Transformer and switching power supply
By setting a vertically stacked magnetic core and insulation layer structure in the transformer, the insulation withstand voltage level is improved, the problem of poor transformer safety is solved, higher insulation capacity and reliability are achieved, and local temperature rise and failure are avoided.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
The insulation withstand voltage level of existing transformers is insufficient, which leads to partial discharge causing temperature rise, poor safety, and easy failure of switching power supply and converter module.
The first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are stacked and mounted on the frame along the first direction. The first insulation layer, the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged on the frame along the second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The insulation withstand voltage level is improved by setting multiple insulation layers.
It improved the transformer's insulation withstand voltage level by about 70%, avoided local temperature rise, enhanced safety, reduced the risk of failure, and ensured the reliability of the switching power supply and voltage source converter.
Smart Images
Figure CN122067902A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronics technology, specifically to a transformer and a switching power supply. Background Technology
[0002] Flexible DC transmission technology, with voltage source converters at its core, is a powerful means to solve the grid connection problem of new energy sources. With the construction of new power systems, large-scale wind power in the west needs to be transmitted to economically developed areas in the east, leading to more rapid development of flexible DC transmission technology. At the same time, the power system is placing higher demands on the operational reliability of flexible DC transmission.
[0003] As the voltage levels of flexible DC transmission continue to increase, the average and peak voltages of the submodule capacitors also rise, placing higher demands on the insulation withstand voltage of the switching power supply. If the insulation withstand voltage of the transformer in the switching power supply does not meet the requirements, partial discharge can easily cause local temperature increases in the transformer, resulting in poor safety. Transformer damage can lead to switching power supply failure, which in turn can cause converter module failure, and even cause the voltage source converter to shut down. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problem of poor safety in existing transformers, this application provides a transformer that may include: a first magnetic core, a second magnetic core, a frame, a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer, a primary winding, and a secondary winding.
[0005] The first and second magnetic cores are stacked and mounted on the frame along a first direction, and the first insulating layer, primary winding, second insulating layer, and secondary winding are disposed on the frame along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
[0006] In some possible implementations, the skeleton includes a skeleton body, a first baffle, and a second baffle.
[0007] The first baffle and the second baffle are arranged parallel to each other along the second direction, and the frame body is arranged between the first baffle and the second baffle along the first direction.
[0008] In some other possible implementations, the transformer also includes a third insulation layer and / or a fourth insulation layer.
[0009] The third insulating layer is stacked along the first direction between the first baffle and the second insulating layer.
[0010] The fourth insulating layer is stacked along the first direction between the second baffle and the second insulating layer.
[0011] Furthermore, the transformer also includes a fifth insulation layer, which is stacked along the second direction on the outside of the secondary winding.
[0012] Optionally, both the first and second magnetic cores are E-type magnetic cores, and an air gap is provided between the first and second magnetic cores.
[0013] For example, the first insulating layer has three or more layers, the second insulating layer has ten or more layers, and both the third and fourth insulating layers have three or more layers.
[0014] In another aspect, this application also provides a switching power supply, including a power transistor, a diode, a filter unit, a voltage divider unit, a drive unit, and the aforementioned transformer.
[0015] The first end of the primary winding of the transformer serves as the first input terminal of the switching power supply. The second end of the primary winding is connected to the first terminal of the power transistor, which serves as the second input terminal of the switching power supply. The first end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the anode of a diode, with the cathode of the diode serving as the first output terminal of the switching power supply. The second end of the secondary winding serves as the second output terminal of the switching power supply. The first terminals of both the filter unit and the voltage divider unit are connected to the cathodes of the diodes, and the second terminals of both units are connected to the second terminals of the secondary windings. The third terminal of the voltage divider unit is connected to the input terminal of the drive unit, and the output terminal of the drive unit is connected to the control terminal of the power transistor.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the switching power supply also includes a rectifier unit.
[0017] The input terminal of the rectifier unit serves as the first input terminal of the switching power supply, and the output terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the first terminal of the primary winding in the transformer.
[0018] In another possible implementation, the filtering unit includes a filter capacitor and a filter resistor connected in parallel.
[0019] The voltage divider unit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor. The first end of the first voltage divider resistor serves as the first end of the voltage divider unit, and the second end of the second voltage divider resistor serves as the second end of the voltage divider unit. The second end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor, which serves as the third end of the voltage divider unit.
[0020] Optionally, the driving unit can be an optocoupler or a pulse transformer.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:
[0022] The transformer provided in this application may include a first magnetic core, a second magnetic core, a frame, a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer, a primary winding, and a secondary winding. The first and second magnetic cores are stacked and mounted on the frame along a first direction, while the first insulating layer, primary winding, second insulating layer, and secondary winding are disposed on the frame along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. This application improves the insulation withstand voltage level of the transformer by providing a first insulating layer, and partial capacitance discharge does not cause a significant increase in the local temperature of the transformer, thus providing strong safety.
[0023] The second insulation layer provided in this application can improve the insulation capability of the primary and secondary windings, and the third and fourth insulation layers can improve the insulation capability of the frame, further improving the insulation withstand voltage level of the transformer by about 70%, thus preventing the transformer from being damaged by a significant increase in local temperature.
[0024] The transformer provided in this application is small in size, low in cost, and suitable for wide application.
[0025] The transformer provided in this application has a high insulation withstand voltage level, which can improve the reliability of the switching power supply, prevent the converter module from easily failing, and ensure the reliable operation of the voltage source converter. Attached Figure Description
[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer in one embodiment of this application;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the skeleton of an embodiment of this application;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0031] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, embodiments, claims, and drawings of this application are for distinguishing purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as including a series of steps or units. A method, system, product, or apparatus is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.
[0032] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
[0033] This application provides a transformer, such as Figure 1 As shown. The transformer 10 may include a first magnetic core 1, a second magnetic core 2, a frame (composed of a frame body 31, a first baffle 32 and a second baffle 33), a first insulating layer 4, a second insulating layer 6, a primary winding 5 and a secondary winding 7.
[0034] The first magnetic core 1 and the second magnetic core 2 are along the first direction (which can be...). Figure 1 The first insulating layer 4, the primary winding 5, the second insulating layer 6, and the secondary winding 7 are stacked on the frame 3 along the second direction (which can be Y-direction). Figure 1 The X direction (in the model) is set on the skeleton 3. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
[0035] The embodiments of this application improve the insulation withstand voltage level of the transformer by setting a first insulating layer, and the local discharge capacitance will not cause a significant increase in the local temperature of the transformer, thus having strong safety.
[0036] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, the skeleton includes a skeleton body 31, a first baffle 32, and a second baffle 33.
[0037] The first baffle 32 and the second baffle 33 are along the second direction (which can be...) Figure 2 The skeleton body 31 is set parallel to the X direction in the first direction (which can be the X direction in the first direction). Figure 2 The Y-direction of the baffle is positioned between the first baffle 32 and the second baffle 33.
[0038] In some other possible implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the transformer 10 also includes a third insulating layer 8 and / or a fourth insulating layer 9.
[0039] The third insulating layer 8 is stacked along the first direction between the first baffle and the second insulating layer 6.
[0040] The fourth insulating layer 9 is stacked along the first direction between the second baffle and the second insulating layer 6.
[0041] Further reference Figure 1 The transformer 10 also includes a fifth insulation layer 10, which is stacked along the second direction on the outside of the secondary winding 7.
[0042] Optional, see reference Figure 1 Both the first magnetic core 1 and the second magnetic core 2 are E-type magnetic cores, and an air gap G is provided between the first magnetic core 1 and the second magnetic core 2.
[0043] For example, the first insulating layer 4 has three or more layers, and the second insulating layer 6 has ten or more layers. The third insulating layer 8 and the fourth insulating layer 9 both have three or more layers. In the embodiments of this application, the first insulating layer 4, the third insulating layer 8, and the fourth insulating layer 9 all have three layers, and the second insulating layer 6 has ten layers.
[0044] In this embodiment, the skeleton can be made of plastic. The first insulating layer 4, the second insulating layer 6, the third insulating layer 8, the fourth insulating layer 9, and the fifth insulating layer 10 are all made of polyimide. Of course, the first insulating layer 4, the second insulating layer 6, the third insulating layer 8, the fourth insulating layer 9, and the fifth insulating layer 10 can also be made of other insulating materials, which is not limited in this application.
[0045] The inclusion of a third and fourth insulation layer in this application further improves the transformer's insulation withstand voltage level, preventing significant local temperature increases that could damage the transformer. The transformer provided by this application is small in size, low in cost, and suitable for widespread application. Furthermore, the transformer provided by this application is less likely to cause switching power supply failures, thus reducing the likelihood of converter module failures and ensuring reliable operation of the voltage source converter.
[0046] Furthermore, this application also provides a switching power supply, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the switching power supply 100 includes a power transistor Q, a diode D, a filter unit 13, a voltage divider unit 14, a drive unit 12, and the aforementioned transformer 10.
[0047] The first end of the primary winding T11 in transformer 10 serves as the first input terminal U of the switching power supply 100. in1 The second end of the primary winding T11 is connected to the first terminal of the power transistor Q, and the second terminal of the power transistor Q serves as the second input terminal U of the switching power supply 100. in2 In transformer 10, the first terminal of the secondary winding T12 is connected to the anode of diode D, and the cathode of diode D serves as the first output terminal U of the switching power supply 100. out1 The second end of the secondary winding T12 serves as the second output terminal U of the switching power supply 100. out2 The first terminals of both the filter unit 13 and the voltage divider unit 14 are connected to the cathode of the diode D, and the second terminals of both the filter unit 13 and the voltage divider unit 14 are connected to the second terminal of the secondary winding T12. The third terminal of the voltage divider unit 14 is connected to the input terminal of the drive unit 12, and the output terminal of the drive unit 12 is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor Q.
[0048] In one possible implementation, the switching power supply 100 also includes a rectifier unit 11.
[0049] The input terminal of the rectifier unit 11 serves as the first input terminal U of the switching power supply 100. in1 The output terminal of rectifier unit 11 is connected to the first end of primary winding T11 in transformer 10.
[0050] In another possible implementation, refer to Figure 3 The filter unit, 13, includes a filter capacitor C and a filter resistor R connected in parallel.
[0051] The voltage divider unit 14 includes a first voltage divider resistor R1 and a second voltage divider resistor R2. The first end of the first voltage divider resistor R1 serves as the first end of the voltage divider unit 14, and the second end of the second voltage divider resistor R2 serves as the second end of the voltage divider unit 14. The second end of the first voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor R2, serving as the third end of the voltage divider unit 14.
[0052] Optionally, the drive unit 12 can be an optocoupler or a pulse transformer, etc.
[0053] The switching power supply provided in this application embodiment has high reliability and will not easily lead to converter module failure, thus ensuring the reliable operation of the voltage source converter.
[0054] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of the claims of the present invention pending approval.
Claims
1. A transformer, characterized in that, It includes a first magnetic core, a second magnetic core, a frame, a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer, a primary winding, and a secondary winding; The first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are stacked and mounted on the frame along a first direction, and the first insulating layer, the primary winding, the second insulating layer and the secondary winding are disposed on the frame along a second direction; wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
2. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skeleton includes a skeleton body, a first baffle, and a second baffle; The first baffle and the second baffle are arranged parallel to each other along the second direction, and the frame body is arranged between the first baffle and the second baffle along the first direction.
3. The transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transformer also includes a third insulating layer and / or a fourth insulating layer; The third insulating layer is stacked and disposed between the first baffle and the second insulating layer along the first direction; The fourth insulating layer is stacked between the second baffle and the second insulating layer along the first direction.
4. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer also includes a fifth insulating layer, which is stacked along the second direction on the outside of the secondary winding.
5. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are E-type magnetic cores, and an air gap is provided between the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core.
6. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first insulating layer has three or more layers, and the second insulating layer has ten or more layers.
7. The transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the third and fourth insulating layers have three or more layers.
8. A switching power supply, characterized in that, It includes power transistors, diodes, filter units, voltage divider units, drive units, and transformers as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The first end of the primary winding of the transformer serves as the first input terminal of the switching power supply, and the second end of the primary winding is connected to the first electrode of the power transistor, with the second electrode of the power transistor serving as the second input terminal of the switching power supply. The first end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the anode of the diode, with the cathode of the diode serving as the first output terminal of the switching power supply, and the second end of the secondary winding serving as the second output terminal of the switching power supply. The first ends of both the filter unit and the voltage divider unit are connected to the cathode of the diode, and the second ends of both the filter unit and the voltage divider unit are connected to the second end of the secondary winding. The third end of the voltage divider unit is connected to the input terminal of the drive unit, and the output terminal of the drive unit is connected to the control electrode of the power transistor.
9. The switching power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, The switching power supply also includes a rectifier unit; The input terminal of the rectifier unit serves as the first input terminal of the switching power supply, and the output terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the first end of the primary winding of the transformer.
10. The switching power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filtering unit includes a filter capacitor and a filter resistor connected in parallel; The voltage divider unit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor; the first end of the first voltage divider resistor serves as the first end of the voltage divider unit, the second end of the second voltage divider resistor serves as the second end of the voltage divider unit, and the second end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor to serve as the third end of the voltage divider unit.
11. The switching power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, The driving unit is an optocoupler or a pulse transformer.