Bionic sports ground mat as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a bionic sports ground mat and a preparation method and application thereof, a surface layer is a PVC surface layer or a TPU surface layer, the surface layer is coated or pasted with an ACF material, and the ACF material is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B; or the component C and the component B are mixed to prepare the ACF material; and the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups in the component A or the component C to isocyanate groups in the component B is 100: (97-103). The bionic sports ground mat is applied to sports field protection, child activity area protection or elderly care field ground protection. When the bionic sports ground mat is applied to sports field protection, the bionic sports ground mat does not affect the rebound rate of a basketball while achieving energy absorption protection. The core advantage of the bionic sports ground mat is that the brush-shaped side chain structure of the ACF material and the gas-solid coupling foaming structure synergistically form nonlinear mechanical response characteristics, so that the bionic sports ground mat can be accurately adapted to sports fields and core protection scenes of child activity areas, and protective performance and sports special performance (such as basketball resilience) can be considered in the sports field scenes.

Description

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of sports mats, specifically relating to a biomimetic sports mat, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of sports mats, traditional sports mats have gradually revealed a series of shortcomings in terms of performance and environmental protection, which have limited their application and development in different scenarios. From a performance perspective, the cushioning and energy absorption effect of traditional sports mats often fails to meet the needs of modern sports. For example, in some high-intensity sports training and competitive sports, athletes generate significant impact forces on the ground when jumping, landing, and moving quickly. Due to the limitations of their materials and structures, ordinary sports mats cannot effectively absorb and disperse these impact forces, increasing pressure on the knee joints and leading to knee joint wear, while also increasing the risk of athlete injuries, such as sprains and contusions in the knee and ankle joints. Taking common rubber mats as an example, although rubber has a certain degree of elasticity, it is prone to elasticity decay after prolonged exposure to high-intensity impacts, resulting in a decrease in cushioning performance. While some mats made of foam materials are lightweight, they are relatively weak and easily break under external impact, failing to provide continuous and stable cushioning protection.

[0003] Traditional sports mats also present numerous environmental problems. Some mats use non-environmentally friendly materials during production, which may contain harmful substances such as formaldehyde and formamide. For example, in EVA children's mats, the foaming agent azodicarbonamide added during production decomposes upon heating, producing formamide. Medical research indicates that inhalation or contact with formamide can damage the blood and nervous system and pose a carcinogenic risk. During use, these harmful substances may gradually be released into the air, posing a potential threat to users' health. This is especially true in indoor sports venues where air circulation is relatively poor, where the concentration of harmful substances may gradually accumulate, leading to greater harm. Furthermore, traditional sports mats are often difficult to recycle and reuse after their lifespan. Large quantities of discarded mats are landfilled or incinerated, not only occupying significant land resources but also causing serious environmental pollution, such as the production of harmful gases like dioxins during incineration. While PVC foam materials have good energy absorption, they lack elasticity and cannot simultaneously provide both energy absorption and rebound. Therefore, existing protective mats cannot accurately adapt to the two core protection scenarios of sports fields and children's activity areas, and in sports field scenarios, they cannot simultaneously guarantee both protection and sports-specific performance (such as basketball rebound). Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the overall protective performance of the material. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to effectively improve the cushioning, energy absorption, environmental friendliness, anti-slip properties, and wear resistance of sports mats through innovative material formulations and advanced preparation methods. By integrating bionic principles and advanced material technology, it simulates the structure of human cartilage and uses chemical methods to design a brush-like molecular structure to mimic the cushioning effect of human cartilage. Combined with the characteristics of sports surface in real-world use environments, it provides athletes with a more realistic and comfortable sports experience. While meeting the higher requirements of modern sports for safety, comfort, and environmental protection, it can also effectively reduce sports injuries and improve the safety and efficiency of sports.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: Component A is composed of the following parts by weight: 20-70 parts of polyol type 1, 20 parts of bio-based polyol, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.1-0.5 parts of water, 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.1-0.5 parts of organobismuth catalyst, 0.1-0.5 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component A is stored separately in a first constant temperature container at 25-30 degrees Celsius. The B component comprises, by weight, 20-50 parts of carbide-modified MDI and 50-80 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with an NCO content of 18-22%; the B component is stored separately in a second constant temperature container at 25-30 degrees Celsius. The C component is formed by mixing 30-70 parts of polyol type 1, 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.3-1 parts of thermosensitive catalyst, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol in the following weight proportions. The C component is stored separately in a third constant temperature container at 25-30 degrees Celsius. The molar ratio of hydroxyl groups in component A or component C to isocyanate groups in component B is 100:(97-103).

[0006] Furthermore, the polyol type 1 has molecular weights of 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000, and a functionality of 2-polytetrahydrofuran ether diols. The polytetrahydrofuran ether diols have a linear saturated polyether chain structure, with the main molecular chain composed of flexible ether bonds (-O-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-). The rotational resistance within the ether bonds is extremely low, allowing the chain segments to freely stretch and deform. Simultaneously, its molecular chain has high regularity and controllable crystallinity at room temperature (crystallinity 10%~40%). The crystalline regions can serve as physical cross-linking points, while the amorphous regions provide deformation capabilities, achieving a balance between elasticity and strength. This endows the material with good flexibility and mechanical strength, making it suitable for sports floor mats that need to withstand certain impact forces. The material's performance can be further optimized by adjusting the proportions of different molecular weights. The polyol type 1 can also be a bio-based polyether polyol (PO3G) with molecular weights of 1000, 2000, and 3000, respectively. These polyols provide varying degrees of hydrophilicity and flexibility, offering a skin-like feel, and possess a regular molecular chain structure comparable to polytetrahydrofuran ether diols, adapting to different usage environments and performance requirements. One or two combinations of these different types and models of polyol type 1 provide more options for optimizing material formulations, meeting the performance requirements of biomimetic sports mats in various application scenarios. Furthermore, their raw materials are derived from starch-based biomass, offering significant environmental advantages.

[0007] Furthermore, the polyol type 2 is a polyether polyol with a molecular weight of 400-1000, which can increase the crosslinking density of the material, improve the hardness and strength of the material, and make the floor mat more wear-resistant and durable. Furthermore, the hydroxyl value of the bio-based polyol is 112-280 mgKOH / g, and the bio-based polyol is selected from vegetable oil-based polyols. Bio-based polyols have significant environmental advantages, as they are derived from renewable biomass resources. During production and use, they can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower carbon emissions, meeting the current societal demand for environmentally friendly materials. Moreover, polyol type 2 and bio-based polyols have different effects on material performance. Through reasonable selection and combination, materials can possess both environmental friendliness and good physical properties, meeting the dual requirements of performance and environmental protection for sports mats.

[0008] The pure MDI is a mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, wherein the weight content of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 97% to 99.5%. The characteristics of this mixture determine the material's reactivity and final properties. The content of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate significantly affects the material's properties; a higher content results in higher rigidity and strength, making it less prone to deformation under external forces, thus ensuring the stability and durability of the mat. Therefore, precisely controlling the weight content of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate in the mixture is one of the key factors in ensuring that the material's properties meet the requirements.

[0009] Furthermore, components C and A also include one or more of the following: antioxidants, UV absorbers, antifungal and antibacterial agents, flame retardants, coupling agents, smoke inhibitors, pigments, antistatic agents, diluents, surface wetting agents, leveling agents, thixotropic agents, and plasticizers. Antioxidants effectively slow down the aging process of materials by capturing free radicals generated during use and preventing chain reactions initiated by these free radicals, thereby extending the material's lifespan. For example, outdoor sports mats are affected by factors such as sunlight and oxygen; antioxidants can prevent the material from yellowing and becoming brittle due to oxidation, maintaining the mat's stable performance. UV absorbers absorb ultraviolet rays, preventing damage to the material. Ultraviolet rays have high energy and can damage the molecular structure of materials, leading to a decline in material performance. UV absorbers can convert the energy of ultraviolet rays into heat or other harmless forms of energy, protecting the molecular structure of the material and allowing it to maintain good physical properties, such as elasticity and strength, even under sunlight. Anti-mold and antibacterial agents inhibit the growth and reproduction of mold and bacteria. In damp environments, floor mats are prone to mold and bacteria growth, which not only affects the appearance of the mat but may also threaten the health of users. Anti-mold and antibacterial agents effectively prevent the growth of mold and bacteria on the floor mat by destroying the cell membranes of microorganisms and inhibiting their metabolic processes, keeping the mat clean and hygienic. Flame retardants improve the flame retardant properties of materials. When exposed to a fire source, flame retardants can prevent the spread of flames by decomposing to produce non-combustible gases and forming a heat insulation layer, reducing the risk of fire and ensuring the safety of sports venues. Coupling agents enhance the interfacial bonding between materials and fillers, allowing fillers to be better dispersed in the material and improving the overall performance of the material. Smoke suppressants reduce the smoke produced when materials burn, reducing the harm of smoke to the human body and pollution to the environment. Pigments are used to give floor mats various colors to meet the aesthetic and personalized needs of different users. Antistatic agents prevent the generation of static electricity on the material surface, avoiding discomfort to athletes or interference with electronic devices. Diluents adjust the viscosity of materials, making them easier to handle during processing. Surface wetting agents help improve the surface wettability of materials, enabling them to better bond with other substances. Leveling agents allow materials to form a uniform, smooth surface during coating or molding. Thixotropic agents impart thixotropic properties to materials; when subjected to external forces, the viscosity decreases, facilitating processing; after the external force is removed, the viscosity returns, maintaining the material's shape stability. Plasticizers increase the flexibility and plasticity of materials, making the mats softer and more comfortable. The appropriate use of these additives can comprehensively improve the performance and quality of biomimetic sports mats, meeting the needs of different users and usage scenarios.

[0010] Furthermore, components C and A also contain one or more fillers selected from microcapsules, glass fiber, hollow glass microspheres, rubber elastic particles, carbon nanotubes, aluminum hydroxide, melamine, calcium carbonate, talc, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, rare earth elements, nano-silica, and negative ion powder. Microcapsules can play special functions in the material, such as slow-release, encapsulating certain functional substances and allowing them to be slowly released under specific conditions, providing lasting performance improvements to the floor mat. Glass fiber has high strength and high modulus; adding it to the material significantly enhances its strength and rigidity, improving the floor mat's load-bearing capacity and enabling it to withstand greater pressure and impact. Hollow glass microspheres reduce the material's density, making the floor mat lighter, while also providing some heat and sound insulation properties. Rubber elastic particles increase the material's elasticity and toughness, allowing the floor mat to better absorb and disperse energy upon impact, reducing injury to athletes. Carbon nanotubes possess excellent mechanical and electrical properties; adding them to materials can improve their strength, conductivity, and other properties. Aluminum hydroxide is a commonly used flame-retardant filler. During combustion, it decomposes and absorbs heat, lowering the material's temperature. The resulting aluminum oxide forms a protective film, preventing oxygen from contacting the material, thus acting as a flame retardant. Melamine has flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing properties, improving the fire resistance of materials. Fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, and barium sulfate can improve the processing performance of materials, reduce costs, and also increase hardness and wear resistance to some extent. Titanium dioxide is a white pigment with high hiding power and whiteness; adding it to floor mats can make their colors more vibrant and aesthetically pleasing. Diatomaceous earth has adsorption properties, capable of absorbing odors and harmful substances, improving air quality around the floor mat. Kaolin can improve the filling performance and stability of materials. The addition of rare earth elements can improve certain special properties of materials, such as increasing corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Nano-silica can enhance the mechanical properties and improve the surface properties of materials. Negative ion powder can release negative ions, improving indoor air quality and allowing athletes to enjoy fresher air when using the mat. The selection and addition of these fillers can be optimized according to the specific performance requirements of the biomimetic sports mat, thereby producing high-performance mat products that meet different application scenarios.

[0011] A method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare component A and component B, and store them in the first and second constant temperature containers respectively; S2. Close the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, and start the first drive motor connected to the first frequency converter and the second drive motor connected to the second frequency converter respectively. Component A from the first constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the first drive motor through the outlet and returns to the first return port through the first three-way valve, returning component A to the first constant temperature tank. Component B from the second constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the second drive motor through the outlet and returns to the second return port through the second three-way valve, returning component B to the second constant temperature tank. This cycle is of great significance because it allows components A and B to flow continuously in their respective constant temperature tanks, ensuring the uniformity of the proportions and temperature of the components in the mixture. The various components in components A and B can be fully mixed, avoiding precipitation or uneven composition, thus providing stable and uniform raw materials for subsequent mixing reactions. S3. Open the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve respectively. Component A from the first thermostatic tank enters the pump connected to the first drive motor through the outlet and then passes through the first three-way valve into the mixing head. Component B from the second thermostatic tank enters the pump connected to the second drive motor through the outlet and then passes through the second three-way valve into the mixing head. Control the speed ratio of the metering pump connected to the first drive motor (connected to the first frequency converter) and the metering pump connected to the second drive motor (connected to the second frequency converter) to control the mixing ratio of component A and component B. Because the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups in component A or component C to isocyanate groups in component B is 100:(97-103), only by strictly controlling this ratio can we ensure that component A or component C reacts fully with component B to form the ideal chemical structure and physical properties. There will be a delay time when the first and second three-way valves open, which is between 0.1-0.3 seconds. This delay time is not superfluous; it plays a crucial role in ensuring the accuracy of the mixing ratio. In practice, due to the pressure and flow rate in the pipeline, as well as the structural influence of the mixing head, opening the three-way valve simultaneously may lead to inaccurate mixing ratios of components A and B in the initial stage. By setting this delay time, the flow rates and pressures of components A and B can reach a stable state before entering the mixing head, thereby ensuring accurate mixing according to the set ratio in the mixing head. S4. Spray the release agent into the inner cavity of the molding mold, pour the mixture into the square molding mold, close the mold and lock it, then react and cure to form a foam. The mold temperature is 60~70℃, the mold locking pressure is 0.8Mpa, and the mold curing time is 20~25min. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. The foam is then cut into sheets by a flat cutter, and multiple sheets are bonded together end to end by welding or gluing and rolled into ACF rolls. Alternatively, the mixture is poured into a cylindrical molding mold and rotated and foamed to form a foam body. The mold temperature is 50~60℃, the mold clamping pressure is 1.5Mpa, the mold closing curing time is 15~25min, and after the foam body is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. Then, the foam body is cut by a circular cutter and rolled into ACF rolls. Alternatively, the mixture is poured into a long strip forming mold to foam and cure to form a foam body. The mold temperature is 40~50℃ and the curing time is 30~40 minutes. After the foam body is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. The foam body is then cut into long sheets by a flat cutter. Multiple sheets are then bonded end to end by welding or gluing and rolled into ACF rolls. After the mixture is formed, it needs to be poured into different molding molds according to different requirements. If poured into a square molding mold, the mixture will be locked in the mold and then react and mature to form a foam. In this process, the various components in the mixture undergo chemical reactions under certain temperature and pressure conditions, producing gas, causing the material to expand and foam, gradually filling the entire mold cavity to form a foam with a certain shape and size. If poured into a cylindrical molding mold, the mixture will rotate and foam within the mold to form a foam. The rotation process ensures that the mixture is evenly distributed in the mold, avoiding local density inconsistencies, thus ensuring more stable quality of the foam. If poured into a long strip molding mold, the mixture will foam and mature to form a long strip of foam.

[0012] After the foam is formed, it needs to undergo subsequent processing such as cutting and lamination to create the final biomimetic sports mat. The cutting method varies depending on the mold in which the foam is formed. If the foam is formed in a square mold, it is cut into sheets of a certain thickness using a flat cutter. If it is formed in a cylindrical mold, it is cut into rolls of the desired shape and size using a circular cutter. If it is formed in a long strip mold, it is also cut into long sheets using a flat cutter. The cut sheets need to be bonded and rolled up. Multiple sheets are bonded end-to-end using either fusion welding or adhesive bonding. Welding involves heating the edges of the sheets to melt them and then joining them together, resulting in a stronger bond that is less prone to separation. Adhesive bonding uses special adhesive to bond the sheets together; this method is relatively simple, but requires selecting a suitable adhesive to ensure bonding strength and durability. The bonded sheets are then rolled into ACF rolls for subsequent lamination processes.

[0013] S5. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a fiberglass layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially coated onto the release paper. The wear-resistant layer typically uses highly wear-resistant materials, such as a special polyurethane coating, which effectively resists wear during use and extends the service life of the mat. The reinforcing layer uses PVC matrix resin with added reinforcing fillers such as active heavy calcium carbonate (CaCO3), talc powder, and mica powder to improve the overall strength and stability of the mat. The fiberglass layer further enhances the rigidity and deformation resistance of the mat. The connecting layer ensures a tight bond between the layers and prevents delamination. These layers constitute the surface layer, which is then bonded to the ACF roll material using adhesive, tightly binding the materials together to form a whole and creating a biomimetic sports mat. Alternatively, a continuous coating machine can be used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer, which together form the surface layer. Then, the surface layer is bonded to the ACF roll material using an adhesive method. After that, a transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treatment layer are produced to create a biomimetic sports mat. Alternatively, a continuous coating machine can be used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer, which together form the surface layer. Then, the surface layer is bonded to the ACF roll material using an adhesive method. Finally, a PVC transparent layer and a PUR treated layer are produced to create a biomimetic sports mat. Further processing can be carried out depending on different product requirements. A transfer printing layer can be produced, using transfer technology to print various patterns or logos onto the surface of the mat, increasing its aesthetics and personalization; a PVC transparent layer can improve the mat's wear resistance and transparency, making the surface smoother and easier to clean; and a PUR treated layer can enhance the mat's waterproof and moisture-proof properties, improving its durability. Through these different composite and processing methods, biomimetic sports mats that meet the needs of different users and application scenarios can be manufactured.

[0014] A method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat, characterized by comprising the following steps: S11. Prepare component C and component B, and store them in the third and second constant temperature containers respectively. S12. Close the third three-way valve and the second three-way valve, and start the third drive motor connected to the third frequency converter and the second drive motor connected to the second frequency converter respectively. Component C of the third constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the third drive motor from the discharge port along the pipeline, and then returns to the third return port through the third three-way valve. Component C returns to the third constant temperature tank. Component B of the second constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the second drive motor from the discharge port along the pipeline, and then returns to the second return port through the second three-way valve. Component B returns to the second constant temperature tank. S13. Open the third three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the check valve respectively. Component C from the third constant temperature tank enters the third pump through the outlet and then the mixing head through the third three-way valve. Component B from the second constant temperature tank enters the mixing head through the outlet and then the pump connected to the third drive motor, then the mixing head through the second three-way valve. Air or nitrogen is injected into the mixing head through a high-pressure gas nozzle connected to the mixing head via a gas pipe and a check valve, after the gas flow rate is controlled by a gas flow meter. The speed ratio of the metering pump connected to the third drive motor and the metering pump connected to the second drive motor and the third frequency converter is controlled to adjust the mixing ratio of component C and component B, which are then combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. There is a delay between the opening time of the third and second three-way valves, which is between 0.1 and 0.3 seconds. In this molding process, the gas content in the mixture can be precisely adjusted by controlling the flow rate of air or nitrogen through a gas flow meter, thereby affecting the density and properties of the material. If a floor mat with lower density and lighter texture is required, the gas flow rate can be increased appropriately; if the strength and stability of the floor mat are required, the gas flow rate can be reduced. The function of the one-way valve is to allow air to be injected into the mixing head only from the gas flow meter end, but the mixture in the mixing head cannot flow back into the gas flow meter through the one-way valve. This can prevent the mixture in the mixing head from flowing back into the gas flow meter due to pressure difference and damaging the gas flow meter when there is unstable gas pressure or gas interruption at the gas source end.

[0015] S14. The mixed material is introduced into the nozzle through the guide pipe. The nozzle is connected to the slide table, and the nozzle slide table is connected to the fixed bracket. The fixed bracket is respectively equipped with a first limit switch and a second limit switch. The positions of the first limit switch and the second limit switch correspond to the left and right sides of the scraping to control the scraping width. The mixed material is evenly poured into the scraping material tank through the nozzle using the nozzle slide table in a reciprocating swinging motion. Then, it is evenly scraped onto the bonding layer of the surface layer by the scraper. After being placed in an oven at 80-120℃ for baking, it is cured at room temperature for 24 hours to produce a biomimetic sports mat. The surface layer is manufactured by a continuous scraping machine by sequentially coating a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a bonding layer on release paper.

[0016] The relationship between the reciprocating speed of the slide, the speed of the refractory material, the speed of the air injection, the width of the coating, the speed of the coating line, the foaming ratio and the thickness of the coating is shown in Table 1 below.

[0017] An application of a biomimetic sports mat is disclosed, which is used for sports field protection and children's activity area protection. When used for sports field protection, the material has sufficient elasticity due to the use of polytetrahydrofuran ether diol and PO3G, which have regular molecular structures, as the main chain in the formula. The biomimetic sports mat can achieve energy absorption protection without affecting the rebound rate of basketballs. The applications utilize the nonlinear mechanical response characteristics of the biomimetic sports mat to achieve softness and comfort during low-speed contact and energy absorption protection during high-speed impact.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The preparation and testing method of the biomimetic sports mat material provided by the present invention differs from the prior art in that the main chain is formed by the first reaction of polyol type 1 and polyol type 2 with isocyanate, the second reaction is completed by 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol with isocyanate, and the third reaction is completed by 1,4-butanediol with isocyanate. Then, the first, second and third reactions are alternately reacted to generate a block-shaped brush-like side chain structure with a large number of side branches. In particular, 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, since one of the hydroxyl groups is not at the end of the molecular chain, has a large number of side groups in the final molecular structure generated after reacting with isocyanate. Furthermore, the short chain structure of polyol type 2 forms a stable structure. The solid molecular structure absorbs a large amount of energy through internal friction of the molecular chains when impacted, thus reducing the impact force. At the same time, the main chain is generated by reacting polytetrahydrofuran polyol with pure MDI, resulting in regular chain segments and better elasticity compared to ordinary polyether polyols. Through the combination of the above internal molecular structures, an ACF material that combines energy absorption and rebound properties is formed. When combined with a PVC / TPU surface layer, it forms a biomimetic sports mat. This allows the mat to maintain its surface wear-resistant and anti-slip properties while effectively absorbing and dispersing the impact force during exercise, reducing pressure on the knee joint and thus reducing knee joint wear. This lowers the risk of athlete injuries, such as sprains and contusions in the knee and ankle joints, and extends their careers.

[0019] (2) Multilayer material combination and fusion: The brush-like molecular structure design mimicking cartilage achieves nonlinear mechanical response; the closed-mold foaming process controls the porosity to 50%, such as 2-3 times foaming to form a gas-solid coupling structure; the addition of organic / inorganic fillers, such as microcapsules, glass fibers, carbon nanotubes, etc., enhances energy dissipation; surfactants regulate the stability of bubbles in the foaming reaction to achieve effective control of the ratio of open to closed pores and the pore size distribution. The appropriate ratio of open to closed pores and the pore size distribution allow the gas-solid coupling effect to be fully utilized. The gas and solid material in the pores interact. During impact, the gas first buffers, and the material matrix absorbs energy through deformation. The reasonable ratio of open to closed pores further enhances energy dispersion and material stability, and the material performance is improved to 97.1% energy absorption efficiency, achieving wide-range large energy absorption.

[0020] (3) In terms of environmental protection, the biomimetic sports mat of the present invention has significant advantages. The bio-based polyols used in the biomimetic sports mat, such as starch-based polyols and vegetable oil-based polyols, are derived from renewable biomass resources, such as starch and vegetable oils. Compared with traditional petroleum-based polyols, the production process of bio-based polyols can reduce dependence on fossil energy and reduce carbon emissions. Bio-based polyols have a certain degree of biodegradability in the natural environment. When the biomimetic sports mat reaches the end of its service life, the bio-based polyol components it contains can be gradually decomposed under the action of microorganisms, reducing environmental pollution and meeting the pursuit of sustainable development in today's society. This product has unique advantages in energy absorption, heat insulation and lightweighting, and is suitable for sports scenarios with special requirements for these properties, such as indoor yoga venues and children's sports areas. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the biomimetic sports mat structure provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the pipeline flow direction before mixing and preparing components A and B according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation of a block-locking foaming molding device after mixing components A and B according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the preparation of a cylindrical molding die foaming device after mixing components A and B according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation of a foaming molding device for a long strip forming mold after mixing components A and B according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the pipeline flow direction before mixing and preparing components C and B according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the preparation of a mixture of component C and component B by scraping in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a diagram of compressive stress-strain of ACF material at different strain rates.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. First three-way valve; 2. Second three-way valve; 3. Mixing head; 4. First frequency converter; 5. Second frequency converter; 6. First drive motor; 7. Second drive motor; 8. First constant temperature tank; 9. Second constant temperature tank; 10. Third constant temperature tank; 11. Third three-way valve; 12. Third frequency converter; 13. Third drive motor; 14. Square forming mold; 15. Guide pipe; 16. Nozzle; 17. Slide table; 18. Fixed bracket; 19. First limit switch; 20. Second limit switch; 21. Paint scraper trough; 22. Air pump; 23. Gas flow meter; 24. Cylindrical forming mold; 25. Strip forming mold; 26. One-way valve; 27. Scraper; 28. Oven. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] As described in Examples 1-12: The polytetrahydrofuran ether polyols of type 1 (PTMEG) are polytetrahydrofuran ether polyols PTMEG1000, PTMEG2000, PTMEG3000, and PTMEG4000 produced by Xiaoxing Ningxia Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0028] Bio-based polyols of polyether polyol type 1 (PO3G) are bio-based polyols H1000, H2000, and H2700 from Guangzhou Haoyi New Material Technology Co., Ltd. PO3G is polytrimethylene ether glycol, a linear polyether glycol, academically known as polytrimethylene ether glycol. It is prepared from 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) via acid-catalyzed polycondensation or oxobutane ring-opening polymerization. Industrially, the mainstream method is to produce it using bio-based 1,3-propanediol (PDO) via superacid-catalyzed polycondensation, classifying it as a starch-based polyol.

[0029] The polyether polyol type 2 is polypropylene glycol PPG-600 from Jiangsu Haian Petrochemical Plant, with a hydroxyl value of 190 mg KOH / g.

[0030] The bio-based polyol is soybean oil polyol HM-10200 produced by Guangzhou Haierma Vegetable Oil Co., Ltd., with a hydroxyl value of 112 mgKOH / g, belonging to vegetable oil-based polyols.

[0031] The 1,4-butanediol mentioned is a chain extender, manufactured by BASF.

[0032] Y10366 and L626 are silicone surfactants from Momentive Advanced Materials Inc., Inc.

[0033] The thermosensitive catalyst is CUCAT-RM90 produced by Guangzhou Yourun Synthetic Materials Co., Ltd.

[0034] The organic bismuth catalyst is BCAT-E16 produced by Guangzhou Yourun Synthetic Materials Co., Ltd.

[0035] The molecular structure of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol is as follows:

[0036] The carbodiimide-modified MDI is Wannate 1631, with an NCO content of 29.75%.

[0037] The pure MDI is Wannate MDI100, 4,4-MDI produced by Wanhua, with a content of ≥97%.

[0038] The specific preparation method of the polyether polyol modified isocyanate is as follows: pure MDI is melted at 45°C, then polyol type 1 is added, and the temperature is raised to 70-80°C for 2-3 hours to form a modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate with a terminal -NCO group content of 18-22%. The 18% -NCO group content is achieved by combining 100 parts by weight of pure MDI and 75 parts by weight of polyol type 1; the 22% -NCO group content is achieved by combining 100 parts by weight of pure MDI and 45 parts by weight of polyol type 1.

[0039] The PVC surface layer uses environmentally friendly polyvinyl chloride resin as the base material, combined with bio-based plasticizers, heat stabilizers, anti-aging agents, and other additives, and is manufactured through calendering or extrusion molding. It conforms to GB / T 4085-2015 "General Technical Requirements for Polyvinyl Chloride Flooring" and international standards such as ISO 4586-2. The average thickness of the surface layer is 2.0mm, with a thickness deviation controlled within ±0.1mm; the Shore A hardness is 75~85HA, balancing support and foot comfort; the tensile strength is ≥15MPa, and the elongation at break is ≥100%, capable of withstanding deformation from daily walking and minor impacts without breaking. The PVC surface layer is suitable for cost-sensitive scenarios with moderate usage intensity, such as commercial public areas (e.g., shopping malls, offices) and ordinary indoor residential areas, and is especially suitable for decorative scenarios requiring rich color printing.

[0040] The TPU surface layer uses thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as the base material, and its performance is optimized through physical blending modification or chemical functionalization modification. Polyether-type or polyester-type soft segments are selected to adapt to different usage environments, meeting the core technical requirements for elastic materials used in floor mats. Different soft segment ratios are selected according to the application scenario: 70-80% soft segments for high-elasticity scenarios (such as children's activity areas), and ≤50% soft segments for high abrasion-resistant scenarios. The surface layer thickness is 2.0mm, with a Shore A hardness of 65-80HA and a number-average molecular weight of 50,000-100,000, ensuring excellent elastic recovery. The TPU surface layer is suitable for scenarios with higher requirements for elasticity, abrasion resistance, and weather resistance, such as nursing homes, children's activity areas, sports fields, damp environments (bathrooms, swimming pools), and outdoor terraces. It can also be used in high-end applications with stringent environmental performance requirements, such as medical and early childhood education institutions.

[0041] Example 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a biomimetic sports mat, including a surface layer, which is a PVC surface layer. An ACF material is adhered to the PVC surface layer. The ACF material is prepared by mixing components A and B. Component A, by weight, includes 70 parts of polyol type 1 (PTMEG2000), 20 parts of bio-based polyol HM-10200, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.2 parts of water, and 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether. The mixture comprises 0.1 parts of organic bismuth catalyst, 0.5 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Depending on the specific application requirements, component A may also include one or more of the following: antioxidants, UV absorbers, antifungal and antibacterial agents, flame retardants, coupling agents, smoke suppressants, pigments, antistatic agents, diluents, surface wetting agents, leveling agents, thixotropic agents, and plasticizers. Component A may also contain one or more inorganic fillers selected from microcapsules, glass fibers, hollow glass microspheres, rubber elastic particles, and carbon nanotubes. Component A is stored separately in a constant-temperature container at 25-30 degrees Celsius. The unique core-shell structure of the microcapsules allows for energy absorption through plastic deformation upon impact. Glass fibers provide skeletal support within the polyurethane matrix, preventing crack propagation. Hollow glass microspheres increase material strength without adding excessive weight, with their internal hollow structure absorbing energy. Elastic particles absorb energy through elastic deformation, enhancing material flexibility. Carbon nanotubes form a network structure within the polyurethane matrix, enhancing the material's mechanical properties and energy conductivity.

[0042] The B component comprises, by weight, 20 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 80 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 22% NCO content. The B component is stored separately in a second constant temperature container 9 at 25-30 degrees Celsius.

[0043] The biomimetic sports mat preparation method in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Prepare component A and component B, and store them in the first constant temperature container 8 and the second constant temperature container 9, respectively. S2. Close the first three-way valve 1 and the second three-way valve 2, and start the first drive motor 6 connected to the first frequency converter 4 and the second drive motor 7 connected to the second frequency converter 5 respectively. Component A of the first constant temperature tank 8 enters the pump connected to the first drive motor 6 through the pipeline from the discharge port, and then returns to the first return port through the first three-way valve 1. Component B of the second constant temperature tank 9 enters the pump connected to the second drive motor 7 through the pipeline from the discharge port, and then returns to the second return port through the second three-way valve 2. Component B returns to the second constant temperature tank 9. S3. Open the first three-way valve 1 and the second three-way valve 2 respectively. Component A from the first constant temperature tank 8 enters the pump connected to the first drive motor 6 through the outlet and then enters the mixing head 3 through the first three-way valve 1. Component B from the second constant temperature tank 9 enters the pump connected to the second drive motor 7 through the outlet and then enters the mixing head 3 through the second three-way valve 2. Control the speed ratio of the metering pump connected to the first drive motor 6 connected to the first frequency converter 4 and the metering pump connected to the second drive motor 7 connected to the second frequency converter 5 to control the mixing ratio of component A and component B. Component A and component B are mixed at high speed according to the ratio of -OH to -NCO 100:97. The high-speed mixing speed is 10000 rpm and the high-speed mixing time is 0.1s, forming a mixture. There is a delay of 0.1s when the first three-way valve 1 and the second three-way valve 2 open, which is mainly to ensure the uniformity of the raw material mixing. S4. Spray a release agent into the inner cavity of the molding mold. Pour the mixture into the square molding mold 14, close the mold and lock it in place. After the reaction is cured, a foam is formed. The mold temperature is 70℃, the mold locking pressure is 0.8Mpa, and the mold curing time is 20min. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. The foam is then cut into sheets by a flat cutter. Multiple sheets are then bonded end to end by welding or gluing and rolled into ACF rolls. This formula uses 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol. Because one of the hydroxyl groups is not at the end of the molecular chain, the final molecular structure formed after reacting with isocyanate has a large number of side groups. Due to the presence of these numerous side groups, plus the urethane structure formed by the reaction of polyol and isocyanate, a large molecule with a wide molecular weight distribution and a brush-like side chain structure is formed. This special molecular structure makes the ACF material exhibit strain rate-sensitive mechanical characteristics when subjected to impact. When subjected to slow compression, the forces between molecular chains are relatively weak, resulting in a soft material that provides a comfortable feel. However, under high-speed impact, the molecular chains rapidly rearrange and deform, with side chains also participating in the energy absorption process. This enhances intermolecular interactions, forming a near-rigid structure capable of absorbing a large amount of energy through minimal deformation, reducing the peak impact force below a safe threshold for the human body and effectively preventing serious injuries such as fractures and concussions. During the foaming process, the precise matching of foaming agent and surfactant dosages controls the opening and closing of pores. Combined with the clamping pressure, this creates a gas-solid coupling structure within the material, with pore sizes distributed in a gradient within the matrix, further enhancing the material's energy absorption capacity and cushioning performance. S5. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially coated on the release paper. The above is the surface layer. Then, it is bonded to the ACF roll material to create a biomimetic energy-absorbing floor mat. S6. Conduct impact resistance tests on the biomimetic energy-absorbing floor mat, measure the impact acceleration G value during impact, and determine the cushioning performance of the biomimetic energy-absorbing floor mat by the magnitude of the G value. The test data are shown in Appendix 2, which summarizes and compares the test results of ACF materials.

[0044] Example 2 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a biomimetic sports mat, including a surface layer, which is a TPU surface layer, and an ACF material is adhered to the TPU surface layer. The preparation method includes the following steps: A mixture of component A and component B is prepared, and the mixture of component A and component B is used to prepare ACF material. Component A is prepared by weight as follows: 20 parts of PTMEG1000 polyol type 1, 50 parts of PTMEG2000 polyol type 1, 20 parts of bio-based polyol, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.3 parts of water, 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.15 parts of organobismuth catalyst, 0.4 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol.

[0045] The B component comprises, by weight, 25 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 75 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 22% NCO content. The B component is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25-30 degrees Celsius.

[0046] Component A and Component B are mixed at a high-speed ratio of -OH to -NCO of 100:98 until homogeneous. The high-speed mixing speed is 10,000 rpm, and the mixing time is 0.1 s. The mixture is poured into a square molding mold 14, and after mold closing and locking, it reacts and matures to form a foam. The mold temperature is 60℃, the mold locking pressure is 0.8 MPa, and the mold closing and maturation time is 25 min. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. The foam is then cut into sheets using a flat cutter, and multiple sheets are bonded end to end using adhesive bonding and rolled into ACF rolls. A continuous coating machine is used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer. This is the top layer, which is then bonded to the ACF rolls using adhesive bonding to manufacture a biomimetic sports mat. Other parts not described are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0047] Example 3 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat, including the following steps: A mixture of component A and component B is prepared, and the mixture of component A and component B is used to prepare ACF material. Component A is prepared by weight as follows: 40 parts of PTMEG2000 polyol type 1, 30 parts of PTMEG3000 polyol type 1, 20 parts of bio-based polyol, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.1 parts of water, 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.2 parts of organic bismuth catalyst, 0.3 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol.

[0048] The B component comprises, by weight, 30 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 70 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 22% NCO content. The B component is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25-30 degrees Celsius.

[0049] Component A and Component B are mixed at a high-speed ratio of -OH to -NCO of 100:99 until homogeneous. The high-speed mixing speed is 5000 rpm, and the mixing time is 0.1 s. The mixture is poured into a long strip forming mold at a mold temperature of 40°C for 30 minutes. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours to form a foam. The foam is then cut into sheets using a flat cutter. Multiple sheets are bonded together end to end using adhesive and rolled into ACF rolls. A continuous coating machine is used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a fiberglass layer, and a bonding layer. This is the top layer, which is then bonded to the ACF rolls using adhesive. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture a biomimetic sports mat. Other parts not described are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0050] Example 4 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat, including the following steps: A mixture of component A and component B is prepared, and the mixture of component A and component B is used to prepare ACF material. Component A is prepared by weight as follows: 50 parts of PTMEG2000 polyol type 1, 20 parts of PTMEG4000 polyol type 1, 20 parts of bio-based polyol, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.15 parts of water, 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.3 parts of organic bismuth catalyst, 0.3 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol.

[0051] The B component comprises, by weight, 35 parts of carbide-modified MDI and 65 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 22% NCO content. The B component is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25-30 degrees Celsius.

[0052] Component A and Component B are mixed at a high-speed ratio of -OH to -NCO of 100:102 until homogeneous. The high-speed mixing speed is 5000 rpm, and the mixing time is 0.3 seconds. The mixture is poured into a long strip forming mold at a mold temperature of 50°C for 40 minutes. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours to form a foam. The foam is then cut into sheets using a flat cutter. Multiple sheets are bonded together end to end using adhesive and rolled into ACF rolls. A continuous coating machine is used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a bonding layer, forming the top layer. These are then bonded to the ACF rolls using adhesive. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture a biomimetic sports mat. Other parts not described are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0053] Example 5 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat, including the following steps: A mixture of component A and component B is prepared, and the mixture of component A and component B is used to prepare ACF material. Component A is prepared by weight as follows: 30 parts of PO3G H1000 polyol type 1, 40 parts of PO3G H2000 polyol type 1, 20 parts of bio-based polyol, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.4 parts of water, 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.4 parts of organic bismuth catalyst, 0.2 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol.

[0054] The B component comprises, by weight, 40 parts of carbide-modified MDI and 60 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 22% NCO content. The B component is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25-30 degrees Celsius.

[0055] Component A and Component B are mixed at a high-speed ratio of -OH to -NCO of 100:102 until homogeneous. The high-speed mixing speed is 5000 rpm, and the mixing time is 0.1 s. The mixture is poured into a cylindrical molding mold 24, and after mold closing and locking, it reacts and matures to form a foam. The mold temperature is 50°C, the mold locking pressure is 1.5 MPa, and the mold closing and maturation time is 25 min. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. The foam is then cut by a circular cutter and rolled into ACF rolls. A continuous coating machine is used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer. This is the top layer, which is then bonded to the ACF rolls using adhesive. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture a biomimetic sports mat. Other parts not described are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0056] Example 6 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat, including the following steps: A mixture of component A and component B is prepared, and the mixture of component A and component B is used to prepare ACF material. Component A is prepared by weight as follows: 50 parts of polyol type 1 with brand name PO3G H2000, 20 parts of polyol type 1 with brand name PO3G H2700, 20 parts of bio-based polyol, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.5 parts of water, 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.5 parts of organobismuth catalyst, 0.1 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol.

[0057] The B component comprises, by weight, 50 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 50 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 22% NCO content. The B component is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25-30 degrees Celsius.

[0058] Component A and Component B are mixed at a high-speed ratio of -OH to -NCO of 100:103, ensuring uniform mixing at 5000 rpm for 0.3 seconds. The mixture is poured into a cylindrical mold 24, and after mold closing and locking, it undergoes reaction curing to form a foam. The mold temperature is 50°C, the mold locking pressure is 1.5 MPa, and the mold curing time is 15 minutes. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours, completing the reaction curing process. The foam is then cut and rolled into ACF rolls using a circular cutter. A continuous coating machine is used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a fiberglass layer, and a bonding layer, forming the top layer. This top layer is then bonded to the ACF roll using adhesive. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture a biomimetic sports mat. Other parts not described herein are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0059] Example 7 like Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat: S11. Prepare component C and component B, and store them in the third constant temperature container 10 and the second constant temperature container 9, respectively. Component C is composed of the following parts by weight: 70 parts of polyol type 1 (PTMEG2000), 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 1 part of thermosensitive catalyst, 3 parts of L626, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component C is stored separately in the third constant temperature container 10 at 25 degrees Celsius.

[0060] The B component comprises, by weight, 50 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 50 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 18% NCO content. The B component is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25 degrees Celsius.

[0061] S12. Close the third three-way valve 11 and the second three-way valve 2. Start the third drive motor 13 connected to the third frequency converter 12 and the second drive motor 7 connected to the second frequency converter 5 respectively. Component C of the third constant temperature tank 10 enters the pump connected to the third drive motor 13 through the pipeline from the discharge port, and then returns to the third return port through the third three-way valve 11. Component C returns to the third constant temperature tank 10. Component B of the second constant temperature tank 9 enters the pump connected to the second drive motor 7 through the pipeline from the discharge port, and then returns to the second return port through the second three-way valve 2. Component B returns to the second constant temperature tank 9. S13. Open the third three-way valve 11, the second three-way valve 2, and the check valve respectively. Component C of the third constant temperature tank 10 enters the third pump through the outlet and then enters the mixing head 3 through the third three-way valve 11. Component B of the second constant temperature tank 9 enters the mixing head 3 through the second three-way valve 2 through the outlet and then enters the pump connected to the third drive motor 13 through the outlet. The air pump 22 contains a 0.6~0.8 MPa air source, which is connected to the gas flow meter 23. After the flow rate of air or nitrogen is controlled by the gas flow meter 23, it is injected into the mixing head through the high-pressure air nozzle connected to the check valve 26 via the air pipe. Control the third drive motor 13 connected to the third frequency converter 12. The speed ratio of the metering pump connected to the second frequency converter 5 and the second drive motor connected to the metering pump controls the mixing ratio of component C and component B. Component C and component B are mixed at a ratio of -OH to -NCO of 100:103, with a mixing speed of 500 rpm and a high-speed mixing time of 3 seconds. The mixture is then combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. The one-way valve allows air to be injected into the mixing head only from the volume flow meter end. However, the mixture in the mixing head cannot flow back into the gas flow meter through the one-way valve. This prevents the mixture in the mixing head from flowing back into the volume gas flow meter and damaging the gas flow meter when the gas pressure at the gas source end is unstable and the gas supply is interrupted. S14. The mixed material is introduced into the nozzle 16 through the guide pipe 15. The nozzle 16 is connected to the slide table 17, and the nozzle 16 slide table 17 is connected to the fixed bracket 18. The fixed bracket 18 is respectively provided with a second limit switch 20 and a second limit switch. The positions of the second limit switches 20 and 20 correspond to the left and right sides of the scraping to control the scraping width. The mixed material is evenly poured into the scraping material tank 21 through the nozzle 16 and the nozzle 16 slide table 17 in a reciprocating swinging manner. Then, it is evenly scraped onto the bonding layer of the surface layer by the scraper 28, and then placed in an 80°C oven 28 for baking and cured at room temperature for 24 hours to produce a biomimetic sports mat. The surface layer is manufactured by a continuous scraping machine by sequentially coating a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a bonding layer on release paper. Other parts not described are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0062] The relationship between the reciprocating speed of the slide 17, the casting speed, the air injection speed, the width of the coating, the speed of the coating line, the foaming ratio and the thickness of the coating is shown in Table 1 below.

[0063] Example 8 like Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, components C and B were prepared and stored in the third thermostatic container 10 and the second thermostatic container 9, respectively. Component C, by weight, comprises 30 parts of PTMEG2000 polyol type 1, 40 parts of PTMEG3000 polyol type 1, 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.8 parts of thermosensitive catalyst, 3 parts of L626, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component C was stored separately in the third thermostatic container 10 at 25 degrees Celsius.

[0064] Component B, by weight, comprises 40 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 60 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 18% NCO content. Component B is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25°C. Component C and Component B are mixed at a -OH to -NCO ratio of 100:103 at a mixing speed of 500 rpm for 3 seconds, and then combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially coated onto the release paper, forming the top layer. Then, the mixture of Component C and Component B is coated onto the connecting layer on the top layer and baked in an 80°C oven for 28 hours, followed by curing at room temperature for 24 hours. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture the biomimetic sports mat. Other undescribed parts are the same as in Embodiment Seven.

[0065] Example 9 like Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, components C and B were prepared and stored in the third thermostatic container 10 and the second thermostatic container 9, respectively. Component C, by weight, comprises 40 parts of PTMEG3000 polyol type 1, 30 parts of PTMEG4000 polyol type 1, 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.6 parts of thermosensitive catalyst, 3 parts of L626, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component C was stored separately in the third thermostatic container 10 at 25 degrees Celsius.

[0066] Component B, by weight, comprises 35 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 65 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 18% NCO content. Component B is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25°C. Component C and Component B are mixed at a -OH to -NCO ratio of 100:102 at a mixing speed of 500 rpm for 3 seconds, and then combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially coated onto the release paper, forming the top layer. Then, the mixture of Component C and Component B is coated onto the connecting layer on the top layer and baked in a 100°C oven for 28 hours, followed by curing at room temperature for 24 hours. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture the biomimetic sports mat. Other undescribed parts are the same as in Embodiment Seven.

[0067] Example 10 like Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, components C and B were prepared and stored in the third thermostatic container 10 and the second thermostatic container 9, respectively. Component C, by weight, comprises 40 parts of polyol type 1 (PTMEG3000), 30 parts of polyol type 1 (PO3G H1000), 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.5 parts of thermosensitive catalyst, 3 parts of L626, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component C was stored separately in the third thermostatic container 10 at 25 degrees Celsius.

[0068] Component B, by weight, comprises 30 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 70 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 18% NCO content. Component B is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25°C. Component C and Component B are mixed at a -OH to -NCO ratio of 100:99 at a mixing speed of 300 rpm for 5 seconds, and then combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially coated onto the release paper, forming the top layer. Then, the mixture of Component C and Component B is coated onto the connecting layer on the top layer and baked in a 100°C oven for 28 hours, followed by curing at room temperature for 24 hours. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture the biomimetic sports mat. Other undescribed parts are the same as in Embodiment Seven.

[0069] Example 11 like Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, components C and B were prepared and stored in the third thermostatic container 10 and the second thermostatic container 9, respectively. Component C, by weight, comprises 30 parts of polyol type 1 (PO3G H1000), 40 parts of polyol type 1 (PO3G H2000), 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.4 parts of thermosensitive catalyst, 3 parts of L626, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component C is stored separately in the third thermostatic container 10 at 25 degrees Celsius.

[0070] Component B, by weight, comprises 25 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 75 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 18% NCO content. Component B is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25°C. Component C and Component B are mixed at a -OH to -NCO ratio of 100:97 at a mixing speed of 300 rpm for 5 seconds, and then combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially applied to the release paper, forming the top layer. Then, the mixture of Component C and Component B is applied to the connecting layer on the top layer and baked in a 120°C oven for 28 hours, followed by curing at room temperature for 24 hours. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture the biomimetic sports mat. Other undescribed parts are the same as in Embodiment Seven.

[0071] Example 12 like Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, components C and B were prepared and stored in the third constant temperature container 10 and the second constant temperature container 9, respectively. Component C, by weight, comprises 40 parts of polyol type 1 (PO3G H2000), 30 parts of polyol type 1 (PO3G H2700), 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.3 parts of thermosensitive catalyst, 3 parts of L626, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component C is stored separately in the third constant temperature container 10 at 25 degrees Celsius.

[0072] Component B, by weight, comprises 20 parts of diammonium carbide modified MDI and 80 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with 18% NCO content. Component B is stored separately in a second constant-temperature container 9 at 25°C. Component C and Component B are mixed at a -OH to -NCO ratio of 100:98 at a mixing speed of 300 rpm for 5 seconds, and then combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially applied to the release paper, forming the top layer. Then, the mixture of Component C and Component B is applied to the connecting layer on the top layer and baked in a 120°C oven, followed by curing at room temperature for 24 hours. A transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer are then produced to manufacture the biomimetic sports mat. Other undescribed parts are the same as in Embodiment Seven.

[0073] The invention's preparation method offers significant advantages in improving production efficiency. In the component preparation and circulation stage, a frequency converter precisely controls the drive motor's speed, enabling components A, B, and C to circulate rapidly and uniformly in their respective constant-temperature tanks. This reduces the time spent on uneven material mixing, providing stable and uniform raw materials for subsequent mixing reactions and improving pre-production preparation efficiency. In the mixing and casting stage, automated control is employed. A frequency converter controls the metering pump and drive motor's speed, allowing for rapid and accurate control of the component mixing ratio and enabling rapid casting of the mixture, significantly shortening the production cycle. In the cutting and laminating stage, the use of a continuous coating machine and automated cutting equipment enables continuous and rapid production of floor mats, further improving efficiency. Compared to traditional manual or semi-manual production processes, the molding process of this invention automates and continuously processes the production process, reducing manual operation time and errors, thereby significantly improving production efficiency.

[0074] Precise control is key to ensuring consistent product quality. Regarding mixing ratio control, a frequency converter precisely adjusts the speed of the metering pump and drive motor, ensuring the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups in component A or C to isocyanate groups in component B is strictly controlled within the range of 100:(97~103), thus guaranteeing stable and consistent ACF material performance in each production run. Regarding coating width control, by setting a first limit switch 19 and a second limit switch on the fixed bracket, the movement range of the nozzle slide can be precisely controlled, achieving uniform distribution of the mixture in the coating tank, ensuring the uniformity of the ACF material layer thickness, and thus ensuring consistent performance of the floor mat product in different areas. This precise control enables the molding process of this invention to produce biomimetic sports floor mats with stable quality and consistent performance, meeting market demands for high-quality products.

[0075] This invention provides multiple preparation methods to meet diverse production needs, offering high process flexibility. Regarding mold selection, the mat can be formed using square, cylindrical, or elongated molds. Different mold shapes can produce mats of various shapes and sizes, satisfying market demands for diverse mat products. In subsequent processing, different composite processes can be selected based on different product requirements. For example, it can produce a composite of only the wear-resistant layer, reinforcing layer, fiberglass layer, connecting layer, and ACF roll material, or further produce a transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treated layer. This process flexibility allows the biomimetic sports mat of this invention to adapt to different application scenarios and customer needs, offering broader market application prospects.

[0076] The impact absorption rate was tested using the impact absorption method described in section 6.2.1 of GB / T 19995.2.

[0077] The basketball rebound rate was tested using the ball bounce rate method in section 6.2.2 of the GB / T 1999 5.2 standard.

[0078] The ACF materials from the above embodiments were tested and summarized in the following comparative table (Table 2):

[0079] An application of a biomimetic sports mat is disclosed, in which the biomimetic sports mat is applied to the protection of sports fields, children's activity areas, or elderly care facilities. When applied to sports field protection, the biomimetic sports mat achieves energy absorption protection without affecting the rebound rate of basketballs. All applications utilize the nonlinear mechanical response characteristics of the biomimetic sports mat to achieve softness and comfort during low-speed contact and energy absorption protection during high-speed impact.

[0080] The core advantage of this biomimetic sports mat lies in the nonlinear mechanical response characteristics formed by the synergistic combination of the brush-like side chain structure and the gas-solid coupling foam structure of its ACF material. When subjected to low-speed contact (such as human walking or children crawling), the intermolecular forces are weak, allowing the brush-like side chains to deform freely, exhibiting softness and elasticity, ensuring comfort. When subjected to high-speed impact (such as athletes jumping and landing, children falling, or the elderly stumbling), the molecular chains rapidly rearrange and tightly interlock, with the side chains and foam structure undergoing controllable deformation. Through intramolecular friction and foam compression, a large amount of energy is absorbed, reducing the peak impact acceleration to below the human safety threshold while preventing permanent material deformation. Based on this core characteristic, this mat can be precisely adapted to the core protection scenarios of sports fields and children's activity areas, and in sports field scenarios, it can balance protection with sports-specific performance (such as basketball rebound).

[0081] The technical effects of this invention in sports field protection scenarios, targeting typical sports scenarios such as basketball courts, badminton courts, and fitness training grounds, enable the replacement of wooden floors. The working principle of this invention is as follows: (1) Impact absorption and sports safety adaptation: When athletes jump and land (impact speed 2~3m / s, which is a high-speed impact), the brush-like side chains of the ACF material of the mat deform rapidly, the gas in the pores is compressed instantly and slowly released through the open structure, forming a continuous process of "buffering-energy absorption-energy release", which can control the impact absorption rate to more than 53% (meeting the impact absorption requirements of sports field in GBT19995.2 standard), effectively reducing the impact force on the knee and ankle joints and reducing sports injuries; (2) Guaranteed Basketball Rebound Rate: Traditional energy-absorbing mats are prone to insufficient ball rebound rate due to excessive energy absorption, affecting the sports experience. This invention precisely controls the pore size distribution (pore size 50~200μm, open-cell to closed-cell ratio 1:1) and cross-linking density of the ACF material, so that the mat retains sufficient elastic recovery ability while absorbing impact energy. According to the ball rebound rate test method in GBT19995.2 standard 6.2.2, the basketball rebound rate exceeds 90%, which is consistent with the rebound rate of professional sports wood flooring, fully meeting the requirements of basketball for ground rebound performance and achieving the core goal of "protection without disturbing sports". (3) Wear Resistance and Stability: Sports venues have high traffic volume, requiring the ground to have excellent wear resistance. The PVC / TPU surface layer of this invention's mat is combined with a reinforcing layer and a glass fiber layer. After wear resistance testing (Taber abrasion tester, 1000 rpm), the wear amount is ≤0.01g. Furthermore, the cross-linked structure of the ACF material can avoid elastic decay after long-term pressure, ensuring that the mat maintains stable protective and athletic performance under high-frequency use. It achieves "high-speed impact protection" without affecting the specific performance of the sport.

[0082] In the context of child activity area safety, the working principle of this invention is as follows: (1) Softness and comfort guarantee: When children crawl, walk or make low-speed contact, the brush-like side chains of the ACF material of the floor mat can be freely deformed. The Shore hardness of the material is controlled between A25 and A35. It is soft to the touch and has moderate support, avoiding discomfort caused by children bumping into things due to excessive hardness, or affecting the development of children's walking balance ability due to excessive softness. (2) Low-speed impact protection: When a child falls (the impact energy is small but bumps and injuries need to be avoided), the air-solid coupling foam structure of the floor mat can quickly absorb the impact energy and control the peak impact acceleration to below 50G (far below the child's bone tolerance threshold). At the same time, the elastic recovery performance of the material can prevent the child from being "absorbed" by the floor mat after falling and causing secondary bumps. (3) Environmental protection and safety: This invention uses bio-based polyols (starch-based, vegetable oil-based) to replace traditional petroleum-based raw materials, and the production process does not release harmful substances such as formaldehyde and formamide. According to third-party testing (GB 6675.1-2014 "Toy Safety Part 1: Basic Specifications"), the content of harmful substances meets the safety standards for children's products. At the same time, the antibacterial coating on the surface of the material can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, which meets the hygiene needs of children's activity areas.

[0083] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and any modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic sports mat, comprising a surface layer, characterized in that, The surface layer is a PVC surface layer or a TPU surface layer, and the surface layer is coated or pasted with ACF material, which is prepared by mixing component A and component B; or by mixing component C and component B. Component A is composed of the following parts by weight: 20-70 parts of polyol type 1, 20 parts of bio-based polyol, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.1-0.5 parts of water, 0.2 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.1-0.5 parts of organobismuth catalyst, 0.1-0.5 parts of Y10366, and 5 parts of 1,4-butanediol. Component A is stored separately in a first constant temperature container at 25-30 degrees Celsius. The B component comprises, by weight, 20-50 parts of carbide-modified MDI and 50-80 parts of prepolymer-modified MDI with an NCO content of 18-22%; the B component is stored separately in a second constant temperature container at 25-30 degrees Celsius. The prepolymer-modified MDI is a prepolymer with an NCO% content between 18% and 22% generated by a prepolymerization reaction of isocyanate and polyol type 1; the isocyanate is pure MDI; the pure MDI is a mixture of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 2,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, wherein the 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate content reaches 97% to 99.5%; The NCO content of the carbodiimide-modified MDI is 29-31%; The C component is formed by mixing 30-70 parts of polyol type 1, 20 parts of polyol type 2, 10 parts of 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol, 0.05 parts of bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 0.3-1 parts of thermosensitive catalyst, and 2 parts of 1,4-butanediol in the following weight proportions. The C component is stored separately in a third constant temperature container at 25-30 degrees Celsius. The molar ratio of hydroxyl groups in component A or component C to isocyanate groups in component B is 100:(97-103).

2. The biomimetic sports mat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyol type 1 includes polytetrahydrofuran ether polyols with molecular weights of 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 and a functionality of 2, and bio-based polyether polyols (PO3G) with molecular weights of 1000, 2000, and 2700, or one or a combination of two of them.

3. The biomimetic sports mat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyol type 2 is a polyether polyol with a molecular weight of 400 to 1000; The hydroxyl value of the bio-based polyol is 112-280 mg KOH / g, and the bio-based polyol is selected from plant oil-based polyols.

4. The biomimetic sports mat according to claim 1, characterized in that: Components C and A also include one or more of the following: antioxidants, UV absorbers, antifungal and antibacterial agents, flame retardants, coupling agents, smoke inhibitors, pigments, antistatic agents, diluents, surface wetting agents, leveling agents, thixotropic agents, and plasticizers.

5. The biomimetic sports mat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C and A components also contain one or more fillers selected from microcapsules, glass fiber, hollow glass microspheres, rubber elastic particles, carbon nanotubes, aluminum hydroxide, melamine, calcium carbonate, talc, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, rare earth, nano silica, and negative ion powder.

6. A method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare component A and component B, and store them in the first and second constant temperature containers respectively; S2. Close the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, and start the first drive motor connected to the first frequency converter and the second drive motor connected to the second frequency converter respectively. Component A of the first constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the first drive motor from the discharge port along the pipeline, and then returns to the first return port through the first three-way valve. Component B of the second constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the second drive motor from the discharge port along the pipeline, and then returns to the second return port through the second three-way valve. Component B returns to the second constant temperature tank. S3. Open the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve respectively. Component A from the first constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the first drive motor through the outlet and then enters the mixing head through the first three-way valve. Component B from the second constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the second drive motor through the outlet and then enters the mixing head through the second three-way valve. Control the speed ratio of the metering pump connected to the first drive motor and the metering pump connected to the second drive motor connected to the first frequency converter to control the mixing ratio of component A and component B. Component A and component B are mixed at high speed according to the ratio of -OH to -NCO 100:(97~103), the high-speed mixing speed is 5000~10000 rpm, and the high-speed mixing time is 0.1~0.3s, forming a mixture. There will be a delay time between the opening time of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, which is between 0.1-0.3s. S4. Spray the release agent into the inner cavity of the molding mold, pour the mixture into the square molding mold, close the mold and lock it, then react and cure to form a foam. The mold temperature is 60~70℃, the mold locking pressure is 0.8Mpa, and the mold curing time is 20~25min. After the foam is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. The foam is then cut into sheets by a flat cutter, and multiple sheets are bonded together end to end by welding or gluing and rolled into ACF rolls. Alternatively, the mixture is poured into a cylindrical molding mold and rotated and foamed to form a foam body. The mold temperature is 50~60℃, the mold clamping pressure is 1.5Mpa, the mold closing curing time is 15~25min, and after the foam body is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. Then, the foam body is cut by a circular cutter and rolled into ACF rolls. Alternatively, the mixture is poured into a long strip forming mold to foam and cure to form a foam body. The mold temperature is 40~50℃ and the curing time is 30~40 minutes. After the foam body is removed from the mold, it continues to cure at room temperature for 24 hours. The foam body is then cut into long sheets by a flat cutter. Multiple sheets are then bonded end to end by welding or gluing and rolled into ACF rolls. S5. Using a continuous coating machine, a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer are sequentially coated on the release paper to form the surface layer. Then, the surface layer is bonded to the ACF roll material to create a biomimetic sports mat. Alternatively, a continuous coating machine can be used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a connecting layer, which together form the surface layer. Then, the surface layer is bonded to the ACF roll material using an adhesive method. After that, a transfer printing layer, a PVC transparent layer, and a PUR treatment layer are produced to create a biomimetic sports mat. Alternatively, a continuous coating machine can be used to sequentially coat the release paper with a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a fiberglass layer, and a bonding layer, which together form the surface layer. This surface layer is then bonded to the ACF roll material using an adhesive method. Finally, a PVC transparent layer and a PUR treated layer are produced to create a biomimetic sports mat.

7. A method for preparing a biomimetic sports mat as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S11. Prepare component C and component B, and store them in the third and second constant temperature containers respectively. S12. Close the third three-way valve and the second three-way valve, and start the third drive motor connected to the third frequency converter and the second drive motor connected to the second frequency converter respectively. Component C of the third constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the third drive motor from the discharge port along the pipeline, and then returns to the third return port through the third three-way valve. Component C returns to the third constant temperature tank. Component B of the second constant temperature tank enters the pump connected to the second drive motor from the discharge port along the pipeline, and then returns to the second return port through the second three-way valve. Component B returns to the second constant temperature tank. S13. Open the third three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the one-way valve respectively. Component C from the third constant temperature tank enters the third pump through the pipeline from the outlet and then enters the mixing head through the third three-way valve. Component B from the second constant temperature tank enters the mixing head through the pipeline from the outlet and then enters the pump connected to the third drive motor through the pipeline and then enters the mixing head through the second three-way valve. Air or nitrogen is injected into the mixing head through the high-pressure gas nozzle connected to the mixing head via the gas pipe and the one-way valve after the flow rate is controlled by the gas flow meter. Control the speed ratio of the metering pump connected to the third drive motor connected to the third frequency converter and the metering pump connected to the second drive motor connected to the second frequency converter to control the mixing ratio of component C and component B. Component C and component B are mixed at a ratio of -OH to -NCO of 100:(97~103) at a mixing speed of 300~500 rpm and a mixing time of 3~5s, and are combined with air or nitrogen to form a mixture. S14. The mixed material is introduced into the nozzle through the guide pipe. The nozzle is connected to the slide table, and the nozzle slide table is connected to the fixed bracket. The fixed bracket is respectively equipped with a first limit switch and a second limit switch. The positions of the first limit switch and the second limit switch correspond to the left and right sides of the scraping to control the scraping width. The mixed material is evenly poured into the scraping material tank through the nozzle using the nozzle slide table in a reciprocating swinging motion. Then, it is evenly scraped onto the bonding layer of the surface layer by the scraper. After being placed in an oven at 80-120℃ for baking, it is cured at room temperature for 24 hours to produce a biomimetic sports mat. The surface layer is manufactured by a continuous scraping machine by sequentially coating a wear-resistant layer, a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber layer, and a bonding layer on release paper.

8. An application of the biomimetic sports mat as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The biomimetic sports mat is applied to sports field protection, children's activity area protection, or elderly care facility floor protection. When applied to sports field protection, the biomimetic sports mat achieves energy absorption protection without affecting the basketball's rebound rate. All applications utilize the nonlinear mechanical response characteristics of the biomimetic sports mat to achieve soft comfort during low-speed contact and energy absorption protection during high-speed impact.

Images