Epoxy resin material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an epoxy resin material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The epoxy resin material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of epoxy resin, 5-15 parts of a silane modified composite material, 300-500 parts of aluminum oxide, 40-100 parts of a curing agent and 0.5-2 parts of a dispersing agent, the silane modified composite material comprises silane modified glass fibers and a silane modified silicon dioxide material in a mass ratio of 1: (0.3-0.6); the average length of the silane modified glass fiber is 0.2 to 0.5 mm. The epoxy resin material has high tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and more specifically, to an epoxy resin material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Epoxy resin materials are widely used in gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear of various voltage levels due to their excellent electrical insulation properties, simple manufacturing process, and flexible design. Currently, existing technology uses epoxy resin insulators to connect the flange-side copper shell to the explosion-proof side copper shell when manufacturing explosion-proof copper shells for cable joints. Under normal operating conditions, the epoxy insulators must withstand mechanical loads such as the weight of the copper shell and shell vibration. Furthermore, when a cable joint fails, an explosion may occur accompanied by varying degrees of combustion, subjecting the epoxy insulators to extremely strong impact loads. If the epoxy insulators are damaged, it could affect nearby maintenance personnel and the cable line, posing a serious safety hazard. Therefore, enhancing the mechanical properties (including tensile strength, compressive strength, and impact strength) of epoxy insulators for cable joints is crucial to preventing accidents.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an epoxy resin material with high tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide an epoxy resin material, its preparation method, and its application.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an epoxy resin material comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts epoxy resin, 5-15 parts silane-modified composite material, 300-500 parts alumina, 40-100 parts curing agent, 0.5-2 parts dispersant; The silane-modified composite material comprises silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material in a mass ratio of 1:(0.3-0.6); The average length of the silane-modified glass fiber is 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0006] The epoxy resin material of this invention has high tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength.

[0007] Specifically, the silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material of a specific mass ratio and a specific length of the present invention can be uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin system to form a specific rigid network structure. When combined with alumina, it can not only avoid stress concentration and ensure uniform transmission of external force, but also prevent crack propagation, increase the propagation path and energy consumption, and improve the density of the system, thereby improving the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of the epoxy resin material.

[0008] In addition, silane-modified glass fibers with an average length of 0.2-0.5 mm are short fibers, which can not only form a specific and stable rigid network structure with silane-modified silica materials, but also avoid the agglomeration and anisotropy problems that are easily caused by long fibers, thus helping to improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0009] Preferably, in the silane-modified composite material, the mass ratio of the silane-modified glass fiber to the silane-modified silica material is one of 1:0.3, 1:0.4, 1:0.5, 1:0.6 or any value between the two.

[0010] Preferably, the average length of the silane-modified glass fiber is one of 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, or any value between two of them.

[0011] In this invention, the method for measuring the average length of the silane-modified glass fiber is as follows: at least 100 glass fibers are randomly selected, and the length of each glass fiber is observed and measured using an optical microscope. The maximum and minimum lengths are removed, and then the arithmetic mean of the remaining data is calculated, which is the average length of the glass fiber.

[0012] Preferably, the silane-modified glass fiber is a glass fiber with a silane coupling agent disposed on its surface.

[0013] More preferably, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the glass fiber is (1-3):100, specifically (1.5-2.5):100.

[0014] More preferably, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the glass fiber is one of 1:100, 1.3:100, 1.5:100, 1.8:100, 2:100, 2.3:100, 2.5:100, 2.8:100, 3:100, or any value between two of them.

[0015] More preferably, the silane coupling agent comprises at least one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (CAS No.: 919-30-2, KH-550), 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 13822-56-5, KH-540), N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 1760-24-3, KH-792), γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 2530-83-8, KH-560), and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 2530-85-0, KH-570).

[0016] More preferably, the average diameter of the glass fiber is 5-15 μm, specifically 6-13 μm.

[0017] More preferably, the average diameter of the glass fiber is one or a range between any two of the following: 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, and 15μm.

[0018] In this invention, the method for measuring the average diameter of the glass fiber is as follows: at least 100 glass fibers are randomly selected, and the diameter of each glass fiber is observed and measured using an optical microscope. The maximum and minimum diameter values ​​are removed, and then the arithmetic mean of the remaining data is calculated, which is the average diameter of the glass fiber.

[0019] In this invention, the silane-modified glass fiber can be obtained commercially or prepared by conventional methods in the art.

[0020] Preferably, the silane-modified silica material is a silica material with a silane coupling agent disposed on its surface.

[0021] More preferably, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the silicon dioxide material is (1-3):100, specifically (1.5-2.5):100.

[0022] More preferably, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the silica material is one of 1:100, 1.3:100, 1.5:100, 1.8:100, 2:100, 2.3:100, 2.5:100, 2.8:100, 3:100, or any value between two of them.

[0023] More preferably, the silane coupling agent comprises at least one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (CAS No.: 919-30-2, KH-550), 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 13822-56-5, KH-540), N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 1760-24-3, KH-792), γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 2530-83-8, KH-560), and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CAS No.: 2530-85-0, KH-570).

[0024] More preferably, the silica material includes at least one of solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica.

[0025] More preferably, the silica material includes solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica, and the mass ratio of solid silica to hollow mesoporous silica is 1:(0.5-5), specifically 1:(1-3).

[0026] When using a specific mass ratio of solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica, the specific rigid network structure formed by silane-modified silica materials and silane-modified glass fibers can better cooperate with alumina, thereby better avoiding stress concentration, ensuring more uniform transmission of external forces, and better preventing crack propagation, increasing the propagation path and energy consumption, which in turn helps to further improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0027] More preferably, the mass ratio of the solid silica to the hollow mesoporous silica is one of or between any two of the following: 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5, and 1:5.

[0028] More preferably, the silica material comprises solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica, wherein the mass ratio of solid silica to hollow mesoporous silica is 1:(1-2).

[0029] More preferably, the average particle size of the solid silica is 5-50 nm, specifically 8-50 nm.

[0030] More preferably, the average particle size of the solid silica is a range of one or any two of the following: 5nm, 6nm, 7nm, 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, 11nm, 12nm, 13nm, 14nm, 15nm, 17nm, 18nm, 20nm, 22nm, 23nm, 24nm, 25nm, 26nm, 27nm, 28nm, 30nm, 35nm, 40nm, 45nm, and 50nm.

[0031] More preferably, the solid silica has an average particle size of 8-25 nm.

[0032] More preferably, the average particle size of the hollow mesoporous silica is 20-200 nm, specifically 40-160 nm.

[0033] More preferably, the average particle size of the hollow mesoporous silica is one or more of the following: 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm, 100nm, 110nm, 120nm, 130nm, 140nm, 150nm, 160nm, 170nm, 180nm, 190nm, and 200nm, or any combination thereof.

[0034] More preferably, the average particle size of the hollow mesoporous silica is 40-120 nm.

[0035] In this invention, the average particle size of the solid silica and / or hollow mesoporous silica is measured as follows: the solid silica and / or hollow mesoporous silica are analyzed and tested using a laser particle size analyzer - Mastersizer3000 according to the national standard GB / T 41949-2022, and the D50 particle size is taken as the average particle size of the solid silica and / or hollow mesoporous silica.

[0036] In this invention, the silane-modified silica material can be obtained by purchasing commercially available materials or by making it in-house using conventional methods in the art.

[0037] Preferably, the epoxy resin includes at least one of bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin (CAS No.: 244772-00-7).

[0038] More preferably, the epoxy resin includes bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin (CAS No.: 244772-00-7), and the mass ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin and the alicyclic epoxy resin is (0.1-8):1, specifically (0.5-6):1.

[0039] When bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin are used in a specific mass ratio, not only can silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica materials be more uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin system, but bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin can also better form a stable three-dimensional cross-linked network with the curing agent, which is beneficial to further improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0040] More preferably, the mass ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin and the alicyclic epoxy resin is one of or between any two of the following: 0.1:1, 0.3:1, 0.5:1, 0.8:1, 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, 4.5:1, 5:1, 5.5:1, 6:1, 6.5:1, 7:1, 7.5:1, and 8:1.

[0041] More preferably, the epoxy resin comprises bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin (CAS No.: 244772-00-7), and the mass ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin to the alicyclic epoxy resin is (2-4):1.

[0042] Preferably, the average particle size of the alumina is 0.1-10 μm, specifically 0.1-5 μm.

[0043] Preferably, the average particle size of the alumina is one or any two of the following: 0.1 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, and 10 μm.

[0044] More preferably, the alumina has an average particle size of 0.5-5 μm.

[0045] In this invention, the average particle size of alumina is measured as follows: a laser particle size analyzer - Mastersizer3000 is used to perform particle size analysis on alumina according to the national standard GB / T 41949-2022, and the D50 particle size is used as the average particle size of alumina.

[0046] Preferably, the curing agent includes at least one of tetraethylenepentamine, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, 2-methylimidazole, and dicyandiamide.

[0047] Commonly used dispersants in the art can be used in this invention. For example, the dispersant includes at least one of BYK-110, BYK-163, EFKA-4010, BYK-190, and BYK-180.

[0048] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing an epoxy resin material, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix epoxy resin, silane-modified glass fiber and dispersant to obtain a premix; S2. Add silane-modified silica material, alumina and curing agent to the premix and mix to obtain epoxy resin material.

[0049] Preferably, in step S2, the mixing temperature is 35-60°C.

[0050] Thirdly, the present invention provides an application of epoxy resin material in cable joints.

[0051] Fourthly, the present invention provides an application of epoxy resin material in explosion-proof copper shells for cable joints.

[0052] Preferably, the explosion-proof copper shell of the cable connector is connected to the flange-side copper shell and the explosion-proof copper shell using an epoxy insulation component made of the epoxy resin material.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The epoxy resin material of this invention has high tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength.

[0054] Specifically, the silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material of a specific mass ratio and a specific length of the present invention can be uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin system to form a specific rigid network structure. When combined with alumina, it can not only avoid stress concentration and ensure uniform transmission of external force, but also prevent crack propagation, increase the propagation path and energy consumption, and improve the density of the system, thereby improving the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of the epoxy resin material.

[0055] In addition, silane-modified glass fibers with an average length of 0.2-0.5 mm are short fibers, which can not only form a specific and stable rigid network structure with silane-modified silica materials, but also avoid the agglomeration and anisotropy problems that are easily caused by long fibers, thus helping to improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0056] When using a specific mass ratio of solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica, the specific rigid network structure formed by silane-modified silica materials and silane-modified glass fibers can better cooperate with alumina, thereby better avoiding stress concentration, ensuring more uniform transmission of external forces, and better preventing crack propagation, increasing the propagation path and energy consumption, which in turn helps to further improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0057] When bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin are used in a specific mass ratio, not only can silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica materials be more uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin system, but bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin can also better form a stable three-dimensional cross-linked network with the curing agent, which is beneficial to further improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0059] In the following examples, experimental methods without specific conditions are generally performed under conventional conditions in the art or as recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials and reagents used are commercially available from the general market. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, "parts" and "%" refer to mass measurements.

[0060] The reagents used in the various embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are as follows: Glass fiber-1, with an average length of 0.3 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm, was obtained by cutting and shredding glass fibers (ECS13-04-508A, China Jushi Co., Ltd.) with an average length of 3 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm and then screening them. Glass fiber-2, with an average length of 0.5 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm, was obtained by cutting and shredding glass fibers (ECS13-04-508A, China Jushi Co., Ltd.) with an average length of 3 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm and then screening them. Glass fiber-3, with an average length of 0.2 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm, was obtained by cutting and shredding glass fibers (ECS13-04-508A, China Jushi Co., Ltd.) with an average length of 3 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm and then screening them. Glass fiber-4, with an average length of 0.05 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm, was obtained by cutting and shredding glass fibers (ECS13-04-508A, China Jushi Co., Ltd.) with an average length of 3 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm and then screening them. Glass fiber-5, with an average length of 1.0 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm, was obtained by cutting and shredding glass fibers (ECS13-04-508A, China Jushi Co., Ltd.) with an average length of 3 mm and an average diameter of 13 μm and then screening them. Solid silica-1, with an average particle size of 15 nm, is obtained by grinding and crushing solid silica (Maclean, S698073) with a particle size of approximately 250 nm and then screening it. Solid silica-2, with an average particle size of 25 nm, is obtained by grinding and crushing solid silica (Maclean, S698073) with a particle size of approximately 250 nm and then screening it. Solid silica-3, with an average particle size of 8 nm, is obtained by grinding and crushing solid silica (Maclean, S698073) with a particle size of approximately 250 nm and then screening it. Solid silica-4, with an average particle size of 50 nm, is obtained by grinding and crushing solid silica (Maclean, S698073) with a particle size of approximately 250 nm and then screening it. Hollow mesoporous silica-1, with an average particle size of 80 nm, was obtained by screening hollow mesoporous silica (Nanjing Xianfeng Nanomaterials, item number 103679, part number XFF29) with an average particle size of approximately 100 nm. Hollow mesoporous silica-2, with an average particle size of 120 nm, was obtained by screening hollow mesoporous silica (Nanjing Xianfeng Nanomaterials, item number 102888, part number XFF29) with an average particle size of approximately 200 nm. Hollow mesoporous silica-3, with an average particle size of 40 nm, was obtained by screening hollow mesoporous silica (Nanjing Xianfeng Nanomaterials, item number 104329, part number XFF29) with an average particle size of approximately 50 nm. Hollow mesoporous silica-4, with an average particle size of 160 nm, was obtained by screening hollow mesoporous silica (Nanjing Xianfeng Nanomaterials, item number 102888, part number XFF29) with an average particle size of approximately 200 nm. Bisphenol A type epoxy resin, NPEL-128, Nan Ya; Alicyclic epoxy resin, Araldite CY 179-1, Huntsman, USA; Alumina-1, with an average particle size of 2.5 μm, was obtained by grinding and crushing alumina (Maclean, A800195) with a particle size of 5-6 μm and then screening it. Alumina-2, with an average particle size of 5μm, was obtained by grinding and crushing 5-6μm alumina (Maclean, A800195) and then screening. Alumina-3, with an average particle size of 0.5 μm, was obtained by grinding and crushing alumina (Maclean, A800195) with a particle size of 5-6 μm and then screening it. Alumina-4, with an average particle size of 0.1 μm, was obtained by grinding and crushing alumina (Maclean, A800195) with a particle size of 5-6 μm and then screening it. Curing agent, tetraethylenepentamine, commercially available; Dispersant, BYK-110, BYK (Germany); In this invention, the method for measuring the average length of the silane-modified glass fiber is as follows: 100 glass fibers are randomly selected, and the length of each glass fiber is observed and measured using an optical microscope. The maximum and minimum lengths are removed, and then the arithmetic mean of the remaining data is calculated, which is the average length of the glass fiber. In this invention, the method for measuring the average diameter of the glass fiber is as follows: 100 glass fibers are randomly selected, and the diameter of each glass fiber is observed and measured using an optical microscope. The maximum and minimum diameter values ​​are removed, and then the arithmetic mean of the remaining data is calculated, which is the average diameter of the glass fiber. In this invention, the average particle size of the solid silica and / or hollow mesoporous silica is measured as follows: the solid silica and / or hollow mesoporous silica are analyzed and tested using a laser particle size analyzer - Mastersizer3000 according to the national standard GB / T 41949-2022, and the D50 particle size is taken as the average particle size of the solid silica and / or hollow mesoporous silica. In this invention, the average particle size of alumina is measured as follows: a laser particle size analyzer - Mastersizer3000 is used to perform particle size analysis on alumina according to the national standard GB / T 41949-2022, and the D50 particle size is used as the average particle size of alumina.

[0061] Example 1 This embodiment provides an epoxy resin material comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts epoxy resin, 7 parts silane-modified composite material, 414 parts alumina-1, 90 parts curing agent, 1 part dispersant; The epoxy resin is a bisphenol A type epoxy resin and an alicyclic epoxy resin in a mass ratio of 3:1. The silane-modified composite material comprises silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material in a mass ratio of 1:0.4; The silane-modified glass fiber has an average length of 0.3 mm. The silane-modified glass fiber is glass fiber-1 with a surface coated with silane coupling agent-1 (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, CAS No.: 919-30-2, KH-550). The mass ratio of silane coupling agent-1 (KH-550) to glass fiber-1 is 2:100. The preparation method of the silane-modified glass fiber includes the following steps: (1) Mix silane coupling agent-1 (KH-550) and 75% ethanol solution (solvent is water) at a ratio of 1g:100mL, stir magnetically for 10min, then adjust the pH of the system to 3.5 with glacial acetic acid, and continue stirring for 30min to obtain silane coupling agent-1 hydrolysate for later use; (2) Place glass fiber-1 in acetone and ultrasonically clean for 20 min to remove surface oil stains. Then place it in an oven at 110℃ and dry for 2 h to obtain pretreated glass fiber-1 for later use. At this time, weigh the mass of pretreated glass fiber-1 m1g. (3) Add the pretreated glass fiber-1 to the above silane coupling agent-1 hydrolysate, stir and soak in a constant temperature water bath at 50℃ for 1.5h, stirring once every 20min to ensure uniform modification. After soaking, filter and take out the glass fiber, rinse the surface of the glass fiber with a 75% ethanol solution (solvent is water) to remove the residual silane coupling agent-1 hydrolysate, and then put it in an 80℃ vacuum drying oven to dry for 4h. After cooling to room temperature, the silane modified glass fiber is obtained. At this time, weigh the mass m2g of the silane modified glass fiber, and (m2-m1):m1=silane coupling agent-1 (KH-550):glass fiber-1=2:100. The silane-modified silica material is a silica material with silane coupling agent-1 (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, CAS No.: 919-30-2, KH-550) deposited on its surface. The mass ratio of silane coupling agent-1 (KH-550) to silica material is 2:100. The silica material comprises solid silica-1 and hollow mesoporous silica-1 in a mass ratio of 1:1.5. The preparation method of the silane-modified silica material includes the following steps: (1) Solid silica-1 and hollow mesoporous silica-1 with a mass ratio of 1:1.5 were mixed at a speed of 1500 r / min for 5 min to obtain mixed silica powder-1 for later use; at this time, the mass of mixed silica powder-1 was weighed as m3g. (2) Mix silane coupling agent-1 (KH-550) and 75% ethanol solution (solvent is water) at a ratio of 1g:100mL, stir magnetically for 10min, then adjust the pH of the system to 3.5 with glacial acetic acid, and continue stirring for 30min to obtain silane coupling agent-1 hydrolysate for later use; (3) Add silane coupling agent-1 hydrolysate to mixed silica powder-1, first stir magnetically for 1 hour at room temperature, then ultrasonically disperse for 45 minutes at 200W power to ensure that the powder is fully wetted, then stir for 2 hours in an oil bath at 60℃, then centrifuge at 8000r / min for 10 minutes, collect the precipitate, wash it 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, and then dry it in an oven at 100℃ for 6 hours to obtain silane modified silica material; at this time, weigh the mass of silane modified silica material m4g, and (m4-m3):m3=silane coupling agent-1 (KH-550):silica material=2:100; The preparation method of the above-mentioned epoxy resin material includes the following steps: S1. At 200 rpm, epoxy resin, silane-modified glass fiber and dispersant were mixed for 15 min to obtain a premix. S2. Add silane-modified silica material, alumina-1 and curing agent to the premix, mix at 45℃ and 200rpm for 80min, and then degas at -0.1MPa vacuum for 40min to obtain epoxy resin material.

[0062] Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 provide different epoxy resin materials. The difference between them and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material is different. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1, as shown in the table below: Table 1. Mass ratio of silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 4-5 Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 4-5 provide different epoxy resin materials, differing from Example 1 in that the average length of the silane-modified glass fiber is different; otherwise, they are the same as in Example 1, as shown in the table below: Table 2. Average length of silane-modified glass fibers in Examples 1, 4-5 and Comparative Example 4-5. Examples 6-10 Examples 6-10 provide different epoxy resin materials, which differ from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of solid silica-1 and hollow mesoporous silica-1 is different. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1, as shown in the table below: Table 3. Mass ratio of solid silica-1 and hollow mesoporous silica-1 in Examples 1 and 6-10 Examples 11-13 Examples 11-13 provide different epoxy resin materials, which differ from Example 1 in that the average particle size of the solid silica is different. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1, as shown in the table below: Table 4 Average particle size of solid silica in Examples 1 and 11-13 Examples 14-16 Examples 14-16 provide different epoxy resin materials, which differ from Example 1 in that the average particle size of the hollow mesoporous silica is different. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1, as shown in the table below: Table 5. Average particle size of hollow mesoporous silica in Examples 1, 14-16 Examples 17-22 Examples 17-22 provide different epoxy resin materials, which differ from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin is different. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1, as shown in the table below: Table 6. Mass ratio of bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin in Examples 1 and 22 (17-22) Examples 23-25 Examples 23-25 ​​provide different epoxy resin materials, which differ from Example 1 in that the average particle size of the alumina is different. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1, as shown in the table below: Table 7 Average particle size of alumina in Example 1, 23-25 Example 26 This embodiment provides an epoxy resin material, which differs from Embodiment 1 as follows: (1) The epoxy resin material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts epoxy resin, 5 parts silane-modified composite material, 500 parts alumina-1, 40 parts curing agent, 2 parts dispersant; (2) Replace all of the silane coupling agent-1 (3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, CAS No.: 13822-56-5, KH-540) with silane coupling agent-2 (3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, CAS No.: 919-30-2, KH-550). On this basis, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent-2 (KH-540) to the glass fiber-1 is 1.5:100, and the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent-2 (KH-540) to the silica material is 1.5:100. All others are referenced in Example 1.

[0063] Example 27 This embodiment provides an epoxy resin material, which differs from Embodiment 1 as follows: (1) The epoxy resin material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts epoxy resin, 15 parts silane modified composite material, 300 parts alumina-1, 100 parts curing agent, and 0.5 parts dispersant. (2) Replace all of the silane coupling agent-1 (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, CAS No.: 919-30-2, KH-550) with silane coupling agent-3 (N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, CAS No.: 1760-24-3, KH-792). On this basis, the mass ratio of silane coupling agent-3 (KH-792) to glass fiber-1 is 2.5:100, and the mass ratio of silane coupling agent-3 (KH-792) to silicon dioxide material is 2.5:100. All others are referenced in Example 1.

[0064] Performance testing The epoxy resin materials of each embodiment and comparative example were subjected to the following performance tests: 1. Tensile strength test: (1) Sample preparation: Epoxy resin material at 45℃ was vacuum cast into a mold (150mm long, 15mm wide, and 5mm high), heated to 120℃ at 2.5℃ / min, cured for 2 hours, and then cured at 110℃ for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mold was demolded to obtain the test sample. Five parallel test samples were prepared for each group. (2) Test method: According to GB / T 1040.1-2018 "Determination of tensile properties of plastics - Part 1: General rules", the tensile strength of the test samples was tested using a universal testing machine at a tensile speed of 5 mm / min under the conditions of temperature 23℃±2℃ and relative humidity 50%±5%. The results of 5 parallel test samples were recorded, and the average value was taken after removing the maximum and minimum values ​​as the final test result. 2. Compressive strength test: (1) Sample preparation: Epoxy resin material at 45℃ was vacuum cast into a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 20mm×20mm. The temperature was increased to 120℃ at a rate of 2.5℃ / min and cured for 2 hours. Then, it was cured at 110℃ for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mold was demolded to obtain the test sample. Five parallel test samples were prepared for each group. (2) Test method: According to GB / T 1041-2008 "Determination of Compression Properties of Plastics", the compressive strength of the test sample was tested using a universal testing machine at a compression speed of 2 mm / min under an environment of 23℃±2℃ and 50%±5% relative humidity. The test was stopped when the compression of the test sample reached 10% of the original height or when obvious damage occurred. The value at this time was recorded, and the average of 5 parallel test samples was taken as the final test result. The greater the compressive strength, the greater the compressive strength of the epoxy resin material; 3. Impact strength test: (1) Sample preparation: Epoxy resin material at 45℃ was vacuum cast into a standard notched sample mold (Type A notch, notch depth 2mm, notch angle 45°) of 80mm×10mm×4mm. The temperature was increased to 120℃ at 2.5℃ / min and cured for 2h. Then, it was cured at 110℃ for 24h. After cooling to room temperature, the sample was demolded to obtain the notched test sample. Five parallel notched test samples were prepared for each group. (2) Test method: According to GB / T 1843-2008 "Determination of Impact Strength of Plastic Cantilever Beams", the notched test samples were subjected to cantilever beam notched impact strength test under the conditions of temperature 23℃±2℃ and relative humidity 50%±5%, and the average value of 5 parallel notched test samples was taken as the test result. The experimental results are shown in the table below: Table 8 Performance test results of epoxy resin materials in each embodiment and comparative example As shown in Table 8, the epoxy resin material of the present invention has high tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength.

[0065] Specifically, the silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material of a specific mass ratio and a specific length of the present invention can be uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin system to form a specific rigid network structure. When combined with alumina, it can not only avoid stress concentration and ensure uniform transmission of external force, but also prevent crack propagation, increase the propagation path and energy consumption, and improve the density of the system, thereby improving the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of the epoxy resin material.

[0066] In addition, silane-modified glass fibers with an average length of 0.2-0.5 mm are short fibers, which can not only form a specific and stable rigid network structure with silane-modified silica materials, but also avoid the agglomeration and anisotropy problems that are easily caused by long fibers, thus helping to improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0067] When using a specific mass ratio of solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica, the specific rigid network structure formed by silane-modified silica materials and silane-modified glass fibers can better cooperate with alumina, thereby better avoiding stress concentration, ensuring more uniform transmission of external forces, and better preventing crack propagation, increasing the propagation path and energy consumption, which in turn helps to further improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0068] When bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin are used in a specific mass ratio, not only can silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica materials be more uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin system, but bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin can also better form a stable three-dimensional cross-linked network with the curing agent, which is beneficial to further improve the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of epoxy resin materials.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An epoxy resin material, characterized in that, The components include the following parts by weight: 100 parts epoxy resin, 5-15 parts silane-modified composite material, 300-500 parts alumina, 40-100 parts curing agent, 0.5-2 parts dispersant; The silane-modified composite material comprises silane-modified glass fiber and silane-modified silica material in a mass ratio of 1:(0.3-0.6); The average length of the silane-modified glass fiber is 0.2-0.5 mm.

2. The epoxy resin material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following (1)-(2): (1) The silane-modified glass fiber is a glass fiber with a silane coupling agent on its surface; (2) The silane-modified silica material is a silica material with a silane coupling agent on its surface.

3. The epoxy resin material as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following (1)-(5): (1) The mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the glass fiber is (1-3):100; (2) The silane coupling agent includes at least one of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. (3) The average diameter of the glass fiber is 5-15 μm; (4) The mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the silica material is (1-3):100; (5) The silica material includes at least one of solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica.

4. The epoxy resin material as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following (1)-(3): (1) The silica material includes solid silica and hollow mesoporous silica, and the mass ratio of solid silica to hollow mesoporous silica is 1:(1-3); (2) The average particle size of the solid silica is 8-50 nm; (3) The average particle size of the hollow mesoporous silica is 40-160 nm.

5. The epoxy resin material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The epoxy resin includes at least one of bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin.

6. The epoxy resin material as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The epoxy resin includes bisphenol A type epoxy resin and alicyclic epoxy resin, and the mass ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin to the alicyclic epoxy resin is (0.5-6):

1.

7. The epoxy resin material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The alumina has an average particle size of 0.1-10 μm.

8. The method for preparing the epoxy resin material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Mix epoxy resin, silane-modified glass fiber and dispersant to obtain a premix; S2. Add silane-modified silica material, alumina and curing agent to the premix and mix to obtain epoxy resin material.

9. An application of the epoxy resin material as described in any one of claims 1-7 in a cable joint.

10. The application of the epoxy resin material as described in any one of claims 1-7 in the explosion-proof copper shell for cable joints.

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