Self-heating type efficient static electricity collecting and eliminating device based on nano-generator

Abstract

A self-heating type efficient static electricity collecting and eliminating device based on a nanometer generator comprises an upper shell assembly and a lower shell assembly which are vertically connected in a sealed mode, the upper end of the upper shell assembly is slidably connected with a pressing assembly, and the lower portion of the pressing assembly is connected with a rotor assembly through a spiral transmission mechanism. A movable electrode and a first friction layer are arranged below the lower shell assembly, an annular pressing block is arranged on the outer ring of the first friction layer, a stator assembly is arranged in the lower shell assembly and comprises a stator base, a fixed electrode and a second friction layer are arranged above the stator assembly, and an annular heating layer is arranged on the outer ring of the second friction layer. The downward pressing action of the pressing assembly can drive the rotor assembly to rotate and move downwards, the first friction layer makes contact with the second friction layer, and the pressing block makes contact with the heating layer. According to the device, the heating layer is additionally arranged, so that a heating effect can be generated when the rotor assembly rotates and presses down the heating layer every time, and the problem of low power generation efficiency in a low-temperature environment is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of triboelectric generator technology, specifically to a self-heating, high-efficiency electrostatic collection and elimination device based on a nanogenerator. Background Technology

[0002] Triboelectric nanogenerators, as an emerging energy harvesting technology, can effectively convert environmental mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, the structures of traditional triboelectric nanogenerators are mostly planar stacked or linearly sliding, and their energy harvesting and subsequent functional applications, such as heat generation, are usually separate, resulting in low system integration and low energy utilization efficiency. Furthermore, in dry environments, the human body easily accumulates thousands of volts of static electricity due to friction with clothing, which can cause instantaneous discharge upon contact with metal objects, leading to discomfort and even damage to electronic devices. Traditional static eliminators are mostly standalone devices, requiring battery power or grounding, making them extremely inconvenient to use. Although some energy harvesting devices with integrated static elimination functions exist in the current technology, they are usually complex in structure, and a simple and efficient static elimination device based on the high-voltage characteristics of triboelectric nanogenerators has not yet emerged.

[0003] Currently, the output performance and lifespan of triboelectric nanogenerators are greatly affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and pollutants. For example, in low-temperature environments, polymeric friction materials are prone to embrittlement, leading to a sharp decline in mechanical properties and power generation efficiency. In humid air, water molecules adhere to the surface of the friction material, forming charge leakage channels and causing rapid decay of surface charge, severely reducing output voltage and power. Pollutants and dust in the air adhere to the friction interface, altering the triboelectric properties of the material and inducing mechanical wear. These problems, to some extent, limit the long-term stable application of triboelectric nanogenerators in complex environments such as outdoor, marine, and industrial sites. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to solve the problem of effective collection and protection of static electricity in low-temperature environments. It innovatively solves the difficulties of existing triboelectric nanogenerators, such as limited functionality, low energy utilization efficiency, susceptibility to environmental interference, and lack of effective electrostatic protection. It provides an integrated system that integrates efficient mechanical energy collection, self-heating regulation of core components, and active collection and elimination of environmental static electricity.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A self-heating high-efficiency electrostatic collection and elimination device based on a nanogenerator includes an upper shell assembly and a lower shell assembly that are sealed together, and a vacuum valve is provided on the upper shell assembly or the lower shell assembly. A pressing component is slidably connected to the upper end of the upper shell assembly. The lower part of the pressing component extends into the upper shell assembly and is connected to the moving component through a screw drive mechanism. The pressing component moves upward through the return unit. The moving part assembly includes a moving part base, a movable electrode is disposed below the moving part, a first friction layer is disposed below the movable electrode, and an annular pressure block is disposed on the outer ring of the first friction layer. The lower shell assembly contains a stator assembly, which includes a stator base, a fixed electrode on top of the base, a second friction layer on top of the fixed electrode, and an annular heating layer on the outer ring of the second friction layer. The pressing action of the pressing component can drive the moving component to rotate and move downward, and make the first friction layer contact the second friction layer, and the pressing block contact the heating layer; By adding a heating layer, the heating layer can be pressed down with each rotation of the moving component to generate a heating effect, thereby solving the problem of low power generation efficiency in low-temperature environments.

[0006] An insulating mounting base is provided below the lower shell assembly. Two contact electrodes and an external load are provided on the insulating mounting base. The two contact electrodes are electrically connected to the movable electrode and the fixed electrode, respectively.

[0007] In one embodiment, the upper shell assembly includes an upper shell, a vertical sliding sleeve is connected to the middle of the upper shell, and a limiting block is provided on the inner wall of the vertical sliding sleeve; The pressing assembly includes an upper top cover and a lower slide bar. A vertical slide groove is formed on the outer wall of the slide bar, and the slide groove passes through a limiting block.

[0008] Furthermore, a receiving cavity with a bottom opening is provided inside the slide bar, and a slider is provided on the lower inner wall of the receiving cavity; The screw drive mechanism includes a rotating shaft, with a screw hole or screw groove provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the upper part of the rotating shaft extending into the slide rod, and the slide block extending into the screw hole or screw groove; The lower part of the rotating shaft is connected to the moving part assembly.

[0009] In one embodiment, the return unit includes a first spring located inside the receiving cavity, with the lower part of the first spring abutting against the top of the rotating shaft and the upper part rotatably connected to the upper wall of the receiving cavity.

[0010] The pressing component has a limited return distance and slow return speed due to the first spring alone. To improve the return speed of the pressing component, the return unit also includes a return component, which includes a second spring and a limiting sleeve. The limiting sleeve is rotatably connected to the lower part of the rotating shaft and can restrict the rotating shaft from passing downward through the limiting sleeve; The lower end of the second spring is connected to the limiting sleeve, and the upper end is connected to the upper top wall of the upper housing.

[0011] The second spring drives the limiting sleeve to pull the rotating shaft upward, which can make the rotating shaft rotate and rise rapidly.

[0012] To ensure effective triboelectric generation, the second spring's force must be greater than the first spring's force. When the pressing component moves downwards, the first spring deforms significantly. The downward movement of the sliding rod first causes the rotating shaft to rotate, then overcomes the tension of the second spring, causing the entire assembly to move downwards, resulting in rotational compression contact between the mover and stator components. This is the fundamental difference between this invention and a simple pressing-type triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0013] In one embodiment, the moving part base is hemispherical, and a conductive ring is provided on the top of the moving part base, which is connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The active electrode and the first friction layer are located at the bottom center of the moving part substrate, and the annular pressure block is located at the bottom outer ring of the moving part substrate.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating shaft and the limiting sleeve are made of insulating material.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fixed electrode and the second friction layer of the stator assembly are located above the middle of the stator base, and an isolation layer is provided on the outer ring of the fixed electrode and the second friction layer, and an annular heating layer is provided on the outer ring of the isolation layer.

[0016] To accommodate the helical downward pressing action of the moving part assembly of the present invention, the second friction layer, the isolation layer and the annular heating layer are all elastic.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: I. This invention, through a structural design combining pressing and rotational motion, transforms a single vertical press into a large-area rotational friction process, simultaneously achieving both self-heating and self-generating functions. The self-heating function maintains the friction interface and functional materials in a working state more conducive to charge generation and transfer during continuous rotational friction. Compared to simply increasing pressing force or friction area, self-heating reduces interface instability, allowing the charge generated during rotational friction to continuously increase with the cumulative number of presses, exhibiting a significantly enhanced effect than single-contact charging.

[0018] Second, the upper and lower shells of the present invention are in a vacuum environment. Through internal atmosphere control, charge loss caused by air breakdown is effectively suppressed, and the adverse effects of environmental temperature, humidity and impurities on the charging process are reduced. In conjunction with the self-heating function, the output performance and environmental stability of the device are further improved.

[0019] Third, this invention achieves static electricity elimination by generating high voltage through a triboelectric nanogenerator. No external power supply is required; only contact electrodes and an external load need to be added to the insulating mounting base. Without changing the main structure of the power generation unit, static electricity collection and elimination effects can be achieved. It is particularly suitable for static electricity protection in various harsh environments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the device; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the pressing component and the moving component via a screw drive mechanism; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the upper shell assembly; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower shell assembly. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the compression state between the mover assembly and the stator assembly; The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are: 1. Moving element assembly; 11. Moving element base; 12. Movable electrode; 13. First friction layer; 14. Annular pressure block; 15. Conductive ring; 2. Rotating shaft; 21. Spiral hole; 3. Pressing assembly; 31. Slide rod; 32. Top cover; 33. First spring; 34. Slider; 35. Slide groove; 4. Return assembly; 41. Second spring; 42. Limiting sleeve; 5. Upper shell assembly; 51. Upper shell; 52. Slide sleeve; 521. Limiting block; 6. Lower shell assembly; 61. Lower shell; 62. Insulating mounting base; 63. Contact electrode; 7. Stator assembly; 71. Stator base; 72. Fixed electrode; 73. Second friction layer; 74. Annular heating layer; 75. Isolation layer; 8. Vacuum valve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] See Figures 1-5 This embodiment provides a self-heating, high-efficiency electrostatic collection and elimination device based on a nanogenerator, including an upper shell assembly 5 and a lower shell assembly 6 connected by upper and lower seals. The core component is placed in the internal sealed cavity. A GDQ-J25 vacuum valve 8 is installed on one side of the upper shell assembly 5, and a vacuum is drawn to 10. - ³Pa, then fill with a mixture of 90% nitrogen and 10% sulfur hexafluoride to 0.1MPa.

[0022] By controlling the internal atmosphere, charge loss caused by air breakdown is effectively suppressed, and the adverse effects of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and impurities on the charging process are reduced.

[0023] Preferably, the sealed housing is also provided with a pressure monitoring interface or a miniature pressure gauge for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure stability inside the housing and maintaining the optimal gas dielectric environment.

[0024] The upper shell assembly 5 is slidably connected to the upper end of the pressing assembly 3. The lower part of the pressing assembly 3 extends into the upper shell assembly 5 and is connected to the moving part assembly 1 through the screw transmission mechanism. The pressing assembly 3 moves upward through the return unit.

[0025] The mover assembly 1 includes a mover base 11, a movable electrode 12 is disposed below the mover base, a first friction layer 13 is disposed below the movable electrode 12, and an annular pressure block 14 is disposed on the outer ring of the first friction layer 13.

[0026] The lower housing assembly 6 is provided with a stator assembly 7, which includes a stator base 71, a fixed electrode 72 is provided on the base, a second friction layer 73 is provided on the fixed electrode 72, and an annular heating layer 74 is provided on the outer ring of the second friction layer 73.

[0027] The pressing action of the pressing component 3 can drive the moving component 1 to rotate and move downward, and make the first friction layer 13 contact the second friction layer 73, and the pressing block contact the heating layer.

[0028] By adding a heating layer, the heating layer can be pressed down with each rotation of the moving component 1 to generate a heating effect, thereby solving the problem of low power generation efficiency in low-temperature environments.

[0029] An insulating mounting base 62 is provided below the lower shell assembly 6. Two contact electrodes 63 and an external load are provided on the insulating mounting base 62. The two contact electrodes 63 are electrically connected to the movable electrode 12 and the fixed electrode 72, respectively.

[0030] This invention provides a novel triboelectric nanogenerator system based on helical transmission and strain control. The components within this system employ a centrally symmetrical coaxial structure, and the mover assembly can undergo "vertical-rotational" coupled motion along the central axis, contacting or separating from the fixed stator assembly.

[0031] See Figure 3 In one embodiment, the upper shell assembly 5 includes an upper shell 51 with an inverted U-shaped cross-section. A hollow vertical sliding sleeve 52 is connected to the middle of the top of the upper shell 51, and a protruding limiting block 521 is provided on the inner wall below the vertical sliding sleeve 52.

[0032] The pressing component 3 includes an upper top cover 32 and a lower slide bar 31. The surface area of ​​the top cover 32 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the slide bar 32. The top cover 32 can be circular or elliptical to facilitate pressing by hand.

[0033] A vertical groove 35 is provided on the outer wall of the slide rod 31. The lower part of the groove 35 passes through the bottom of the slide rod 31. During installation, the slide rod 31 is inserted vertically so that the groove 35 passes through the limiting block 521, thereby allowing the slide rod 31 to slide vertically within the slide sleeve 52.

[0034] Furthermore, a cylindrical receiving cavity with an opening at the bottom is provided inside the slide bar 31, and a protruding cylindrical slider 34 is provided on the lower inner wall of the receiving cavity.

[0035] The screw drive mechanism in this embodiment includes a rotating shaft 2, which is a stepped shaft comprising an upper shaft and a lower shaft, with the upper shaft having a larger diameter than the lower shaft. A helical hole 21 or a helical groove is provided on the outer wall of the upper shaft. The upper part of the rotating shaft 2 extends into the slide rod 31, with the helical hole 21 or helical groove extending all the way to the top of the upper shaft. During installation, the upper part of the rotating shaft 2 is inserted into the receiving cavity of the slide rod 31 until it reaches the slider 34. Then, the rotating shaft 2 is rotated, causing the slider 34 to extend into the helical hole 21 or helical groove, thereby causing the rotating shaft 2 to rotate and rise within the receiving cavity.

[0036] The lower shaft at the bottom of the rotating shaft 2 is used to connect with the moving part assembly 1.

[0037] Preferably, the rotating shaft 2 has a hollow structure, with a spiral hole 21 on the outer wall of the upper shaft to maximize weight reduction. As a further preferred option, the rotating shaft 2 is made of low-friction, high-wear-resistant engineering plastic.

[0038] In one embodiment, the return unit includes a first spring 33 located in the receiving cavity. The first spring 33 is a cylindrical spring, with its lower part abutting against the top of the rotating shaft 2 and its upper part rotatably connected to the upper wall of the receiving cavity.

[0039] However, relying solely on the first spring 33, the return distance of the pressing component 3 is limited, and the return is slow. To improve the return speed of the pressing component 3 and facilitate continuous pressing for power generation, the return unit also includes a return component 4, which includes a second spring 41 and a limiting sleeve 42.

[0040] The limiting sleeve 42 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the rotating shaft 2 and can restrict the rotating shaft 2 from passing downward through the limiting sleeve 42.

[0041] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the lower shaft of the rotating shaft 2, but smaller than the outer diameter of the upper shaft. This allows the limiting sleeve 42 to support the rotating shaft 2.

[0042] Furthermore, the upper outer diameter of the limiting sleeve 42 is larger than the lower outer diameter. The second spring 41 is a conical spring, used upside down. The upper large diameter side is connected to the upper top wall of the upper housing 51, and the lower small diameter side is used to insert into the limiting sleeve 42 to prevent the limiting sleeve 42 from falling off.

[0043] During installation, first pass the lower end of the rotating shaft 2 through the limiting sleeve 42 and extend the upper end into the slide rod 31, then connect the second spring 41 to the top wall of the upper housing 51.

[0044] The second spring 41 drives the limiting sleeve 42 to pull the rotating shaft 2 upward, which can make the rotating shaft 2 rotate and rise quickly, thus facilitating continuous pressing operations.

[0045] To ensure effective triboelectric generation, the force of the second spring 41 must be greater than that of the first spring 33. When the pressing component 3 moves downwards, the first spring 33 deforms significantly. Through the downward movement of the slide rod 31, the rotating shaft 2 is first started to rotate, then overcomes the tension of the second spring 41 and moves downwards as a whole, causing the mover assembly 1 and stator assembly 7 to rotate and press into contact. This is the essential difference between this invention and a simple pressing-type triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0046] Preferably, in its natural state, the groove 35 of the slide rod 31 is located inside the slide sleeve 52, and an O-ring is provided at the top of the slide sleeve 52 to seal and connect with the upper part of the slide rod 31.

[0047] In one embodiment, the moving base 11 is a hemispherical shell with a hollow interior. A conductive ring 15 is provided on the top of the moving base 11, and the conductive ring 15 is connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft 2.

[0048] The conductive ring 15 can be made of copper, copper alloy or stainless steel, and its surface is provided with a metal plating.

[0049] The active electrode 12 and the first friction layer 13 are located at the bottom center of the moving base 11, and the annular pressure block 14 is located at the bottom outer ring of the moving base 11.

[0050] Furthermore, the rotating shaft 2 and the limiting sleeve 42 are made of insulating material. The movable electrode 12 is connected to the conductive ring 15 via a wire, and the conductive ring 15 is electrically connected to the contact electrode 63 on the insulating mounting base 62 via a wire, serving as the first output terminal.

[0051] In this embodiment, the mover base 11 of the mover assembly 1 is made of titanium-aluminum alloy. The center of the inner surface integrates a power generation unit consisting of a 100μm thick polyvinylidene fluoride first friction layer 13 and a nickel foil-shaped active electrode 12. The active electrode 12 is connected to the conductive substrate inside the conductive ring 15 through a silver-plated copper core wire covered with a 0.8mm thick polytetrafluoroethylene insulating sleeve.

[0052] See Figure 4 The lower shell assembly 6 includes a lower shell 61 with a U-shaped cross-section. The lower shell 61 and the upper shell 51 are connected by a sealing flange and a rubber ring at the mating end.

[0053] In this embodiment, the stator assembly 7 is located at the bottom center of the lower housing assembly 6, and the cylindrical stator base 71 is connected to the bottom center of the lower housing 61. The cylindrical fixed electrode 72 and the second friction layer 73 are located above the center of the stator base 71. An isolation layer 75 is provided around the outer ring of the fixed electrode 72 and the second friction layer 73, and an annular heating layer 74 is provided around the outer ring of the isolation layer 75.

[0054] The stator assembly 7 of the present invention is spatially divided into a central power generation area and an annular heating area by an isolation layer 75. The fixed electrode 72 is electrically connected to the contact electrode 63 on the insulating mounting base 62 via a wire, serving as the second output terminal. When the mover assembly 1 is pressed down and rotated, the first friction layer 13 and the second friction layer 73 undergo relative rotational sliding friction, generating alternating current based on the principles of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction.

[0055] To accommodate the helical downward pressing action of the moving part 1 of the present invention, the second friction layer 73, the insulating layer 75, and the annular heating layer 74 are all elastic. For example, the second friction layer 73 is made of an elastic polymer material, which can undergo reversible deformation under external force, thereby increasing the effective contact area between it and the first friction layer 13 and improving the triboelectric efficiency.

[0056] Preferably, the elastic second friction layer 73 is doped with a dielectric constant modifier to control the surface charge density during the triboelectric charging process. The dielectric constant modifier can be selected from any one of barium titanate, titanium dioxide, barium strontium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate, strontium titanate, zinc oxide, bismuth titanate, and lithium niobate, and its doping amount is preferably 5wt% to 15wt%.

[0057] In this embodiment, zirconia-toughened alumina is used as the stator base 71, and a 200nm thick gold film fixed electrode 72 and a 50μm thick polytetrafluoroethylene second friction layer 73 are sequentially prepared on its surface. The polytetrafluoroethylene layer is doped with 10wt% barium titanate dielectric constant modifier.

[0058] In this embodiment, the insulating layer 75 is a flexible material with high thermal conductivity and high insulation. For example, boron nitride-filled silicone can be used to achieve thermoelectric isolation.

[0059] The annular pressure block 14 is made of engineering plastic or metal. For example, in this embodiment, the annular pressure block 14 can be made of titanium alloy and coated with a 20μm thick titanium nitride wear-resistant coating.

[0060] The annular heating layer 74 is made of an elastic polymer composite material reinforced with conductive fillers. The elastic polymer matrix can be selected from silicone rubber, thermoplastic elastomer, or polyurethane elastomer. For example, in this embodiment, the annular heating layer 74 is made of a silicone rubber composite material reinforced with a graphene / carbon nanotube mixed conductive filler, wherein the mass ratio of graphene to carbon nanotube is 1:1, the total doping ratio of the mixed conductive filler in the silicone rubber matrix is ​​20 wt%, and the thickness gradually changes from 1 mm to 3 mm to form a thermal resistance gradient.

[0061] When the moving part assembly 1 rotates and presses down, the annular pressure block 14 can rotate and squeeze with the isolation layer 75 and the annular heating layer 74.

[0062] The annular heating zone surrounds the central power generation zone. During the periodic contact and relative movement between the annular heating zone and the annular pressure block 14, friction is generated on the surface of the composite material. Some mechanical energy is dissipated as heat and gradually accumulates in the annular area, thereby achieving a gentle heating of the structure around the central power generation zone without relying on an external heating source, forming a frictional heating effect synchronized with the power generation process.

[0063] When the pressing component 3 is pressed by an external force, the moving component 1 rotates downward along a spiral trajectory, and the first and second friction layers slide relative to each other, generating alternating current. Simultaneously, the annular pressure block 14 applies pressure to the outer region of the stator component 7, causing radial strain in the annular heating area during the pressing process, thereby altering its electrothermal characteristics. When the external force is removed, the first spring 33 and the second spring 41 release energy, driving the moving component 1 to rotate in the opposite direction along the spiral trajectory to reset. Thus, a single pressing operation can achieve a complete cycle of "downward contact power generation" and "upward separation and reset," significantly increasing the effective friction path.

[0064] In this embodiment, the insulating mounting base 62 is disposed below the stator base 71, and a support frame is disposed below it. Two mutually insulated contact electrodes 63 and an external load are disposed on the outer wall of the mounting base 62. Wire holes are provided on the stator base 71 and the insulating mounting base 62. The first output end of the triboelectric nanogenerator is electrically connected to one end of the external load through a first wire, and the other end of the external load is electrically connected to one of the contact electrodes 63. The other contact electrode 63 is electrically connected to the second output end of the triboelectric nanogenerator through a second wire, thereby forming a controlled electrostatic discharge circuit when an external electrostatically charged object comes into contact with the contact electrode 63.

[0065] In this embodiment, the insulating mounting base 62 is made of alumina ceramic, with a size of 40mm×30mm, and a copper terminal with a diameter of 2mm is reserved on the bottom surface; the three-dimensional porous conductive contact electrode 63 is made of graphene foam, with a single electrode size of 8mm×8mm×10mm, an internal porosity of 60%, a center-to-center distance of 6mm between adjacent electrodes, and a 30μm thick polytetrafluoroethylene modified conductive silver coating on the surface.

[0066] Preferably, a protective cover is provided on the outside of the contact electrode 63. The protective cover is made of insulating material, such as ABS engineering plastic, and is connected to the lower housing 61 by a sliding cover, hinge, flexible cable or buckle structure, so as to further reduce the risk of accidental contact without affecting the electrostatic discharge.

[0067] In this embodiment, the external load can be a current-limiting element or an energy harvesting device, used to utilize or dissipate the electrical energy introduced during the electrostatic collection process.

[0068] When a current-limiting element is used, it can be a high-resistance resistor, which can be selected from any one of metal film resistors, metal oxide film resistors, wire-wound resistors or thick film resistors, and its resistance range is preferably 1 MΩ to 100 MΩ.

[0069] When using energy harvesting devices, any one of the following can be selected: a self-emitting diode, a low-power indicator light-emitting diode, a gas discharge indicator light or an electroluminescent device, a piezoelectric buzzer, a miniature buzzer, an electromagnetic buzzer, a thin-film loudspeaker, a linear resonant actuator, a piezoelectric vibrator, or a piezoelectric actuator, to convert part of the electrostatic energy into a perceptible physical signal during the electrostatic discharge process.

[0070] During operation, the triboelectric nanogenerator generates high-frequency, high-voltage pulsed electrical energy. This energy is extracted through the active electrode 12, passed through an external load, and then applied to the contact electrode 63. Due to the large specific surface area of ​​the contact electrode 63, a locally enhanced electric field region is formed on its surface and around its porous structure. This local electric field ionizes the air in the vicinity of the contact electrode 63, generating charged particles. When an external object with a high electrostatic potential approaches or contacts the contact electrode, the charged particles migrate towards the object under the influence of the electric field and neutralize its surface static charge, thus efficiently and actively eliminating static electricity from the target object. Simultaneously, when an external object with a high electrostatic potential comes into contact with or near the contact electrode 63, the static charge carried by the object is introduced into the energy harvesting device via the contact electrode, converting the static electricity into light, heat, sound, or mechanical vibration energy, thereby achieving electrostatic collection and utilization and state feedback.

[0071] Tests have shown that this device can generate kilovolt-level voltage output during a single press and rotation operation. It is particularly suitable for temperature control within the sealed cavity of the triboelectric nanogenerator device in low-temperature or complex environments to maintain the efficient and stable operation of its power generation and functional units, thereby meeting the working requirements of the subsequent static elimination unit.

[0072] To further verify the improved performance of the device of the present invention under low-temperature conditions due to self-heating regulation, a control experiment was set up as follows: Experimental conditions: Low temperature environment of 5 ℃.

[0073] Control group: The annular pressure block 14 and the annular heating layer 74 were removed from this device, and the screw drive mechanism was changed to a simple vertical pressing mechanism. The moving part 1 and the stator part 7 only have axial contact and separation movements, and no rotational friction and self-heating effect are generated.

[0074] Test method: Continuous pressing test under the same pressing frequency and pressing force conditions.

[0075] Results: In a low-temperature environment, the surface temperature of the control device remained at 5-6 ℃ throughout the test without significant temperature rise. The peak output voltage of its triboelectric nanogenerator during a single press was mainly distributed in the range of 3-5 kV, and the output voltage fluctuated significantly between multiple press cycles.

[0076] Moreover, when the device outputs a pulse voltage of 3-5kV, it is difficult to form a stable corona discharge near the elimination electrode, the static electricity neutralization rate is low, the static electricity elimination time exceeds 2s, and the elimination process is unstable.

[0077] In contrast, the device of this embodiment also has a low output voltage during the initial pressing stage. However, as the pressing-rotation friction process continues, the temperature of the annular heating area gradually increases and tends to stabilize. After pressing for about 8-10 times, the local temperature rises from 5°C to 18-20°C. The corresponding peak output voltage of the triboelectric nanogenerator increases from the initial 3-5kV to 8-10kV, and the output fluctuation between multiple pressing cycles is significantly reduced.

[0078] Moreover, when the device outputs a pulse voltage of approximately 8-10 kV, it can form a stable discharge path under certain distance conditions, significantly improving the degree of spatial ionization and shortening the electrostatic elimination time to 0.5 s.

[0079] When the output pulse voltage of the device is further increased to 12-13 kV, the electrostatic elimination time is about 0.4s. However, compared with the output voltage of 8-10kV, the improvement in elimination time is significantly reduced. Furthermore, under the same test conditions, further increasing the output voltage significantly improves the elimination efficiency, indicating that the electrostatic elimination effect is close to saturation in this voltage range.

[0080] The above results demonstrate that, under low-temperature conditions, the present invention, through the self-heating effect of rotational friction generated by the pressing drive, can effectively regulate the temperature of the internal friction interface of the device, thereby significantly improving the electrification performance and output stability at low temperatures, demonstrating superior technical effects compared to methods relying solely on contact-separation electrification. In practical applications, after 8-10 consecutive presses, the device's output voltage can stably fall into the effective electrostatic elimination range, thus achieving rapid and reliable electrostatic elimination while ensuring safety and stability.

Claims

1. A self-heating, high-efficiency electrostatic collection and elimination device based on a nanogenerator, characterized in that, It includes an upper shell assembly (5) and a lower shell assembly (6) that are sealed together, and a vacuum valve (8) is provided on the upper shell assembly (5) or the lower shell assembly (6). The upper shell assembly (5) is slidably connected to a pressing assembly (3), the lower part of the pressing assembly (3) extends into the upper shell assembly (5), and is connected to a moving part assembly (1) through a screw transmission mechanism. The pressing assembly (3) moves upward through a return unit. The moving part assembly (1) includes a moving part base (11), a movable electrode (12) is disposed below it, a first friction layer (13) is disposed below the movable electrode (12), and an annular pressure block (14) is disposed on the outer ring of the first friction layer (13). The lower shell assembly (6) is provided with a stator assembly (7), the stator assembly (7) includes a stator base (71), a fixed electrode (72) is provided above it, a second friction layer (73) is provided above the fixed electrode (72), and an annular heating layer (74) is provided on the outer ring of the second friction layer (73). The pressing action of the pressing component (3) can drive the moving component (1) to rotate and move downward, and make the first friction layer (13) contact the second friction layer (73), and the pressing block contact the heating layer; An insulating mounting base (62) is provided below the lower shell assembly (6). Two contact electrodes (63) and an external load are provided on the insulating mounting base (62). The two contact electrodes (63) are electrically connected to the movable electrode (12) and the fixed electrode (72) respectively.

2. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper shell assembly (5) includes an upper shell (51), and a vertical sliding sleeve (52) is connected to the middle position of the upper shell (51). A limiting block (521) is provided on the inner wall of the vertical sliding sleeve (52). The pressing assembly (3) includes an upper top cover (32) and a lower slide bar (31). A vertical slide groove (35) is opened on the outer wall of the slide bar (31), and the slide groove (35) passes through the limiting block (521).

3. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slide bar (31) is provided with a receiving cavity with a bottom opening, and a slider (34) is provided on the lower inner wall of the receiving cavity. The helical transmission mechanism includes a rotating shaft (2), the outer wall of which is provided with a helical hole (21) or a helical groove, the upper part of the rotating shaft (2) extends into the slide rod (31), and the slider (34) extends into the helical hole (21) or the helical groove; The lower part of the rotating shaft (2) is connected to the moving part assembly (1).

4. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The return unit includes a first spring (33) located in the receiving cavity. The lower part of the first spring (33) abuts against the top of the rotating shaft (2), and the upper part is rotatably connected to the upper wall of the receiving cavity.

5. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The return unit includes a return component (4), which includes a second spring (41) and a limiting sleeve (42). The limiting sleeve (42) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the rotating shaft (2) and can restrict the rotating shaft (2) from passing downward through the limiting sleeve (42). The lower end of the second spring (41) is connected to the limiting sleeve (42), and the upper end is connected to the upper top wall of the upper housing (51).

6. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second spring (41) has a greater elastic force than the first spring (33).

7. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The moving base (11) is hemispherical, and a conductive ring (15) is provided on the top of the moving base (11). The conductive ring (15) is connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft (2). The active electrode (12) and the first friction layer (13) are located at the bottom center of the moving base (11), and the annular pressure block (14) is located at the bottom outer ring of the moving base (11).

8. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (2) and the limiting sleeve (42) are made of insulating material.

9. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixed electrode (72) and the second friction layer (73) of the stator assembly (7) are located above the middle of the stator base (71). An isolation layer (75) is provided on the outer ring of the fixed electrode (72) and the second friction layer (73), and an annular heating layer (74) is provided on the outer ring of the isolation layer (75).

10. The electrostatic collection and elimination device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second friction layer (73), the isolation layer (75) and the annular heating layer (74) are all elastic.

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