Waste foam extruding, conveying and crushing integrated equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses waste foam extruding, conveying and crushing integrated equipment. A discharging port of an extruding mechanism communicates with the feeding end of a conveying mechanism, and the discharging end of the conveying mechanism communicates with a feeding hopper of a crushing mechanism; the extrusion mechanism is of a cold compression structure and is provided with a vertical hydraulic cylinder set, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder set, a baffle and a limiting block. The conveying mechanism is an inclined belt conveyor and is provided with an inverted-U-shaped frame, anti-skid lines, a supporting frame, universal wheels, rolling wheels, a balancing weight and a powerful brake structure. The crushing mechanism is provided with an inclined feeding hopper, a rubber sheet blocking curtain, a side-arranged metal screening net, a static electricity removing structure, an air suction channel, a suction fan, an air blowing hole, an air blowing channel, an air blower, a collecting hopper, opposite rotating shafts and staggered crushing cutters. The foam compression ratio reaches 10: 1 or above through bidirectional cold compression, the qualified rate of finished products reaches 95% or above through double speed reduction of the crushing mechanism, a side screening net and a secondary crushing structure, the problem of material blocking is thoroughly solved through an electrostatic eliminating structure, and the conveying mechanism has the anti-falling function and the overhauling function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of waste foam recycling and processing equipment, and relates to an integrated equipment for extruding, conveying and crushing waste foam. Background Technology

[0002] Waste foam plastics are difficult to recycle due to their large volume and low density. Existing technologies mostly use single equipment to compress, transport or crush them, without forming an integrated processing system, resulting in low processing efficiency and complicated procedures.

[0003] The first problem caused by the plastic not being extruded is that it is difficult to handle and put into the crusher box when it is crushed, due to the large volume of foam. The second problem is that the small foam particles of the unextruded foam fly around during the crushing process, causing particle pollution and interfering with the working environment. The third problem is that the loose foam particles are easy to adhere to the inner wall of the crusher box and the crushing blades, thus clogging the crusher box and the discharge channel.

[0004] Existing foam compression equipment is mostly spiral propulsion type or unidirectional hydraulic extrusion type, which has poor compression molding effect. The fluffy foam is easy to disperse during discharge, which cannot meet the feeding requirements of subsequent crushing. Existing belt conveyors do not have a special anti-fall structure for foam blocks, and foam blocks are easy to fall from both sides of the conveyor belt. Moreover, most conveyors are fixed structures and cannot be moved, making it inconvenient to adjust the position of the conveyor according to production needs. At the same time, there is no dedicated passage for maintenance of the crushing mechanism, resulting in low operational safety.

[0005] The feed hoppers of existing foam crushing mechanisms are mostly vertically arranged. When foam blocks directly impact the crushing blades, it can easily damage the blades and cause blockages inside the machine. Screens are mostly located at the bottom of the crushing machine, which are easily blocked by the accumulation of substandard foam debris, resulting in poor discharge. Furthermore, the static electricity generated during the crushing process causes foam debris to adhere to the inner wall of the machine and the crushing blades, further aggravating the blockage problem. In addition, substandard debris tends to accumulate at the bottom of the crushing machine, making secondary crushing impossible and reducing the finished product qualification rate.

[0006] Although existing technologies include individual devices such as foam compressors and foam crushers, they do not organically combine extrusion, conveying, and crushing technologies. Furthermore, the structural design of each individual device suffers from the aforementioned defects, failing to address the technical problems of low efficiency, material blockage, and low finished product qualification rate in waste foam recycling and processing. Therefore, in order to solve the aforementioned technical problems, the technical solution of this application was proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated equipment for extruding, conveying, and crushing waste foam, which integrates extrusion, conveying, and crushing to solve the problems of low processing efficiency, easy blockage, low finished product qualification rate, and poor operational safety of existing equipment, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of waste foam recycling and processing.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An integrated extrusion, conveying, and crushing device for waste foam includes an extrusion mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and a crushing mechanism. The discharge port of the extrusion mechanism is connected to the feed end of the conveying mechanism, and the discharge end of the conveying mechanism is connected to the feed hopper of the crushing mechanism.

[0009] The extrusion mechanism is a cold compression structure, with a vertical hydraulic cylinder group and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder group inside. It achieves cold compression molding of waste foam through bidirectional hydraulic extrusion. A baffle is movably connected at the discharge port of the extrusion mechanism, and at least two limit blocks are fixedly connected to the outer wall. The limit blocks abut against the baffle to provide support for the baffle and prevent the baffle from being pushed open during horizontal extrusion, ensuring that the foam is extruded into regular square blocks.

[0010] The conveying mechanism is an inclined belt conveyor, with several inverted U-shaped frames fixedly connected to it. This prevents foam blocks from falling off the sides of the conveyor belt and also serves as a maintenance passage, allowing workers to easily climb to the top of the crushing mechanism for cleaning. The conveyor belt surface is textured with anti-slip patterns to increase the friction between the foam blocks and the conveyor belt. A support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying mechanism, with several casters and rollers fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame. This allows for flexible movement of the conveying mechanism to adapt to different production layouts. A counterweight is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame. Both the casters and rollers are equipped with powerful braking structures to ensure the stability and operational safety of the conveying mechanism when workers pass through the U-shaped frames for maintenance.

[0011] The crushing mechanism includes a base, on which a crusher box is fixedly connected. An inclined feed hopper is connected to the top of the crusher box. Several rubber baffles are fixedly connected to the inlet of the feed hopper. Through the combined action of the inclined feed hopper and the rubber baffles, the speed at which foam blocks enter the crusher box is reduced, preventing foam blocks from directly impacting the crushing blades and causing damage and blockage. A discharge port is opened on the side of the crusher box and a metal screen is fixedly connected to it, enabling the discharge of qualified foam fragments and the interception of unqualified fragments. The inner wall of the crusher box, the crushing blades, and the metal screen are all equipped with anti-static structures to eliminate static electricity generated during the crushing process and prevent foam fragments from adhering and causing blockage. A suction channel is connected to the side of the crusher box, and a suction fan is fixedly connected inside the suction channel. The metal screen is located between the suction fan and the crusher box. The compliant debris is sucked out by the suction of a blower to avoid clogging of the discharge port. Several air vents are opened at the bottom of the crusher box, and an air duct is fixedly connected to the bottom. The air vents and the air duct are connected. A blower is fixedly connected inside the air duct. The blower blows air into the crusher box to blow up the non-compliant debris accumulated at the bottom, achieving secondary crushing. A collection hopper is installed at the bottom of the air duct to collect the fine debris entering the air duct and prevent it from affecting the operation of the blower. At least two sets of opposing rotating shafts are rotatably connected inside the crusher box. Several crushing blades are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts. The crushing blades on adjacent rotating shafts are staggered to achieve rapid crushing of foam blocks. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the base and is connected to the rotating shaft to provide power to the rotating shaft.

[0012] The working principle of this invention is as follows: loose and fluffy waste foam is put into the extrusion mechanism, the vertical hydraulic cylinder group extrudes the foam downward, and then the horizontal hydraulic cylinder group extrudes the foam towards the discharge port. The baffle is closed under the support of the limit block. The foam is extruded into regular and compact square blocks through bidirectional cold compression. After extrusion is completed, the baffle is opened and the square blocks fall into the conveying mechanism. The conveyor belt of the conveyor mechanism moves the foam blocks upwards. The inverted U-shaped frame prevents the foam blocks from falling from both sides. The anti-slip texture increases friction and prevents slipping. Workers can climb to the top of the crushing mechanism for maintenance through the inverted U-shaped frame. The casters and rollers enable the flexible movement of the conveyor mechanism. The counterweight and powerful braking structure ensure the stability and fixation of the conveyor mechanism. Foam blocks are conveyed into the inclined feed hopper of the crushing mechanism, slide down the hopper, and are slowed down by a rubber baffle before entering the crusher box in an orderly manner. The drive motor drives two sets of rotating shafts to rotate in opposite directions via belts and gears, and the staggered crushing blades bite and crush the foam blocks. During the crushing process, an anti-static coating eliminates static electricity and prevents debris from adhering. Qualified foam debris passes through a side-mounted metal screen and enters the collection device through the suction channel under the suction of the blower. Unqualified debris accumulates at the bottom of the crusher box, and is blown up by the blower intermittently for secondary crushing by the crushing blades. A small amount of fine debris enters the blower channel through the blower holes, is collected by the collection hopper, and then enters the main collection device to avoid affecting the operation of the blower. The suction fan can adjust the airflow according to the processing volume, and the intermittent operation of the blower avoids mutual interference with the suction, ensuring the efficient and continuous operation of the crushing process.

[0013] The entire equipment achieves integrated continuous production of extrusion, conveying, and crushing, with close connection between each process, effectively solving the problems of low processing efficiency, easy material blockage, low finished product qualification rate, and poor operational safety in existing technologies.

[0014] Furthermore, there are four limiting blocks, which are symmetrically distributed in pairs on both sides of the discharge port of the extrusion mechanism to enhance the support force on the baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, the spacing between the inverted U-shaped frames is 20cm-40cm, and the anti-slip texture is a diamond structure, protruding 2mm-3mm above the conveyor belt surface to improve conveying stability.

[0016] Furthermore, the number of rubber barrier curtains is 2-4, with the lower end abutting against the inner wall of the feed hopper, and the adjacent spacing is 5cm-10cm, to ensure the deceleration effect.

[0017] Furthermore, the mesh size of the metal screen is 5mm-10mm, and the mesh size of the air blower is 0.2mm-0.5mm. The mesh size of the metal screen is 20 to 50 times larger than that of the air blower to prevent foam debris from leaking out of the air blower.

[0018] Furthermore, the static-eliminating structure is an anti-static coating that covers the inner wall of the crusher box, the surface of the crushing blades, and the surface of the metal screen, completely eliminating static electricity.

[0019] Furthermore, the blower has an intermittent working structure, while the suction fan has an adjustable airflow structure with an airflow adjustment range of level 1 to 5, suitable for foam crushing of different production volumes.

[0020] Furthermore, the distance between the lower end face of the crusher blade and the bottom inner wall of the crusher box is 3cm-8cm, ensuring that substandard debris can be blown up for secondary crushing. The air vents are arranged in a matrix at the bottom of the crusher box to make the airflow more uniform.

[0021] Furthermore, a second collecting hopper is installed at the discharge port of the suction channel. The size of the second collecting hopper is larger than that of the first collecting hopper. The first collecting hopper is convenient for collecting fine debris entering the blower channel, while the second collecting hopper is convenient for collecting foam debris that meets the size requirements after crushing. Preferably, the size of the second collecting hopper is much larger than that of the first collecting hopper, so that the amount of fine debris entering the first collecting hopper is less, while the amount entering the first collecting hopper is more.

[0022] Furthermore, a main wheel groove is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and a secondary wheel groove is fixedly connected to the end of one set of rotating shafts. The main wheel groove and the secondary wheel groove are connected by a belt drive. Gears are fixedly connected to the ends of adjacent rotating shafts, and the adjacent gears mesh with each other to realize the opposite rotation of the rotating shafts.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. An integrated extrusion, conveying and crushing equipment for waste foam. This invention adopts an integrated design of extrusion, conveying and crushing, organically combining the cold compression, conveying and crushing processes of waste foam to achieve continuous production. Compared with the step-by-step processing of existing single equipment, the foam processing efficiency is increased by more than 50%, and manual operation and process time are greatly reduced.

[0024] 2. In this invention, the extrusion mechanism adopts a vertical and horizontal dual-direction cold compression structure, combined with baffles and limiting blocks, so that the volume compression ratio of waste foam reaches more than 10:1. The square blocks formed by extrusion are regular and compact, effectively avoiding the problem of loose material in the subsequent conveying and crushing process, and solving the technical defects of poor unidirectional extrusion molding effect in the existing technology.

[0025] 3. In this invention, the inverted U-shaped frame of the conveying mechanism has the dual functions of preventing falls and providing a maintenance passage, which solves the problem that existing conveyors do not have a dedicated maintenance passage. At the same time, the casters and rollers, together with the counterweight and powerful braking structure, enable the flexible movement and stable fixation of the conveying mechanism, improving operational safety and the adaptability of the conveying mechanism.

[0026] 4. In this invention, the crushing mechanism adopts a dual deceleration structure of inclined feed hopper + rubber blocking curtain, which completely avoids the damage to the crushing blade and the problem of material blockage caused by foam blocks directly hitting the crushing blade. The side-mounted metal screen combined with the bottom blower for secondary crushing solves the problem of easy blockage of the existing bottom screen, so that the finished product qualification rate of foam fragments reaches more than 95%.

[0027] 5. In this invention, the crusher box, crushing blades and metal screen are all equipped with anti-static coatings to completely eliminate static electricity generated during the crushing process, thoroughly solve the problem of material blockage caused by foam debris adhering to the inner wall of the box and the blades, and improve the continuous working capacity of the equipment.

[0028] 6. In this invention, the blower operates intermittently, and the suction fan adopts an adjustable wind force structure. This ensures the secondary crushing effect of substandard debris while avoiding mutual interference between the blower and the suction fan. The collection hopper in the blower channel can effectively collect the fine debris that enters, preventing it from affecting the normal operation of the blower and extending the service life of the crushing mechanism.

[0029] 7. In this invention, each mechanism is reasonably designed, tightly connected, simple to operate, and easy to maintain. It can be adapted to the recycling and treatment of waste foam of different densities and yields, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments, experimental examples, and comparative examples will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 , Figure 4 These are actual photographs of parts of the structure of this invention; Reference numerals: 1-Feed hopper, 2-Vertical hydraulic cylinder group, 3-Horizontal hydraulic cylinder group, 4-Baffle, 5-Limit block, 6-Inclined belt conveyor, 7-Inverted U-shaped frame, 8-Anti-slip texture, 9-Support frame, 10-Counterweight block, 11-Powerful brake structure, 12-Base, 13-Crusher box, 14-Rubber baffle curtain, 15-Metal screen, 16-Suction channel, 17-Suction fan, 18-Blower hole, 19-Blower channel, 20-Blower, 21-First collection hopper, 22-Rotating shaft, 23-Crushing blade, 24-Drive motor, 25-Second collection hopper, 26-Main wheel groove, 27-Second wheel groove, 28-Belt, 29-Gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments, experimental examples, and comparative examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0033] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0034] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0035] I. Implementation Examples Example 1 This invention relates to an integrated equipment for extruding, conveying, and crushing waste foam, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it includes an extrusion mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a crushing mechanism. The discharge port of the extrusion mechanism is connected to the feed end of the conveying mechanism, and the discharge end of the conveying mechanism is connected to the feed hopper 1 of the crushing mechanism. The extrusion mechanism is a cold compression structure, with a vertical hydraulic cylinder group 2 and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder group 3 installed inside. A baffle 4 is movably connected at the discharge port of the extrusion mechanism, and at least two limiting blocks 5 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion mechanism. The limiting blocks 5 abut against the baffle 4. The conveying mechanism is an inclined belt conveyor 6. Several inverted U-shaped frames 7 are fixedly connected to the conveying mechanism. Anti-slip texture 8 is provided on the surface of the conveyor belt of the conveying mechanism. A support frame 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying mechanism. Several universal wheels and rolling wheels are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 9. A counterweight block 10 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 9. Both the universal wheels and rolling wheels are equipped with a powerful braking structure 11. The crushing mechanism includes a base 12, on which a crusher housing 13 is fixedly connected. A feed hopper 1 is inclinedly connected to the top of the crusher housing 13. Several rubber baffle curtains 14 are fixedly connected to the inlet of the feed hopper 1. A discharge port is opened on the side of the crusher housing 13, and a metal screen 15 is fixedly connected to the discharge port. A suction channel 16 is connected to the side of the crusher housing 13, and a suction fan 17 is fixedly connected inside the suction channel 16. The metal screen 15 is located between the suction fan 17 and the crusher housing 13. Several air vents 18 are opened at the bottom of the crusher housing 13. The bottom of the crusher housing 13 is fixedly connected to... A blower 20 is fixedly connected inside the blower 19, and a first collection hopper 21 is installed at the bottom of the blower 19. At least two sets of opposing rotating shafts 22 are rotatably connected inside the crusher box 13. Several crushing blades 23 are fixedly connected on the rotating shafts 22, and the crushing blades 23 on adjacent rotating shafts 22 are staggered. A drive motor 24 is fixedly connected to the base 12, and the drive motor 24 is connected to the rotating shafts 22 for transmission. The inner side wall of the crusher box 13, the crushing blades 23 and the metal screen 15 are all provided with antistatic structures.

[0036] There are four limit blocks 5, which are symmetrically distributed in pairs on both sides of the discharge port of the extrusion mechanism. The limit blocks 5 are metal block structures.

[0037] The spacing of the inverted U-shaped frame 7 is 20cm-40cm, and the anti-slip texture 8 is a diamond structure, with the anti-slip texture 8 protruding 2mm-3mm from the surface of the conveyor belt.

[0038] The number of rubber barrier curtains 14 is 2 to 4. The lower end of the rubber barrier curtain 14 abuts against the inner wall of the feed hopper 1, and the distance between adjacent rubber barrier curtains 14 is 5cm to 10cm.

[0039] The mesh size of the metal screen 15 is 5mm-10mm, and the mesh size of the air blower 18 is 0.2mm-0.5mm. The mesh size of the metal screen 15 is 20 to 50 times larger than that of the air blower 18.

[0040] The static elimination structure is an antistatic coating, which covers the inner wall of the crusher box 13, the surface of the crusher blade 23, and the surface of the metal screen 15.

[0041] The blower 20 has an intermittent working structure, and the suction fan 17 has an adjustable airflow structure with an airflow adjustment range of level 1 to level 5.

[0042] The distance between the lower end face of the crusher blade 23 and the bottom inner wall of the crusher box 13 is 3cm-8cm, and the air vents 18 are arranged in a matrix at the bottom of the crusher box 13.

[0043] The discharge port of the suction channel 16 is equipped with a second collection hopper 25, which is larger than the size of the first collection hopper 21.

[0044] The output shaft of the drive motor 24 is fixedly connected to the main wheel groove 26, and the end of one set of rotating shafts 22 is fixedly connected to the secondary wheel groove 27. The main wheel groove 26 and the secondary wheel groove 27 are connected by a belt 28. The ends of adjacent rotating shafts 22 are fixedly connected to gears 29, and the adjacent gears 29 mesh with each other.

[0045] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: it includes an extrusion mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and a crushing mechanism. The discharge port of the extrusion mechanism and the feed end of the conveying mechanism are arranged vertically, and the discharge end of the conveying mechanism and the feed hopper of the crushing mechanism are arranged vertically.

[0046] The extrusion mechanism is a cold compression structure, with internally welded vertical and horizontal hydraulic cylinder groups. The piston rods of the vertical hydraulic cylinder groups are set downwards, while the piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder groups are set towards the discharge port. The discharge port of the extrusion mechanism is movably connected to a stainless steel baffle via a hinge. Four metal limit blocks are welded to the outer wall of the extrusion mechanism. The four limit blocks are symmetrically distributed in pairs on both sides of the discharge port of the extrusion mechanism, and the end faces of the limit blocks abut against the outer side of the baffle.

[0047] The conveying mechanism is an inclined belt conveyor with an inclination angle of 30°. Several inverted U-shaped frames are welded onto the inclined belt conveyor, with a spacing of 30cm between the inverted U-shaped frames. The surface of the conveyor belt of the conveying mechanism is decorated with diamond-shaped anti-slip patterns, which protrude 2mm from the surface of the conveyor belt. A support frame is welded to the bottom of the conveying mechanism. Four universal wheels and two rolling wheels are welded to the bottom of the support frame. The four universal wheels are distributed at the four corners of the support frame, and the two rolling wheels are distributed in the middle of the support frame. A concrete counterweight block with a weight of 50kg is welded to the bottom of the support frame. Both the universal wheels and the rolling wheels are equipped with an electromagnetic high-strength braking structure.

[0048] The crushing mechanism includes a steel base to which a steel crusher box is bolted. The top of the crusher box is connected to an inclined feed hopper at a 45° angle. Three rubber baffles are bolted to the inlet of the feed hopper, with their lower ends abutting against the inner wall of the hopper. The spacing between adjacent baffles is 8cm. A discharge port is located on the side of the crusher box, and a metal screen with an 8mm mesh size is bolted to the discharge port. The inner wall of the crusher box, the crushing blades, and the surface of the metal screen are all coated with an anti-static coating. A suction duct is connected to the side of the crusher box via a flange. A centrifugal suction fan is bolted to the inside of the crusher box. A metal screen is located between the suction fan and the crusher box. Several air vents are opened at the bottom of the crusher box. The diameter of the air vents is 0.4mm. The mesh diameter of the metal screen is 20 times that of the air vents. The air vents are arranged in a matrix at the bottom of the crusher box. The bottom of the crusher box is bolted to the air duct. The air vents are connected to the air duct. A centrifugal blower is bolted to the air duct. A collection hopper is installed at the bottom of the air duct with a gap between it and the collection hopper. A second collection hopper is installed at the outlet of the suction duct. The size of the second collection hopper is larger than that of the first collection hopper.

[0049] Inside the crusher housing, two sets of opposing rotating shafts are rotatably connected by bearings. Several alloy steel crushing blades are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts by bolts. The crushing blades on adjacent rotating shafts are staggered. The distance between the lower end face of the crushing blade and the bottom inner wall of the crusher housing is 5cm. A variable frequency drive motor is fixedly connected to the base by bolts. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the main wheel groove by a flat key. The end of one set of rotating shafts is fixedly connected to the secondary wheel groove by a flat key. The main wheel groove and the secondary wheel groove are connected by belt drive. The ends of adjacent rotating shafts are fixedly connected to gears by flat keys. The adjacent gears mesh with each other.

[0050] The blower has an intermittent working structure with a working frequency of 30 seconds per cycle, each cycle lasting 5 seconds. The suction fan has an adjustable airflow structure with an airflow adjustment range of level 1 to level 5. Level 1 airflow corresponds to a processing capacity of 50 kg / h, and level 5 airflow corresponds to a processing capacity of 200 kg / h.

[0051] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Loose, fluffy waste foam is fed into the extrusion mechanism. The piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder extends downward to extrude the foam vertically. Subsequently, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder extends towards the discharge port to extrude the foam horizontally. The baffle closes under the support of the limit block, extruding the foam into regular square blocks. After extrusion, the baffle opens, and the square blocks fall into the feed end of the conveyor mechanism. The conveyor belt drives the square blocks upward. An inverted U-shaped frame prevents the foam blocks from falling from both sides, and the diamond-shaped anti-slip texture increases friction to prevent the foam blocks from slipping. The foam blocks are conveyed to the feed hopper of the crushing mechanism through the conveyor mechanism, slide down the inclined feed hopper, and after being decelerated by the rubber blocking curtain, enter the crusher box in an orderly manner. The drive motor drives the main wheel... The trough, belt, and secondary wheel trough drive one set of rotating shafts to rotate. Adjacent rotating shafts rotate in opposite directions through gear meshing. The staggered crushing blades bite and crush the foam blocks. During the crushing process, the anti-static coating eliminates the generated static electricity and prevents foam debris from adhering. Qualified foam debris (pore size ≤ 8mm) passes through a metal screen and enters the collection device through the suction channel under the suction of the blower. Unqualified foam debris accumulates at the bottom of the crusher box. The blower intermittently blows air to blow up the unqualified debris at the bottom, which is then crushed a second time by the crushing blades. A small amount of fine debris enters the blower channel through the blower holes, is collected by the collection hopper, and enters the main collection device to avoid affecting the operation of the blower. The suction fan can adjust the airflow according to the amount of foam to be processed to ensure the rapid discharge of qualified debris.

[0052] Example 2 This invention relates to an integrated equipment for extruding, conveying, and crushing waste foam, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the specific implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that six metal limiting blocks are welded to the outer wall of the extrusion mechanism. The six limiting blocks are evenly distributed on both sides of the discharge port of the extrusion mechanism, three on each side. The end face of the limiting block abuts against the outer side of the baffle, thereby increasing the support force on the baffle and adapting to the extrusion of high-density foam. Both the vertical hydraulic cylinder group and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder group adopt servo hydraulic cylinders, which can realize precise adjustment of extrusion pressure. The vertical extrusion pressure adjustment range is 0-50MPa, and the horizontal extrusion pressure adjustment range is 0-30MPa.

[0053] Example 3 This invention relates to an integrated equipment for extruding, conveying, and crushing waste foam, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the specific implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the spacing of the inverted U-shaped frame of the conveying mechanism is 20cm, the material of the inverted U-shaped frame is aluminum alloy, which reduces the weight of the conveying mechanism, the surface of the conveyor belt of the conveying mechanism is provided with herringbone anti-slip texture, the anti-slip texture is raised 3mm above the surface of the conveyor belt, which increases the friction between the foam block and the conveyor belt and prevents the foam block from slipping during inclined conveying; the counterweight at the bottom of the support frame is made of cast iron and weighs 40kg, which further reduces the weight while ensuring the stability of the conveying mechanism.

[0054] Example 4 This invention relates to an integrated equipment for extruding, conveying, and crushing waste foam, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the specific implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that four rubber baffle curtains are fixedly connected to the inlet of the feed hopper of the crushing mechanism by bolts. The spacing between adjacent rubber baffle curtains is 5cm, and the thickness of the rubber baffle curtains is 5mm, which improves the deceleration effect and is suitable for large-sized foam square blocks; the mesh size of the metal screen is 5mm, and the mesh size of the air vent is 0.25mm. The mesh size of the metal screen is 20 times that of the air vent, ensuring that foam debris will not leak from the air vent; the metal screen is a detachable structure and is connected to the discharge port of the crusher box by buckles, which is convenient for replacement and cleaning.

[0055] The rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as in embodiment 1. Compared with embodiment 1, the crushing mechanism in this embodiment can be adapted to crushing large-sized foam square blocks. The detachable design of the screen facilitates the maintenance of the crushing mechanism and improves the ease of use of the crushing mechanism.

[0056] Example 5 This invention relates to an integrated equipment for extruding, conveying, and crushing waste foam, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the specific implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the distance between the lower end face of the crushing blade and the bottom inner wall of the crusher box is 8cm, which is suitable for secondary crushing of large-sized non-compliant debris; the intermittent working frequency of the blower is 20s / time, and each working time is 6s, which improves the efficiency of secondary crushing; the wind power adjustment range of the suction fan is level 1-6, and level 6 wind power corresponds to a processing capacity of 250kg / h, which is suitable for high-volume foam crushing needs.

[0057] The rest of the structure in this embodiment is the same as in embodiment 1. Compared with embodiment 1, the crushing mechanism in this embodiment can be adapted to crushing waste foam with high output and large particle size, and the secondary crushing efficiency is higher and the processing capacity is larger.

[0058] II. Experimental Examples To verify the actual performance of the integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment of this invention, the following experimental examples were set up. The experimental materials, instruments, methods, and indicators were standardized as follows.

[0059] Basic experimental conditions (1) Experimental materials: Common waste EPS foam (density 0.03g / cm³, initial volume 1m³, and after crushing, the standard is that the particle size of the debris is ≤8mm). Each group of experiments used waste foam of the same specification and weight (30kg) to ensure that the experimental variables were unique.

[0060] (2) Experimental instruments: electronic timer (accuracy 0.1s), electronic balance (accuracy 0.1g), standard sieve analyzer (sieve aperture 8mm), pressure gauge (accuracy 0.1MPa), noise meter (accuracy 1dB).

[0061] (3) Experimental method: Each group of experiments was conducted according to the working principle of the equipment of the present invention, and the entire process of extrusion, conveying and crushing of waste foam was completed. The experiment was run continuously for 3 times, and the average value of the 3 experimental data was taken as the final experimental result.

[0062] (4) Experimental indicators: ① Processing efficiency (kg / h): The weight of waste foam processed by crushing per unit time; ② Finished product qualification rate (%): The proportion of qualified fragments to the total weight of crushed fragments after screening by an 8mm standard sieve; ③ Number of blockages (times / 30kg): The number of times the equipment experiences blockages (poor extrusion, falling conveyor, or jamming during the processing of 30kg of waste foam); ④ Continuous working time (h): The longest continuous operation time of the equipment without failure; ⑤ Compression ratio: The ratio of the volume of the foam block after compression to the initial foam volume.

[0063] Experimental Example 1 (corresponding to Example 1) Experimental equipment: The integrated equipment described in Example 1 was used, with extrusion pressure (vertical 30MPa, horizontal 20MPa), conveying tilt angle of 30°, suction fan wind force of level 3, blower working frequency of 30s / time (5s each time), and metal screening mesh aperture of 8mm.

[0064] Experimental results: Processing efficiency 120 kg / h, finished product qualification rate 96.8%, 0 times of material blockage, continuous working time 8.5 h, compression ratio 10.2:1.

[0065] Experimental Example 2 (corresponding to Example 3) Experimental equipment: The integrated equipment described in Example 3 was used, with extrusion pressure (vertical 30MPa, horizontal 20MPa), conveyor tilt angle of 30°, inverted U-shaped frame spacing of 20cm, anti-slip texture of herringbone pattern (raised 3mm), suction fan wind force of level 3, blower working frequency of 30s / time (5s each time), and metal screening mesh aperture of 8mm.

[0066] Experimental results: Processing efficiency 125 kg / h, finished product qualification rate 97.2%, 0 times of material blockage, continuous working time 8.8 h, compression ratio 10.2:1.

[0067] Note: After reducing the spacing between the inverted U-shaped frames and optimizing the anti-slip texture, the conveying stability is improved, the foam blocks do not fall, and the overall processing efficiency and continuous working capacity are indirectly improved.

[0068] Experimental Example 3 (corresponding to Example 5) Experimental equipment: The integrated equipment described in Example 5 was used, with extrusion pressure (vertical 35MPa, horizontal 25MPa), conveying tilt angle of 30°, suction fan wind force of level 5, blower working frequency of 20s / time (6s each time), distance between crushing blade and bottom of the machine box of 8mm, and metal screening mesh aperture of 8mm.

[0069] Experimental results: Processing efficiency 200kg / h, finished product qualification rate 95.5%, material blockage once (caused by a small amount of substandard debris accumulating instantly due to increased processing volume, which was resolved automatically by the blower without stopping the machine), continuous working time 7.8h, compression ratio 11.5:1.

[0070] Note: After increasing the extrusion pressure, suction fan power, and blower operating frequency, the processing efficiency is greatly improved and the compression ratio is higher. Although a slight blockage occurred once due to the increased processing volume, it can be resolved automatically and does not affect the normal operation of the equipment.

[0071] III. Comparative Example Commonly used waste foam treatment equipment in the prior art was selected as a comparative example and compared with the equipment in Experiment Example 1 of this invention. The basic experimental conditions (experimental materials, instruments, methods, and indicators) were consistent with those of the experimental example, highlighting the technical advantages of this invention.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 (Single device, step-by-step processing) Equipment configuration: The existing unidirectional hydraulic extruder (vertical extrusion only) + ordinary belt conveyor (no anti-fall structure, fixed setting) + ordinary bottom screening crusher (no anti-static, no secondary air blowing) is used to complete the extrusion, conveying and crushing in steps. The foam needs to be manually transferred (after extrusion → conveyor → crusher).

[0073] Experimental results: Processing efficiency 48 kg / h, finished product qualification rate 72.3%, 6 times of material blockage (2 times of extrusion and discharge of loose material, 2 times of conveying drop, and 2 times of crushing jamming), continuous working time 2.5h, compression ratio 4.8:1.

[0074] Comparative analysis: Compared with Experiment 1, the processing efficiency is only 40% of that of Experiment 1, the finished product qualification rate is reduced by 24.5 percentage points, the number of material blockages increases significantly, the continuous working time is less than 1 / 3 of that of Experiment 1, and the compression ratio is only 47% of that of Experiment 1. The main reasons are the lack of integrated design, time-consuming manual transfer, poor unidirectional extrusion molding, lack of anti-drop structure in the conveyor, lack of anti-static and secondary air blowing in the crushing process, and serious material blockage.

[0075] Comparative Example 2 (Existing integrated equipment, unidirectional extrusion + bottom screening) Equipment configuration: Existing integrated foam extrusion, conveying and crushing equipment. The extrusion mechanism is a unidirectional (horizontal) hydraulic extrusion, the conveying mechanism has no inverted U-shaped frame, and the crushing mechanism is a bottom screening screen (no side suction), no anti-static structure, and no secondary blower.

[0076] Experimental results: Processing efficiency 75 kg / h, finished product qualification rate 81.6%, number of material blockages 4 times (1 time of crushing loose material, 1 time of conveying drop, and 2 times of crushing and screening screen blockage), continuous working time 4.2h, compression ratio 6.3:1.

[0077] Comparative analysis: Compared with Experiment 1, the processing efficiency decreased by 37.5%, the finished product qualification rate decreased by 15.2 percentage points, the number of material blockages was still relatively high, the continuous working time was less than half that of Experiment 1, and the compression ratio was only 61.8% of that of Experiment 1. The main reasons are poor unidirectional extrusion molding, no anti-drop structure in the conveyor, no side suction, anti-static and secondary blowing in the crusher, and easy material blockage and debris adhesion.

[0078] Comparative Example 3 (The device of this invention has no anti-static structure) Equipment configuration: Same as the equipment in Experiment Example 1, except that the antistatic coating on the inner wall of the crusher box, the crushing blade, and the metal screen is removed (no antistatic structure).

[0079] Experimental results: Processing efficiency 98 kg / h, finished product qualification rate 88.2%, 3 instances of material blockage (all due to debris adhering to the crushing mechanism), continuous working time 5.3 h, compression ratio 10.1:1.

[0080] Comparative analysis: Compared with Experiment 1, the processing efficiency decreased by 18.3%, the finished product qualification rate decreased by 8.6 percentage points, the number of material blockages increased by 3, and the continuous working time was shortened by 3.2 hours. This shows that the anti-static structure can effectively prevent debris adhesion, reduce material blockage, and improve the continuous working capacity of the equipment and the finished product qualification rate.

[0081] Comparative Example 4 (The device of this invention has no secondary blower structure) Equipment configuration: Same as the equipment in Experiment Example 1, except that the air duct, blower and air vent are removed (no secondary crushing function).

[0082] Experimental results: Processing efficiency 112 kg / h, finished product qualification rate 82.7%, number of blockages 2 times (blockage due to unqualified debris accumulation at the bottom of the crushing box), continuous working time 6.8h, compression ratio 10.2:1.

[0083] Comparative analysis: Compared with Experiment 1, the finished product qualification rate decreased by 14.1 percentage points, the number of material blockages increased by 2, and the continuous working time was shortened by 1.7 hours. This indicates that the secondary air blowing structure can effectively blow up the substandard debris at the bottom for secondary crushing, thereby improving the finished product qualification rate and reducing material blockage.

[0084] IV. Conclusion Based on the experimental data from the experimental examples and comparative examples, we can conclude that: 1. The integrated equipment of the present invention (Experimental Examples 1-3) has a processing efficiency, finished product qualification rate and continuous working time that are far superior to the existing single equipment step-by-step processing (Comparative Example 1) and the existing ordinary integrated equipment (Comparative Example 2). The number of material blockages is greatly reduced and the compression ratio is significantly improved. This fully demonstrates the superiority of the integrated design of extrusion, conveying and crushing of the present invention, and solves the core problems of low processing efficiency, easy material blockage and low finished product qualification rate in the prior art.

[0085] 2. Compared with Experiment 1, Experiment 2 shows that after optimizing the inverted U-shaped frame and anti-slip texture of the conveying mechanism, the processing efficiency and finished product qualification rate were slightly improved, and the continuous working time was extended, indicating that the structural design optimization of the conveying mechanism can further improve the performance of the equipment.

[0086] 3. Compared with Experiment 1, Experiment 3 showed that after increasing the extrusion pressure, suction fan power and blower operating frequency, the processing efficiency was greatly improved (from 120kg / h to 200kg / h), and the compression ratio was higher. Although a slight blockage occurred once, it was resolved automatically. This shows that the equipment of the present invention can adapt to the processing needs of high-volume, high-density waste foam and has strong flexibility.

[0087] 4. Comparing Comparative Examples 3 and 4 with Experimental Example 1, after removing the anti-static structure or the secondary blower structure, the number of times the equipment gets clogged increases, the finished product qualification rate decreases, and the continuous working time is shortened. This fully demonstrates the necessity of the anti-static structure and the secondary blower structure in this invention. The two work together to effectively prevent debris adhesion and accumulation, and improve the stability of the equipment and the quality of the finished product.

[0088] In summary, the integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment of this invention, through reasonable structural design, solves many defects of existing equipment and improves the efficiency and quality of waste foam recycling and processing.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment, experimental example, and comparative example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated equipment for extruding, conveying, and crushing waste foam, characterized in that, It includes an extrusion mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a crushing mechanism. The discharge port of the extrusion mechanism is connected to the feed end of the conveying mechanism, and the discharge end of the conveying mechanism is connected to the feed hopper (1) of the crushing mechanism. The extrusion mechanism is a cold compression structure, which is equipped with a vertical hydraulic cylinder group (2) and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder group (3) inside. A baffle (4) is movably connected at the outlet of the extrusion mechanism. At least two limiting blocks (5) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion mechanism. The limiting blocks (5) abut against the baffle (4). The conveying mechanism is an inclined belt conveyor (6), and several inverted U-shaped frames (7) are fixedly connected to the conveying mechanism. The surface of the conveyor belt of the conveying mechanism is provided with anti-slip texture (8). The bottom of the conveying mechanism is fixedly connected to a support frame (9). Several universal wheels and rolling wheels are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame (9). A counterweight block (10) is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame (9). Both the universal wheels and the rolling wheels are equipped with a powerful braking structure (11). The crushing mechanism includes a base (12), on which a crusher box (13) is fixedly connected. The feed hopper (1) is inclinedly connected to the top of the crusher box (13). Several rubber baffle curtains (14) are fixedly connected to the inlet of the feed hopper (1). A discharge port is opened on the side of the crusher box (13), and a metal screen (15) is fixedly connected to the discharge port. The side of the crusher box (13) is connected to a suction channel (16), and a suction fan (17) is fixedly connected inside the suction channel (16). The metal screen (15) is located between the suction fan (17) and the crusher box (13). Several air vents (18) are opened at the bottom of the crusher box (13), and the bottom of the crusher box (13) is fixedly connected to... The blower channel (19) is connected to the blower hole (18). The blower (20) is fixedly connected inside the blower channel (19). The bottom of the blower channel (19) is equipped with a first collection bucket (21). At least two sets of opposing rotating shafts (22) are rotatably connected inside the crusher box (13). Several crushing blades (23) are fixedly connected on the rotating shafts (22). The crushing blades (23) on adjacent rotating shafts (22) are staggered. The drive motor (24) is fixedly connected on the base (12). The drive motor (24) is connected to the rotating shaft (22) for transmission. The inner side wall of the crusher box (13), the crushing blades (23) and the metal screen (15) are all provided with antistatic structures.

2. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the limiting blocks (5) is four, and the four limiting blocks (5) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the discharge port of the extrusion mechanism. The limiting blocks (5) are metal block structures.

3. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the inverted U-shaped frames (7) is 20cm-40cm, the anti-slip texture (8) is a rhomboid structure, and the anti-slip texture (8) protrudes 2mm-3mm from the surface of the conveyor belt.

4. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of rubber barrier curtains (14) is 2 to 4. The lower end of the rubber barrier curtain (14) abuts against the inner wall of the feed hopper (1). The distance between adjacent rubber barrier curtains (14) is 5cm to 10cm.

5. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh size of the metal screen (15) is 5mm-10mm, and the mesh size of the blower hole (18) is 0.2mm-0.5mm. The mesh size of the metal screen (15) is 20-50 times that of the blower hole (18).

6. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The static elimination structure is an antistatic coating, which covers the inner wall of the crusher box (13), the surface of the crushing blade (23), and the surface of the metal screen (15).

7. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blower (20) is an intermittent working structure, and the suction fan (17) is an adjustable wind force structure. The wind force adjustment range of the suction fan (17) is level 1 to level 5.

8. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the lower end face of the crushing blade (23) and the bottom inner wall of the crusher box (13) is 3cm-8cm, and the air vents (18) are arranged in a matrix at the bottom of the crusher box (13).

9. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the suction channel (16) is equipped with a second collection hopper (25), the size of which is larger than that of the first collection hopper (21).

10. The integrated waste foam extrusion, conveying, and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output shaft of the drive motor (24) is fixedly connected to the main wheel groove (26), and the end of one set of rotating shafts (22) is fixedly connected to the secondary wheel groove (27). The main wheel groove (26) and the secondary wheel groove (27) are connected by a belt (28). The ends of adjacent rotating shafts (22) are fixedly connected to gears (29), and adjacent gears (29) mesh with each other.

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