Aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control

Abstract

The invention discloses an aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control, which comprises: a stand column vertically inserted in a river, the lower end of the stand column being provided with a concrete block in a pre-pouring manner; the movable sleeve is arranged on the stand column in a sliding and sleeving manner; the number of the planting units is three, and the planting units are installed outside the movable sleeve; the plurality of mounting plates are circumferentially arranged, the mounting plates are fixed on the circumferential side wall of the uppermost planting unit, and floating cylinders are mounted outside the mounting plates; the stand columns are inserted in the river channel, the movable sleeves are slidably arranged outside the stand columns in a sleeving mode, and the floating layer planting bed, the suspension planting bed and the lower layer planting bed are sequentially distributed on the movable sleeves from top to bottom, so that different aquatic plants are planted to achieve primary purification of surface water, degradation of organic matter and purification of deep water; compared with a traditional single-layer floating island structure, the pollutant removal efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water pollution control technology, specifically a device for planting aquatic plants for river water pollution control. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, river water pollution has become increasingly prominent, mainly manifested in eutrophication, decreased dissolved oxygen, and degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Traditional water pollution control technologies include physical methods, chemical methods (flocculation and oxidation), and biological-ecological methods. Among these, artificial floating island technology, with aquatic plants as its core, has been widely used in river ecological restoration due to its advantages such as environmental friendliness, landscape harmony, and low operating costs.

[0003] Traditional aquatic plant cultivation devices typically employ a single-layer floating structure, where emergent plants are grown on a foam or plastic frame, utilizing their roots to absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water. However, traditional artificial floating islands are fixed floating structures without vertical guidance devices, making them prone to stranding on shallows or slopes during dry seasons and being submerged during wet seasons or floods, leading to plant death due to oxygen deprivation. Furthermore, traditional floating islands only have a single-layer plant purification zone on the water surface, failing to effectively treat the middle and bottom layers of the water, and the purification pathway relies solely on plant absorption, with limited microbial degradation, resulting in low pollutant removal efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an aquatic plant cultivation device for river water pollution control to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control, comprising:

[0006] The column is vertically inserted into the river channel, and the lower end of the column is precast with a concrete block.

[0007] The movable sleeve is slidably fitted onto the column;

[0008] Three planting units are configured and installed outside the movable sleeve;

[0009] Multiple mounting plates are arranged in a circle. The mounting plates are fixed to the circumferential side wall of the uppermost planting unit, and each mounting plate is equipped with a floating cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the three planting units are, from top to bottom, a floating planting bed, a suspended planting bed, and a lower planting bed.

[0011] Furthermore, preferably, the planting unit includes:

[0012] The planting trays are multiple trays distributed circumferentially, and each planting tray has a fan-shaped structure;

[0013] The dividing grooves are configured to be multiple and evenly distributed within the planting tray;

[0014] Planting pots are set one-to-one with each of the aforementioned dividing slots and are fixed inside the planting tray through the dividing slots;

[0015] The fixing hook is fixed to the arc-shaped side wall of each of the planting trays. The movable sleeve has multiple installation ports on its tube wall. A claw plate is fixed in the installation port. The fixing hook is detachably installed on the claw plate.

[0016] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the column has a vertically formed inner channel, an air guide pipe is provided in the inner channel, an air guide seat is provided at the upper end of the column, and one end of the air guide pipe is connected to the air guide seat.

[0017] An air supply chamber is provided at the bottom of the interior of the column. A piston is slidably connected to the air supply chamber in a sealed manner. An air passage is vertically provided on one side of the column, which is connected to the air supply chamber. The other end of the air guide pipe is connected to the air passage.

[0018] An aeration disc is coaxially fixed to the lower end of the column, and a one-way straight through hole is opened below the air supply chamber on the column, which is connected to the aeration disc.

[0019] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a slide block is slidably installed inside the column, and the upper end of the piston is fixed to the slide block;

[0020] The lower end face of the movable sleeve is connected to a plurality of vertically arranged connecting rods, one end of which is connected to the slide block;

[0021] The aeration disc has multiple aeration holes spirally distributed on it.

[0022] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a water collection cylinder is installed inside the column below the floating planting bed, and multiple water inlet holes are distributed on the outer circumferential wall of the water collection cylinder, and multiple guide holes are provided on the upper circumferential outer wall of the movable sleeve.

[0023] An expansion bladder is installed inside the column, and a water inlet channel is vertically opened inside the column. The water inlet channel is sealed and connected to the expansion bladder, and the upper end of the water inlet channel is connected to the water collection cylinder.

[0024] The column is provided with a drainage channel. One end of the drainage channel is sealed and connected to the expansion bladder, and the other end is connected to the suspended planting bed and the lower planting bed through a branch pipe.

[0025] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the movable sleeve is circumferentially distributed with multiple trapezoidal axial pressure blocks, and the expansion bladder is provided with a pressure plate corresponding to the trapezoidal axial pressure blocks. The trapezoidal axial pressure blocks are in close contact with the pressure plate, and their contact surfaces are configured as inclined surfaces.

[0026] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the various planting pots in the suspended planting bed and the lower planting bed are provided with a drainage cavity at the bottom. A support plate is fixed in the drainage cavity, and a biological filter membrane is provided on the lower end face of the support plate. The surface of the biological filter membrane is distributed with multiple filter holes, and a flow tube is fixed in the planting pot. One end of each flow tube is connected to the branch pipe.

[0027] The other end of the flow tube extends into and connects to the biofiltration membrane.

[0028] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a floating plate is fixed below the bio-filter membrane, the floating plate is slidably disposed in the hydrophobic cavity, and two support rods are symmetrically fixed on the floating plate, the upper ends of the support rods being slidably connected to the planting pot;

[0029] A water baffle is fixed to the lower end of the support rod.

[0030] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a support spring is sleeved on the lower end face of the support rod located on the floating plate; and a guide vane is rotatably provided on the lower end face of the baffle plate.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] In this invention, pillars are installed in the river channel, and movable sleeves are slidably fitted around the pillars. Floating planting beds, suspended planting beds, and lower planting beds are sequentially distributed on the movable sleeves from top to bottom, thereby planting different aquatic plants to achieve primary purification of surface water, degradation of organic matter, and purification of deep water. Compared with the traditional single-level floating island structure, the pollutant removal efficiency is significantly improved. An aeration disc is installed at the lower end of the pillar. When the movable sleeve floats up and down with the waves, the piston in the air supply chamber can squeeze and deliver external air to the aeration disc. The microbubbles released by the aeration disc rise in the water, replenishing dissolved oxygen and providing an ideal metabolic environment for aerobic microorganisms.

[0033] In addition, a water collection cylinder is installed inside the column. When floating under the movable sleeve, it can use the expansion bladder to transport the surface water through the branch pipes to the planting pots in the suspended planting bed and the lower planting bed. The planting pot is equipped with a biological filter membrane at the root of the aquatic plants. The biological filter membrane fully filters the transported surface water. On the one hand, the pollutants intercepted can be gradually degraded or enriched in the root zone and on the surface of the filter membrane, while the microbial metabolites provide nutrients for the plant roots. On the other hand, it can further solve the problems of hypoxia in the lower water and inhibition of microbial activity in traditional structures, and the pollutant removal efficiency in the river is significantly improved accordingly. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air delivery chamber in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water collection cylinder in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Column; 11. Concrete block; 12. Mounting plate; 13. Floating cylinder; 14. Sliding seat; 15. Connecting rod; 2. Movable sleeve; 21. Suspended planting bed; 22. Lower planting bed; 23. Inner channel; 24. Air guide seat; 25. Air delivery chamber; 26. Piston; 27. Air channel; 28. Aeration disc; 29. ​​One-way straight through hole; 3. Floating planting bed; 31. Planting tray; 32. Planting pot; 33. Fixing hook; 4. Water collection cylinder; 41. Water inlet hole; 42. Guide hole; 43. Expansion bladder; 44. Water inlet channel; 45. Drainage channel; 46. Branch pipe; 47. Trapezoidal axial pressure block; 5. Drainage chamber; 51. Support plate; 52. Biofiltration membrane; 53. Flow pipe; 54. Floating plate; 55. Support rod; 56. Water baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Please see Figures 1-5 In this embodiment of the invention, an aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control includes:

[0041] The column 1 is vertically inserted into the river channel. The lower end of the column 1 is pre-cast with a concrete block 11, which serves as a counterweight base to anchor the column 1 to the riverbed.

[0042] The movable sleeve 2 is slidably fitted onto the column 1;

[0043] Three planting units are configured and installed outside the movable sleeve 2;

[0044] Multiple mounting plates 12 are arranged in a circle. The mounting plates 12 are fixed to the circumferential side wall of the uppermost planting unit. Each mounting plate 12 is equipped with a floating tube 13, so that the floating tube 13 always floats in the river channel, allowing the planting unit on the movable sleeve 2 to float up and down along the column 1 with the water level. This arrangement ensures that each planting unit is always at a suitable water depth, avoiding the risk of grounding and submersion, and maintaining the spatial stability of the planting unit, significantly improving the applicability of the device in rivers with large water level fluctuations.

[0045] In this embodiment, the three planting units are, from top to bottom, a floating planting bed 3, a suspended planting bed 21, and a lower planting bed 22. The floating planting bed 3 plants emergent plants to achieve primary purification of surface water; the suspended planting bed 21 plants submerged plants to enhance the degradation of organic matter and the attachment of microorganisms; and the lower planting bed 22 can be filled with porous reactive filler and equipped with a sludge collection chamber to achieve the sedimentation of suspended solids and the enrichment of pollutants in deep water.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the planting unit includes:

[0047] The planting trays 31 are multiple and distributed in a circle, and each planting tray 31 has a fan-shaped structure;

[0048] The dividing grooves are configured to be multiple and evenly distributed within the planting tray 31;

[0049] Planting pots 32 are provided one-to-one with the partition grooves and are fixed in the planting tray 31 by the partition grooves;

[0050] The fixing hook 33 is fixed on the arc-shaped side wall of each planting tray 31. The tube wall of the movable sleeve 2 is provided with multiple installation ports. A claw plate is fixed in the installation port. The fixing hook 33 is detachably installed on the claw plate, which facilitates the disassembly and installation of each planting tray 31 and the movable sleeve 2, and facilitates later maintenance.

[0051] In this embodiment, an inner channel 23 is vertically opened inside the column 1, and an air guide pipe (not shown in the figure) is provided in the inner channel 23. An air guide seat 24 is provided at the upper end of the column 1, and one end of the air guide pipe is connected to the air guide seat 24 so that external air can be delivered to the air guide pipe through the air guide seat 24.

[0052] An air supply chamber 25 is provided at the bottom of the interior of the column 1. A piston 26 is slidably connected inside the air supply chamber 25. An air passage 27 is vertically provided on one side of the air supply chamber 25 and communicates with it. The other end of the air passage is connected to the air passage 27.

[0053] An aeration disc 28 is coaxially fixed to the lower end of the column 1. A one-way through hole 29 is provided below the air delivery chamber 25 on the column 1. The one-way through hole 29 is connected to the aeration disc 28. Specifically, when the piston 26 slides upward axially, it can draw external air from the air guide pipe into the air delivery chamber 25 through the air passage 27. When the piston 26 slides downward axially, it delivers air from the air delivery chamber 25 to the aeration disc 28 through the one-way through hole 29.

[0054] In this embodiment, a slide block 14 is slidably installed inside the column 1, and the upper end of the piston 26 is fixed to the slide block 14;

[0055] The lower end face of the movable sleeve 2 is connected to a plurality of vertically arranged connecting rods 15, one end of which is connected to the slide block 14;

[0056] The aeration disc 28 has multiple aeration holes spirally distributed on it. This means that the kinetic energy of the movable sleeve 2 floating up and down with the waves drives the piston 26 in the air delivery chamber 25 to compress and deliver external air to the aeration disc 28. The tiny bubbles released by the aeration disc 28 rise from bottom to top, providing an ideal metabolic environment for aerobic microorganisms and creating a dissolved oxygen gradient that matches the three-layer planting bed. This design achieves zero-energy aeration, and the aeration intensity adaptively adjusts with the wave size, converting wave energy into oxygen-generating power. This deep integration with the plant purification function significantly enhances the device's synergistic purification capability.

[0057] In this embodiment, a water collection cylinder 4 is installed inside the column 1 below the floating planting bed 3. Multiple water inlet holes 41 are distributed on the outer circumference of the water collection cylinder 4, and multiple guide holes 42 are provided on the upper circumference of the movable sleeve 2. The water collection cylinder 4 is located below the lowest water level of the river, ensuring that the water collection cylinder is always submerged when the river water level changes periodically (dry season, wet season, daily tidal fluctuations), and can continuously and stably collect surface water.

[0058] An expansion bladder 43 is installed inside the column 1, and a water inlet channel 44 is vertically opened inside the column 1. The water inlet channel 44 is sealed and connected to the expansion bladder 43, and the upper end of the water inlet channel 44 is connected to the water collection cylinder 4.

[0059] The column 1 is provided with a drainage channel 45. One end of the drainage channel 45 is sealed and connected to the expansion bladder 43, and the other end is connected to the suspended planting bed 21 and the lower planting bed 22 through the branch pipe 46. Specifically, when the expansion bladder 43 expands and recovers, it can collect the surface water in the river by using the water inlet channel 44. When it is squeezed, the expansion bladder 43 can transport the water inside through the drainage channel 45 to each branch pipe 46, thereby entering the planting pots 32 of the suspended planting bed 21 and the lower planting bed 22.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks 47 are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 2, and a pressure plate corresponding to the trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks 47 is provided on the outside of the expansion bladder 43. The trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks 47 are in close contact with the pressure plate, and their contact surfaces are set as inclined structures. Thus, when the movable sleeve 2 slides upward, the trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks 47 initially slide away from the pressure plate, and the expansion bladder 43 expands and recovers. When the movable sleeve 2 slides downward, the trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks 47 gradually press and contact the pressure plate, thereby forming a squeezing effect on the expansion bladder 43.

[0061] In this embodiment, each of the various planting pots 32 in the suspended planting bed 21 and the lower planting bed 22 is provided with a hydrophobic cavity 5. A support plate 51 is fixed in the hydrophobic cavity 5. A biological filter membrane 52 is provided on the lower end face of the support plate 51. The surface of the biological filter membrane 52 is distributed with multiple filter holes. A flow tube 53 is fixed in the planting pot 32. One end of each flow tube 53 is connected to the branch pipe 46.

[0062] The other end of the flow pipe 53 extends into the biofilter membrane 52. That is, the branch pipe 46 transports surface water to each flow pipe 53. The surface water enters the biofilter membrane 52, which traps suspended particulate matter, algae, and colloidal substances in the water to prevent them from directly entering the water and causing secondary pollution. The filtered water is then discharged from the planting pot 32. A large number of microorganisms (bacteria, protozoa, fungi, etc.) that can adhere to the surface of the biofilter membrane 52 efficiently degrade dissolved organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, forming a stable biofilm reaction zone. The metabolic products of the microorganisms provide nutrients for the plant roots.

[0063] In this embodiment, a floating plate 54 is fixed below the bio-filter membrane 52. The floating plate 54 is slidably disposed in the hydrophobic cavity 5, and two support rods 55 are symmetrically fixed on the floating plate 54. The upper end of the support rods 55 is slidably connected in the planting pot 32.

[0064] The lower end of the support rod 55 is fixed with a baffle plate 56. The baffle plate 56 can use resistance to make the floating plate 54 on the support rod 55 slide and move as the suspended planting bed 21 and the lower planting bed 22 slide with the movable sleeve 2. Specifically, when the movable sleeve 2 slides down, the baffle plate 56 is resisted, which causes the floating plate 54 to squeeze the biological filter membrane 52 during sliding. At this time, the pore size of the biological filter membrane 52 becomes smaller, and the pollutants in the water sent into the biological filter membrane 52 by the flow pipe 53 can be fully trapped in the biological filter membrane 52.

[0065] A support spring is fitted on the lower end face of the floating plate 54 on the support rod 55; a guide vane is rotatably provided on the lower end face of the baffle plate 56.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aquatic plant cultivation device for river water pollution control, characterized in that, It includes: A column (1) is vertically inserted into the river channel, and a concrete block (11) is pre-cast at the lower end of the column (1). The movable sleeve (2) is slidably fitted onto the column (1); Planting units, configured in three parts and installed outside the movable sleeve (2); The mounting plates (12) are arranged in a circle. The mounting plates (12) are fixed on the circumferential side wall of the uppermost planting unit. Each mounting plate (12) is equipped with a floating tube (13).

2. The aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three planting units, from top to bottom, are a floating planting bed (3), a suspended planting bed (21), and a lower planting bed (22).

3. The aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The planting unit includes: The planting trays (31) are multiple and distributed in a circle, and each planting tray (31) has a fan-shaped structure; The dividing grooves are configured to be multiple and evenly distributed within the planting tray (31); Planting pots (32) are set one-to-one with each of the aforementioned partition grooves and are fixed in the planting tray (31) through the partition grooves; The fixing hook (33) is fixed on the arc-shaped side wall of each of the planting trays (31). The movable sleeve (2) has multiple installation ports on its tube wall. A claw plate is fixed in the installation port. The fixing hook (33) is detachably installed on the claw plate.

4. The aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (1) has a vertically opened inner channel (23), and an air guide pipe is provided in the inner channel (23). An air guide seat (24) is provided at the upper end of the column (1), and one end of the air guide pipe is connected to the air guide seat (24). An air delivery chamber (25) is provided at the bottom of the interior of the column (1). A piston (26) is slidably connected inside the air delivery chamber (25). An air passage (27) is vertically provided on one side of the air delivery chamber (25) and communicates with it. The other end of the air passage is connected to the air passage (27). An aeration disc (28) is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the column (1). A one-way through hole (29) is provided below the air delivery chamber (25) of the column (1), and the one-way through hole (29) is connected to the aeration disc (28).

5. The aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 4, characterized in that: A slide block (14) is slidably installed inside the column (1), and the upper end of the piston (26) is fixed to the slide block (14); The lower end face of the movable sleeve (2) is connected to a plurality of vertically arranged connecting rods (15), one end of the connecting rods (15) being connected to the slide block (14); The aeration disc (28) has multiple aeration holes spirally distributed on it.

6. The aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water collection cylinder (4) is installed inside the column (1) below the floating layer planting bed (3). Multiple water inlet holes (41) are distributed on the outer circumference of the water collection cylinder (4). Multiple guide holes (42) are provided on the outer circumference of the upper end of the movable sleeve (2). An expansion bladder (43) is installed inside the column (1), and a water inlet channel (44) is vertically opened inside the column (1). The water inlet channel (44) is sealed and connected to the expansion bladder (43), and the upper end of the water inlet channel (44) is connected to the water collection cylinder (4). The column (1) has a drainage channel (45) inside. One end of the drainage channel (45) is sealed and connected to the expansion bladder (43), and the other end is connected to the suspended planting bed (21) and the lower planting bed (22) through the branch pipe (46).

7. An aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the movable sleeve (2) is circumferentially distributed with multiple trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks (47), and the expansion bladder (43) is provided with a pressure plate corresponding to the trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks (47). The trapezoidal shaft pressure blocks (47) are in close contact with the pressure plate, and their contact surface is set as an inclined structure.

8. The aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 6, characterized in that: The various planting pots (32) of the suspended planting bed (21) and the lower planting bed (22) are provided with a hydrophobic cavity (5) at the bottom. A support plate (51) is fixed in the hydrophobic cavity (5). A biological filter membrane (52) is provided on the lower end face of the support plate (51). Multiple filter holes are distributed on the surface of the biological filter membrane (52). A flow tube (53) is fixed in the planting pot (32). One end of each flow tube (53) is connected to the branch pipe (46). The other end of the flow tube (53) extends into the biofilter membrane (52).

9. An aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 8, characterized in that: A floating plate (54) is fixed below the bio-filter membrane (52). The floating plate (54) is slidably disposed in the hydrophobic cavity (5), and two support rods (55) are symmetrically fixed on the floating plate (54). The upper end of the support rods (55) is slidably connected in the planting pot (32). A water baffle (56) is fixed to the lower end of the support rod (55).

10. An aquatic plant planting device for river water pollution control according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support spring is fitted on the lower end face of the support rod (55) located on the floating plate (54); a guide vane is rotatably provided on the lower end face of the baffle plate (56).

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