Adsorption tower and gas nanometer purifier

Abstract

The application relates to an adsorption tower and a gas nanometer purifier, the adsorption tower comprising an outer pipe body and an inner pipe body coaxially arranged in the outer pipe body; a first gas outlet is arranged on the pipe wall of the outer pipe body; the inner pipe body comprises a gas inlet section, an adsorption section and a dust removal section which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top; a gas inlet is arranged on the pipe wall of the gas inlet section; the adsorption section is filled with an adsorbent, and the connection positions of the adsorption section with the gas inlet section and the dust removal section are respectively provided with a first filter screen and a second filter screen; at least part of the side wall of the dust removal section is arranged as a filter layer; under a purification working condition, high-pressure gas to be treated enters the inner pipe body from the gas inlet, sequentially passes through the adsorption section and the dust removal section upwards, enters the annular gap between the inner pipe body and the outer pipe body through the filter layer, and is discharged from the first gas outlet. Through the above arrangement, the pipe-in-pipe structure of the coaxial arrangement of the outer pipe body and the inner pipe body is adopted, the integration degree of the equipment is improved, the volume is reduced, and multi-stage purification of gas flow diffusion, deep adsorption and precise dust removal in a single component is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas purification technology, and in particular to an adsorption tower and a gas nano-purifier. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air systems are widely used in industrial manufacturing, pneumatic control, and precision instruments. Because the atmosphere contains a certain amount of moisture, oil mist, and solid particles, directly compressed gas, if not purified, can lead to erosion, corrosion, and even failure of end-equipment. Therefore, in compressed air after-treatment systems, the adsorption tower, as the core drying and purification equipment, directly affects the quality of the output gas from the entire system.

[0003] Traditional adsorption towers typically employ a single-layer cylindrical structure filled with adsorption particles. The gas flow path inside these towers is mostly axial, meaning gas enters from the bottom, passes through the adsorption particles, and exits from the top. However, with the increasing demands for gas cleanliness in industrial applications, the adsorption efficiency of existing adsorption towers is no longer sufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention proposes an adsorption tower and a gas nano-purifier. The adsorption tower provided by this invention employs a tube-in-tube structure with an outer and inner tube arranged coaxially, significantly improving the integration of the equipment and reducing its size. The inner tube is configured from bottom to top with an inlet section, an adsorption section, and a dust removal section, achieving multi-stage purification of the gas within a single component, including dispersion, deep adsorption, and precise dust removal. The design of the gas entering and exiting through the annular gap from the filter layer on the side wall of the dust removal section not only increases the filtration area and reduces flow resistance but also utilizes the annular space to achieve a uniform flow field distribution, effectively avoiding localized flow deviation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is an adsorption tower, comprising an outer tube and an inner tube coaxially disposed within the outer tube; the outer tube has a first air outlet on its wall; the inner tube comprises an air inlet section, an adsorption section, and a dust removal section connected sequentially from bottom to top; the air inlet section has an air inlet on its wall; the adsorption section is filled with an adsorbent, and a first filter and a second filter are respectively provided at the connection between the adsorption section and the air inlet section and the dust removal section; at least a portion of the sidewall of the dust removal section is configured as a filter layer; under purification conditions, the high-pressure gas to be treated enters the inner tube from the air inlet, passes sequentially upward through the adsorption section and the dust removal section, enters the annular gap between the inner tube and the outer tube through the filter layer, and is discharged from the first air outlet.

[0006] Preferably, it further includes an elastic compensation mechanism, which includes a clamping member and an elastic pre-tightening member. The clamping member is disposed within the dust removal section; the second filter screen is slidably disposed at the upper end of the adsorption section along the axial direction of the inner tube; the elastic pre-tightening member abuts against the clamping member and the second filter screen at both ends of its elastic force.

[0007] Preferably, the outer periphery of the clamping member is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the dust removal section is provided with an internal thread that mates with the external thread. The clamping member changes its axial position in the dust removal section by rotating the thread.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping member is a hollow annular member, and the inner ring edge of the annular member protrudes radially inward to form a stop block, and multiple stop blocks are arranged at intervals along the inner ring circumference of the annular member.

[0009] Preferably, the air intake section includes a conical portion, the inner diameter of which gradually increases from bottom to top, and the high-pressure gas to be processed enters the conical portion from the lower end of the conical portion; the inner wall of the conical portion is provided with multiple columns facing upward, and the first filter screen is supported on the top of the multiple columns.

[0010] Preferably, the air intake section further includes a cylindrical section communicating with the conical section, the cylindrical section being located below the conical section, and the air intake port being opened on the pipe wall of the cylindrical section.

[0011] Preferably, the outer tube wall is provided with a vent hole, through which the outer tube is connected to clean gas, and the lower end of the cylindrical part is provided with a second air outlet; in the regeneration condition, the clean gas enters the outer tube through the vent hole, and passes through the filter layer, the second filter screen, the adsorbent and the first filter screen in sequence, and is discharged from the second air outlet.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a regenerated gas chamber, which is connected to the outer pipe body through the vent hole; under purification conditions, after the gas in the dust removal section passes through the filter layer, part of it is discharged from the first air outlet, and part of it enters the regenerated gas chamber through the vent hole; under regeneration conditions, the clean gas in the regenerated gas chamber enters the outer pipe body through the vent hole.

[0013] Preferably, the first air outlet is located above the air inlet, and the second air outlet is located below the air inlet, and the diameter of the vent hole is smaller than the diameter of the first air outlet.

[0014] The present invention also provides a gas nano-purifier, including the adsorption tower described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Regarding mechanical stability and compensation, the elastic pre-tightening element and the sliding second filter design ensure that the adsorbent is always under pressure. Even if the adsorbent pulverizes, wears, or shrinks in volume under long-term high-pressure airflow impact or vibration, the elastic compensation mechanism can automatically eliminate the filling gaps in real time, thus greatly solving the tunneling effect caused by adsorbent shrinkage and the resulting airflow short-circuiting phenomenon. This structure allows the gas to be treated to pass through the adsorbent layer uniformly for full adsorption, significantly improving adsorption efficiency, ensuring the long-term stability of the output gas dew point, and effectively extending the service life of the adsorbent.

[0017] By utilizing the threaded engagement between the clamping component and the inner wall of the dust collection section, operators can precisely adjust the initial preload of the elastic preload component according to the compressive strength of different types of adsorbents or different filling heights. This adjustability ensures that the compensation mechanism can both compress the particles and prevent the adsorbent from being artificially broken due to excessive pressure. When the adsorbent undergoes gradual volume shrinkage due to long-term use, exceeding the automatic compensation range of the elastic preload component, the compression stroke can be supplemented by manually tightening the clamping component, restoring the compensation mechanism to the optimal compression state. This dual adjustment mechanism achieves real-time automatic compensation during operation and provides a means of manual intervention during maintenance, ensuring that the adsorbent layer remains structurally dense throughout its entire service life.

[0018] The clamping component employs a hollow annular design with circumferentially spaced stop blocks, minimizing obstruction to the central airflow while ensuring mechanical strength. The stop blocks provide stable radial restraint for the elastic preload component, preventing it from skewing or jamming during reciprocating motion and ensuring axial consistency of pressure transmission. The guide protrusions and guide grooves on the inner wall of the second filter and adsorption section ensure precise alignment of the compensation mechanism during axial sliding, reducing jamming caused by clamping component tilting.

[0019] 2. Regarding the optimization of the inlet airflow field, the conical section of the inlet adopts a conical design with an inner diameter that gradually increases from bottom to top, which plays a good role in decelerating and stabilizing the flow. The support structure formed by the columns creates a complete gas distribution chamber below the first filter, allowing high-pressure gas to pass through the first filter and enter the adsorption layer evenly, avoiding local perforation or uneven stress on the adsorbent caused by the high-speed airflow directly impacting the center of the filter. The air inlet is located on the wall of the columnar section to achieve lateral air intake. Utilizing the natural guidance of the cylindrical structure, the incoming airflow generates a certain swirling effect, which is beneficial for large droplets to condense and settle on the side wall before entering the adsorption section, reducing the liquid load on the subsequent adsorption layer. The gradient design of the pore size in the central area of ​​the first filter, which is larger than that in the edge area, compensates for the pressure gradient difference caused by the central air intake, making the gas distribution in the adsorption section more uniform.

[0020] 3. Regarding regeneration and energy saving, the design of the vent and second outlet enables the adsorption tower to possess highly efficient counter-current regeneration capabilities. During regeneration, clean gas can pass through the filter layer from the outside in, using reverse airflow to backflush and clean the filter paper, first filter screen, second filter screen, and adsorbent in the adsorption section. This effectively prevents clogging of the filter layer, first filter screen, second filter screen, and adsorption section, improving the equipment's self-cleaning ability. The connection between the regeneration gas chamber and the vent achieves energy self-balance between purification and regeneration. During purification, a portion of clean gas is pre-stored in the regeneration gas chamber, and during regeneration, backwashing is performed using instantaneous pressure difference, eliminating the need for an additional power source, simplifying system piping layout, and reducing energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adsorption tower;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the adsorption tower;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the adsorption tower;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the adsorption tower from another direction;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of part of the inner tube.

[0027] 100. Adsorption tower;

[0028] 110. Outer tube; 111. First air outlet; 112. Vent hole; 113. Regeneration gas chamber;

[0029] 120. Inner tube body; 121. Air inlet section; 121a. Cylindrical part; 121b. Conical part; 122. Adsorption section; 123. Dust removal section; 124. Air inlet; 125. First filter screen; 126. Second filter screen; 127. Filter layer; 128. Elastic compensation mechanism; 128a. Elastic pre-tightening element; 128b. Pressing element; 128c. Stop block; 129. Second air outlet;

[0030] 130. Solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] Existing purification equipment often separates gas-liquid separation and dust removal into multiple independent tanks or cascaded components. This approach not only results in a large overall size and footprint, but also increases system flow resistance and potential leakage risks due to excessive external connecting pipelines, making it difficult to meet the needs of mobile or miniaturized precision purification equipment. This application provides an adsorption tower 100 that achieves physical integration of adsorption and dust removal functions through a coaxial double-tube nested structure, significantly reducing the overall radial dimension of the adsorption tower 100.

[0033] In one embodiment, an adsorption tower 100, see [reference] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system consists of an outer tube 110 and an inner tube 120 arranged coaxially within the outer tube 110. This nested layout creates an annular flow space between the outer tube 110 and the inner tube 120. The outer tube 110 has a first air outlet 111 for discharging clean gas. The inner tube 120, serving as the core purification channel, is divided into three interconnected functional areas from bottom to top: an air inlet section 121 at the bottom, an adsorption section 122 in the middle, and a dust removal section 123 at the top. By employing a tube-within-a-tube structure with the outer tube 110 and inner tube 120 coaxially arranged, the system's integration is significantly improved, and its size is reduced.

[0034] The inlet section 121 has an inlet 124 for introducing the high-pressure gas to be treated. The internal chamber of the adsorption section 122 is filled with adsorbent to remove moisture or other impurities from the gas. To stably confine the adsorbent within a specific area, a first filter screen 125 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the adsorption section 122 where it connects to the inlet section 121, while a second filter screen 126 is horizontally arranged at the top of the adsorption section 122 where it connects to the dust removal section 123. At least a portion of the sidewall of the dust removal section 123 is designed as a filter layer 127 with a microporous structure; preferably, the entire sidewall of the dust removal section 123 is a filter layer 127 with a microporous structure.

[0035] In terms of specific structural implementation, the outer tube 110 can be a high-strength aluminum alloy extruded cylinder or a pressure tank made of cast steel. The inner tube 120 can be a combined support tube formed by multiple metal pipes connected by threads or fixed by clamps. The adsorbent can be activated alumina balls, molecular sieve particles, or silica gel desiccant, etc. The first filter screen 125 and the second filter screen 126 can be stainless steel woven wire mesh, sintered metal mesh, or perforated metal plates, etc. The filter layer 127 on the side wall of the dust removal section 123 can be high-pressure resistant fiber filter paper, folded metal felt, or porous ceramic filter membrane, etc., wrapped around the tube frame.

[0036] During purification operation, the high-pressure gas to be treated first enters the inlet section 121 of the inner tube 120 through the inlet 124. Driven by the pressure difference, the gas overcomes gravity and flows vertically upward, passing through the first filter 125 and entering the adsorption section 122. In the adsorption section 122, the gas comes into full contact with the adsorbent particles and undergoes deep drying. Subsequently, the preliminarily purified gas continues upward through the second filter 126 and enters the dust removal section 123. At this point, the gas is constrained by the top-sealed structure and changes its flow direction, turning into a radial flow from the inside to the outside through the filter layer 127 on the side wall.

[0037] It should be noted that in traditional adsorption towers 100, adsorbent particles are easily pulverized into fine dust particles under the impact and friction of long-term high-pressure airflow. These adsorbent dust particles can enter downstream pipelines with the airflow, causing secondary pollution and damaging downstream precision components. In this embodiment, the gas must pass through the filter layer 127 after leaving the adsorption section 122 before entering the annular gap. This structural design traps the adsorbent dust inside the inner tube 120, avoiding secondary pollution. By placing the filter layer 127 on the side wall of the dust removal section 123, the gas must pass through the filter layer 127 radially, which has two significant advantages compared to traditional axial end-face filtration. First, the filter layer 127 is continuously arranged circumferentially along the inner tube 120, and its effective filtration area is the area of ​​a cylindrical surface, which is much larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the axial end face filtration under the same radial dimension. This significantly reduces the filtration rate and reduces air resistance under the same gas flow rate. Second, the radial flow path makes the gas form a uniform distribution pressure on the surface of the filter layer 127, avoiding local perforation failure caused by concentrated airflow impacting the central area of ​​the filter layer during axial filtration.

[0038] The filtered clean gas enters the annular gap between the inner tube 120 and the outer tube 110. This annular gap serves as a confluence and pressure stabilization point, where the gases converge and are ultimately discharged continuously from the first outlet 111 of the outer tube 110. Because the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the annular gap is much larger than the total opening area of ​​the filter layer 127 on the side wall of the dust removal section 123, the gas undergoes volume expansion here, the flow velocity decreases significantly, and the dynamic pressure is converted into static pressure, forming a low-pressure, stable air cushion zone. When multiple streams of gas enter the annular gap from different circumferential positions through the filter layer 127, they are fully mixed and pressure equalized within this air cushion zone before being discharged through the first outlet 111. This process effectively eliminates pressure fluctuations caused by local resistance differences or airflow pulsations in the filter layer 127, making the output gas pressure more stable.

[0039] The longitudinal arrangement of the inlet section 121, adsorption section 122, and dust removal section 123 in the inner tube 120 conforms to the characteristics of airflow dynamics. Specifically, the gas flows vertically from bottom to top, in the opposite direction to gravity, which is conducive to the natural sedimentation of large particles and maintains the structural stability of the adsorbent layer under gravity. The height of the adsorption section 122 can be independently designed according to the gas volume and purification requirements. Under a given gas flow rate, the contact time between the gas and the adsorbent can be controlled by adjusting the bed height, ensuring that the gas obtains sufficient residence time in the adsorbent layer to complete deep drying.

[0040] The conventional air intake method of adsorption tower 100 often leads to tunneling or localized flow deviation in the airflow within the adsorbent layer, resulting in uneven adsorbent utilization. This not only shortens the adsorbent replacement cycle but may also cause fluctuations in the dew point of the output gas. Dew point is the temperature at which water vapor in a cooled gas begins to condense into liquid or solid condensate, reflecting the moisture content of the gas. This application also provides an adsorption tower 100 including an elastic compensation mechanism 128, which can automatically eliminate gaps in the packing in real time, thereby greatly solving the tunneling effect caused by adsorbent contraction and the resulting airflow short-circuiting phenomenon.

[0041] In one embodiment, the adsorption tower 100 further includes an elastic compensation mechanism 128, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 and Figure 5 The clamping member 128b is disposed within the dust removal section 123; the elastic pre-tightening member 128a abuts against the clamping member 128b and the second filter screen 126 at both ends of its elastic force.

[0042] The elastic compensation mechanism 128 is mainly composed of a clamping component 128b and an elastic pre-tightening component 128a. The clamping component 128b serves as a force-bearing or positioning reference and is securely placed within the dust removal section 123. Meanwhile, the second filter screen 126, originally located at the upper end of the adsorption section 122 to constrain the adsorbent, is designed as a movable structure, allowing it to slide freely up and down along the central axis of the inner tube 120, thereby adjusting its position in real time according to the filling height of the adsorbent.

[0043] In terms of specific structural implementation, the clamping component 128b can be a retaining spring or a ring-shaped steel plate with a certain thickness. The clamping component 128b can be fixed to the inner wall of the dust removal section 123 by means of plugging or other methods. The material of the clamping component 128b is usually stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or carbon steel with rust-proof surface treatment, which have good mechanical strength and chemical stability. The second filter screen 126 can be specifically composed of a high-hardness stainless steel support frame and multiple layers of fine wire mesh. Its outer diameter maintains a slight gap fit with the inner wall of the adsorption section 122 of the inner tube 120 to ensure smooth sliding.

[0044] The elastic preload 128a is longitudinally clamped between the clamping member 128b and the second filter screen 126. In the assembled state, the elastic preload 128a is in a pre-compressed deformation process, with its two ends tightly abutting against the bottom surface of the clamping member 128b and the top surface of the second filter screen 126, respectively. The elastic preload 128a can be specifically embodied as a cylindrical helical spring, a multi-layered stacked disc spring, or a high-elasticity, high-temperature resistant synthetic rubber column. These components can be made of high-performance spring steel, such as manganese steel or silicon-manganese alloy steel, to ensure that stable elastic force output is maintained without permanent deformation under long-term high-temperature and high-pressure environments.

[0045] This embodiment introduces a continuous axial compressive force above the adsorption section 122, making the second filter screen 126 a dynamic pressure cap that can move in real time according to the change in the internal packing volume of the adsorption section 122. When the adsorbent wears and breaks due to long-term airflow scouring or when the accumulated volume decreases due to gravitational vibration, the elastic pre-tightening member 128a releases the stored elastic potential energy and pushes the second filter screen 126 to automatically move downward. This dynamic compensation effect ensures that the adsorbent particle layer is always in a tight packing state, reduces the airflow tunneling effect induced by loose adsorbent particles, effectively prevents the degradation of purification performance caused by airflow short circuit, and ensures the long-term stability of the dew point of the output gas of the adsorption tower 100.

[0046] In one embodiment, the clamping member 128b is further designed as a threaded adjustment assembly, with continuously distributed external threads machined on its outer peripheral surface. Correspondingly, the inner peripheral wall of the dust removal section 123 of the inner tube body 120 is provided with internal threads that precisely match the external threads. This threaded pair fit creates an axially movable positioning structure inside the dust removal section 123, allowing the clamping member 128b to be installed and fixed at a predetermined depth in the dust removal section 123 by screwing it in.

[0047] The clamping component 128b can be made of a high-strength and wear-resistant metal material, such as 304 stainless steel, brass, or surface-hardened aluminum alloy. To facilitate torque transmission during assembly, the top surface of the clamping component 128b can be provided with a slotted groove, a cross-shaped groove, or circumferentially distributed lever holes for use with external tools to drive its rotation. The internal thread of the dust removal section 123 can be directly tapped into the metal wall of the inner tube 120, or a threaded metal bushing can be pre-embedded inside the tube body through interference fit, insertion, or welding.

[0048] By applying external torque to drive the clamping member 128b to rotate, the lead effect of the thread can convert the circumferential rotational motion into linear displacement along the axial direction of the inner tube 120. This change in axial position can directly act on the elastic pre-tightening member 128a, causing a change in the degree of compression it is subjected to within a limited space. Since the elastic pre-tightening member 128a is always positioned between the clamping member 128b and the second filter screen 126, the downward axial displacement of the clamping member 128b increases the deformation of the elastic pre-tightening member 128a, thereby increasing the initial clamping force on the bottom adsorbent layer. Conversely, rotating the clamping member 128b upwards can release part of the pre-tightening force.

[0049] This embodiment provides a quantifiable and fine-tunable initial pre-tightening force control method for the adsorption tower 100 through threaded rotation adjustment. This allows the adsorption tower 100 to flexibly adapt to the filling requirements of adsorbents with different materials and particle strengths. Operators can compensate for filling errors by adjusting the axial position of the clamping component 128b according to the actual filling height, ensuring that the elastic compensation mechanism 128 is always within the optimal working pressure range. This precise adjustment capability effectively avoids particle loosening and wear due to insufficient pressure, while also preventing adsorbent breakage due to excessive pressure, greatly improving the flexibility of equipment assembly and operational reliability.

[0050] When the adsorbent undergoes gradual volume shrinkage due to long-term use, exceeding the automatic compensation range of the elastic preload 128a, the compression stroke can be supplemented by manually tightening the clamping component 128b, restoring the compensation mechanism to its optimal clamping state. This dual adjustment mechanism achieves both real-time automatic compensation during operation and provides a means of manual intervention during maintenance, ensuring that the adsorbent layer remains structurally dense throughout its entire service life.

[0051] In one embodiment, the clamping member 128b is a hollow annular component. This hollow annular design provides ample space for airflow while ensuring mechanical strength. The inner ring edge of the annular component protrudes radially inward to form a stop block 128c, and multiple stop blocks 128c are spaced apart along the circumference of the inner ring of the annular component. The specific shape of the stop block 128c can be a rectangular boss, a triangular reinforcing rib, or an arc-shaped positioning tooth. During manufacturing, the stop blocks 128c and the main body of the annular component are typically integrally cast, injection molded, or formed using precision CNC machining to ensure the positional accuracy between the stop blocks 128c.

[0052] The set of stop blocks 128c serves a dual function in the structure. First, it provides a limit to the radial displacement of the elastic preload 128a. When the elastic preload 128a is installed below the clamping member 128b, its top end is constrained within the range defined by the multiple stop blocks 128c, thereby preventing the elastic preload 128a from lateral displacement, twisting, or instability due to high-pressure airflow disturbance when subjected to axial compressive force. Second, the stop blocks 128c also serve as a manual rotation interface. Since the clamping member 128b is connected to the inner wall of the dust removal section 123 by a threaded connection, when it is necessary to adjust the axial position of the clamping member 128b, the operator can insert a tool into the gap between adjacent stop blocks 128c, or directly apply circumferential torque by pressing the radial protrusion of the stop block 128c with their fingers, thereby easily tightening or loosening the clamping member 128b.

[0053] In one embodiment, the intake section 121 includes a conical portion 121b. The conical portion 121b is configured as a conical cylindrical structure with an inner diameter that gradually increases axially from bottom to top. The high-pressure gas to be treated enters the interior of the conical portion 121b from its lower end port. Multiple pillars are uniformly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the conical portion 121b. Each pillar extends upward from the inner wall surface of the conical portion 121b, with its top end located in the same horizontal plane. A first filter screen 125 is horizontally disposed at the bottom end of the adsorption section 122, and the lower surface of the first filter screen 125 contacts and is supported by the top ends of the multiple pillars.

[0054] The conical section 121b can be made by stamping or casting metal sheets, and the material can be stainless steel or aluminum alloy to ensure structural strength. The column can be integrally cast with the conical section 121b, or it can be a separate structure that is fixed to the inner wall of the conical section 121b by welding or threaded connection. The first filter screen 125 can be a filter material with a certain degree of rigidity, such as stainless steel woven wire mesh, sintered metal mesh, or perforated metal plate.

[0055] When high-pressure gas enters from the lower end of the conical section 121b, the gradually increasing inner diameter of the conical section 121b causes the cross-sectional area for gas flow to gradually expand along the flow direction. According to the fluid continuity equation, the gas velocity decreases accordingly, and the dynamic pressure is partially converted into static pressure. This process effectively slows down the gas flow velocity, creating conditions for a uniform gas distribution before entering the adsorption section 122.

[0056] The columns form a multi-point support structure inside the conical section 121b. The tops of the multiple columns together form a flat support plane, allowing the first filter screen 125 to be stably fixed to the bottom of the adsorption section 122. The gaps between the columns form an open gas distribution cavity, where the gas is further diffused and homogenized after being decelerated within the conical section 121b, and then uniformly passes through the first filter screen 125 into the adsorption section 122.

[0057] This structure achieves airflow deceleration and stabilization through the diffusion effect of the conical section 121b, preventing high-speed airflow from directly impacting the central area of ​​the first filter screen 125 and causing local perforation or deformation of the screen. The column support structure ensures that the first filter screen 125 remains stable under the action of bidirectional airflow, preventing the screen from denting downwards or bulging upwards due to pressure. The gas distribution chamber formed between the columns allows the gas to be evenly distributed laterally before reaching the first filter screen 125, eliminating the problem of local saturation of the adsorbent caused by concentrated airflow jets, thereby improving the overall utilization rate of the adsorbent.

[0058] In one embodiment, the intake section 121 further includes a cylindrical section 121a communicating with the conical section 121b. The cylindrical section 121a is configured as a straight pipe with a constant inner diameter along the axial direction. The cylindrical section 121a is located below the conical section 121b, and the lower end of the conical section 121b communicates with the upper end of the cylindrical section 121a. An intake port 124 is formed in the pipe wall of the cylindrical section 121a for introducing high-pressure gas to be processed.

[0059] The cylindrical part 121a can be made of metal tubing, and the material can be stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The cylindrical part 121a and the tapered part 121b can be fixedly connected by welding, threaded connection or integral molding. The air inlet 124 can be set as a circular through hole, which is opened radially on the tube wall of the cylindrical part 121a. The air inlet 124 can be pre-threaded for connection with the external air intake pipeline.

[0060] After the high-pressure gas enters the cylindrical section 121a radially through the inlet 124, it first undergoes a directional change inside the cylindrical section 121a. The gas flow changes from radial to axial and moves upward along the axial direction of the cylindrical section 121a. The constant-diameter straight pipe structure of the cylindrical section 121a provides a stable flow buffer zone for the gas, causing the local turbulence generated upon entry to gradually decrease within this zone, and the flow velocity distribution tends to be uniform. Subsequently, the gas enters the conical section 121b from the upper end of the cylindrical section 121a.

[0061] The cylindrical section 121a separates the inlet 124 from the conical section 121b by a certain distance, ensuring a relatively stable axial flow state for the gas before it enters the conical section 121b. This design avoids the wall-attached jet phenomenon that might occur when the inlet 124 is directly located on the wall of the conical section 121b, preventing gas from directly rushing towards the edge of the first filter screen 125 along the inner wall of the conical section 121b, thus preventing localized airflow concentration. Through the flow stabilization and buffering effect of the cylindrical section 121a, the gas enters the conical section 121b at a uniform flow rate, creating favorable initial conditions for diffusion and flow equalization in the conical section 121b. Simultaneously, the stepped or continuous combination of the cylindrical section 121a and the conical section 121b guides the gas to achieve more uniform volume diffusion during its ascent, laying the foundation for a stable laminar flow field to form in the adsorption section 122. This structural layout improves the adsorption tower 100's ability to withstand instantaneous high-pressure impacts and enhances the stability of the purification process.

[0062] In one embodiment, a vent hole 112 is provided on the wall of the outer tube 110 for communicating with external clean gas. A second vent 129 is provided at the lower end of the cylindrical portion 121a for discharging gas during regeneration. The vent hole 112 can be a circular through hole, radially formed on the wall of the outer tube 110. An internal thread can be pre-machined at the vent hole 112 for connection to an external pipeline. The second vent 129 is located at the bottom end or near the bottom end of the cylindrical portion 121a, with its opening facing downwards or to the side for connection to an external discharge pipeline. A one-way valve or a solenoid valve 130 can be added at the connection between the second vent 129 and the external pipeline. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 This is used to precisely control the flow of air. Both the vent 112 and the second outlet 129 can be sealed by welding or threading metal pipe fittings to the pipe body.

[0063] During regeneration, the second outlet 129 is opened, reducing the air pressure inside the inner tube 120. The pressure inside the outer tube 110 is greater than that inside the inner tube 120, allowing clean gas to enter the outer tube 110 through the vent 112. Since an annular gap is formed between the outer tube 110 and the inner tube 120, the clean gas first fills this gap. Driven by the pressure difference, the clean gas radially inwards through the filter layer 127 on the side wall of the dust removal section 123 and enters the interior of the dust removal section 123. Subsequently, the gas flows downwards, passing sequentially through the second filter 126, the adsorbent in the adsorption section 122, and the first filter 125, entering the cylindrical portion 121a of the inlet section 121, and finally exiting from the second outlet 129 at the lower end of the cylindrical portion 121a.

[0064] In this regeneration mode, the gas flow direction is opposite to that in the purification mode, forming a counter-current regeneration path and producing a significant backwashing effect. During the counter-current regeneration process, dry, clean gas passes through the adsorbent from top to bottom, carrying away the moisture and impurities adsorbed inside the adsorbent. Simultaneously, as the gas flows in the reverse direction through the filter layer 127, the first filter screen 125, and the second filter screen 126, it blows away the adsorbent dust adhering to the surfaces of these elements, achieving self-cleaning of the filter layer 127, the first filter screen 125, and the second filter screen 126. This structural design not only extends the service life of the core adsorption section 122 but also greatly improves the automated regeneration efficiency of the adsorption tower 100, ensuring the reliability of the adsorption tower 100 during continuous operation.

[0065] In one embodiment, the adsorption tower 100 further includes a regeneration gas chamber 113, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The regeneration gas chamber 113 is connected to the outer pipe 110 through the vent 112. In terms of specific structural implementation, the regeneration gas chamber 113 can be a metal tank welded to the outer wall of the outer pipe 110, or an independent cylindrical container connected to the vent 112 via a high-pressure hose and connector. Its material is typically chosen for its good pressure resistance and chemical stability, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or carbon steel with rust-proof inner walls. The volume of the regeneration gas chamber 113 is proportioned according to the amount of adsorbent loaded in the adsorption tower 100 to ensure that the stored clean gas is sufficient to complete one complete backwash cycle.

[0066] Under purification conditions, the gas to be treated is dried in the adsorption section 122 and then enters the dust removal section 123. It then radially passes through the filter layer 127 and enters the annular gap between the inner tube 120 and the outer tube 110. After the gas collects in the annular gap, a portion of the gas is discharged from the first outlet 111 of the outer tube 110 for use by downstream equipment. The other portion of the gas enters the regeneration gas chamber 113 through the vent 112 and is stored there. The gas entering the regeneration gas chamber 113 is clean gas that has undergone deep drying in the adsorption section 122 and precise filtration in the dust removal section 123; it has a low dew point and is free of impurities.

[0067] Under regeneration conditions, the clean gas stored in the regeneration gas chamber 113 is driven by the pressure difference and flows in reverse from the regeneration gas chamber 113 into the outer pipe 110 through the vent 112. The clean gas then flows along the counter-current path through the filter layer 127, the second filter screen 126, the adsorbent, and the first filter screen 125, and is discharged from the second outlet 129 at the lower end of the columnar section 121a, completing the backwash regeneration of the internal structure of the adsorption tower 100.

[0068] This embodiment achieves pre-storage of a portion of clean gas under purification conditions by setting a regeneration gas chamber 113 outside the adsorption tower 100, and utilizes this pre-stored gas for backflushing regeneration under regeneration conditions. The introduction of the regeneration gas chamber 113 enables the adsorption tower 100 to have energy self-balancing capability, eliminating the need for an external regeneration power source. The gas used in the regeneration process originates from the clean gas purified by the adsorption tower 100 itself, ensuring the purity of the regeneration gas and avoiding secondary pollution that may be introduced by an external gas source. The setting of the regeneration gas chamber 113 also decouples the regeneration operation from the purification conditions in time. Under purification conditions, gas can be slowly filled into the regeneration gas chamber 113, and under regeneration conditions, the regeneration gas chamber 113 can release gas instantaneously, meeting the instantaneous gas volume requirements of backflushing regeneration.

[0069] In one embodiment, the first air outlet 111 is located on the outer tube wall 110 above the air inlet 124, and the second air outlet 129 is located at the bottom end of the cylindrical portion 121a below the air inlet 124. The diameter of the vent 112 is much smaller than the diameter of the first air outlet 111. Specifically, the first air outlet 111, air inlet 124, and second air outlet 129 can be constructed as metal fittings welded to the outer tube wall 110 or inner tube wall 120, flange seats with sealing end faces, or threaded bosses with quick-connect fittings, respectively. These interface components are typically made of materials matching the tube substrate, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or high-strength carbon steel. The vent 112 can be a throttling channel formed by precision drilling into the side wall of the outer tube 110, or a seat with embedded ceramic or hard alloy bushings to enhance its resistance to airflow erosion.

[0070] The arrangement of the first outlet 111 and the second outlet 129, located on the upper and lower sides of the inlet 124 respectively, fully utilizes the principle of gravity stratification and axial flow field characteristics. In purification mode, this high-level exhaust design helps guide the airflow upwards, ensuring sufficient contact path between the gas and the adsorbent. In regeneration mode, the lower-level second outlet 129 facilitates the downward discharge of detached dust and any condensate that may precipitate.

[0071] The diameter of the vent 112 is smaller than the diameter of the first outlet 111. This dimensional relationship serves to throttle and limit pressure during regeneration. When the clean gas in the regeneration gas chamber 113 enters the outer pipe 110 through the vent 112, the smaller diameter of the vent 112 restricts the instantaneous flow rate of the gas, allowing it to enter the annular gap at a controlled rate. Simultaneously, the larger diameter of the first outlet 111 ensures that the gas can be smoothly discharged primarily from the first outlet 111 during purification, without creating additional flow resistance. During regeneration, the first outlet 111 is connected to the external pipeline but is in a pressureless or low-pressure state. The throttling effect of the vent 112 ensures that the backflushing gas does not impact the adsorbent layer at high speed due to excessive instantaneous pressure difference, thus avoiding violent agitation and wear of the adsorbent particles. The design of the vent 112 having a smaller diameter than the first outlet 111 allows the adsorption tower 100 to have backflushing flow control function without the need for an additional throttling valve, simplifying the system structure while ensuring the gentleness and stability of the regeneration process.

[0072] In one embodiment, the pore size of the first filter 125 is gradient-distributed radially, with the pore size in the central region being larger than that in the edge regions. The first filter 125 can be made of woven metal mesh or sintered metal mesh. By controlling the weaving density or sintering process, the mesh size in different regions of the filter can exhibit a regular variation. Specifically, different mesh counts of wire mesh can be spliced ​​together, or a porous structure with gradually changing pore sizes can be formed on a single filter using laser processing or etching. A transition zone is provided between the edge and central regions of the first filter 125, with the pore size changing continuously or in a stepped manner radially.

[0073] During the air intake process, since the air inlet 124 is located on the side wall of the cylindrical section 121a, the gas rises axially along the cylindrical section 121a after entering. When entering the conical section 121b, the airflow distribution exhibits a characteristic where the flow velocity in the central region is higher than that in the edge region. The central region of the first filter screen 125 has a larger aperture, resulting in less flow resistance to the high-speed airflow in the central region, which is conducive to the rapid passage of gas. The edge region has a smaller aperture, resulting in relatively greater resistance to the low-speed airflow in the edge region, prompting the gas to redistribute its flow across the entire filter screen cross-section. This gradient aperture design compensates for the pressure gradient difference caused by the air intake method, resulting in a uniform flow velocity distribution of the gas after passing through the first filter screen 125 at the inlet of the adsorption section 122. This ensures more uniform gas reception at the front end of the adsorbent layer, avoiding the problems of local oversaturation or local penetration.

[0074] In one embodiment, the edge of the second filter 126 is provided with guide protrusions, and the inner wall of the adsorption section 122 is provided with an axially extending guide groove, with the guide protrusions slidingly fitted within the guide groove. The second filter 126 can be made of stainless steel or engineering plastic, and multiple guide protrusions are evenly distributed circumferentially along its outer edge. The guide protrusions can be set as rectangular blocks or hemispherical protrusions, integrally formed with the body of the second filter 126 or fixed by welding. The inner wall of the adsorption section 122 is machined with an axially extending guide groove at corresponding positions, the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove matches the outer contour of the guide protrusion, and the length of the guide groove is greater than the maximum range of the axial sliding stroke of the second filter 126.

[0075] When the elastic compensation mechanism 128 is working, the second filter screen 126 slides axially along the inner wall of the adsorption section 122 under the push of the elastic pre-tightening member 128a. The guide protrusion is embedded in the guide groove, which restricts the free rotation of the second filter screen 126 in the circumferential direction and constrains the radial offset of the filter screen. The second filter screen 126 always maintains axial alignment during the sliding process, and its lower surface is in parallel contact with the upper end face of the adsorbent layer, so the pressure transmission is uniform and consistent. The cooperation between the guide protrusion and the guide groove avoids the filter screen jamming caused by the assembly misalignment of the clamping member 128b or the uneven force on the elastic pre-tightening member 128a, ensuring the response sensitivity and operation reliability of the elastic compensation mechanism 128 throughout its entire stroke range.

[0076] In an alternative embodiment, the elastic preload employs a multi-stage composite spring design. The elastic preload consists of nested inner and outer springs. The inner spring is made of a high-stiffness material with a larger wire diameter and closer coil spacing to provide large displacement compensation capability; the outer spring is made of a low-stiffness material with a smaller wire diameter and wider coil spacing to provide fine-tuning clamping capability. The two springs are coaxially arranged, with their lower ends abutting against the upper surface of the second filter screen and their upper ends abutting against the lower surface of the clamping component. During the initial large-scale settling of the adsorbent in the early stages, this multi-stage composite spring structure primarily relies on the inner high-stiffness spring to compensate for displacement; when the adsorbent enters the later fine pulverization stage, the outer low-stiffness spring plays a dominant role, providing fine pressure regulation. Through the coordinated work of the inner and outer springs, the contradiction between a single spring's inability to simultaneously handle large stroke compensation and stable pressure output is resolved, ensuring that the adsorbent layer is always subjected to a suitable and constant clamping force throughout its entire service life.

[0077] In one embodiment, the support frame of the dust removal section adopts a biomimetic honeycomb structure. The support frame is made of metal material through precision casting or 3D printing, and its interior contains multiple uniformly distributed hexagonal honeycomb pores. The filter layer covers the outer surface of the honeycomb support frame, with the hollow areas inside the frame serving as gas channels. Under the same wall thickness, the honeycomb structure has higher structural strength than circular or rectangular holes, and can withstand higher radial pressure without collapsing. Simultaneously, the porosity of the hexagonal honeycomb pores is much higher than that of traditional perforated plates, significantly reducing the local flow resistance when gas passes through the filter paper layer. This structure effectively prevents the filter layer from deforming inwards under high-pressure conditions, ensuring the structural stability of the filter layer under extreme conditions.

[0078] In one embodiment, the filter layer surface of the dust removal section is coated with a hydrophobic and oleophobic composite coating. This coating, made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is uniformly adhered to the fiber surface and pore walls of the filter layer via an electrodeposition process. The PTFE coating has extremely low surface energy, exhibiting excellent repellency to moisture and oil. When residual oil mist or liquid water in the compressed air comes into contact with the filter layer, the oil and water molecules cannot spread to form a continuous liquid film on the filter layer surface; instead, they coalesce into spherical droplets and fall off under the propulsion of the airflow. This hydrophobic and oleophobic coating effectively prevents oil mist and water vapor from forming an oil film effect on the filter paper surface, avoiding a sharp increase in filtration resistance caused by the oil film blocking the filter paper pores, and significantly extending the effective service life and regeneration cycle of the filter layer.

[0079] In one embodiment, a swirl vane assembly is provided at the connection between the cylindrical and conical sections. The swirl vane assembly consists of multiple inclined stator vanes, evenly distributed circumferentially, forming swirl channels between adjacent vanes. The vanes can be formed by stamping thin metal sheets and fixed to the transition position between the cylindrical and conical sections by welding or retaining rings. When gas enters the conical section from the cylindrical section, it is forced to change its flow direction after passing through the swirl vanes, transforming from linear axial motion to spiral upward swirling motion. During the swirling motion, large liquid droplets entrained in the gas are thrown towards the pipe wall under centrifugal force, sliding down the pipe wall and being collected, achieving gas-liquid pre-separation. Simultaneously, the swirling motion allows the gas to complete circumferential diffusion before entering the conical section, resulting in a more uniform airflow distribution and creating ideal inflow conditions for subsequent passage through the first filter.

[0080] In an alternative embodiment, the vent is configured as a Venturi nozzle. This Venturi nozzle includes a converging section at the front, a throat section in the middle, and a diffuser section at the rear. The inlet diameter of the converging section is larger than the diameter of the throat section, and the diameter of the throat section is smaller than the outlet diameter of the diffuser section. The Venturi nozzle is integrally machined with the vent or installed within the vent as a separate nozzle insert. During regeneration, the regeneration airflow increases in velocity after passing through the converging section, reaching its maximum velocity at the throat section, where the static pressure drops to its minimum. Subsequently, the velocity decreases as it flows through the diffuser section, and the dynamic pressure partially returns to static pressure. The high-speed jet at the throat section generates a strong entrainment and turbulence effect, causing the backwash gas to be injected into the outer tube with high impact energy, instantly dislodging deep-seated dust adhering to the filter layer surface. This Venturi structure improves the scouring efficiency of the backwash airflow and enhances the self-cleaning capability of the filter layer without requiring an external power source. During purification operation, gas enters the regeneration chamber from inside the outer tube through the vent, with the airflow direction opposite to that during regeneration. As the gas enters the Venturi nozzle from the outer tube, it first flows through the diffuser section, then through the throat section, and finally through the constriction section into the regeneration chamber. In this reverse flow process, the small-diameter orifice structure of the throat section creates a throttling effect on the airflow, limiting the gas flow rate into the regeneration chamber and increasing the flow resistance compared to a standard circular orifice.

[0081] In one embodiment, a sealing structure, preferably a bimetallic thermal expansion compensation sealing structure, is provided at the connection positioning ring between the inner and outer tubes. This sealing structure includes a first metal ring and a second metal ring. The first metal ring is made of a material with a higher coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metal ring is made of a material with a lower coefficient of thermal expansion. The two metal rings are coaxially stacked and fixed. The first metal ring contacts the outer wall of the inner tube, and the second metal ring contacts the inner wall of the outer tube. When the adsorption tower experiences a temperature increase under regeneration conditions, the thermal expansion of the first metal ring is greater than that of the second metal ring, and the radial pressure between the two metal rings increases accordingly, automatically compensating for the sealing gap caused by the temperature difference. When the temperature decreases, the two metal rings contract synchronously, maintaining a constant sealing pre-tightening force. This bimetallic structure ensures that the tower body maintains reliable airtightness over a wide temperature range, avoiding leakage problems caused by thermal expansion and contraction.

[0082] In one embodiment, a gradient adsorbent packing structure is employed within the adsorption section. The adsorption section is divided into three packing zones from bottom to top: the bottom packing zone is filled with large-particle adsorbent, with a particle size range controlled between 4 mm and 6 mm; the middle packing zone is filled with standard-particle adsorbent, with a particle size range controlled between 2 mm and 4 mm; and the top packing zone is filled with small-particle adsorbent, with a particle size range controlled between 1 mm and 2 mm. These different particle size zones are separated by an intermediate filter screen to prevent particle size mixing. The larger pores formed by the large-particle adsorbent effectively reduce flow resistance at the gas inlet, the standard-particle adsorbent undertakes the main adsorption and drying task, and the small-particle adsorbent provides deep purification and fine interception functions. This gradient packing structure reduces the total pressure drop of the adsorption section while ensuring overall adsorption efficiency, and extends the adsorbent's lifespan, thus balancing the trade-off between pressure drop and adsorption efficiency.

[0083] In one embodiment, a gas nano-purifier includes the adsorption tower 100 described in the above embodiment. By employing the adsorption tower 100, this gas nano-purifier achieves a compact structure while maintaining high purification efficiency. The adsorption tower 100 integrates an adsorption section 122 and a dust removal section 123, eliminating the need for a separate external filter and reducing the overall space occupied by the equipment and the number of piping connection points. The built-in elastic compensation mechanism 128 of the adsorption tower 100 ensures the structural stability of the adsorbent layer during long-term operation, reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance. The built-in regeneration gas interface of the adsorption tower 100 eliminates the need for an additional power source for regeneration operations, reducing the energy consumption of the equipment.

[0084] In the description of this specification, the use of terms such as "Embodiment 1," "this embodiment," or "in one embodiment" indicates that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example; moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0085] In the description of this specification, the terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," "setting," and "having" are interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0086] In the description of this specification, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0087] The above description of the embodiments is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and apply the technology of this invention. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these examples and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Modifications in the following situations should be within the scope of protection of this invention: ① New technical solutions implemented based on the technical solution of this invention and combined with existing common knowledge, where the technical effects of the new technical solution do not exceed the technical effects of this invention; ② Equivalent substitutions of some features of the technical solution of this invention using known technology, resulting in the same technical effects as those of this invention; ③ Extendable technical solutions based on the technical solution of this invention, where the substantive content of the extended technical solution does not exceed the technical solution of this invention; ④ Equivalent transformations made using the content of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields.

Claims

1. An adsorption column, characterized by, The system includes an outer tube and an inner tube coaxially disposed within the outer tube. The outer tube has a first air outlet on its wall. The inner tube comprises an inlet section, an adsorption section, and a dust removal section connected sequentially from bottom to top. The inlet section has an air inlet on its wall. The adsorption section is filled with an adsorbent, and a first filter and a second filter are respectively provided at the connection points between the adsorption section and the inlet section and the dust removal section. At least a portion of the sidewalls of the dust removal section are configured as a filter layer. Under purification conditions, the high-pressure gas to be treated enters the inner tube through the air inlet, passes sequentially upwards through the adsorption section and the dust removal section, enters the annular gap between the inner and outer tubes via the filter layer, and is discharged from the first air outlet. The adsorption tower also includes an elastic compensation mechanism, which includes a clamping component and an elastic pre-tightening component. The clamping component is disposed within the dust removal section. The second filter screen is slidably disposed at the upper end of the adsorption section along the axial direction of the inner tube. The elastic pre-tightening component abuts against the clamping component and the second filter screen at both ends of its elastic force. The air inlet section includes a conical portion with an inner diameter that gradually increases from bottom to top. The high-pressure gas to be treated enters the conical portion from its lower end. Multiple upright columns are provided on the inner wall of the conical portion, and the first filter screen is supported at the top of these columns. The air inlet section also includes a cylindrical portion communicating with the conical portion, located below the conical portion. The air inlet is located on the wall of the cylindrical portion. A vent is also provided on the wall of the outer tube, through which clean gas is connected. A second air outlet is provided at the lower end of the cylindrical portion. In regeneration mode, the clean gas enters the outer tube through the vent and passes sequentially through the filter layer, the second filter screen, the adsorbent, and the first filter screen before exiting from the second air outlet.

2. The adsorption column according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer periphery of the clamping member is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the dust removal section is provided with an internal thread that mates with the external thread. The clamping member changes its axial position in the dust removal section by rotating the thread.

3. The adsorption column of claim 1, wherein, The clamping component is a hollow annular component, and the inner ring edge of the annular component protrudes radially inward to form a stop block. Multiple stop blocks are arranged at intervals along the inner ring circumference of the annular component.

4. The adsorption column according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that It also includes a regenerated gas chamber, which is connected to the outer pipe body through the vent hole; under purification conditions, after the gas in the dust removal section passes through the filter layer, part of it is discharged from the first air outlet, and part of it enters the regenerated gas chamber through the vent hole; under regeneration conditions, the clean gas in the regenerated gas chamber enters the outer pipe body through the vent hole.

5. The adsorption column of claim 4, wherein, The first air outlet is located above the air inlet, and the second air outlet is located below the air inlet. The diameter of the vent is smaller than the diameter of the first air outlet.

6. A gas nano-purifier, characterized by, It includes at least one adsorption tower as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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