Device and method for measuring rotational inertia of rigid body through high-precision self-adaptive torsional pendulum method

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for measuring the rotational inertia of a rigid body through a high-precision self-adaptive torsional pendulum method, and belongs to the technical field of rigid body mechanical parameter measurement. The self-adaptive clamping module comprises a U-shaped frame, a bearing table and a suspension rod, and the U-shaped frame is installed above the base and the damping unit; the first end of the suspension rod is connected with the bearing table, and the second end is rotatably connected with the U-shaped frame; the torsional pendulum driving module is positioned in the opening of the U-shaped frame; the power output end of the torsional pendulum driving module is in transmission connection with the suspension rod; the dual-sensing measurement system comprises a fiber grating angular displacement sensor and an MEMS acceleration sensor, and the fiber grating angular displacement sensor is installed in the middle of the suspension rod; the MEMS acceleration sensor is mounted on the base and the damping unit; and the intelligent data processing module is electrically connected with the fiber grating angular displacement sensor and the MEMS acceleration sensor. The device is adaptive to rigid bodies with different masses and shapes, and one-key calibration and rapid high-precision measurement can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rigid body mechanical parameter measurement technology, and more specifically relates to a high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body and a measurement method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Moment of inertia is a physical quantity that characterizes the inertia of a rigid body during rotational motion. It is a crucial mechanical parameter in fields such as aerospace, mechanical manufacturing, robotics control, and weaponry. Accurate measurement of moment of inertia directly affects the dynamic response characteristics, control precision, and operational stability of a system. Therefore, developing high-precision moment of inertia measurement devices has significant engineering application value.

[0003] Currently, methods for measuring the moment of inertia of rigid bodies are mainly divided into the free-fall method, the compound pendulum method, and the torsional pendulum method. Among them, the torsional pendulum method is one of the most commonly used methods due to its simple structure, high measurement accuracy, and wide applicability. Its basic principle is to fix the rigid body to be measured on the support platform of the torsional pendulum system, measure the period of the torsional pendulum of the system, and calculate the moment of inertia by combining the system's torsional stiffness coefficient.

[0004] However, most existing devices do not adequately consider the interference of environmental vibrations on the torsional oscillation period. In industrial sites or non-ideal laboratory environments, noise signals such as ground vibrations and low-frequency vibrations caused by equipment operation can be superimposed on the torsional oscillation signal, leading to errors in period measurement. At the same time, temperature changes can cause changes in the elastic modulus of the suspension rod, thereby affecting the torsional stiffness of the system. However, existing devices generally lack temperature compensation mechanisms, making it difficult to ensure measurement accuracy over a wide temperature range.

[0005] Secondly, adjusting the suspension tension is difficult and its adaptability is poor. The measurement accuracy of the torsion pendulum system is closely related to the tension state of the suspension. For rigid bodies of different masses and sizes, different suspension tensions need to be matched to obtain the best measurement results. Traditional devices usually use manual adjustment or fixed tension, which is not only cumbersome to operate, but also makes it difficult to optimize the tension parameters in real time according to the characteristics of the rigid body. For rigid bodies with small mass or high sensitivity, excessive tension can lead to plastic deformation or even fracture of the suspension; for rigid bodies with large mass, insufficient tension can cause nonlinear vibration of the system, reducing measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body includes: The base and shock-absorbing unit are used to provide stable support and reduce environmental vibration interference; An adaptive clamping module includes a U-shaped frame, a support platform, and a suspension rod. The U-shaped frame is installed above the base and the shock absorption unit. The first end of the suspension rod is connected to the support platform, and the second end extends into the opening of the U-shaped frame and is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame. A torsion drive module is located inside the opening of the U-shaped frame; the power output end of the torsion drive module is connected to the suspension transmission and is used to drive the suspension to drive the support platform and the rigid body under test to perform torsion motion. A dual-sensor measurement system includes a fiber optic angular displacement sensor and a MEMS accelerometer. The fiber optic angular displacement sensor is installed in the middle of the suspension rod to collect torsional period data; the MEMS accelerometer is installed on the base and the vibration damping unit to collect environmental vibration data. The intelligent data processing module is electrically connected to the fiber optic angular displacement sensor and the MEMS accelerometer, respectively, and is used for data processing, error correction and moment of inertia calculation.

[0007] Furthermore, the torsion drive module includes a torsion spring, and a piezoelectric ceramic actuator is provided at the end of the torsion spring. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator adjusts the torsion angle of the torsion spring through the voltage signal output by the control system, thereby changing the torsion angle of the suspension rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the torsion angle adjustment range of the torsion drive module is 0-90°.

[0009] Furthermore, the suspension rod is a columnar rod made of tungsten or quartz material with a diameter of 5-25mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the support platform has a circular structure, and its surface is provided with multiple arrayed magnetic positioning slots. Neodymium iron boron magnets are embedded in the positioning slots to quickly attract metallic rigid bodies to be tested. Metal adapters are detachably installed in the positioning slots to fix non-metallic rigid bodies. The bottom of the support platform is provided with a rotation adjustment mechanism to finely adjust the center position of the rigid bodies to ensure that the centers of multiple rigid bodies coincide with the axis of the suspension rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the base and shock absorption unit include: A honeycomb aluminum alloy base; Multiple sets of rubber shock-absorbing pads are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the base; A horizontal adjustment knob is provided at the lower end of the base to ensure that the base is in a horizontal state during operation; A temperature sensor is installed inside the base to collect ambient temperature data.

[0012] Furthermore, the fiber optic angular displacement sensor is attached to the middle of the suspension rod, with its grating area parallel to the suspension rod axis; the MEMS accelerometer is fixed to the side of the base and transmits the vibration frequency and amplitude data to the intelligent data processing module.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent data processing module includes an ARM chip, and incorporates a data fusion algorithm, an improved periodic fitting algorithm, and a standard rigid body database. The intelligent data processing module supports USB and / or Bluetooth data transmission and can be connected to terminal devices to realize measurement parameter setting, result display, data storage and export functions.

[0014] A high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body, employing the high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body as described above, the measurement method comprising the following steps: S10. Device calibration: Fix the standard rigid body to the bearing platform, start the device to measure the torsional period, and correct the system error through the calibration algorithm. S20. Sample installation: Fix the rigid body to be tested in the magnetic positioning groove, and ensure the device is level by adjusting the horizontal knob. S30, Parameter settings: Set the swing angle and number of measurement cycles through the control panel, and select whether to enable the environmental noise compensation function. S40, Measurement and Calculation: Start the torsional pendulum drive module, the dual-sensor measurement system collects periodic data and environmental data, the intelligent data processing module removes noise through data fusion algorithm, and calculates the moment of inertia using an improved period fitting algorithm; S50 Output Results: Displays and stores the moment of inertia value, measurement accuracy, and environmental parameters; supports data export.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the rotational inertia of rigid bodies provided by this invention adjusts the torsional pendulum angle of the suspension rod through a piezoelectric ceramic actuator to adapt to rigid bodies of different masses and shapes; it integrates a fiber optic angular displacement sensor and a MEMS accelerometer, and combines a data fusion algorithm to eliminate environmental interference; it has a built-in standard rigid body database and an improved periodic fitting algorithm to achieve one-click calibration and rapid high-precision measurement.

[0016] This invention solves the problems of narrow applicability, high accuracy affected by the environment, and complex operation of traditional torsion pendulum measuring devices. The measurement error is ≤0.5%, and the efficiency is improved by 50%. It can be widely used in teaching, industrial testing and precision manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body, provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Another perspective on the high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the rotational inertia of a rigid body provided by the present invention. Figure 3 A front view of a high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body provided by the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view of AA; Figure 5 The right view of a high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body provided by the present invention. Figure 6 This is a top view of a high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body provided by the present invention. The components include: 1. base; 2. support column; 3. piezoelectric ceramic actuator; 4. bearing platform; 5. magnetic positioning groove; 6. suspension rod; 7. torsion spring; 8. U-shaped frame; 9. horizontal adjustment knob; 10. rubber shock-absorbing pad; 11. rotation adjustment mechanism; 12. fiber optic grating angular displacement sensor; and 13. neodymium iron boron magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] refer to Figures 1-6 A high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body, comprising: The base and shock-absorbing unit are used to provide stable support and reduce environmental vibration interference; The adaptive clamping module includes a U-shaped frame 8, a support platform 4, and a suspension rod 6. The U-shaped frame 8 is installed above the base and the shock absorption unit. The first end of the suspension rod 6 is connected to the support platform 4, and the second end extends into the opening of the U-shaped frame 8 and is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 8. The torsion drive module is located inside the opening of the U-shaped frame 8. The power output end of the torsion drive module is connected to the suspension rod 6 for transmission, and is used to drive the suspension rod 6 to drive the bearing platform 4 and the rigid body under test to perform torsion motion. The dual-sensor measurement system includes a fiber optic angular displacement sensor 12 and a MEMS accelerometer. The fiber optic angular displacement sensor 12 is installed in the middle of the suspension rod 6 to collect torsional period data; the MEMS accelerometer is installed on the base and the shock absorption unit to collect environmental vibration data. The intelligent data processing module is electrically connected to the fiber optic angular displacement sensor 12 and the MEMS accelerometer, respectively, and is used for data processing, error correction and moment of inertia calculation.

[0023] In this embodiment, the torsion drive module includes a torsion spring 7, and a piezoelectric ceramic actuator 3 is provided at the end of the torsion spring 7. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator 3 adjusts the torsion angle of the torsion spring 7 through the voltage signal output by the control system, thereby changing the torsion angle of the suspension rod 6.

[0024] In this embodiment, the torsion angle adjustment range of the torsion drive module is 0-90°.

[0025] In this embodiment, the suspension rod 6 is a columnar rod made of tungsten or quartz material with a diameter of 5-25mm.

[0026] In this embodiment, the support platform 4 has a circular structure. The surface of the support platform 4 is provided with multiple arrayed magnetic positioning slots 5. Neodymium iron boron magnets 13 are embedded in the positioning slots to quickly attract the metal rigid body to be tested. The positioning slots are detachably equipped with metal adapter seats to fix non-metallic rigid bodies. The bottom of the support platform 4 is provided with a rotation adjustment mechanism 11 to finely adjust the center position of the rigid body to ensure that the center of multiple rigid bodies coincides with the axis of the suspension rod 6.

[0027] In this embodiment, the base and shock absorption unit include: 1. Honeycomb aluminum alloy structure base; Multiple sets of rubber shock-absorbing pads 10 are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the base 1; A horizontal adjustment knob 9 is provided at the lower end of the base 1 to ensure that the base 1 is in a horizontal state during operation; A temperature sensor is installed inside the base 1 to collect ambient temperature data.

[0028] Specifically, the U-shaped frame 8 is fixed to the bracket above the base 1 by the support column 2. It adopts a circular aluminum alloy structure. A torsion spring 7 is sleeved on the outside of the suspension rod 6. The torsion spring 7 is made of spring steel and has good elastic recovery performance. A piezoelectric ceramic actuator 3 (model: PZT-5H) is connected to the end of the torsion spring 7. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator 3 adjusts the torsion angle and torsional force of the torsion spring 7 through the voltage signal output by the control system. The torsional force adjustment range is 0.5N to 50N, which is suitable for measuring rigid bodies with a mass of 1g to 10kg. The suspension rod 6 is a columnar rod made of tungsten or quartz material with a diameter of 10-25mm. Its two ends are rotatably mounted on the connecting seats between the U-shaped frame 8 and the bearing platform 4. Quartz material is suitable for high-precision measurement scenarios, while tungsten material is suitable for large-mass rigid body measurement scenarios.

[0029] The base 1 is embedded with a PT100 temperature sensor, which has a measurement range of -20℃ to 80℃ and an accuracy of ±0.1℃. It collects ambient temperature data in real time to provide a basis for subsequent temperature error compensation.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fiber optic grating angular displacement sensor 12 is attached to the middle of the suspension rod 6, and its grating area is parallel to the axis of the suspension rod 6; the MEMS accelerometer is fixed to the side of the base 1 and transmits the vibration frequency and amplitude data to the intelligent data processing module.

[0031] Specifically, the fiber optic grating angular displacement sensor 12 (model: FBG-A-01) is attached to the middle of the suspension rod 6. The grating area of ​​the sensor is parallel to the axis of the suspension rod 6. When the suspension rod 6 swings, the grating is subjected to shear strain, which causes its center wavelength to shift. The wavelength shift signal is collected by a fiber optic grating demodulator (demodulation accuracy ±1pm), and the swing angle is calculated. The measurement accuracy can reach ±0.001°, and the sampling frequency is 100Hz.

[0032] The MEMS accelerometer (model: ADXL355) is fixed to the side of the base 1. It has a measurement range of ±2g and a resolution of 0.001g. It is used to collect the acceleration signal of environmental vibration and obtain vibration frequency and amplitude data. This data is transmitted to the intelligent data processing module for subsequent noise removal.

[0033] In this embodiment, the intelligent data processing module includes an ARM chip, and has a built-in data fusion algorithm, an improved periodic fitting algorithm, and a standard rigid body database. The intelligent data processing module supports USB and / or Bluetooth data transmission and can be connected to terminal devices to realize measurement parameter setting, result display, data storage and export functions.

[0034] Specifically, the intelligent data processing module is based on an ARM Cortex-M4 chip (model: STM32F407), integrating a fiber optic demodulation module, a MEMS signal acquisition module, a power management module, a storage module, and a communication module. The chip has a built-in standard rigid body database, storing rotational inertia data for common standard rigid bodies such as standard disks (diameters of 50mm, 100mm, and 150mm) and standard cuboids (100×50×20mm and 150×80×30mm), and supports users to add custom standard rigid body parameters.

[0035] The data fusion algorithm integrated in the data processing module adopts a combination of Kalman filtering and wavelet transform. First, Kalman filtering is used to smooth the periodic data collected by the fiber optic grating sensor. Then, wavelet transform is used to decompose the vibration signal collected by the MEMS sensor, extract noise features and remove them from the periodic data, effectively reducing the interference of environmental factors such as temperature and vibration.

[0036] The improved period fitting algorithm is based on the least squares method. It fits the measurement data of 5 consecutive torsional cycles, removes outliers and calculates the average period. Compared with the traditional method of taking the average value of multiple repeated measurements, the efficiency is improved by 50%.

[0037] The communication module supports both USB 2.0 and Bluetooth 5.0 transmission methods, allowing connection to computers, tablets, or smartphones. The accompanying host computer software provides functions such as parameter setting, real-time data display, curve plotting, and historical data querying and export. It features a built-in 2.4-inch LCD touchscreen for direct local operation and result viewing, and the built-in lithium battery supports up to 4 hours of continuous use, meeting the needs of outdoor or power-free scenarios.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body, using the high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body provided in Example 1, includes the following steps: S10. Device calibration: Fix the standard rigid body to the bearing platform, start the device to measure the torsional period, and correct the system error through the calibration algorithm. Specifically, consider a standard circular rigid body (with a known moment of inertia J0 = 1.25 × 10⁻⁶). -4 kg The standard rigid body (m²) is fixed to the support platform via a magnetic positioning slot, ensuring that the center of the rigid body coincides with the axis of the suspension rod. The device is started, and the "calibration mode" is selected via the touchscreen. The torsional angle is set to 30°, and the number of measurement cycles is 5. The torsional drive module drives the standard rigid body to complete the torsional motion. The dual-sensor measurement system collects cycle data T1~T5. The intelligent data processing module calculates the average cycle T0=(T1+T2+T3+T4+T5) / 5. Substituting this into the formula K=J0 / (m0×T0²) (where m0 is the mass of the standard rigid body), the device calibration coefficient K is calculated. This coefficient is automatically stored in the system for subsequent calculations of the moment of inertia of the rigid body under test.

[0040] S20. Sample installation: Fix the rigid body to be tested in the magnetic positioning groove, and ensure the device is level by adjusting the horizontal knob. Specifically, remove the standard rigid body and place the rigid body to be measured (such as an irregular mechanical part with a mass of m = 2.5 kg) into the magnetic positioning slot on the support platform. If the rigid body to be measured is made of non-metallic material, first fix the metal adapter to the positioning slot, and then install the rigid body to be measured onto the adapter using bolts. Observe the bubble level on the base and adjust the base level using the leveling knob to ensure that the working posture of the device meets the requirements.

[0041] S30, Parameter settings: Set the swing angle and number of measurement cycles through the control panel, and select whether to enable the environmental noise compensation function. Specifically, the user inputs the mass of the rigid body to be measured, m=2.5kg, via the touchscreen, sets the torsional angle to 45°, keeps the default measurement cycle count at 5, and selects the "Enable Ambient Noise Compensation" function. After the parameters are set, the system automatically checks the device status, confirms that the suspension tension, rigid body fixation, and sensor connection status are normal, and then enters the measurement state.

[0042] S40, Measurement and Calculation: Start the torsional pendulum drive module, the dual-sensor measurement system collects periodic data and environmental data, the intelligent data processing module removes noise through data fusion algorithm, and calculates the moment of inertia using an improved period fitting algorithm; The number of measurement cycles is set to 5 by default, and the improved cycle fitting algorithm completes the calculation of the moment of inertia using 5 cycles of data. The moment of inertia is calculated using the optimized formula: J = K×m×T², where K is the device calibration coefficient, m is the mass of the rigid body to be measured, and T is the average torsional period.

[0043] Specifically, clicking the "Start Measurement" button on the touchscreen activates the torsion drive module. The brushless DC motor drives the suspension rod to twist to a set angle of 45° and then stops driving. The rigid body under test begins to torsion freely under the elastic restoring force of the suspension rod. The fiber optic angular displacement sensor collects the torsion angle signal in real time and demodulates it to obtain the time data T1'~T5' for each cycle; the MEMS accelerometer collects environmental vibration data and transmits it to the intelligent data processing module.

[0044] The data processing module first uses a data fusion algorithm to remove the influence of vibration noise on the periodic data. Then, it uses an improved period fitting algorithm to fit T1' to T5', removes outliers (if any), and calculates the average period T = (T1' + T2' + T3' + T4' + T5') / 5. Finally, it substitutes the optimized moment of inertia calculation formula J = K × m × T² into the calculation, and combines it with the calibration coefficient K obtained in step S1 to calculate the moment of inertia J of the rigid body under test.

[0045] S50 Output Results: Displays and stores the moment of inertia value, measurement accuracy, and environmental parameters; supports data export.

[0046] Specifically, after the measurement is completed, the touchscreen displays parameters such as the moment of inertia J of the rigid body under test, measurement accuracy (error ≤ 0.5%), ambient temperature, and vibration intensity. Simultaneously, the measurement data is stored on the built-in SD card (supporting a maximum storage capacity of 32GB). Users can connect to a computer via USB to export the measurement data to an Excel spreadsheet, or connect to a mobile device via Bluetooth to view the measurement results and torsional period curve in real time.

[0047] Technical effect verification

[0048] The device of this invention achieves adaptation to rigid bodies of different masses and shapes through an adaptive clamping module, overcoming the limitation of traditional devices that can only measure regular rigid bodies. The application of dual-sensor collaborative measurement and data fusion algorithm improves the measurement accuracy by more than 30% compared to traditional photoelectric gates, with the error controlled within 0.5%. The improved period fitting algorithm only requires 5 periods of data to complete the calculation, improving the measurement efficiency by 50%. The modular structure design allows the device to be adapted to different scenarios such as laboratory precision measurement and rapid industrial field testing, with strong compatibility.

[0049] Experimental results show that the measurement results of this device are in good agreement with those of a high-precision laser measuring instrument, demonstrating significant technical advantages and practical value.

[0050] The technical solutions of the present invention have been fully described above. It should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above description. All technical solutions formed by those skilled in the art based on the spirit and essence of the present invention by adopting equivalent transformations or equivalent transformations in terms of structure, method or function fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body, characterized in that, include: The base and shock-absorbing unit are used to provide stable support and reduce environmental vibration interference; An adaptive clamping module includes a U-shaped frame, a support platform, and a suspension rod. The U-shaped frame is installed above the base and the shock absorption unit. The first end of the suspension rod is connected to the support platform, and the second end extends into the opening of the U-shaped frame and is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame. A torsion drive module is located inside the opening of the U-shaped frame; the power output end of the torsion drive module is connected to the suspension transmission and is used to drive the suspension to drive the support platform and the rigid body under test to perform torsion motion. A dual-sensor measurement system includes a fiber optic angular displacement sensor and a MEMS accelerometer. The fiber optic angular displacement sensor is installed in the middle of the suspension rod to collect torsional period data; the MEMS accelerometer is installed on the base and the vibration damping unit to collect environmental vibration data. The intelligent data processing module is electrically connected to the fiber optic angular displacement sensor and the MEMS accelerometer, respectively, and is used for data processing, error correction and moment of inertia calculation.

2. The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torsion drive module includes a torsion spring, and a piezoelectric ceramic actuator is provided at the end of the torsion spring. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator adjusts the torsion angle of the torsion spring through the voltage signal output by the control system, thereby changing the torsion angle of the suspension rod.

3. The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body according to claim 2, characterized in that, The torsion angle adjustment range of the torsion drive module is 0-90°.

4. The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension rod is a columnar rod made of tungsten or quartz material with a diameter of 5-25mm.

5. The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support platform has a circular structure, and its surface is provided with multiple arrayed magnetic positioning slots. Neodymium iron boron magnets are embedded in the positioning slots to quickly attract metallic rigid bodies to be tested. Metal adapters are detachably installed in the positioning slots to fix non-metallic rigid bodies. The bottom of the support platform is provided with a rotation adjustment mechanism to finely adjust the center position of the rigid bodies to ensure that the centers of multiple rigid bodies coincide with the axis of the suspension rod.

6. The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base and shock absorption unit include: A honeycomb aluminum alloy base; Multiple sets of rubber shock-absorbing pads are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the base; A horizontal adjustment knob is provided at the lower end of the base to ensure that the base is in a horizontal state during operation; A temperature sensor is installed inside the base to collect ambient temperature data.

7. The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic angular displacement sensor is attached to the middle of the suspension rod, with its grating area parallel to the suspension rod axis; the MEMS accelerometer is fixed to the side of the base and transmits the vibration frequency and amplitude data to the intelligent data processing module.

8. The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method device for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent data processing module includes an ARM chip, and has built-in data fusion algorithm, improved period fitting algorithm and standard rigid body database; The intelligent data processing module supports USB and / or Bluetooth data transmission and can be connected to terminal devices to realize measurement parameter setting, result display, data storage and export functions.

9. A high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body, characterized in that, The high-precision adaptive torsional pendulum method for measuring the moment of inertia of a rigid body, as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprises the following steps: S10. Device calibration: Fix the standard rigid body to the bearing platform, start the device to measure the torsional period, and correct the system error through the calibration algorithm. S20. Sample installation: Fix the rigid body to be tested in the magnetic positioning groove, and ensure the device is level by adjusting the horizontal knob. S30, Parameter Settings: Set the swing angle and number of measurement cycles through the control panel, and select whether to enable the environmental noise compensation function. S40, Measurement and Calculation: Start the torsional pendulum drive module, the dual-sensor measurement system collects periodic data and environmental data, the intelligent data processing module removes noise through data fusion algorithm, and calculates the moment of inertia using an improved period fitting algorithm; S50 Output Results: Displays and stores the moment of inertia value, measurement accuracy, and environmental parameters; supports data export.

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