Micro-step excavation trolley and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-step excavation trolley and a construction method, the excavation trolley comprises a lower-layer trolley, and the lower-layer trolley comprises a lower-layer frame, an unfolding platform and a lower-layer platform; a middle channel is formed in the lower-layer frame, and the unfolding platform is installed on the lower-layer frame through an unfolding assembly and located in the middle channel. The lower-layer platform is mounted on the outer side of the lower-layer frame; the upper-layer trolley comprises an upper-layer frame, a middle platform and an upper-layer platform; the upper-layer frame is movably mounted on the lower-layer frame; the middle platform is mounted in the upper-layer frame, and the upper-layer platform is mounted on the outer side of the upper-layer frame; the separation driving assembly is mounted between the upper-layer frame and the lower-layer frame; the pneumatic drill is used for drilling shot holes; and the pneumatic drill is detachably mounted on the reinforcing mesh of each platform through a supporting assembly. Vehicle passing and shot hole drilling operation can be considered, the position of the upper-layer trolley can be flexibly adjusted according to a tunnel face, and the drilling requirements of different step faces are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel trolley technology, and in particular to a micro-step excavation trolley and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The micro-bench excavation method is a commonly used tunnel construction method. It involves dividing the tunnel face into upper and lower benches for sectional excavation, effectively controlling surrounding rock deformation and ensuring construction safety. In the micro-bench method, the excavation trolley is a key supporting equipment, mainly used to assist in the installation of steel arch frames, the hanging of steel mesh, and shotcreting and other support operations.

[0003] Currently, traditional micro-step excavation trolleys typically employ a multi-layered working platform structure. A longitudinal passageway needs to be reserved in the middle of the main frame to facilitate the passage of large machinery such as loaders, concrete mixer trucks, or muck trucks. While this structural design meets the requirements for logistics organization within the tunnel, it also prevents the placement of a fixed drilling platform in the central area of ​​the trolley. Therefore, drilling blast holes generally cannot be directly completed using this trolley.

[0004] In actual construction, drilling blast holes is usually carried out in two ways: First, a dedicated rock drilling rig is used for drilling, but this method has high equipment costs and is difficult to transport in small sections or narrow spaces; Second, temporary scaffolding or supports are erected next to the excavation rig, and construction workers use hand-held pneumatic drills for drilling. However, erecting temporary supports is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also has poor stability. Construction workers are easily affected by reaction forces when using hand-held drills, making it difficult to guarantee drilling accuracy. At the same time, adjusting the working height and angle is inconvenient and poses certain safety hazards.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for an excavation trolley that can meet the needs of vehicle passage inside the tunnel, provide a stable and adjustable operating platform for drilling blast holes, and facilitate construction personnel to set up hand-held pneumatic drills for precise drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a micro-step excavation trolley and construction method, the specific technical solution of which is as follows.

[0007] A micro-step excavation trolley, comprising: The lower trolley includes a lower frame, a deployment platform, and a lower platform; the interior of the lower frame forms a central channel, and the deployment platform is mounted on the lower frame via a deployment assembly and located within the central channel; the lower platform is mounted on the outside of the lower frame. The upper trolley includes an upper frame, an intermediate platform, and an upper platform; the upper frame is movably mounted on the lower frame; the intermediate platform is mounted inside the upper frame, and the upper platform is mounted on the outside of the upper frame. A separate drive assembly is installed between the upper and lower vehicle frames to drive the relative movement of the upper and lower vehicle frames. A hand-held pneumatic drill is used to drill blast holes; the unfolding platform, or the lower platform, or the middle platform, or the upper platform is covered with a steel mesh, and the hand-held pneumatic drill is detachably mounted on the steel mesh via a support assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, an inclined rod is installed inside the lower frame, which is located diagonally above the middle channel; one side of the unfolding platform is hinged to the inclined rod; the unfolding assembly includes a hydraulic rod and a lifting component, one end of the hydraulic rod is hinged to the lower frame, and the other end is hinged to the unfolding platform; one end of the lifting component is connected to the lower frame, and the other end is connected to the unfolding platform.

[0009] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a placement frame, at least two support legs, and quick-release components connected to the support legs; the placement frame has a receiving cavity for enclosing the hand drill, and the bottom of the placement frame has a hinge lug; multiple support legs are hinged to the same hinge lug, and a support plate is hinged to the end of the support leg away from the hinge lug; the support plate has a through hole for accommodating the quick-release component, and the quick-release component passes through the through hole and the mesh of the steel mesh in sequence before locking the support plate and the steel mesh.

[0010] Furthermore, the quick-release component includes a cylindrical body, a limiting block, and a threaded rod; one end of the cylindrical body is provided with a limiting plate, and the other end is provided with a hinge shaft; the cylindrical body passes through the through hole on the support plate and the mesh on the steel mesh, and the limiting plate abuts against the support plate; the limiting block is hinged to the hinge shaft and partially extends into the interior of the cylindrical body; the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the cylindrical body and abuts against the limiting block, when the threaded rod is inserted into the cylindrical body, it drives the limiting block to swing outwards from the cylindrical body until it abuts against the steel mesh, and when the threaded rod is withdrawn from the cylindrical body, it causes the limiting block to retract without exceeding the outer contour of the cylindrical body.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting block includes a first abutting part and a second abutting part. The first abutting part extends from the hinge shaft in a first direction, and the second abutting part extends from the hinge shaft in a second direction. The first abutting part is used to abut against the threaded rod, and the second abutting part is used to abut against the steel mesh. The included angle between the first direction and the second direction is less than 180°.

[0012] Furthermore, the second abutment portion is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the reinforcing bars on the steel mesh.

[0013] Furthermore, the support plate is provided with multiple positioning posts, which are inserted into the mesh of the steel mesh.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning post is tangentially inserted into the mesh of the reinforcing steel mesh.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower frame is also equipped with an arched lifting mechanism at the end away from the working face.

[0016] A construction method for excavating blast holes using the excavation trolley described in any of the above claims includes the following steps: Determine the locations of the blast holes on the working face and mark the blast holes; Drive the platform to unfold; Hand drills were installed on each platform according to the location of the blast holes; Construction workers used hand-held jackhammers to drill holes, adjusting the height of the jackhammers according to the markings on the blast holes before drilling.

[0017] Beneficial effects: 1. The lower frame has a central passageway to allow for normal vehicle passage. When drilling is required, the deployment platform can be extended within the central passageway using the deployment assembly, creating a stable drilling surface in the central area. This overcomes the limitation of traditional trolleys where drilling equipment cannot be placed in the center. Simultaneously, a separate drive assembly is installed between the upper and lower frames, allowing for flexible adjustment of the upper trolley's position according to the working face, adapting to drilling requirements on different surface steps.

[0018] 2. By laying steel mesh on the deployment platform, lower platform, intermediate platform, and upper platform, and using support components to detachably install the hand drill onto the steel mesh, a rigid connection is formed between the hand drill and the trolley structure. The support components include a mounting frame that encloses the main body of the hand drill, and multiple support legs form a triangular support with a hinged structure. This effectively absorbs the reverse impact force generated during drilling, reduces shaking during handheld operation, ensures the accuracy of the drilling direction, thereby improving the quality of the blast hole and providing a safer operating environment for construction personnel.

[0019] 3. The support assembly adopts a locking structure that combines quick-release parts with steel mesh, allowing operators to quickly install and disassemble the hand drill on different platforms and at different mesh positions without the need for special tools. This facilitates flexible adjustment of the drilling position according to the blast hole layout. The support legs are hinged to the mounting frame, and the working height of the hand drill can be changed by adjusting the opening angle of the support legs to adapt to the drilling requirements of different blast hole positions. The quick-release parts use a threaded rod to drive the swinging limit block, ensuring reliable locking and convenient unlocking. This not only ensures the hand drill is firmly fixed during drilling but also facilitates quick relocation or repositioning during construction, effectively shortening the auxiliary time for drilling operations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A front view of the excavation trolley; Figure 2 A simplified frontal view showing the passage of vehicles for the excavation trolley; Figure 3 A simplified front view of the excavation trolley's deployment platform. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the supporting components; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the quick-release component in the locked position. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the quick-release component in its relaxed state. Figure 7 One of the simplified side views of the excavation trolley; Figure 8 This is the second simplified side view of the excavation trolley.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Lower trolley; 2. Upper trolley; 3. Separation drive assembly; 4. Hand drill; 5. Support assembly; 6. Steel mesh; 7. Arch frame lifting mechanism; 11. Lower frame; 12. Deployment platform; 13. Lower platform; 14. Diagonal brace; 15. Hydraulic rod; 16. Lifting component; 21. Upper frame; 22. Intermediate platform; 23. Upper platform; 51. Shelf; 52. Support legs; 53. Quick-release parts; 54. Support plate; 531. Cylinder body; 532. Limiting block; 533. Threaded rod; 534. Limiting plate; 535. Hinge shaft; 5321, First abutment part; 5322, Second abutment part; 5323, Arc-shaped groove; 541. Positioning post. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0029] Example 1 Reference Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment provides a micro-step excavation trolley, including a lower trolley 1, an upper trolley 2, a separation drive assembly 3, and a hand drill 4.

[0030] The lower trolley 1 includes a lower frame 11, a deployable platform 12, and a lower platform 13. The lower frame 11 has an overall frame structure with a longitudinally continuous central channel inside, which is used for the passage of large machinery such as loaders, concrete mixer trucks, or slag removal vehicles. The lower platform 13 is installed on the outside of the lower frame 11, serving as the operating surface for lower-level drilling operations or auxiliary operations. The deployable platform 12 is installed on the lower frame 11 via a deployable assembly and is located within the central channel. In the non-drilling operation state, the deployable platform 12 is retracted into the central channel, without affecting normal vehicle passage; when drilling operations are required, the deployable platform 12 can be deployed to a horizontal state, filling the central channel area and forming a stable central drilling operating surface.

[0031] The upper trolley 2 includes an upper frame 21, an intermediate platform 22, and an upper platform 23. The upper frame 21 is movably mounted on the lower frame 11; specifically, the upper frame 21 slides with the lower frame 11 via slide rails. The intermediate platform 22 is installed inside the upper frame 21, serving as the operating surface for intermediate drilling operations. The upper platform 23 is installed on the outside of the upper frame 21, serving as the operating surface for high-level drilling operations.

[0032] The separation drive assembly 3 is installed between the upper frame 21 and the lower frame 11, and is used to drive the upper frame 21 to move horizontally relative to the lower frame 11. By moving the upper frame 21 and the lower frame 11 relative to each other, the upper trolley 2 and the lower trolley 1 can move relative to each other, thereby adapting to different cross-sections in the bench excavation process. Specific details will be discussed at the meeting. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. The separate drive component 3 can specifically adopt a chain-type drive structure.

[0033] The hand-held jackhammer 4 is used for drilling blast holes. Steel mesh 6 is installed on the deployment platform 12, lower platform 13, intermediate platform 22, and upper platform 23. The steel mesh 6 is made of crisscrossing steel bars welded together to form several regularly arranged mesh holes. The hand-held jackhammer 4 is detachably mounted on the steel mesh 6 via a support assembly 5. The operator can fix the hand-held jackhammer 4 to the appropriate mesh hole position on the corresponding platform according to the planar position of the blast hole.

[0034] It should be noted that steel mesh 6 is generally required to be installed on each platform to facilitate the passage of construction personnel. In this implementation, the steel mesh 6 can be welded or bolted to the steel structure of the platform.

[0035] This embodiment provides a micro-step excavation trolley with a central passageway inside the lower frame 11 to allow normal vehicle passage. When drilling is required, the deployment platform 12 is deployed within the central passageway via the deployment assembly, forming a stable drilling face in the central area, thus overcoming the limitation of traditional trolleys where drilling equipment cannot be placed in the center. Simultaneously, a separate drive assembly 3 is provided between the upper frame 21 and the lower frame 11, allowing for flexible adjustment of the upper trolley 2's position according to the working face, adapting to the drilling requirements of different step surfaces.

[0036] In one embodiment, reference Figure 1-3 As shown, a diagonal brace 14 is also installed inside the lower frame 11, located diagonally above the central aisle. One side of the deployment platform 12 is hinged to the diagonal brace 14. The deployment assembly includes a hydraulic rod 15 and a lifting member 16. One end of the hydraulic rod 15 is hinged to the lower frame 11, and the other end is hinged to the deployment platform 12, used to drive the deployment platform 12 to rotate around the hinge point to deploy or retract. One end of the lifting member 16 is connected to the lower frame 11, and the other end is connected to the deployment platform 12. When the deployment platform 12 is deployed to a horizontal state, the lifting member 16 is tensioned, providing auxiliary support for the deployment platform 12. The lifting member 16 can be a folding rod or a chain.

[0037] By incorporating the diagonal brace 14, hydraulic rod 15, and lifting component 16, the deployment platform 12 achieves smooth tilting and reliable load-bearing. The hydraulic rod 15 provides active driving force, making the deployment and retraction of the platform 12 convenient and labor-saving. The lifting component 16 forms auxiliary support after the platform 12 reaches a horizontal state, and together with the hydraulic rod 15, constitutes a multi-point support system, ensuring that the platform 12 has sufficient rigidity and stability during drilling operations and can withstand the impact loads of the hand-held pneumatic drill 4.

[0038] In one embodiment, reference Figure 4As shown, the support assembly 5 includes a placement frame 51, at least two support legs 52, and quick-release clips 53 connected to the support legs 52. The placement frame 51 has a receiving cavity for enclosing the hand drill 4. The shape of the receiving cavity matches the shape of the hand drill 4, which can reliably fix the main body of the hand drill 4. Specifically, the placement frame 51 can be configured as two hinged shells. After the hand drill 4 is placed, the two shells are locked with bolts or buckles. The bottom of the placement frame 51 has a hinge lug. Multiple support legs 52 are hinged to the same hinge lug. The multiple support legs 52 are radially distributed to form a triangular or multi-point support structure. A support plate 54 is hinged to the end of the support leg 52 away from the hinge lug. The support plate 54 is used to contact the reinforcing mesh 6. The support plate 54 has a through hole for accommodating the quick-release clip 53. The quick-release clip 53 passes through the through hole and the mesh of the reinforcing mesh 6 in sequence and then locks the support plate 54 and the reinforcing mesh 6.

[0039] The support frame 51 encloses the main body of the hand drill 4, and multiple support legs 52 form a triangular support with a hinged structure. This effectively absorbs the reverse impact force generated during drilling, reduces shaking during handheld operation, ensures the accuracy of the drilling direction, and thus improves the quality of the blast hole formation. The quick-release piece 53, in conjunction with the steel mesh 6, enables a detachable connection between the support assembly 5 and the platform, facilitating flexible adjustment of the drilling position according to the blast hole layout. The support legs 52 are hinged to the support frame 51; by adjusting the opening angle of the support legs 52, the working height of the hand drill 4 can be changed to adapt to the drilling requirements of blast holes in different locations.

[0040] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The quick-release component 53 includes a cylindrical body 531, a limiting block 532, and a threaded rod 533. One end of the cylindrical body 531 has a limiting plate 534, and the other end has a hinge shaft 535. The cylindrical body 531 passes through a through hole in the support plate 54 and a mesh opening in the reinforcing mesh 6, with the limiting plate 534 abutting against the upper surface of the support plate 54. The limiting block 532 is hinged to the hinge shaft 535 and partially extends into the interior of the cylindrical body 531. The threaded rod 533 is threadedly connected to the cylindrical body 531 and abuts against the limiting block 532.

[0041] When locking is required, the threaded rod 533 is screwed into the cylinder 531. The threaded rod 533 pushes the limiting block 532 to swing outward around the hinge axis 535. The limiting block 532 extends outward from the cylinder 531 and abuts against the lower surface of the reinforcing mesh 6, thereby clamping and fixing the support plate 54 and the reinforcing mesh 6 between the limiting plate 534 and the limiting block 532. When unlocking is required, the threaded rod 533 is screwed outward from the cylinder 531. The limiting block 532 loses its pushing force and can retract inward from the cylinder 531 under the action of gravity or external force, so that the overall outer contour of the limiting block 532 does not exceed the outer contour of the cylinder 531. At this time, the quick-release piece 53 can be easily pulled out from the mesh, realizing quick disassembly.

[0042] The quick-release component 53 adopts a structure in which the threaded rod 533 drives the limit block 532 to swing, which is reliable in locking and convenient in unlocking. The operator can stand on the front of the steel mesh 6 to directly install and remove the quick-release component 53 without having to operate from the back of the steel mesh 6, which improves the convenience and safety of installation and removal. It not only ensures the firm fixation of the hand drill 4 during drilling, but also facilitates quick relocation or reassembly during construction, effectively shortening the auxiliary time of drilling operations.

[0043] In one embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 5-6 As shown, the limiting block 532 includes a first abutting portion 5321 and a second abutting portion 5322. The first abutting portion 5321 extends in a first direction from the hinge shaft 535, and the second abutting portion 5322 extends in a second direction from the hinge shaft 535. The included angle between the first and second directions is less than 180°. The first abutting portion 5321 is used to abut against the threaded rod 533, and the second abutting portion 5322 is used to abut against the reinforcing mesh 6. When the threaded rod 533 is screwed into the cylinder 531, the threaded rod 533 presses against the first abutting portion 5321, causing the limiting block 532 to rotate. The second abutting portion 5322 then swings outward and presses against the lower surface of the reinforcing mesh 6.

[0044] By configuring the limiting block 532 as a bent structure with a first abutment portion 5321 and a second abutment portion 5322, a reliable conversion from the axial movement of the threaded rod 533 to the radial swing of the limiting block 532 is achieved. The first abutment portion 5321 has a large contact area with the threaded rod 533, resulting in uniform force distribution; the second abutment portion 5322 can fit against the reinforcing mesh 6 with a larger area during locking, improving locking stability. The design that the angle between the first direction and the second direction is less than 180° allows the limiting block 532 to be completely retracted into the contour of the cylinder 531 in the retracted state, ensuring that the quick-release piece 53 can smoothly pass through the mesh.

[0045] In one embodiment, reference Figure 5 As shown, the second abutment portion 5322 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 5323 that matches the reinforcing bars on the steel mesh 6. When the limiting block 532 is locked, the arc-shaped groove 5323 can fit snugly with the reinforcing bars of the steel mesh 6.

[0046] The arc-shaped groove 5323 forms a conformal fit with the steel bars of the steel mesh 6, which increases the contact area and friction between the second abutment part 5322 and the steel mesh 6. This effectively prevents the limiting block 532 from slipping or loosening under drilling vibration, further improving the reliability and safety of locking and ensuring that the hand drill 4 remains stable during long-term drilling operations.

[0047] In one embodiment, the support plate 54 is provided with multiple positioning posts 541. The positioning posts 541 are inserted into the mesh of the reinforcing mesh 6. The positioning posts 541 are tangent to the mesh of the reinforcing mesh 6, that is, the outer diameter of the positioning posts 541 matches the inner diameter of the mesh.

[0048] During the drilling process, the support component 5 mainly bears the horizontal impact from the drilling, while the positioning column 541 bears the horizontal shear force caused by the impact, ensuring the reliability of the support component 5 and preventing the horizontal shear force from damaging the quick-release piece 53.

[0049] It should be noted that, generally speaking, the allowable error range for blast holes is within 50mm. In this embodiment, a steel mesh 6 with a diameter of 20mm can be selected, so that the minimum adjustment spacing of the support assembly 5 is 20mm, thus avoiding exceeding the allowable error range when installing the hand drill 4.

[0050] In one embodiment, an arch frame lifting mechanism 7 is also provided at the end of the layer frame away from the working face. The arch frame lifting mechanism 7 is used to assist in the hoisting and installation of the steel arch frame.

[0051] By integrating the arch frame lifting mechanism 7 onto the excavation trolley, the trolley can directly perform steel arch frame installation after completing drilling operations, without the need to transport and hoisting equipment separately. This achieves multi-purpose functionality for drilling blast holes and installing arch frames, reduces equipment investment costs and the risk of cross-operations, and improves the mechanization level and construction efficiency of micro-step tunnel construction.

[0052] It should be noted that the arch lifting mechanism 7 can refer to existing technologies, such as the applicant's earlier application CN109236331B.

[0053] Example 2 This embodiment provides a construction method for excavating blast holes using the excavation trolley described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: Step 1: Determine the location of the blast holes on the working face and mark the blast holes.

[0054] Before construction, the working face is measured and laid out according to the blasting design drawings to determine the specific location, depth, and inclination angle of each blast hole, and clear markings are made on the working face using markers such as paint or reflective stickers. At the same time, the drilling areas corresponding to each platform are planned according to the distribution height of the blast holes to rationally allocate the placement of the hand-held pneumatic drill 4.

[0055] Step 2: Drive the unfolding platform 12 to unfold.

[0056] After moving the excavation trolley to a working position near the working face, the hydraulic rod 15 of the deployment assembly is activated. The hydraulic rod 15 extends and pushes the deployment platform 12 downwards around the hinge point to a horizontal position. At the same time, the lifting component 16 is tensioned to provide auxiliary support for the deployment platform 12, ensuring that the deployment platform 12 forms a stable bearing surface. After the deployment platform 12 is deployed, the central passage area is filled, forming a complete central drilling working face.

[0057] Step 3: Set up hand-held jackhammers 4 on each platform according to the location of the blast hole.

[0058] Adjust the opening angle of each support leg 52 relative to the placement frame 51 according to the design angle and height of the borehole. If it is necessary to increase the drilling height, decrease the opening angle of the support leg 52 to raise the placement frame 51; if it is necessary to decrease the drilling height, increase the opening angle of the support leg 52 to lower the placement frame 51.

[0059] After adjustment, place the support plates 54 at the ends of each support leg 52 onto the reinforcing mesh 6, inserting the positioning posts 541 on the support plates 54 into the corresponding mesh holes to achieve pre-positioning. Then, pass the cylinder 531 of the quick-release piece 53 through the through holes on the support plate 54 and the mesh holes of the reinforcing mesh 6, so that the limiting plate 534 abuts against the upper surface of the support plate 54. Next, screw in the threaded rod 533, which pushes the limiting block 532 to swing, causing the second abutting part 5322 of the limiting block 532 to press against the lower surface of the reinforcing mesh 6, thereby locking and fixing the support assembly 5 to the reinforcing mesh 6. Repeat the above operation, installing multiple hand drills 4 on each platform according to the blast hole layout positions.

[0060] Step 4: The construction workers use hand drill 4 to drill holes. Before drilling, the height of hand drill 4 is adjusted according to the blast hole markings.

[0061] Construction workers started the hand-held pneumatic drill 4 to begin drilling operations. During drilling, the support frame 51 enclosed the main body of the hand-held pneumatic drill 4, and multiple support legs 52 formed a stable support structure, effectively absorbing the reverse impact force and vibration generated during drilling, reducing shaking during hand operation, and ensuring the accuracy of the drilling direction. At the same time, since each platform is covered with steel mesh 6, construction workers can walk safely on the platform, making it convenient to observe the drilling progress and adjust their operating posture.

[0062] After drilling one blast hole, loosen the threaded rod 533 of the quick-release part 53 to retract the limit block 532, and pull the quick-release part 53 out of the mesh. Then, the hand drill 4 and the support assembly 5 can be moved to the next blast hole position. Repeat the above locking and drilling operations until all blast holes are drilled.

[0063] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A micro-step excavation trolley, characterized in that, include: The lower trolley includes a lower frame, a deployment platform, and a lower platform; the interior of the lower frame forms a central channel, and the deployment platform is mounted on the lower frame via a deployment assembly and located within the central channel; the lower platform is mounted on the outside of the lower frame. The upper trolley includes an upper frame, an intermediate platform, and an upper platform; the upper frame is movably mounted on the lower frame; the intermediate platform is mounted inside the upper frame, and the upper platform is mounted on the outside of the upper frame. A separate drive assembly is installed between the upper and lower vehicle frames to drive the relative movement of the upper and lower vehicle frames. A hand-held pneumatic drill is used to drill blast holes; the unfolding platform, or the lower platform, or the middle platform, or the upper platform is covered with a steel mesh, and the hand-held pneumatic drill is detachably mounted on the steel mesh via a support assembly.

2. The micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower frame is also equipped with an inclined rod located diagonally above the middle aisle; one side of the deployment platform is hinged to the inclined rod; the deployment assembly includes a hydraulic rod and a lifting component, one end of the hydraulic rod is hinged to the lower frame and the other end is hinged to the deployment platform; one end of the lifting component is connected to the lower frame and the other end is connected to the deployment platform.

3. The micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a placement frame, at least two support legs, and quick-release components connected to the support legs; the placement frame has a receiving cavity for enclosing a hand drill, and the bottom of the placement frame has a hinge lug; multiple support legs are hinged to the same hinge lug, and a support plate is hinged to the end of each support leg away from the hinge lug; the support plate has a through hole for accommodating the quick-release component, and the quick-release component passes through the through hole and the mesh of the reinforcing mesh in sequence before locking the support plate and the reinforcing mesh.

4. The micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that, The quick-release component includes a cylindrical body, a limiting block, and a threaded rod. One end of the cylindrical body is provided with a limiting plate, and the other end is provided with a hinge shaft. The cylindrical body passes through a through hole on a support plate and a mesh hole on a steel mesh, and the limiting plate abuts against the support plate. The limiting block is hinged to the hinge shaft and partially extends into the interior of the cylindrical body. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the cylindrical body and abuts against the limiting block. When the threaded rod is inserted into the cylindrical body, it drives the limiting block to swing outwards until it abuts against the steel mesh. When the threaded rod is withdrawn from the cylindrical body, it causes the limiting block to retract without exceeding the outer contour of the cylindrical body.

5. A micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting block includes a first abutting part and a second abutting part. The first abutting part extends from the hinge shaft in a first direction, and the second abutting part extends from the hinge shaft in a second direction. The first abutting part is used to abut against the threaded rod, and the second abutting part is used to abut against the steel mesh. The included angle between the first direction and the second direction is less than 180°.

6. A micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second abutment part is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the reinforcing bars on the steel mesh.

7. A micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support plate is provided with multiple positioning posts, which are inserted into the mesh of the steel mesh.

8. A micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning post is tangent to the mesh of the steel mesh.

9. A micro-step excavation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower frame is also equipped with an arched lifting mechanism at the end away from the working face.

10. A construction method for excavating blast holes using the excavation trolley described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Determine the locations of the blast holes on the working face and mark the blast holes; Drive the platform to unfold; Hand drills were installed on each platform according to the location of the blast holes; Construction workers used hand-held jackhammers to drill holes, adjusting the height of the jackhammers according to the markings on the blast holes before drilling.

Images