A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of heavy medium hydrocyclones and discloses a heavy medium hydrocyclone for stable coal preparation in coal mines, comprising a hydrocyclone body. By incorporating a clearing device, when the density of the coal suspension being transported and sorted increases, the impact of the coal suspension on the stabilizing disc causes the stabilizing disc to move downwards within the feed pipe. This, in turn, drives the sliding rod and baffle downwards. Furthermore, the greater the density of the coal suspension, the greater the downward movement of the stabilizing disc. The impact of the coal suspension on the spiral belt causes the guide cone to rotate inside the feed pipe, thus dispersing the high-density coal suspension and reducing the density of localized coal suspensions. This solves the problem of reduced coal sorting efficiency due to excessive density when the coal suspension is input tangentially along the inner wall of the hydrocyclone body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy medium cyclone technology, specifically a heavy medium cyclone for coal preparation in coal mines that provides stable separation. Background Technology

[0002] During the separation process of the heavy medium hydrocyclone, the material and suspension are fed into the hydrocyclone tangentially at a certain pressure, forming a strong vortex flow. The liquid flow starts from the feed port and forms a downward outer spiral flow along the inner wall of the hydrocyclone. Near the axis of the hydrocyclone, an upward inner spiral flow is formed. Due to the negative pressure of the inner spiral flow, air is drawn in, forming an air column at the axis of the hydrocyclone. The clean coal in the feed is carried upward with the inner spiral flow and discharged from the overflow port, while the gangue is carried downward with the outer spiral flow and discharged from the bottom outlet.

[0003] According to a public announcement (Announcement No.: CN115970870A) of a stable heavy medium hydrocyclone for coal preparation in coal mines, the aforementioned application describes a method where a rotating motor drives a drive gear and a transmission gear to rotate, causing a connecting block to rotate and cause a baffle plate to abut against the bottom of the medium inlet, sealing the bottom of the medium inlet. A weighing sensor weighs the amount of heavy medium fed, and when a suitable amount of heavy medium is reached, the rotating motor is activated to reverse, causing the heavy medium to fall from the baffle plate into the hydrocyclone body. This process allows the heavy medium hydrocyclone to control the amount of heavy medium fed according to actual needs during use, avoiding poor material separation due to excessive or insufficient heavy medium feed, thus improving the practicality of the device.

[0004] However, in actual use, the concentration of the coal suspension in the heavy medium hydrocyclone varies due to differences in mining location and mineral quality. This makes the suspension concentration inconsistent, and the feed inlet of the heavy medium hydrocyclone is easily reduced by the high concentration of coal suspension, even with constant external pumping pressure. This affects the clean coal separation quality of the heavy medium hydrocyclone. Therefore, we propose a heavy medium hydrocyclone for stable coal preparation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heavy medium cyclone separator for coal preparation in coal mines that provides stable separation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a heavy medium hydrocyclone for coal preparation with stable separation, comprising a hydrocyclone body, a feed pipe fixedly installed on the inner wall of the side of the hydrocyclone body, a heavy ore outlet at the end of the hydrocyclone body away from the feed pipe, a concentrate outlet at the end of the hydrocyclone body close to the feed pipe, a clearing device for adjusting the dispersion efficiency according to the density of the coal suspension provided inside the feed pipe, and a pressurizing device for accelerating the coal suspension by controlling the air intake of the feed pipe according to the motion feedback of the clearing device on the outside of the feed pipe; The unblocking device includes a fixing ring, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe. A sleeve is fixedly installed at the center of the fixing ring, and a sliding rod is slidably installed at the center of the sleeve. A baffle is fixedly installed at the top of the sliding rod, and a return spring is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the baffle and the outer wall of the feed pipe. A blocking disc is slidably connected to the bottom of the sliding rod, and a guide cone is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the blocking disc. A triangular groove is formed on the inner wall of the guide cone, and a spiral band is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped outer surface of the guide cone.

[0007] Preferably, an arc-shaped groove is formed on the bottom arc-shaped outer wall of the guide cone, an installation ring is fixedly installed on the bottom arc-shaped outer wall of the slide rod, a small spring is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the installation ring and the top inner wall of the stagnation disk, and a deceleration ring is fixedly installed on the side of the installation ring.

[0008] Preferably, the guide cone includes a conical section and a cylindrical section. The cylindrical section is rotatably mounted at the center of the stagnation disk, and the conical section is positioned above the stagnation disk, thereby enabling the guide cone to have a certain diversion effect on the coal mine suspension flowing from top to bottom.

[0009] Preferably, the arc-shaped groove is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top, and a rubber ring is provided on the inner surface of the arc-shaped deceleration ring to increase the contact efficiency between the inner surface of the deceleration ring and the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical section of the guide cone. In the initial state, the deceleration ring and the outer surface of the cylindrical section of the guide cone are pressed together, so that as the stabilizing disk moves downward under the impact of the coal mine suspension, the relative sliding distance between the stabilizing disk and the slide bar increases as the density of the coal mine suspension increases.

[0010] Preferably, the pressurizing device includes a sliding table, which is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the feed pipe. A rectangular groove is formed on the outer surface of the sliding table. An L-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the side of the baffle. An opening groove is formed on the inner wall of the L-shaped plate. An air inlet is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe. A limit ring is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped inner wall of the air inlet. A vent is slidably installed on the inner wall of the air inlet. A connecting spring is fixedly connected to the end face of the vent and the side wall of the limit ring. An arc-shaped opening is formed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the vent. An air inlet is formed on the inner wall of the vent near the feed pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a spiral guide belt is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped inner surface of the feed pipe. The spiral direction of the spiral guide belt is opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral belt on the arc-shaped surface of the guide cone, thereby promoting a better mixing effect between the coal mine suspension inside and outside the feed pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the air intake cylinder includes a central straight cylinder and discs fixedly installed at both ends of the straight cylinder. The diameter of the discs is adapted to the inner diameter of the air intake cylinder, and the outer diameter of the straight cylinder is adapted to the inner diameter of the limiting ring. Meanwhile, the connecting spring is sleeved on the arc-shaped outer surface of the straight cylinder. The number of arc-shaped openings is set in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of arc-shaped openings are arranged in a circumferential array on the arc-shaped outer surface of the air intake cylinder. In the initial state, the arc-shaped openings and the limiting ring are arranged in the same plane, and the end of the air intake is in contact with the outer surface of the limiting ring to ensure the air intake cylinder is sealed in the initial state.

[0013] Preferably, the outer side of the L-shaped plate is provided with a pressurizing device for controlling the pumping pressure setting of the conveying pump connected to the end of the feed pipe and the air intake volume of the air inlet cylinder. The pressurizing device includes an adjusting groove, which is opened on the outer wall of the L-shaped plate near the feed pipe. An arc-shaped plate is fixedly installed at the top of the adjusting groove. A contact switch is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular groove. The number of contact switches is set to three sets, and the three sets of contact switches are evenly distributed in a linear array on the inner surface of the rectangular groove.

[0014] Preferably, a triangular plate-like structure is provided on the inner surface of the opening groove, and the gap of the opening groove gradually increases from bottom to top.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a heavy medium hydrocyclone for coal preparation in coal mines with stable separation, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention incorporates a dredging device. When the density of the coal mine suspension being transported and sorted increases, the impact of the coal mine suspension on the stabilizing disc causes the stabilizing disc to move downwards within the feed pipe. This, in turn, causes the sliding rod and baffle to move downwards. Furthermore, the greater the density of the coal mine suspension, the greater the downward movement of the stabilizing disc. Additionally, the impact of the coal mine suspension on the spiral belt causes the guide cone to rotate inside the feed pipe, thus dispersing the high-density coal mine suspension and reducing the density of localized areas. This solves the problem of reduced coal sorting efficiency due to excessive density when the coal mine suspension is input tangentially along the inner wall of the hydrocyclone.

[0016] 2. This invention, through the use of a small spring and mounting ring, allows the stabilizing disc to move downwards under the impact of the coal mine suspension. As the density of the coal mine suspension increases, the relative sliding distance between the stabilizing disc and the sliding rod also increases. This continues until the mounting ring drives the deceleration ring to slide upwards from the bottom of the arc-shaped groove. This gradually reduces the deceleration effect of the deceleration ring on the arc-shaped groove and the guide cone, allowing the guide cone to rotate faster as the density of the coal mine suspension increases. This enables the coal mine suspension to be diverted and centrifugally dispersed at the center of the feed pipe, solving the problem that the rotational speed of the guide cone is limited when the density of the coal mine suspension increases, thus failing to guarantee the density dispersion efficiency of the coal mine suspension.

[0017] 3. This invention, through the setting of a pressurizing device, when the density of the coal mine suspension transported in the feed pipe is too high, the high-density coal mine suspension will generate a downward thrust on the stabilizing plate. At this time, under the drive of the sliding rod and the baffle, the L-shaped plate moves downward, so that the opening slot is exposed at the end of the air inlet cylinder. Since the feed pipe is under negative pressure, the air inlet cylinder will move towards the feed pipe side in the air inlet cylinder, so that the arc-shaped opening and the air inlet are connected. Air from the external environment enters the feed pipe under the influence of the negative pressure in the feed pipe. Due to the pressure, the intake air mixes with the coal mine suspension to form a gas-liquid two-phase flow. Through the fluid inertia, the kinetic energy of the mixed fluid increases, which solves the problem that the flow velocity of the denser coal mine suspension entering the hydrocyclone body is low, thus affecting the coal mine separation efficiency.

[0018] 4. This invention provides a spiral guide band on the inner surface of the feed pipe with a spiral direction opposite to that of the spiral band on the guide cone arc surface, which promotes better mixing of the coal suspension inside and outside the feed pipe. The air input from the air inlet is drawn into the spirally moving coal suspension, which solves the problem that the dispersion efficiency of the high-density coal suspension is poor and thus affects the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone body.

[0019] 5. This invention, through the setting of a pressurizing device, in conjunction with three sets of contact switches arranged from top to bottom within the rectangular trough, when the density of the coal suspension in the feed pipe increases and it shifts downward, the L-shaped plate, along with the movement of the baffle and sliding rod, allows the arc-shaped plate to sequentially press the three sets of contact switches from top to bottom. This, in turn, controls the pumping pressure of the external conveying pump in real time as the density of the coal suspension in the feed pipe increases. The pumping pressure increases when the density of the coal suspension increases and gradually recovers when the density decreases, ensuring stable delivery of the coal suspension and solving the problem of insufficient pumping pressure affecting the normal sorting function of the hydrocyclone.

[0020] 6. By setting the opening groove in a triangular shape, the gap of the opening groove gradually increases from bottom to top. When the L-shaped plate moves downward due to the influence of the coal suspension with increased density on the stabilizing plate, the opening groove gradually exposes the opening of the air inlet cylinder. This solves the problem that the air inlet cylinder cannot enter the air in time when the density of the coal suspension in the feed pipe increases, thus failing to ensure the conveying speed of the coal suspension. As a result, the coal suspension can be normally separated in the hydrocyclone body. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the feed pipe of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the feed pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unblocking device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stabilizing disk structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end of the baffle of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the air intake cylinder of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Hydrocyclone body; 2. Feed pipe; 3. Heavy ore outlet; 4. Concentrate outlet; 5. Unblocking device; 51. Fixing ring; 52. Sleeve; 53. Slide rod; 54. Baffle; 55. Return spring; 56. Impedance plate; 57. Guide cone; 531. Mounting ring; 532. Small spring; 533. Deceleration ring; 571. Triangular groove; 572. Spiral belt; 573. Arc groove; 6. Pressurizing device; 61. Sliding table; 62. Rectangular groove; 63. L-shaped plate; 64. Opening groove; 65. Air inlet; 66. Limiting ring; 67. Ventilation cylinder; 68. Connecting spring; 69. Arc opening; 610. Air inlet; 611. Spiral guide belt; 7. Pressurizing device; 71. Adjusting groove; 72. Arc plate; 73. Contact switch. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a heavy medium cyclone for coal preparation with stable separation, including a cyclone body 1, a feed pipe 2 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the side of the cyclone body 1, a heavy ore outlet 3 opened at the end of the cyclone body 1 away from the feed pipe 2, and a concentrate outlet 4 opened at the end of the cyclone body 1 close to the feed pipe 2. The feed pipe 2 is provided with a clearing device 5 for adjusting the dispersion efficiency according to the density of the coal suspension. The clearing device 5 includes a fixing ring 51, a sleeve 52, a slide rod 53, a baffle 54, a return spring 55, a blocking disc 56, a guide cone 57, a triangular groove 571, a spiral band 572, an arc groove 573, an installation ring 531, a small spring 532, and a deceleration ring 533.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, a fixing ring 51 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe 2, a sleeve 52 is fixedly installed at the center of the fixing ring 51, a slide rod 53 is slidably installed at the center of the sleeve 52, a baffle 54 is fixedly installed at the top of the slide rod 53, a return spring 55 is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the baffle 54 and the outer wall of the feed pipe 2, a blocking disc 56 is slidably connected at the bottom of the slide rod 53, a guide cone 57 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the blocking disc 56, a triangular groove 571 is provided on the inner wall of the guide cone 57, a spiral band 572 is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped outer surface of the guide cone 57, an arc groove 573 is provided on the arc-shaped outer wall at the bottom of the guide cone 57, an installation ring 531 is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped outer wall at the bottom of the slide rod 53, a small spring 532 is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the installation ring 531 and the top inner wall of the blocking disc 56, and a deceleration ring 533 is fixedly installed on the side of the installation ring 531.

[0025] Furthermore, the hydrocyclone body 1 includes a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The small-diameter end is located near the heavy ore outlet 3, and the large-diameter end is located near the concentrate outlet 4. The hydrocyclone body 1 is inclined with the large-diameter end facing upwards, so that the coal suspension entering the hydrocyclone body 1 can discharge coals of different weights from the heavy ore outlet 3 and the concentrate outlet 4 respectively, thereby facilitating coal beneficiation. At the same time, the feed pipe 2 is L-shaped, and the connection between the feed pipe 2 and the hydrocyclone body 1 is tangential to the hydrocyclone body 1. Thus, under the pressure of the external pump, the coal suspension in the feed pipe 2 can be discharged from the hydrocyclone body 1. The tangential direction of the input is to the hydrocyclone body 1, and through the influence of the internal structure of the hydrocyclone body 1, a high-speed rotating strong vortex is formed. At this time, a descending outer spiral flow is formed on the side near the inner wall of the hydrocyclone body 1, while an ascending inner spiral flow is formed in the central region. The inner spiral flow draws in air due to negative pressure, forming a penetrating air column. When the density of coal particles is greater than that of the suspension, they move outward spiral flow under the action of centrifugal force and are eventually discharged outward through the heavy ore outlet 3. Meanwhile, the less dense coal particles move centripetally into the inner spiral flow and are eventually discharged through the concentrate outlet 4. The centrifugal force generated can be dozens of times that of gravity, which significantly improves the separation efficiency.

[0026] Please refer to the attached instruction manual. Figures 3-6 The inner diameter of the fixing ring 51 is matched with the inner diameter of the feed pipe 2, so that the installation of the fixing ring 51 will not interfere with the normal feeding of the feed pipe 2. At the same time, the top end of the slide rod 53 passes through the feed pipe 2 and is slidably connected to the feed pipe 2, and the outer diameter of the slide rod 53 is matched with the inner diameter of the sleeve 52. There are two sets of slide rods 53, and the two sets of slide rods 53 are mirror images of each other on the left and right sides of the center of the fixing ring 51, so that the force on the blocking plate 56 is more stable. Furthermore, a flat block is provided at the top end of the feed pipe 2 to facilitate the installation of the return spring 55, and the baffle 54 is set horizontally. At the same time, the bottom end of the slide rod 53 passes through the top inner wall of the blocking plate 56 and is connected to the inner diameter of the blocking plate 56. 6. A sliding connection is provided so that the stagnation disk 56 will slide relative to the slide rod 53 in the vertical direction when impacted by the coal mine suspension. Specifically, the guide cone 57 includes a conical section and a cylindrical section. The cylindrical section is rotatably installed at the center of the stagnation disk 56, and the conical section is positioned above the stagnation disk 56. This allows the guide cone 57 to have a certain diversion effect on the coal mine suspension flowing from top to bottom. At the same time, the impact of the coal mine suspension on the guide cone 57 will cause it to move downwards. Furthermore, due to the stagnation disk 56 being installed inside the feed pipe 2, when the density of the coal mine suspension increases, the thrust on the stagnation disk 56 will also increase, causing the slide rod 53 to move downwards a greater distance.

[0027] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the mounting ring 531 is matched with the outer diameter of the slide rod 53, and in the initial state, the lower surface of the mounting ring 531 is in contact with the bottom inner wall of the stag disk 56. Simultaneously, the small spring 532 is sleeved on the outer surface of the slide rod 53, allowing the slide rod 53 to restrict the elastic deformation direction of the small spring 532, ensuring it can only deform in the vertical direction and preventing horizontal deflection. Further, the arc-shaped groove 573 is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top, and a rubber ring is provided on the arc-shaped inner surface of the deceleration ring 533 to increase the contact efficiency between the inner surface of the deceleration ring 533 and the outer surface of the bottom cylindrical section of the guide cone 57. Specifically, in the initial state, the deceleration ring 533 and the guide cone 57... As the outer surfaces of the cylindrical sections press against each other, the stabilizing disk 56 moves downwards due to the impact of the coal mine suspension. As the density of the coal mine suspension increases, the relative sliding distance between the stabilizing disk 56 and the slide rod 53 also increases. This continues until the mounting ring 531 drives the deceleration ring 533 to slide upwards from the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 573. This gradually reduces the deceleration effect of the deceleration ring 533 on the arc-shaped groove 573 and the guide cone 57. As the density of the coal mine suspension increases, the guide cone 57 can rotate faster, thereby diverting and centrifugally dispersing the coal mine suspension at the center of the feed pipe 2. This reduces the density of the coal mine suspension to a certain extent, allowing it to be better separated by swirling flow.

[0028] Meanwhile, multiple sets of triangular grooves 571 are arranged in a circular array and evenly distributed on the arc-shaped outer surface of the guide cone 57. Multiple sets of spiral bands 572 are also arranged in a spiral array on the arc-shaped outer wall of the guide cone 57. The spiral bands 572, when subjected to external pumping thrust, impact the spiral bands 572 as they pass through the guide cone 57, causing the guide cone 57 to rotate within the stagnation disk 56. This disperses the coal suspension, preventing excessive density and ensuring efficient coal sorting when input along the tangential direction of the hydrocyclone body 1.

[0029] Please refer to the attached instruction manual. Figure 4 as well as Figures 7-8A pressurizing device 6 is installed on the outside of the feed pipe 2, which controls the air intake of the feed pipe 2 based on the motion feedback of the unblocking device 5 to accelerate the coal mine suspension. The pressurizing device 6 includes a sliding table 61, which is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the feed pipe 2. A rectangular groove 62 is opened on the outer surface of the sliding table 61. An L-shaped plate 63 is fixedly installed on the side of the baffle 54. An opening groove 64 is opened on the inner wall of the L-shaped plate 63. A [missing information - likely a device name] is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe 2. An air inlet 65 has a limit ring 66 fixedly installed on its arc-shaped inner wall. A ventilator 67 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the air inlet 65. A connecting spring 68 is fixedly connected to the end face of the ventilator 67 and the side wall of the limit ring 66. An arc-shaped opening 69 is provided on the arc-shaped outer wall of the ventilator 67. An air inlet 610 is provided on the inner wall of the ventilator 67 near the feed pipe 2. A spiral guide belt 611 is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped inner surface of the feed pipe 2.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the width of the L-shaped plate 63 is adapted to the width of the rectangular groove 62. During the up-and-down movement of the slide rod 53 in the feed pipe 2, the baffle 54 is used to drive the L-shaped plate 63 to move in the vertical direction. In the initial state, the L-shaped plate 63 blocks the end face of the air inlet cylinder 65. Further, the air inlet cylinder 65 includes a central straight cylinder and discs fixedly installed at both ends of the straight cylinder. The diameter of the discs is adapted to the inner diameter of the air inlet cylinder 65, and the outer diameter of the straight cylinder is adapted to the inner diameter of the limiting ring 66. At the same time, the connecting spring 68 is sleeved on the arc-shaped outer surface of the straight cylinder. Meanwhile, there are multiple sets of arc-shaped openings 69, and the multiple sets of arc-shaped openings 69 are arranged in a circumferential array on the arc-shaped outer surface of the vent cylinder 67. In the initial state, the arc-shaped openings 69 and the limiting ring 66 are arranged in the same plane. Specifically, the end of the air inlet 610 is in contact with the outer surface of the limiting ring 66 to ensure the sealing of the air inlet cylinder 65 in the initial state.

[0031] Specifically, the coal mine suspension flows rapidly within the feed pipe 2 due to the pressure from the external pump. According to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure inside the feed pipe 2 is lower than that of the external environment. At this time, under the action of the L-shaped plate 63, the end of the air inlet cylinder 65 is in contact with the L-shaped plate 63, and the air inlet cylinder 65 is in a non-air-intake state. However, when the density of the coal mine suspension transported in the feed pipe 2 is too high, the high-density coal mine suspension will exert a downward thrust on the stagnation plate 56. At this time, driven by the slide rod 53 and the baffle 54, the L-shaped plate 63 moves downward, causing the opening slot 64 to protrude from the end of the air inlet cylinder 65. Since the feed pipe 2 is under negative pressure, the vent cylinder 67 will move towards the feed pipe 2 side within the air inlet cylinder 65, thereby allowing the arc-shaped opening 69 and the air inlet to... When the inlet 610 is connected, air from the external environment enters the feed pipe 2 under the influence of negative pressure. Furthermore, the spiral direction of the spiral guide belt 611 is opposite to the direction of the spiral belt 572 on the arc surface of the guide cone 57, thereby promoting a better mixing effect between the coal suspension inside and outside the feed pipe 2. The air input from the air inlet 65 is drawn into the spirally moving coal suspension. Due to the pressure, the drawn-in air and the coal suspension are mixed to form a gas-liquid two-phase flow. Through the inertia of the fluid, the kinetic energy of the mixed fluid increases, so that the denser coal suspension can also maintain a high flow velocity when entering the hydrocyclone body 1, avoiding the decrease in flow velocity from affecting the normal separation effect of the hydrocyclone body 1.

[0032] Please refer to the attached instruction manual. Figure 4 as well as Figure 7 The outer side of the L-shaped plate 63 is provided with a pressurizing device 7 that controls the pumping pressure setting of the conveying pump connected to the end of the feed pipe 2 and the air intake volume of the air inlet cylinder 65. The pressurizing device 7 includes an adjusting groove 71, which is opened on the outer wall of the L-shaped plate 63 near the feed pipe 2. An arc plate 72 is fixedly installed at the top of the adjusting groove 71, and a contact switch 73 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular groove 62.

[0033] Specifically, three sets of contact switches 73 are arranged in a linear array and evenly distributed on the inner surface of the rectangular groove 62. The contact switches 73 are electrically connected to an external conveying pump connected to the end of the feed pipe 2. The three sets of contact switches 73 control the pumping pressure of the external conveying pump from top to bottom, with the pressure set to level one, level two, and level three. Level one pumping pressure is the normal operating state. When the density of the coal suspension in the feed pipe 2 increases and it shifts downwards, the L-shaped plate 63, along with the movement of the baffle 54 and the slide rod 53, causes the arc-shaped plate 72 to sequentially press the three sets of contact switches 73 from top to bottom. This allows for real-time control of the external conveying pump's pumping pressure as the density of the coal suspension in the feed pipe 2 increases. The pumping pressure is increased when the density of the coal suspension increases, and gradually restored when the density decreases, ensuring stable delivery of the coal suspension and preventing insufficient pumping pressure from affecting the normal sorting function of the hydrocyclone body 1. Furthermore, the opening groove 64 is triangular, that is, a triangular plate structure is provided on the inner surface of the opening groove 64. It is worth noting that the gap of the opening groove 64 gradually increases from bottom to top. When the L-shaped plate 63 moves downward due to the influence of the increased density of the coal suspension on the stagnation plate 56, the opening groove 64 gradually exposes the opening of the air inlet cylinder 65, thereby ensuring that the air inlet cylinder 65 can promptly intake air when the density of the coal suspension in the feed pipe 2 increases and ensure the delivery speed of the coal suspension, so that it can be normally sorted in the hydrocyclone body 1.

[0034] In this invention, during use, an external conveying pump delivers the coal mine suspension into the hydrocyclone body 1 through the feed pipe 2. Through the swirling separation of the hydrocyclone body 1, a high-speed rotating strong vortex is formed. At this time, a descending outer spiral flow is formed near the inner wall of the hydrocyclone body 1, while an ascending inner spiral flow is formed in the axial region. The inner spiral flow draws in air due to negative pressure, forming a penetrating air column. When the density of the coal particles is greater than the density of the suspension, they move towards the outward spiral flow under centrifugal force and are eventually discharged outward through the heavy ore outlet 3. Meanwhile, the less dense coal particles move centripetally into the inner spiral flow and are eventually discharged through the concentrate outlet 4. Simultaneously, when encountering conveying and separation... When the density of the coal mine suspension increases, the impact of the coal mine suspension on the stagnation plate 56 causes the stagnation plate 56 to move downward in the feed pipe 2, which in turn drives the slide bar 53 and the baffle 54 to move downward. As the density of the coal mine suspension increases, the downward movement distance of the stagnation plate 56 is greater. Furthermore, the impact of the coal mine suspension on the spiral belt 572 causes the guide cone 57 to rotate inside the feed pipe 2, thereby dispersing the high-density coal mine suspension and reducing the density of the local coal mine suspension. This promotes the dispersion of the coal mine suspension, ensuring that when it is input along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the hydrocyclone body 1, the coal sorting efficiency will not be reduced due to excessive density.

[0035] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heavy medium hydrocyclone for coal preparation with stable separation, comprising a hydrocyclone body (1), a feed pipe (2) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the side of the hydrocyclone body (1), a heavy ore outlet (3) opened at the end of the hydrocyclone body (1) away from the feed pipe (2), and a concentrate outlet (4) opened at the end of the hydrocyclone body (1) near the feed pipe (2), characterized in that: The feed pipe (2) is equipped with a dredging device (5) that adjusts the dispersion efficiency according to the density of the coal mine suspension, and the feed pipe (2) is equipped with a pressurizing device (6) that controls the air intake of the feed pipe (2) according to the motion feedback of the dredging device (5) to accelerate the coal mine suspension. The unblocking device (5) includes a fixing ring (51), which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe (2). A sleeve (52) is fixedly installed at the center of the fixing ring (51). A slide rod (53) is slidably installed at the center of the sleeve (52). A baffle (54) is fixedly installed at the top of the slide rod (53). A return spring (55) is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the baffle (54) and the outer wall of the feed pipe (2). A blocking disc (56) is slidably connected at the bottom of the slide rod (53). A guide cone (57) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the blocking disc (56). A triangular groove (571) is opened on the inner wall of the guide cone (57). A spiral band (572) is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped outer surface of the guide cone (57).

2. The heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc groove (573) is provided on the bottom arc-shaped outer wall of the guide cone (57). An installation ring (531) is fixedly installed on the bottom arc-shaped outer wall of the slide rod (53). A small spring (532) is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the installation ring (531) and the top inner wall of the stagnation disk (56). A deceleration ring (533) is fixedly installed on the side of the installation ring (531).

3. A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide cone (57) includes a conical section and a cylindrical section, the cylindrical section being rotatably mounted at the center of the stag disk (56), and the conical section being positioned above the stag disk (56).

4. A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped groove (573) is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top, and a rubber ring is provided on the arc-shaped inner surface of the deceleration ring (533).

5. A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressurizing device (6) includes a sliding table (61), which is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the feed pipe (2). A rectangular groove (62) is provided on the outer surface of the sliding table (61). An L-shaped plate (63) is fixedly installed on the side of the baffle (54). An opening groove (64) is provided on the inner wall of the L-shaped plate (63). An air inlet cylinder (65) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feed pipe (2). A limit ring (66) is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped inner wall of the air inlet cylinder (65). A vent cylinder (67) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the air inlet cylinder (65). A connecting spring (68) is fixedly connected to the end face of the vent cylinder (67) and the side wall of the limit ring (66). An arc-shaped opening (69) is provided on the arc-shaped outer wall of the vent cylinder (67). An air inlet (610) is provided on the inner wall of the vent cylinder (67) near the feed pipe (2).

6. A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spiral guide belt (611) is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped inner surface of the feed pipe (2). The spiral direction of the spiral guide belt (611) is opposite to the direction of the spiral belt (572) on the arc-shaped surface of the guide cone (57).

7. A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air inlet cylinder (65) includes a central straight cylinder and discs fixedly installed at both ends of the straight cylinder. The diameter of the discs is adapted to the inner diameter of the air inlet cylinder (65), and the outer diameter of the straight cylinder is adapted to the inner diameter of the limiting ring (66). Meanwhile, the connecting spring (68) is sleeved on the arc-shaped outer surface of the straight cylinder. The number of arc-shaped openings (69) is set in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of arc-shaped openings (69) are arranged in a circumferential array on the arc-shaped outer surface of the air vent (67). The arc-shaped openings (69) and the limiting ring (66) are arranged in the same plane. The end of the air inlet (610) is in contact with the outer surface of the limiting ring (66).

8. A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer side of the L-shaped plate (63) is provided with a pressurizing device (7) for controlling the pumping pressure level of the conveying pump connected to the end of the feed pipe (2) and the air intake volume of the air inlet cylinder (65). The pressurizing device (7) includes an adjusting groove (71). The adjusting groove (71) is opened on the outer wall of the L-shaped plate (63) near the feed pipe (2). An arc plate (72) is fixedly installed at the top of the adjusting groove (71). A contact switch (73) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular groove (62). The number of contact switches (73) is set to three sets, and the three sets of contact switches (73) are evenly distributed in a linear array on the inner surface of the rectangular groove (62).

9. A heavy medium cyclone separator for stable coal preparation in coal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner surface of the opening groove (64) is provided with a triangular plate-like structure, and the opening groove (64) is arranged with the gap gradually increasing from bottom to top.

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