A specially designed "reaming device capable of reaming rotors of different materials and hole diameters" and a "reaming feed device with adjustable reaming feed speed and depth" break the limitations of fixed processing parameters. The reaming parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to different materials of the motor rotor (iron core, copper, aluminum, etc.) and different hole diameters, improving the equipment's versatility and practicality for different types of motor rotors and solving the pain point of being unable to process multiple specifications of motor rotors. Simultaneously, combined with a PLC controller, the feed accuracy and depth control accuracy are improved to the micron level, meeting the high-precision requirements of motor rotors.

[0033] II. Solving the problem of insufficient compatibility in processing different materials: By using a rotor fixing device with adjustable clamping force, the appropriate clamping force can be selected for rotors of different materials (iron core, copper, aluminum, etc.) to ensure that the rotor is centered and clamped and provides basic structural support for precise reaming during processing, avoiding problems such as insufficient coaxiality and damage to the rotor core or insulation layer caused by mismatched positioning and clamping.

[0034] Third, improve automation and solve the problem of low processing efficiency: By electrically connecting the PLC controller with the reaming device and the reaming feed device, the linkage control of the reaming action and the feed action can be realized, replacing the traditional manual feeding and positioning operation method. This solves the problems of uneven manual feeding speed, low positioning accuracy and low processing efficiency in the existing technology. At the same time, it provides the control basis for the subsequent semi-automatic cycle of the whole process and meets the batch processing needs of different types of motor rotors.

[0035] IV. Optimize the structural layout and improve the ease of operation: The workbench is located at the bottom of the frame and the drilling feed device is located at the end of the frame. The layout is reasonable and facilitates workers to load and unload materials and operate the equipment. This solves the problem of cumbersome layout and inconvenient operation of some equipment in the existing technology and further improves processing efficiency.

[0036] Specifically, by using a variable frequency speed control motor as the power source for the drilling device, and electrically connecting it to the PLC controller via a frequency converter, the spindle speed can be flexibly adjusted through the PLC controller in conjunction with the frequency converter. This further adapts to the processing requirements of motor rotors with different materials and hole diameters. For example, the speed can be increased for copper rotors with higher hardness, and decreased for easily deformable iron core rotors. This solves the pain point of existing technologies having fixed processing parameters and being unable to adapt to the processing of different materials of motor rotors. At the same time, the variable frequency speed control motor has stable power and low energy consumption, making it suitable for batch processing scenarios, further improving processing efficiency and equipment practicality.

[0037] Furthermore, using a servo motor assembly as the power source for the reaming feed device, in conjunction with a linear guide rail, ensures the smoothness of the reaming feed process. This avoids the feed offset and uneven speed problems caused by cylinder-fixed feed and manual feed in existing technologies, guaranteeing the reaming depth and accuracy, reducing machining defects such as hole position offset and depth deviation, and meeting the micron-level tolerance requirements of the motor rotor. The servo motor is electrically connected to the PLC controller. The servo motor has the advantages of high-precision positioning and adjustable speed. The reaming feed speed and feed depth can be precisely controlled by the PLC controller to achieve closed-loop control of reaming parameters. This solves the pain points of existing technologies, such as the lack of precise feed detection and the inability to accurately control the reaming depth. At the same time, feed parameters can be preset according to rotors of different hole diameters and materials, further improving machining accuracy and versatility, and avoiding problems such as over-travel machining, drill breakage, or workpiece damage.

[0038] Furthermore, a chip blowing device is added to the frame and located on the side of the reaming device. In response to the characteristics of small-diameter axial reaming of the motor rotor and the easy chip jamming in the iron core slot, the chip blowing device can be cleaned in real time during the reaming process. The chip blowing action is controlled by a solenoid valve and a PLC controller to be linked with the reaming process. Chips are blown synchronously during reaming and delayed after reaming to ensure thorough chip cleaning. The nozzle can be accurately aligned with the drilling position, which improves the targeting and effect of cleaning and ensures the stability of processing quality.

[0039] Furthermore, the added optical grating limiter can detect the displacement of the reaming feed in real time and feed the signal back to the PLC controller, realizing precise detection and closed-loop control of the feed displacement. This design can precisely control the reaming depth and feed stroke, avoiding workpiece damage and equipment failure caused by over-travel machining. At the same time, it further improves the accuracy of drilling depth, meets the tolerance requirements of high-precision machining of different types of motor rotors, and solves the problem of insufficient displacement control accuracy in existing technologies.

[0040] Furthermore, a safety light curtain sensor is installed in front of the workbench operating area. When a worker's hand or other body part enters the dangerous operating area, the safety light curtain sensor can immediately detect it and send a signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller quickly controls the equipment to stop and reset, preventing workers from being caught in rotating drill bits, spindles, and other parts, improving the safety of equipment operation, reducing the accident rate, and ensuring the personal safety of operators. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a left view of the semi-automatic reaming machine for machining motor rotors according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a front view of the semi-automatic reaming machine for machining motor rotors according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a right view of the semi-automatic reaming machine for machining motor rotors according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the picture:

[0047] 1: Frame 2: Workbench 3: PLC controller

[0048] 4: Rotor fixing device

[0049] 41: Pneumatic three-jaw chuck

[0050] 5: Reaming device

[0051] 51: Spindle box; 52: Spindle; 53: Spindle motor; 54: Drill bit; 55: Frequency converter

[0052] 6: Reaming feed device

[0053] 61: Spindle feed motor; 62: Linear guide rail; 63: Slide plate; 64: Lead screw

[0054] 7: Chip blowing device

[0055] 71: Air tube; 72: Second solenoid valve; 73: Nozzle

[0056] 8: Grating limiter

[0057] 81: Grating ruler; 82: Reading head

[0058] 9: Safety light curtain sensor; 10: Rotor workpiece Detailed Implementation

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0060] Example:

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor processing of the present invention includes a frame 1, on which a worktable 2, a PLC controller 3, a rotor fixing device 4 with adjustable clamping force, a reaming device 5 for reaming rotors of different materials and hole diameters, and a reaming feed device 6 with adjustable reaming feed speed and depth are provided.

[0062] The frame 1 serves as the installation foundation for the entire equipment and is made of high-strength steel to ensure the stability of the equipment during operation and avoid drilling deviations caused by frame shaking.

[0063] The workbench 2 is located at the bottom of the frame and is made of wear-resistant cast iron. The surface is polished and hardened, and the flatness error is controlled within 0.02mm. It provides a stable installation platform for the rotor fixing device 4 and facilitates the loading and unloading operations of workers.

[0064] The reaming feed device 6 and the reaming device 5 are electrically connected to the PLC controller 3 respectively; the reaming feed device 6 is located at the end of the frame 1 and is movably connected to the reaming device 5 through the slide plate 63.

[0065] The PLC controller 3 is installed on the side of the frame 1, which facilitates worker operation and parameter setting. Its core function is to realize the linkage control of the reaming device 5, the reaming feed device 6 and the rotor fixing device 4. It presets multiple sets of processing parameters to adapt to the processing of motor rotors with different materials and hole diameters, thereby improving the automation linkage.

[0066] The reaming device 5, used for precise reaming of rotors of different materials and hole diameters, includes a spindle box 51, a spindle 52, a spindle motor 53, and a drill bit 54. The spindle box 51 is movably connected to the drilling feed device 6 via a slide plate 63. The spindle motor 51 is mounted on the spindle box 51, with one end electrically connected to the PLC controller 3 and the other end drively connected to the spindle 52. The spindle motor 53 is preferably a three-phase asynchronous motor and is electrically connected to the PLC controller 3 via a frequency converter 55.

[0067] The drill bit 54 is replaceable according to processing requirements (suitable for hole diameters of 2-10mm), and is made of cemented carbide to improve wear resistance and precision during reaming. The spindle motor 53 is a variable frequency speed control motor, which is electrically connected to the PLC controller 3 through a frequency converter 55. The frequency converter 55 can realize stepless adjustment of the spindle speed. In specific use, the speed can be flexibly adjusted according to the material of the motor rotor: when processing cast copper iron core rotors, the speed is adjusted to 1000-2000r / min to improve drilling efficiency; when processing cast aluminum iron core rotors, the speed is adjusted to 500-1000r / min to avoid iron core deformation. At the same time, the variable frequency speed control motor has stable power and low energy consumption, making it suitable for batch processing scenarios.

[0068] The reaming feed device 6 includes a spindle feed motor 61, a linear slide rail 62, and a lead screw 64; the spindle feed motor 61 moves radially along the linear slide rail on the lead screw 64 and is movably connected to the spindle box 51 via a slide plate 63. The spindle feed motor 61 is preferably a servo motor and is electrically connected to the PLC controller 3.

[0069] Guided by the linear guide rail 62, the reaming device 5 is driven to achieve stable feeding, ensuring the coaxiality of the drill bit 54 and the rotor center during reaming, further improving machining accuracy. This avoids the problems of feed offset and uneven speed caused by cylinder fixed feed and manual feed in the prior art. The spindle feed motor 61 is preferably a servo motor, electrically connected to the PLC controller 3. The servo motor has the advantages of high-precision positioning and adjustable speed. The drilling feed speed (adjustable range is 0.1-10mm / s) and feed depth (adjustable range is 5-100mm) can be precisely controlled by the PLC controller 3 to achieve closed-loop control of drilling parameters. This solves the pain points of the prior art of lacking precise feed detection and being unable to accurately control the drilling depth, and avoids problems such as over-travel processing, drill bit breakage, or workpiece damage.

[0070] The rotor fixing device 4 is located on the upper surface of the workbench 2, and includes a pneumatic three-jaw chuck 41 and a first solenoid valve (not shown in the figure). The first solenoid valve is electrically connected to the PLC controller 3, and under the control of the PLC controller 3, the control force can be adjusted to adapt to the pneumatic three-jaw chuck. The three-jaw chuck 41 uses vise jaws arranged in a triangular pattern, and the jaws are wrapped with soft rubber to avoid damaging the rotor during clamping. The first solenoid valve is controlled by the PLC controller 3 to achieve the clamping and releasing of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 41.

[0071] During implementation, after the worker places the motor rotor workpiece 10 between the three-jaw chucks 41, the PLC controller 3 sends a control signal to activate the first solenoid valve, and the three-jaw chuck 41 achieves centering clamping. The clamping force can be preset and adjusted by the PLC controller 3 (the adjustment range is 0.5-2MPa) to adapt to motor rotors of different sizes, ensuring the coaxiality of the rotor center hole machining, and solving the core problems of mismatched positioning and clamping and insufficient coaxiality in the background technology.

[0072] The frame is also equipped with a chip blowing device 7, which is located on the side of the drilling device. The chip blowing device includes an air pipe 71, a second solenoid valve 72, and a nozzle 73; the air pipe 71 is connected to the nozzle 73; the second solenoid valve 72 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 3, and under the control of the PLC controller 3, it ensures the linkage between chip blowing and drilling. The air compressor is the air source for the entire plant, and the second solenoid valve 72 is connected to the air source under the control of the PLC controller 3. The air source continuously supplies compressed gas, and the second solenoid valve is responsible for opening and closing, maintaining linkage with the chip blowing action.

[0073] The nozzle 73 is adjustable in angle to precisely align with the reaming position. The second solenoid valve 72 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 3 to achieve linkage control with the reaming operation: when drilling begins, the PLC controller 3 controls the solenoid valve to start, and the nozzle 73 synchronously sprays high-pressure gas to clean up the iron filings generated during the reaming process in real time. After reaming is completed, the second solenoid valve 72 closes after a delay of 3-5 seconds to ensure thorough cleaning of iron filings, solve the problem of poor targeting of the blowing structure, avoid iron filings remaining and scratching the hole wall, affecting the processing quality, and at the same time reduce the wear of iron filings on the moving parts of the equipment, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0074] The frame 1 is also equipped with a grating limiter 8, which includes a grating ruler 81 and a reading head 82. The grating ruler 81 is fixed on the frame 1 along the feeding direction of the reaming feed device 6. The reading head 82 is located on the slide plate and is electrically connected to the PLC controller. It transmits the position signal of the spindle 52 to the PLC controller 3 for signal discrimination processing. The grating ruler 81 is fixed on the frame 1 along the feeding direction of the reaming feed device 6. The reading head 82 is located on the slide plate 63.

[0075] In actual operation, the reading head 82 reads the displacement signal of the grating ruler 81 in real time and feeds it back to the PLC controller 3. The PLC controller 3 adjusts the operation of the spindle feed motor 61 in real time according to the preset drilling depth, so as to realize the accurate detection and closed-loop control of the feed displacement, solve the problem of insufficient displacement control accuracy and easy overtravel processing, and ensure that the drilling depth error is controlled within ±0.01mm, which meets the processing requirements of micron-level tolerance of motor rotor.

[0076] To enhance safety, a safety light curtain sensor 9 is installed in front of the operating area of ​​the workbench 2. It is preferably an infrared safety light curtain, with a detection range matching the operating area of ​​the workbench 2, and is electrically connected to the PLC controller 3. In practice, when a worker's hand or other body part enters the hazardous operating area (i.e., the area where the drill bit 54 rotates and feeds), the safety light curtain sensor 9 immediately detects an obstruction signal and quickly sends it to the PLC controller 3. Within 0.01 seconds, the PLC controller 3 controls the spindle motor 53 and spindle feed motor 61 to stop operating, and closes the solenoid valve to prevent the worker from being caught in the rotating drill bit 54, spindle 52, or other components. This avoids safety issues and frequent accidents, improves the safety of equipment operation, and protects the personal safety of operators.

[0077] The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining described in this invention features simple operation, high precision, strong adaptability, low reamer wear, and good safety. In actual production, the specific steps are as follows:

[0078] Process Start-up: The equipment starts up and enters the initial operation phase.

[0079] PLC System Initialization: PLC Controller 3 starts the system initialization program to complete the startup and parameter loading of its own system, providing a control basis for subsequent equipment operation.

[0080] Parameter self-check and zeroing: PLC controller 3 automatically checks all preset processing parameters of the equipment to confirm that there are no abnormalities in the parameters; at the same time, it controls each moving part (slide plate 63 of reaming feed device 6, drill bit 54 of reaming device 5, etc.) to return to the zero position to ensure that the equipment is in the initial standard state.

[0081] Placing the rotor workpiece: The operator places the rotor workpiece 10 to be processed on the workpiece fixing device 4 and uses the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 41 to ensure that the rotor is placed stably and accurately.

[0082] Start the equipment: The operator presses the equipment start button to trigger the equipment to enter the processing flow.

[0083] Safety light curtain detection: Safety light curtain sensor 9 starts to detect the hand situation in the operation area in real time to determine whether there is a hand in the operation area.

[0084] Logical judgment (hand detection): If a hand is detected in the operating area (judgment result is "yes"): the system immediately issues an alarm signal and controls the entire equipment to stop to avoid safety accidents; after the operator troubleshoots the fault (hand leaves the operating area), press the reset button, the equipment returns to the state before the shutdown, and re-enters the detection process.

[0085] If no human presence is detected in the operating area (the result is "No"): the equipment proceeds normally to the next step of the operation.

[0086] Rotor clamping: PLC controller 3 sends a control signal to control the action of the gripper 42 of workpiece fixing device 4 to firmly clamp the motor rotor on the workstation, ensuring that the rotor does not loosen or deviate during the processing.

[0087] Spindle motor start: PLC controller 3 controls the spindle motor 53 of drilling device 5 to start, and sets the spindle speed 52 according to preset parameters to prepare for reaming operation.

[0088] Spindle feed start: PLC controller 3 controls the spindle feed motor 61 of the reaming feed device 6 to start, adopting servo control mode, driving the slide plate 63 and the reaming device 5 to feed in the direction of the rotor.

[0089] Chip blowing device activated: PLC controller 3 controls chip blowing device 7 to start, so that nozzle 73 starts to spray high-pressure gas to clean the iron chips generated during the reaming process in real time, so as to avoid iron chip residue affecting the processing quality.

[0090] Spindle travel detection: The grating limiter 8 starts to detect the feed travel of the spindle (drilling device 5) in real time to determine whether the drilling depth has reached the preset requirements.

[0091] Logical judgment (stroke completion detection): If the spindle 52 stroke does not reach the preset requirement (judgment result is "no"): the spindle feed motor 61 continues to drive the spindle feed, the chip blowing device 7 continues to blow chips, and the grating limiter 8 continues to detect the stroke until the preset depth is reached.

[0092] If the spindle 52 travel reaches the preset requirement (judgment result is "yes"): the subsequent operation after the equipment enters the reaming hole.

[0093] Equipment shutdown: PLC controller 3 controls the spindle feed motor 61 to stop feeding, and at the same time controls the spindle motor 53 to stop running, ending the reaming operation.

[0094] Chip blowing device shut down: PLC controller 3 controls chip blowing device 7 to stop working, ending the chip blowing process.

[0095] Rotor release: PLC controller 3 sends a control signal to control the gripper 42 of workpiece fixing device 4 to release the clamping of the processed rotor.

[0096] Processing prompt: The processing completion indicator light illuminates, prompting the operator that the rotor processing is complete.

[0097] Remove the workpiece: After seeing the prompt, the operator removes the finished motor rotor from the workstation.

[0098] Process End / Standby: After the workpiece is removed, the equipment enters standby mode and can proceed with the processing of the next rotor; if no further processing is required, the equipment completes the entire process and stops.

[0099] The embodiments described above are merely for illustrating the technical ideas and features of this invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this invention. That is, all equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of this invention should still be covered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic reaming machine for machining motor rotors, comprising a frame, characterized in that: The frame is equipped with a worktable, a PLC controller, a rotor fixing device with adjustable clamping force, a reaming device for reaming rotors of different materials and hole diameters, and a drilling feed device with adjustable reaming feed speed and depth. The workbench is located at the bottom of the frame; The rotor fixing device is located on the upper surface of the workbench; The reaming feed device and the reaming device are respectively electrically connected to the PLC controller; The reaming feed device is located at the end of the frame and is movably connected to the reaming device via a sliding plate.

2. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaming device includes a spindle box, a spindle, a spindle motor, and a drill bit; The spindle box is movably connected to the reaming feed device via a sliding plate; The spindle motor is mounted on the spindle box, with one end electrically connected to the PLC controller and the other end connected to the spindle drive.

3. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spindle motor is a variable frequency speed control motor and is electrically connected to the PLC controller through a frequency converter.

4. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaming feed device includes a spindle feed motor, a lead screw, and a linear guide rail; The spindle feed motor moves radially along a linear slide rail on the lead screw and is movably connected to the spindle box via a sliding plate.

5. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spindle feed motor is a servo motor and is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

6. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor fixing device with adjustable clamping force includes a pneumatic three-jaw chuck and a first solenoid valve. The first solenoid valve is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and under the control of the PLC controller, the control force can be adjusted to adapt to the pneumatic three-jaw chuck.

7. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame is also equipped with a chip blowing device; The chip blowing device is located on the side of the hinge hole device.

8. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The chip blowing device includes a second solenoid valve, an air pipe, and a nozzle; The air tube is connected to the nozzle; The second solenoid valve is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and under the control of the PLC controller, it ensures the linkage between the chip blowing and the reaming hole.

9. The semi-automatic reaming machine for machining motor rotors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is also equipped with a grating limiter; The grating limiter includes a grating ruler and a reading head; The grating ruler is fixed on the frame along the feeding direction of the hinge hole feeding device; The reading head is located on the slide plate and is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

10. The semi-automatic reaming machine for motor rotor machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety light curtain sensor is also installed in front of the operating area of ​​the workbench.

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