Three-gun automatic gas shield welding surface treatment device for automobile rim

Abstract

The invention provides a three-gun automatic gas shield welding surface treatment device for an automobile rim, and relates to the field of rim machining, the three-gun automatic gas shield welding surface treatment device comprises a control cabinet, a rim driving mechanism, a three-axis displacement mechanism, a hollow shaft rod, a movable end fixedly mounted on the three-axis displacement mechanism, a movable end fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the control cabinet and a movable end fixedly mounted on the movable end of the three-axis displacement mechanism, the outer wall of the hollow shaft rod is rotationally connected with a floating swing arm through a bearing, one end of the floating swing arm is rotationally connected with a double-arm connecting rod, the two ends of the double-arm connecting rod are provided with a grinding assembly and a welding assembly respectively, and a damping buffering assembly and a grinding state detecting unit are further arranged between the floating swing arm and the hollow shaft rod. The grinding and welding functions are integrated on the same station, rapid switching is achieved through the electric push rod, time waste caused by frequent tool replacement or station transfer is avoided, the welding assembly is detachably connected through the bolt and is convenient to replace, and the grinding ball head is connected in a buckle inserting and pulling mode and is more convenient to replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wheel rim processing, and more specifically, to a surface treatment device for automotive wheel rims using a three-gun automatic gas shielded welding system. Background Technology

[0002] As an important component of the wheel, the welding quality of automobile wheel rims is directly related to driving safety. The production process of wheel rims usually involves two steps: welding and grinding.

[0003] Existing processing equipment often separates welding and grinding, requiring manual handling of workpieces between different workstations. In addition, the rim surface has high flatness requirements, and traditional grinding equipment lacks flexible control and real-time detection of grinding force, which can easily lead to uneven grinding or damage to the workpiece.

[0004] Therefore, we have made improvements to this and proposed a surface treatment device for automotive wheel rims using a three-gun automatic gas shielded welding system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated device that integrates welding and grinding, and has flexible buffering and condition detection functions.

[0006] The application is as follows: The system includes a control cabinet, the inner wall of which is equipped with fixed supports and sliding supports. The sliding supports are driven by a drive mechanism to slide relative to the fixed supports to assemble and disassemble wheel rims. The system also includes: A rim drive mechanism, comprising a rim positioning shaft rotatably connected to a fixed support via bearings, a rim drive shaft rotatably connected to a sliding support via bearings, and a servo motor mounted on the sliding support for driving the rim drive shaft to rotate; The three-axis displacement mechanism consists of three sets, which are respectively installed on the fixed support, the sliding support, and the control cabinet to correspond to the left, right, and outer sides of the wheel rim. A hollow shaft is fixedly installed on the moving end of a three-axis displacement mechanism. A floating swing arm is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the hollow shaft via bearings. A double-arm connecting rod is rotatably connected to one end of the floating swing arm. A grinding assembly and a welding assembly are respectively assembled at both ends of the double-arm connecting rod. The double-arm connecting rod and the floating swing arm are connected by an electric push rod. The electric push rod is used to drive the grinding assembly and the welding assembly to switch positions, so as to alternately perform grinding or welding on the car wheel rim. A damping buffer assembly and a grinding status detection unit are also provided between the floating swing arm and the hollow shaft. The damping buffer assembly is used to provide flexible compensation in the radial direction, and the grinding status detection unit is used to detect the degree of grinding of the grinding assembly during the working process.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the driving mechanism includes a guide rail fixedly installed inside the control cabinet, a slider fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding support, and a pneumatic push rod fixedly installed inside the control cabinet. The output end of the pneumatic push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding support, and the sliding support is slidably installed on the top of the guide rail via the slider.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the sliding support and the fixed support are further provided with through holes for the rim drive shaft and the rim positioning shaft to pass through, and a bearing turntable is installed in the through hole. The rim can rotate relative to the sliding support and the fixed support by contacting the bearing turntable.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the triaxial displacement mechanism includes a horizontally arranged X-axis lead screw module, a Y-axis lead screw module mounted on the slide of the X-axis lead screw module, and a Z-axis lead screw module mounted on the slide of the Y-axis lead screw module.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the bottom end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the floating swing arm, the top end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the double-arm connecting rod, and the grinding assembly and welding assembly are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the double-arm connecting rod.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the welding assembly includes a gas shielded welding torch and a welding torch holder for fixing the gas shielded welding torch. The welding torch holder is detachably connected to the double-arm connecting rod by bolts.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the grinding assembly includes a plastic buckle and a grinding ball head fixedly installed on the side wall of the double-arm connecting rod. The side wall of the grinding ball head has a socket, and the side wall of the socket has a slot adapted to the plastic buckle.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the damping buffer assembly includes a hexagonal turntable fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow shaft, the inner side wall of the floating swing arm has a hexagonal slot chamber, the center of the side wall of the hexagonal turntable corresponds to the apex corner of the hexagonal slot chamber, the damping buffer assembly further includes a damping element filled between the hexagonal slot chamber and the hexagonal turntable, the damping element has a triangular structure, the apex corner of the damping element corresponds to the apex corner of the hexagonal slot chamber, and the bottom edge of the damping element corresponds to the side wall of the hexagonal turntable; The damping element has a groove on its sidewall, and the interior of the hexagonal slot chamber has a protrusion that matches the groove to limit the displacement direction of the damping element and prevent it from being misaligned. The side wall of the floating swing arm is also detachably connected to a circular top plate by bolts. The initial preload of the damping element can be changed by adjusting the gap between the circular top plate and the floating swing arm by bolts.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the grinding status detection unit includes an arc-shaped resistance wire column fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating swing arm, a metal rod arranged parallel to the arc-shaped resistance wire column, and a conductive slider slidably connected to the side wall of the metal rod. The metal rod and the arc-shaped resistance wire column are connected to an ammeter and a computer host through wires. A connecting rod is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow shaft rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the conductive slider. When the floating swing arm rotates, the position of the conductive slider can be adjusted by the connecting rod to change the current magnitude.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the scheme of this application: 1. The three sets of three-axis displacement mechanisms realize full coverage processing of the left, right and outer sides of the rim, eliminating processing dead angles, integrating grinding and welding functions into the same station, and realizing quick switching through electric push rods, avoiding the time waste of frequent tool changes or station transfers. The welding components are connected by bolts for easy replacement, and the grinding ball head is connected by a snap-fit ​​plug-in method for more convenient replacement. 2. During the grinding process, when the unevenness of the rim surface causes a sudden change in grinding pressure, the floating swing arm will produce a slight radial oscillation. At this time, the hexagonal turntable squeezes the triangular damping element, using its elastic deformation to absorb the impact energy and achieve "flexible grinding". When this structure is under force, the deformation characteristics of the triangle and the constraint of the hexagon work together to provide a special damping effect that is nonlinear and increases in stiffness with increasing deformation. This is better than ordinary springs or linear damping and can effectively prevent "overcutting" during grinding. 3. When encountering weld beads or unevenness during grinding, the swing arm moves the conductive slider, changing the resistance value of the circuit. The current in this circuit changes, and the swing amplitude of the swing arm is calculated based on the change in current, thereby deduce the grinding pressure and grinding depth. After grinding, if the current still fluctuates, it can be clearly determined that the rim grinding has failed or the welding is insufficient, and no further screening after grinding is required. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application; Figure 2 A side view of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile rims provided in this application; Figure 3 A partial rear view of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the floating swing arm along the grinding state detection unit of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second state structure of the floating swing arm of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile rims provided in this application; Figure 6 The surface treatment apparatus for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the floating swing arm and the three-axis displacement mechanism of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application; Figure 8 A disassembled structural diagram of the floating swing arm and the three-axis displacement mechanism of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the floating swing arm of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application along the damping buffer assembly; Figure 10 The surface treatment apparatus for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the side view structure; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the grinding status detection unit of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of the surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile rims provided in this application; Figure 13 The surface treatment apparatus for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims provided in this application Figure 12 A partial structural diagram; Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the fit between the grinding component and the rim of the surface treatment device for the three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile rims provided in this application.

[0017] The image shows: 10. Control cabinet; 11. Fixed support; 12. Sliding support; 13. Drive mechanism; 131. Guide rail; 132. Slider; 133. Pneumatic push rod; 14. Bearing turntable; 20. Rim drive mechanism; 21. Rim positioning shaft; 22. Rim drive shaft; 23. Servo motor; 30. Three-axis displacement mechanism; 31. X-axis lead screw module; 32. Y-axis lead screw module; 33. Z-axis lead screw module; 40. Hollow shaft; 41. Floating swing arm; 42. Double arm connecting rod; 43. Grinding assembly; 431. Plastic buckle; 432. Grinding ball head; 433. Socket; 44. Welding assembly; 45. Electric push rod; 50. Damping buffer assembly; 51. Hexagonal turntable; 52. Damping element; 53. Circular top plate; 60. Grinding status detection unit; 61. Arc-shaped resistance wire column; 62. Metal rod; 63. Conductive slider; 64. Ammeter; 65. Computer host; 66. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely illustrates some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1 to 14 This invention provides a technical solution: a surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims, including a control cabinet 10, with a fixed support 11 and a sliding support 12 installed on the inner side wall of the control cabinet 10. The sliding support 12 is driven by a drive mechanism 13 to slide relative to the fixed support 11 for assembling and disassembling the wheel rim. The device also includes: The rim drive mechanism 20 includes a rim positioning shaft 21 rotatably connected to a fixed support 11 via a bearing, a rim drive shaft 22 rotatably connected to a sliding support 12 via a bearing, and a servo motor 23 mounted on the sliding support 12 for driving the rim drive shaft 22 to rotate. The three-axis displacement mechanism 30 consists of three sets, which are respectively installed on the fixed support 11, the sliding support 12 and the control cabinet 10 to correspond to the left, right and outer sides of the wheel rim. A hollow shaft 40 is fixedly installed on the moving end of the three-axis displacement mechanism 30. The length of the hollow shaft 40 can be designed according to the different wheel rim sizes in actual use, so as to better fit the wheel rim. The outer wall of the hollow shaft 40 is rotatably connected to a floating swing arm 41 through a bearing. One end of the floating swing arm 41 is rotatably connected to a double-arm connecting rod 42. The two ends of the double-arm connecting rod 42 are respectively equipped with a grinding component 43 and a welding component 44. The double-arm connecting rod 42 and the floating swing arm 41 are connected by an electric push rod 45. The electric push rod 45 is used to drive the grinding component 43 and the welding component 44 to switch positions, so as to alternately grind or weld the car wheel rim. A damping buffer assembly 50 and a grinding status detection unit 60 are also provided between the floating swing arm 41 and the hollow shaft 40. The damping buffer assembly 50 is used to provide flexible compensation in the radial direction, and the grinding status detection unit 60 is used to detect the grinding degree of the grinding assembly 43 during the working process.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the drive mechanism 13 further includes a guide rail 131 fixedly installed inside the control cabinet 10, a slider 132 fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding support 12, and a pneumatic push rod 133 fixedly installed inside the control cabinet 10. The output end of the pneumatic push rod 133 is fixedly connected to the sliding support 12, and the sliding support 12 is slidably installed on the top of the guide rail 131 through the slider 132.

[0022] After receiving the control signal, the pneumatic push rod 133 reciprocates linearly, directly pushing or pulling the sliding support 12. The sliding support 12 slides on the guide rail 131 via the slider 132 at its bottom, achieving smooth, linear movement relative to the fixed support 11 until the rim drive shaft 22 on the sliding support 12 inserts into the rim positioning shaft 21, completing the precise centering and axial clamping of the rim. The guide rail slider pair ensures the linear accuracy and smoothness of the movement. The pneumatic drive method has a fast response speed and great force, enabling the rapid and reliable clamping of the rim. During the processing, the servo motor 23 drives the rim drive shaft 22 to rotate according to the preset program, thereby causing the clamped rim to rotate precisely and controllably around its axis, so as to process different circumferential positions of the rim.

[0023] Furthermore, the rim drive shaft 22 is connected to the rim positioning shaft 21 by a key, and the rim positioning shaft 21 has a shape that fits the rim, so that the rim will not rotate on the rim positioning shaft 21, but can only rotate with the rotation of the rim positioning shaft 21.

[0024] The sliding support 12 and the fixed support 11 are provided with through holes on opposite sides for the rim drive shaft 22 and the rim positioning shaft 21 to pass through, and a bearing turntable 14 is installed in the through hole. The rim can rotate relative to the sliding support 12 and the fixed support 11 by contacting the bearing turntable 14.

[0025] Specifically, the fixed plate of the bearing turntable 14 is fixedly installed on the sliding support 12 and the fixed support 11. The rotating plate of the bearing turntable 14 is in contact with the rim, thereby ensuring the stability of the rim and preventing wear on the rim during grinding and welding.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the three-axis displacement mechanism 30 further includes a horizontally arranged X-axis lead screw module 31, a Y-axis lead screw module 32 mounted on the slide of the X-axis lead screw module 31, and a Z-axis lead screw module 33 mounted on the slide of the Y-axis lead screw module 32.

[0027] The X-axis lead screw module 31, Y-axis lead screw module 32 and Y-axis lead screw module 32 can move at any point in the three-axis space. The X-axis lead screw module 31, Y-axis lead screw module 32 and Y-axis lead screw module 32 can be selected as manual lead screw modules or electric lead screw modules.

[0028] In this embodiment, an electric lead screw module is preferred. During the processing, the control system such as a PLC or CNC system in the control cabinet 10 issues commands to drive the servo motors of the X-axis lead screw module 31, Y-axis lead screw module 32 and Z-axis lead screw module 33 respectively, so that the processing head, i.e. the hollow shaft 40 assembly, installed on the moving end of each group of three-axis displacement mechanisms 30 can achieve precise linear interpolation motion in three-dimensional space. The three groups of mechanisms can work independently or collaboratively, respectively controlling the three processing heads located on the left, right and outer sides of the rim, so that they can reach their respective predetermined processing positions simultaneously or sequentially.

[0029] The three sets of three-axis displacement mechanisms 30 realize full coverage processing of the left, right and outer sides of the wheel rim, eliminating the processing dead angles of traditional single gun or fixed station equipment, and significantly improving processing efficiency and consistency. Among them, the X-axis lead screw module 31 in the three-axis displacement mechanism 30 on the left is mounted on a fixed support and arranged horizontally outward in the width direction of the control cabinet 10. The X-axis lead screw module 31 in the three-axis displacement mechanism 30 on the right is mounted on a sliding support 12 and arranged horizontally outward in the width direction of the control cabinet 10. The X-axis lead screw module 31 in the three-axis displacement mechanism 30 on the outer side is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the control cabinet 10 by a bracket (in actual use, a pneumatic push rod can be used instead. When a pneumatic push rod is used, the cylinder of the pneumatic push rod is mounted on the inner top wall of the control cabinet 10, and the output end is connected to the three-axis displacement mechanism 30, so as to facilitate the up and down movement of the entire three-axis displacement mechanism 30) and arranged horizontally inward in the length direction of the control mechanism 10. The three-axis displacement mechanism 30 on the left and the three-axis displacement mechanism 30 on the right and their components are arranged symmetrically with respect to the rim.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the bottom end of the electric push rod 45 is rotatably connected to the floating swing arm 41, the top end of the electric push rod 45 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the double-arm connecting rod 42, and the grinding assembly 43 and the welding assembly 44 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the double-arm connecting rod 42.

[0031] Specifically, the electric push rod 45 retracts, pulling its upper end to the connection point with the double-arm connecting rod 42, causing the double-arm connecting rod 42 to rotate around its rotational connection point with the floating swing arm 41. This rotational motion causes the grinding component 43 mounted on one end of the double-arm connecting rod 42 to rise to the working position and contact the rim surface, while simultaneously raising the welding component 44 mounted on the other end to a non-working clearance position. When it is necessary to switch to the welding process, the electric push rod 45 extends, pushing the welding component 44 to the working position, while simultaneously lowering the grinding component 43.

[0032] By integrating pre-weld cleaning, post-weld grinding, and welding functions into the same machine head, and using an electric push rod to achieve rapid and automatic switching between the two tools, the tedious steps of transferring, repositioning, and clamping workpieces between different devices are eliminated, realizing "one machine for two purposes" and significantly shortening the total processing time and production cycle of a single workpiece.

[0033] The welding assembly 44 includes a gas shielded welding torch and a welding torch holder for fixing the gas shielded welding torch. The welding torch holder is detachably connected to the double-arm connecting rod 42 by bolts.

[0034] Assembly is completed by threading the bolt through the double-arm connecting rod 42 and fixing it to the welding gun holder. Disassembly is simple; just remove the bolt to remove the welding gun, making it easy to replace different welding guns.

[0035] The grinding assembly 43 includes a plastic buckle 431 and a grinding ball head 432 that are fixedly installed on the side wall of the double arm connecting rod 42. The side wall of the grinding ball head 432 has a socket 433, and the side wall of the socket 433 has a slot that is adapted to the plastic buckle 431.

[0036] Specifically, when replacing the grinding ball head, simply press the plastic buckle 431 firmly so that it retracts into the socket 433. Remove the old grinding ball head 432 from the plastic buckle 431, then align the socket 433 of the new grinding ball head with the plastic buckle 431 and press firmly. A "click" sound indicates that the buckle is locked in place.

[0037] The snap-on quick-change structure makes it extremely convenient to replace the worn grinding ball head 432. No tools are required, and the replacement can be completed in seconds, which greatly reduces equipment downtime for maintenance and improves production efficiency and ease of use.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the damping buffer assembly 50 further includes a hexagonal turntable 51 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow shaft 40, the inner side wall of the floating swing arm 41 has a hexagonal slot chamber, the center of the side wall of the hexagonal turntable 51 corresponds to the apex of the hexagonal slot chamber, the damping buffer assembly 50 also includes a damping element 52 filled between the hexagonal slot chamber and the hexagonal turntable 51, the damping element 52 has a triangular structure, the apex of the damping element 52 corresponds to the apex of the hexagonal slot chamber, and the bottom edge of the damping element 52 corresponds to the side wall of the hexagonal turntable 51; The damping element 52 has a groove on its side wall, and the interior of the hexagonal slot chamber has a protrusion that matches the groove to limit the displacement direction of the damping element 52 and prevent it from being misaligned. The addition of grooves and protrusions restricts the displacement direction of the damping element 52, preventing it from becoming misaligned during high-speed rotating grinding, while also increasing the friction damping effect. The side wall of the floating swing arm 41 is also detachably connected to a circular top plate 53 by bolts. The initial preload of the damping element 52 can be changed by adjusting the gap between the circular top plate 53 and the floating swing arm 41 by bolts. The inner side wall of the circular top plate 53 has protrusions corresponding to the damping element 52 to achieve lateral compression of the damping element 52. The circular top plate 53 extends into the interior of the floating swing arm 41 and is engaged by insertion and removal.

[0039] Specifically, during the grinding process, when the grinding ball head 432 encounters weld protrusions, burrs, or slight unevenness on the rim surface, it will be subjected to a sudden radial reaction force. When the grinding ball head 432 is subjected to radial reaction force, the floating swing arm 41 will rotate radially around the bearing (i.e., the core of the hollow shaft 40 moves away from the rim). At this time, the fixed hexagonal turntable 51 will squeeze and fill the triangular damping element 52 between itself and the hexagonal groove. The damping element undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing the impact energy and realizing flexible grinding. When the impact force disappears, the damping element 52, which has undergone elastic deformation, will release its stored elastic potential energy and generate a restoring force. This restoring force acts on the floating swing arm 41, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction around the bearing (i.e., the core of the hollow shaft 40 moves towards the rim) and automatically return to the initial equilibrium position, thereby maintaining the stability of the grinding pressure. This achieves passive flexible compensation and automatic reset.

[0040] The damping element 52 is usually made of high-molecular elastic materials such as polyurethane and rubber. The elastic deformation can effectively absorb impact energy and transform rigid collisions into flexible contact, avoiding over-grinding, workpiece surface damage or tool damage caused by sudden pressure changes. When this structure is under force, the deformation characteristics of the triangle and the constraint of the hexagon work together to provide a special damping effect that is nonlinear and increases in stiffness with increasing deformation. This is better than ordinary springs or linear damping and can effectively prevent "overcutting" during grinding. After the impact force disappears, the floating swing arm 41 can automatically return to its original position under the elastic restoring force of the damping element 52, maintaining the stability of the grinding pressure. Furthermore, the above structure enables the floating swing arm 41 to not only swing outward, but also swing inward when encountering a depression, in order to determine that the weld is not solid and has a depression defect.

[0041] During grinding, the following problems usually occur: the rim blank has inherent ovality or uneven wall thickness, and grinding according to the ideal trajectory will cause uneven pressure.

[0042] When the grinding pressure in a certain area is detected to be continuously higher than the set threshold, the algorithm determines that this is a "high point" or "weld bead". The system automatically fine-tunes the motion trajectory of the three-axis displacement mechanism, so that the grinding ball head slightly "deflects" or "deepens" along the actual surface contour of the rim. Furthermore, when encountering a large protrusion (high current signal), the system can temporarily reduce the rotation speed of the servo motor to ensure sufficient grinding time at that point; in flat areas, it resumes high speed to optimize the cycle time.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the grinding status detection unit 60 further includes an arc-shaped resistance wire column 61 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating swing arm 41, a metal rod 62 arranged parallel to the arc-shaped resistance wire column 61, and a conductive slider 63 slidably connected to the side wall of the metal rod 62. The metal rod 62 and the arc-shaped resistance wire column 61 are connected to the ammeter 64 and the computer host 65 through wires. A connecting rod 66 is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow shaft rod 40. One end of the connecting rod 66 is fixedly connected to the conductive slider 63. When the floating swing arm 41 rotates, the position of the conductive slider 63 can be adjusted by the connecting rod 66 to change the current magnitude.

[0044] Specifically, during grinding, if the floating swing arm 41 deflects due to force, it will drive the conductive slider 63 to slide on the metal rod 62 through the connecting rod 66 fixed to it, thereby changing the contact position of the conductive slider 63 on the arc-shaped resistance wire column 61. Since the resistance value of the arc-shaped resistance wire column 61 changes linearly (or according to a known law) along its arc length, the change in the position of the conductive slider 63 changes the total resistance value connected to the detection circuit.

[0045] According to Ohm's law, under constant voltage, the loop current (displayed by ammeter 64) will change accordingly. The computer host 65 collects the reading (current signal) of ammeter 64 in real time. Through the preset calibration relationship (swing arm deflection angle - resistance value - current value relationship), the swing amplitude of floating swing arm 41 can be calculated in real time, thereby indirectly reflecting the magnitude and fluctuation of grinding pressure.

[0046] It enables real-time, quantitative monitoring of the grinding process, replacing the traditional method of relying on workers' experience to judge. When grinding the weld bead, the initial current is relatively large (corresponding to a large swing amplitude of the swing arm and high pressure). As the weld bead is ground flat, the current will gradually decrease and tend to stabilize. The computer host 65 can determine whether the grinding is completed based on the current curve (such as the current value stabilizing below the set threshold and continuing for a certain period of time). If the current still fluctuates drastically after the grinding is completed, it can be determined that there are weld beads that have not been ground clean or the workpiece is uneven, thus realizing automated quality screening.

[0047] The grinding status detection unit 60 is directly integrated in the tiny space between the hollow shaft 40 and the floating swing arm 41. It directly drives the conductive slider 63 using the connecting rod 66. This structure is compact and responds quickly, making it particularly suitable for wheel rim processing scenarios where space is limited and the environment is harsh (welding spatter, grinding dust).

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described herein. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Therefore, any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention, as well as all technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention, are covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface treatment device for automobile wheel rims using a three-gun automatic gas shielded welding system, comprising a control cabinet (10), characterized in that, The inner wall of the control cabinet (10) is equipped with a fixed support (11) and a sliding support (12). The sliding support (12) is driven by a drive mechanism (13) to slide relative to the fixed support (11) to assemble and disassemble the wheel rim. The cabinet also includes: The rim drive mechanism (20) includes a rim positioning shaft (21) rotatably connected to a fixed support (11) via a bearing, a rim drive shaft (22) rotatably connected to a sliding support (12) via a bearing, and a servo motor (23) mounted on the sliding support (12) for driving the rim drive shaft (22) to rotate. The three-axis displacement mechanism (30) consists of three sets, which are respectively installed on the fixed support (11), the sliding support (12) and the control cabinet (10) to correspond to the left, right and outer sides of the wheel rim; A hollow shaft (40) is fixedly installed on the moving end of a three-axis displacement mechanism (30). A floating swing arm (41) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the hollow shaft (40) via a bearing. A double-arm connecting rod (42) is rotatably connected to one end of the floating swing arm (41). A grinding assembly (43) and a welding assembly (44) are respectively assembled at both ends of the double-arm connecting rod (42). The double-arm connecting rod (42) and the floating swing arm (41) are connected by an electric push rod (45). The electric push rod (45) is used to drive the grinding assembly (43) and the welding assembly (44) to switch positions so as to alternately grind or weld the car wheel rim. A damping buffer assembly (50) and a grinding status detection unit (60) are also provided between the floating swing arm (41) and the hollow shaft (40). The damping buffer assembly (50) is used to provide flexible compensation in the radial direction, and the grinding status detection unit (60) is used to detect the grinding degree of the grinding assembly (43) during the working process.

2. The surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (13) includes a guide rail (131) fixedly installed inside the control cabinet (10), a slider (132) fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding support (12), and a pneumatic push rod (133) fixedly installed inside the control cabinet (10). The output end of the pneumatic push rod (133) is fixedly connected to the sliding support (12), and the sliding support (12) is slidably installed on the top of the guide rail (131) through the slider (132).

3. The surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding support (12) and the fixed support (11) are provided with through holes on opposite sides for the rim drive shaft (22) and the rim positioning shaft (21) to pass through, and a bearing turntable (14) is installed in the through hole. The rim can rotate relative to the sliding support (12) and the fixed support (11) when it abuts against the bearing turntable (14).

4. The surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triaxial displacement mechanism (30) includes a horizontally arranged X-axis lead screw module (31), a Y-axis lead screw module (32) mounted on the slide of the X-axis lead screw module (31), and a Z-axis lead screw module (33) mounted on the slide of the Y-axis lead screw module (32).

5. The surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the electric push rod (45) is rotatably connected to the floating swing arm (41), and the top end of the electric push rod (45) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the double-arm connecting rod (42). The grinding assembly (43) and the welding assembly (44) are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the double-arm connecting rod (42).

6. The surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding assembly (44) includes a gas shielded welding torch and a welding torch holder for fixing the gas shielded welding torch. The welding torch holder is detachably connected to the double-arm connecting rod (42) by bolts.

7. The surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding assembly (43) includes a plastic buckle (431) and a grinding ball head (432) fixedly installed on the side wall of the double arm connecting rod (42). The side wall of the grinding ball head (432) has a socket (433), and the side wall of the socket (433) has a slot adapted to the plastic buckle (431).

8. The surface treatment device for three-gun automatic gas shielded welding of automobile wheel rims according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping buffer assembly (50) includes a hexagonal turntable (51) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow shaft (40). The inner side wall of the floating swing arm (41) has a hexagonal slot chamber. The center of the side wall of the hexagonal turntable (51) corresponds to the apex of the hexagonal slot chamber. The damping buffer assembly (50) also includes a damping element (52) filled between the hexagonal slot chamber and the hexagonal turntable (51). The damping element (52) has a triangular structure. The apex of the damping element (52) corresponds to the apex of the hexagonal slot chamber, and the bottom edge of the damping element (52) corresponds to the side wall of the hexagonal turntable (51). The sidewall of the damping element (52) has a groove, and the inner wall of the hexagonal slot chamber has a protrusion that matches the groove to limit the displacement direction of the damping element (52) and prevent it from being misaligned. The side wall of the floating swing arm (41) is also detachably connected to a circular top plate (53) by bolts. The initial preload of the damping element (52) can be changed by adjusting the gap between the circular top plate (53) and the floating swing arm (41) by bolts.

9. The surface treatment device for automobile wheel rims using a three-gun automatic gas shielded welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding status detection unit (60) includes an arc-shaped resistance wire column (61) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating swing arm (41), a metal rod (62) arranged parallel to the arc-shaped resistance wire column (61), and a conductive slider (63) slidably connected to the side wall of the metal rod (62). The metal rod (62) and the arc-shaped resistance wire column (61) are connected to an ammeter (64) and a computer host (65) through wires. A connecting rod (66) is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the hollow shaft (40). One end of the connecting rod (66) is fixedly connected to the conductive slider (63). When the floating swing arm (41) rotates, the position of the conductive slider (63) can be adjusted by the connecting rod (66) to change the current magnitude.

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