Plant growing system

Abstract

This invention discloses a plant cultivation system, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation systems. The system includes a cultivation chamber, double-sided supplemental lighting fixtures, multiple cultivation units, and a ventilation system. By centrally arranging double-sided supplemental lighting fixtures within a closed chamber, and layering multiple nutrient return components and multiple inclined cultivation pots on mounting frames on both sides of the fixtures, with the cultivation chambers of the pots inclined towards the supplemental lighting fixtures, and a ventilation system at the top of the chamber, all planting surfaces can receive uniform light and ventilation. Simultaneously, the ventilation system dissipates heat from the lighting fixtures, eliminating the need for additional cooling devices and resulting in lower energy consumption. Compared to traditional flat-layer cultivation, this solution offers higher space utilization efficiency, more efficient use of light resources, complete recycling of nutrient solution, and more uniform overall crop light exposure. Annual yield for the same planting area is significantly higher than traditional methods, while requiring less manpower and lower costs for daily maintenance, making it suitable for large-scale, high-efficiency cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant cultivation system technology, and in particular to a plant cultivation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the iteration of modern agricultural technology, plant cultivation systems, with their advantages of being unconstrained by the natural environment, controllable production cycles, and high yield per unit area, have become the development direction of agricultural planting. In closed plant factories, to increase output per unit area, existing technologies commonly employ multi-layer rack-type flat planting systems. This system achieves initial intensive use of space by vertically stacking multiple horizontal planting layers, each layer independently equipped with cultivation troughs, irrigation pipelines, and overhead supplemental lighting. However, this type of flat planting model has drawbacks: First, planting density is limited. Crops grow upright, and sufficient height needs to be reserved between layers to accommodate the plant canopy, resulting in low vertical space utilization and difficulty in increasing the effective planting area per unit volume; low space utilization limits productivity.

[0003] Secondly, the energy consumption cost is high and the light utilization rate is low. Each floor requires a separate light fixture, which not only results in a large number of fixtures and high initial investment, but also means that the light can only illuminate the plants on the corresponding floor in one direction, leading to insufficient light energy utilization. The overall lighting energy consumption results in high operating costs for the plant factory and high overall system energy consumption.

[0004] Furthermore, the lack of environmental uniformity leads to insufficient quality stability. The dense, flat structure hinders airflow, easily creating ventilation dead zones. The temperature, humidity, and airflow environments of plants in different layers and locations vary significantly, easily forming localized high-temperature and high-humidity microenvironments. This negatively impacts plant health and growth, resulting in poor crop uniformity, significant fluctuations in overall yield and quality, and making standardized production difficult. Simultaneously, the narrow interlayer space restricts plant growth and expansion, easily leading to problems such as plant compression and leaf shading, thus affecting crop growth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a plant cultivation system that provides a novel plant factory architecture with higher space utilization, lower energy consumption, and a more uniform planting environment, in order to meet the demands of modern agriculture for intensive cultivation with high efficiency, high productivity, and low cost.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the plant cultivation system proposed in this invention includes: The planting room has two opposite side walls; At least one double-sided supplemental lighting fixture is disposed in the planting room along the length of the planting room, with the two light-emitting surfaces of each double-sided supplemental lighting fixture facing the two side walls respectively; An air supply device includes a static pressure box and at least two air supply ducts connected to the static pressure box. The static pressure box and the at least two air supply ducts are both located at the top of the planting room. The at least two air supply ducts extend along the length of the planting room and are respectively located on both sides of the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture in the width direction. Each air supply duct has a downward air outlet for sending airflow to the corresponding side. At least two planting units are respectively disposed on both sides of the at least one double-sided supplemental lighting fixture, and an operating channel is formed between the double-sided supplemental lighting fixture and the planting unit; each planting unit includes: The mounting frame is located inside the planting room; Multiple liquid return components extend along the length of the planting chamber and are spaced apart on the mounting frame in the height direction; Multiple planting pots are placed on the liquid return device. There is a ventilation and drainage gap between the bottom of the planting pot and the liquid return device. The planting pot includes at least one cultivation chamber and a drainage structure connecting the cultivation chamber and the ventilation and drainage gap. The cultivation chamber has an inclined wall that extends from the bottom wall to the top opening towards the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture.

[0007] In one embodiment, the system further includes a fruit-dragging support, and each of the liquid return components is provided with a plurality of planting pots along its extension direction; each planting pot is provided with at least one fruit-dragging support and is located on the side where the upper end of the inclined wall is located; the fruit-dragging support is provided with a plurality of limiting holes at different height positions, the limiting holes being used for external accessories to pass through, and to support the fruit that extends outward guided by the inclined wall, so that it is suspended in the air and detached from the surface of the planting pot.

[0008] In one embodiment, the top edge of the inclined wall is provided with an outwardly extending flange, and the flange is provided with at least one mounting hole, through which the fruit-carrying bracket is detachably fixed to the flange.

[0009] In one embodiment, the fruit-carrying bracket includes a rod portion and a support portion, and the limiting hole is provided in the support portion; the rod portion is inserted into and limited by the mounting hole.

[0010] In one embodiment, the planting pot further includes a back plate disposed relative to the inclined wall, the back plate having a hanging part for hanging on the liquid return component.

[0011] In one embodiment, the bottom of the planting pot is provided with a support foot, which lifts the planting pot off the placement surface to form the ventilation and drainage gap.

[0012] In one embodiment, the drainage structure includes a plurality of first drainage holes arranged horizontally and vertically on the bottom wall.

[0013] In one embodiment, the drainage structure includes a plurality of second drainage holes disposed on the lower part of the cavity wall of the cultivation chamber and a plurality of guide channels communicating with the second drainage holes and extending away from the second drainage holes, wherein one of the guide channels is in communication with one of the second drainage holes.

[0014] In one embodiment, the system further includes a drip irrigation system, which includes a drip irrigation tape, and the planting pot is provided with mounting claws to limit and fix the drip irrigation tape above the planting pot.

[0015] In one embodiment, the liquid return element includes: Bottom bearing section; and The first side section extends upward from one side edge of the bottom bearing section; The second side section extends upward from the other edge of the bottom support section; the first side section and the second side section are arranged opposite each other along the length direction of the bottom support section, and an upward-facing groove is formed between their tops; the bottom support section is provided with a liquid return channel along its length direction, and the planting pot can be placed on the bottom support section through the groove, and the liquid seeping out of the planting pot flows into the liquid return channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, the upward extension height of the first side segment from the bottom bearing segment is greater than the upward extension height of the second side segment.

[0017] In one embodiment, the return fluid guide channel is a longitudinal groove formed along the length direction in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom bearing section. A first support platform and a second support platform are formed on both sides of the longitudinal groove. The upper surfaces of the first support platform and the second support platform are higher than the bottom of the return fluid guide channel and can be used to support the planting pot.

[0018] In one embodiment, the inner surfaces of the first side section and / or the second side section are respectively provided with inwardly protruding limiting ribs, which extend along the length of the groove and are used to restrict the movement of the planting pot within the groove opening.

[0019] In one embodiment, the static pressure box has an air inlet and at least two air outlets; the air inlet is connected to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit, and the air outlets are detachably connected to the air supply duct.

[0020] In one embodiment, both the static pressure box and the air supply duct are made of flexible fiber fabric material.

[0021] In one embodiment, the air outlet is detachably connected to the corresponding air supply duct via a zipper.

[0022] In one embodiment, the static pressure box includes a main body and a side panel, the side panel being detachably connected to the main body, and the air outlet being disposed on the side panel.

[0023] In one embodiment, the side panel and the main body of the box are detachably connected by a zipper.

[0024] In one embodiment, the top of the static pressure chamber is provided with a lifting part, which is mounted on the planting chamber by fasteners.

[0025] The technical solution of this invention involves arranging double-sided supplemental lighting fixtures along the length direction and planting units on both sides. A single set of lights can simultaneously serve both planting surfaces, replacing the inefficient traditional flat-layer planting method of independent lighting for each layer. A single set of lights plus double-sided planting units forms a standardized module. In large-scale plant factory scenarios, multiple sets of these standard modules can be directly arranged at intervals along the width direction, allowing for horizontal expansion of the planting scale without adjusting the core structure. The inclined walls of the planting pot cultivation chamber extend from the bottom wall towards the top opening towards the double-sided supplemental lighting fixtures, guiding the plants to grow obliquely upwards and avoiding vertical shading by adjacent layers. This significantly reduces the reserved height between layers while ensuring sufficient growth space for the plants, thereby increasing the vertical planting density. The planting units are arranged vertically with multiple layers of sap return components and planting pots, transforming the planting surface from a traditional horizontal layered structure to a vertical wall-like structure, fully utilizing the vertical space and further increasing the planting area per unit space. Thus, the effective planting area per unit space is increased compared to traditional flat-layer planting, and the unit planting density and unit yield are simultaneously increased, fully releasing the spatial capacity of the container / plant factory and directly solving the problems of low planting volume and limited production capacity in existing technologies. Furthermore, the modular structure is highly compatible, suitable for both single-container independent planting scenarios and large-scale planting needs of large plant factories through horizontal arrangement of multiple modules, reducing the design and construction costs of large-scale expansion and meeting the development needs of modern agriculture for high efficiency and high productivity.

[0026] The planting units in each module are located on both sides of the light fixture, forming a complete, continuous operating channel between the modules and the light fixture, eliminating the obstruction of interlayered spaces inherent in flat planting. Individual planting pots can be removed and placed independently, and maintenance and harvesting operations are not limited by interlayer height. Plants grow obliquely towards the light fixture along the sloping wall, expanding the growth space from the vertical interlayered area to a laterally open area, without the obstruction of upper planting shelves. This significantly increases the operating space compared to traditional flat planting, allowing workers to stand and complete planting and harvesting operations across the entire height range, greatly reducing the difficulty and labor costs of manual operation and solving the problems of cramped harvesting space and inconvenient operation in existing technologies. Simultaneously, the plant growth space is not limited by shelves, allowing individual crops to grow freely and avoiding leaf compression and mutual shading, providing ample space for high crop yields.

[0027] Each double-sided supplemental lighting fixture has two emitting surfaces facing the planting units on both sides. One set of lights can simultaneously illuminate multiple layers of planting pots on both sides, replacing the traditional configuration of one light per layer in single-layer planting. All the sloping walls of the planting pots are tilted towards the light fixtures, ensuring the plant's light-receiving surface faces the emitting surface, avoiding light scattering and waste. This improves light utilization, reduces overall lighting energy consumption, lowers the operating costs of the plant cultivation system, and solves the problems of existing technologies requiring lights per layer, low light utilization, and high energy consumption. Furthermore, the uniformity of light reception distance and intensity for all plants is significantly improved, resulting in better crop growth uniformity and increased product quality stability.

[0028] The static pressure box is equipped with two air supply ducts located on either side of the double-sided supplemental lighting fixtures along its entire length. Each duct has multiple downward air outlets, ensuring uniform airflow throughout the entire length. A ventilation and drainage gap is provided between the bottom of the planting pot and the nutrient return unit, allowing airflow to penetrate the planting layer and achieve vertical ventilation throughout the planting area. After the air from both sides reaches the planting area, it flows upward along the central channel, forming an orderly airflow circulation throughout the box, eliminating any dead zones. This solves the problems of poor air permeability and significant differences in growing environments found in existing technologies. The ventilation and drainage gaps also allow for the rapid removal of excess nutrient solution and root aeration, reducing the incidence of root diseases and further ensuring healthy and rapid crop growth. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the plant cultivation system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the plant cultivation system provided by the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment after the removal of the planting chamber; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment after removing the planting unit; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment in which a planting pot is placed in a liquid return device; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a structure with multiple planting pots arranged in sequence; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a planting pot; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the planting pot; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fruit-carrying support; Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the liquid return component and mounting bracket; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the liquid return component; Figure 16 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a local structure in the image; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the static pressure box and air supply duct; Figure 18 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a static pressure chamber; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the static pressure chamber; Figure 20 This is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the static pressure chamber.

[0031] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Planting room; 120. Side wall; 130. Operating passage; 200. Mounting bracket; 300. Liquid return component; 310. Bottom bearing section; 311. Liquid return guide channel; 312. First support platform; 313. Second support platform; 314. Drainage slope; 320. First side section; 321. Limiting rib; 330. Second side section; 340. Groove opening; 350. Reinforcing rib; 400. Planting pot; 401. Cultivation chamber; 411. Bottom wall; 412. Inclined wall; 413. Support leg; 414. Back plate; 415. Flanged edge; 416. Mounting hole; 420. Hanging part; 430. Mounting claw; 440. Drainage structure; 441. First drainage hole; 442. Second drainage hole; 443. Guide channel; 450. Fruit support bracket; 451. Rod body; 452. Support part; 453. Limiting hole; 460. External accessories; 500. Double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures; 600. Air supply device; 610. Air supply duct; 620. Static pressure box; 621. Box body; 622. Side panel; 623. Air inlet; 624. Air outlet; 630. CO2 replenishment device; 640. Air conditioning unit; G, ventilation and drainage gap; L, length; W, width; H, height.

[0032] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0035] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0036] This invention proposes a plant cultivation system.

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 6 In one embodiment of the present invention, the plant cultivation system includes a cultivation chamber 100, a double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500, multiple cultivation units, and an air supply device 600.

[0038] The planting chamber 100 has two opposing side walls 120 inside, and at least one double-sided supplementary light fixture 500 is arranged in the planting chamber 100 along the length L of the planting chamber 100, with the two light-emitting surfaces of each double-sided supplementary light fixture 500 facing the two side walls 120 respectively.

[0039] The plant cultivation system described in this article refers to a closed cultivation system with modular design and independent environmental control capabilities. Its enclosure structure (cultivation room) can be a container, metal cabin, insulated panel house, concrete room, or functional compartment within a large plant factory.

[0040] Taking a container-type plant factory as an example, at least one double-sided supplemental light is installed inside the container / planting box along its length L (from the door to the back). The two light-emitting surfaces of this light face the left and right walls respectively. The double-sided light emits light from both sides simultaneously, illuminating the planting areas on the left and right sides. The length L of the light is the same as the length L of the box, ensuring that all planting positions from the beginning to the end of the box are evenly illuminated, avoiding uneven brightness. The light-emitting surfaces face the planting area, allowing all plants to receive vertically directed light, maximizing light energy utilization.

[0041] Compared to the traditional method of placing a single light above each layer of the planting rack, with the light pointing downwards and only illuminating the plants on the layer below, this solution illuminates the plants on both the left and right sides, allowing one light to simultaneously illuminate multiple layers of plants on both the left and right walls.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In small container scenarios, a single double-sided supplemental light placed in the center of the container is usually sufficient to cover the planting area on both sides of the entire wall, making it the lowest-cost standard configuration.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 In large-scale plant factory scenarios, multiple units with double-sided lights and planting areas on both sides can be arranged side by side along the width W direction. For example, placing 3 lights will result in 6 planting walls. The scale can be expanded infinitely while the core layout logic remains unchanged.

[0044] Specifically, the air supply device 600 includes a static pressure box 620 and at least two air supply ducts 610. The static pressure box 620 and the at least two air supply ducts 610 are both located on the top of the planting room 100. The at least two air supply ducts 610 extend along the length L direction of the planting room 100 and are respectively located on both sides of at least one double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500 in the width W direction. Each air supply duct 610 is provided with a downward air outlet for sending airflow to the corresponding side and carrying away the heat generated by the light-emitting surface of the corresponding double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500. The entire air supply system consists of one static pressure box 620 and at least two air supply ducts 610, all installed on the top surface of the container / planting box; both ducts are arranged along the long side of the box (from the front to the back), and are hung on the left and right sides of the central double-sided supplemental light; each duct has a row of downward air outlets at the bottom, and the air blown out will blow directly to the plant planting area on the corresponding side, while also carrying away the heat emitted from the surface of the supplemental light next to it.

[0045] The function of the 620 static pressure box is to stabilize and even out the airflow from the fan, preventing sudden fluctuations in air velocity and ensuring that the outlet pressure and air volume of the two air ducts are completely consistent, avoiding the problem of one side having a stronger airflow than the other. The air ducts are arranged along the entire length L, and with downward air outlets that are evenly spaced throughout, it can achieve full air supply coverage to all planting positions from the beginning to the end of the box, without any dead corners in ventilation.

[0046] The air ducts are located on both sides of the lights and directly above the planting area. The downward airflow falls directly onto the plant leaves (air delivery reaches the plant canopy) and precisely delivers CO2 to the crops, making it more efficient than traditional top-mounted airflow systems. Furthermore, the air ducts are positioned adjacent to the grow lights, so the airflow first sweeps across the light-emitting surface of the lights, directly carrying away the heat generated during operation. This prevents localized high temperatures near the lights from scorching the top plants, while also reducing heat dissipation costs and extending the lifespan of the lights. The downward airflow from the side ducts, after reaching the planting area, flows upwards along the channel containing the central lights, creating an orderly "downward-to-upward" airflow circulation. This results in greater temperature and humidity uniformity at different heights (H) and locations within the enclosure, avoiding the ventilation dead zones common in traditional flat-layer planting.

[0047] Compared to other solutions that typically use top-mounted or side-wall air supply, which can lead to turbulent airflow, uneven ventilation within the plant canopy, and reliance on natural cooling or separate cooling fans for light fixtures, resulting in increased energy consumption and costs, this solution offers directional dual-sided air supply. Each planting area has its own independent air supply channel, ensuring even airflow to all plants. Simultaneously, the air supply from the planting area also provides cooling for the light fixtures, eliminating the need for additional cooling devices and resulting in lower energy consumption.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a single container scenario, one static pressure box (620) is equipped with two air ducts and a set of double-sided supplementary lights in the middle, which can just cover the planting areas on the left and right sides. This is the standard minimum unit configuration.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 In large-scale plant factory scenarios: for every additional set of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500, at least one additional air supply duct 610 is required. All ducts can share one large static pressure box 620. When scaling up, there is no need to redesign the air supply system, and the cost is very low.

[0050] Specifically, taking two sets of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500 as an example; the number of air supply ducts 610 is the same as the number of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500, that is, there are two air supply ducts 610. Each air supply duct 610 corresponds to a set of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500, and extends beyond the double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500 on both sides in the width direction of each double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500. Each air supply duct 610 has an air outlet corresponding to the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500. The air outlet is used to send airflow to the planting area on the corresponding side and remove the heat generated by the corresponding light-emitting surface of the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500.

[0051] The number of air supply ducts 610 is one more than the number of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500, that is, the number of air supply ducts 610 is three. The air supply ducts 610 between the two double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500 are equipped with two air outlets, which correspond to the two adjacent light-emitting surfaces of the two double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500 respectively. In this way, while ensuring the planting effect, the limited planting space is rationally utilized and the material and layout costs are reduced.

[0052] Similarly, with three sets of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500, the number of air supply ducts 610 is the same as the number of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500, that is, three. Each air supply duct 610 has two air outlets, corresponding to the two light-emitting surfaces of one set of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500. Alternatively, the number of air supply ducts 610 is one more than the number of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500, that is, four air supply ducts 610 correspond to three sets of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures, and the air supply duct 610 located between two double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500 has two air outlets, corresponding to the two adjacent light-emitting surfaces of the two double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500. Or, if space permits, one set of double-sided supplementary lighting fixtures 500 corresponds to two air supply ducts 610. That is, each double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500 has two air supply ducts 610 on both sides.

[0053] Furthermore, at least two planting units are respectively disposed on both sides of at least one double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500, and an operation channel 130 is formed between the double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500 and the planting unit; each planting unit includes: Mounting frame 200 is installed inside planting room 100; Multiple liquid return components 300 extend along the length L of the planting chamber 100 and are spaced apart on the mounting frame 200 in the height H direction; Multiple planting pots 400 are placed on each liquid return component 300. There is a ventilation and drainage gap G between the bottom of the planting pot 400 and the corresponding liquid return component 300. The planting pot 400 includes at least one cultivation chamber 401. The cultivation chamber 401 has an inclined wall 412 that extends from the bottom wall 411 toward the top opening toward the double-sided supplementary light fixture 500. The planting pot 400 is provided with a drainage structure 440 that connects the cultivation chamber 401 and the ventilation and drainage gap G.

[0054] Specifically, each side of the double-sided supplemental light has one planting unit, and the space between the light and the planting units on both sides is the worker's operating passage 130. Each planting unit consists of three parts: a mounting frame 200, a nutrient return unit 300, and multiple planting pots 400. The mounting frame 200 (equivalent to the skeleton of the planting frame) is fixed in the chamber. Multiple nutrient return units 300 are arranged along the long side of the box and are layered at certain intervals from bottom to top on the mounting frame 200 to receive the planting pots 400 and excess nutrient solution. Multiple planting pots 400 are placed on each layer of nutrient return units 300, and gaps are left between the bottom of the pot and the nutrient return units 300 for ventilation and drainage. Each planting pot 400 has at least one planting chamber, and the side wall of the chamber slopes upward from the bottom of the pot towards the central supplemental light to guide the plant to grow in the direction of the light. There are also drainage holes at the bottom of the pot to drain excess nutrient solution in the chamber into the ventilation and drainage gap G below.

[0055] Because the double-sided light is in the center, with operation channels 130 on both sides and the planting unit on the outermost side, workers can simultaneously take care of the planting layers on both sides while standing in the middle channel, without having to go around to the sides of the chamber to work, thus shortening the operation path. Operation channel 130 is also an airflow return channel. After the air is supplied downward by the top duct, the airflow goes upward along the channel, forming a complete air circulation and preventing drafts.

[0056] The nutrient solution return unit 300 simultaneously serves as a support, nutrient solution return point, and ventilation unit. Specifically, each layer of the nutrient solution return unit 300 can hold a whole row of planting pots 400, and installation and disassembly are very convenient, eliminating the need for individual supports for each pot. Meanwhile, excess nutrient solution drained from the planting pots 400 falls into the nutrient solution return unit 300 and flows along the continuous return channel to the recycling system, preventing nutrient solution leakage and contamination of the tank environment. Furthermore, the gap between the nutrient solution return unit 300 and the bottom of the pots serves as a ventilation channel running through the entire layer, allowing airflow to pass through and providing aeration to the plant roots, preventing root suffocation.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a single container scenario, one set of double-sided lights is paired with two planting units, and the operating aisle is 130mm wide with a reserved width of 60-80cm, which is just right for single-person operation and is the lowest-cost standard configuration.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 In large-scale plant factory scenarios, each additional set of double-sided lights corresponds to two additional planting units. The operation channel 130 can be shared, and there are no restrictions on module splicing. When scaling up, there is no need to adjust the structure of a single unit.

[0059] In addition, by adjusting the interlayer spacing of the return liquid component 300 and the angle of the inclined wall 412 of the planting pot 400, it can be adapted to crops of different heights and growth habits, such as leafy vegetables, strawberries, and Chinese herbal medicines, making it highly versatile.

[0060] This plan is particularly suitable for crops with creeping, drooping, or fruit-supporting characteristics, such as strawberries, tomatoes (cherry tomatoes), dwarf peppers, basil, and mint. Taking strawberries as an example: Strawberry fruits naturally droop after ripening. In traditional horizontal planting troughs, the fruits easily come into contact with the damp substrate or trough walls, leading to a high incidence of gray mold and soft rot, resulting in spoiled fruit. In this invention, the cultivation chamber 401 has its side wall facing the central channel extending upwards from the bottom towards the opening, causing the strawberry plant's inflorescences and fruits to grow outwards along the inclined surface (i.e., towards the operating channel 130), suspended outside the trough. The inclined cultivation chamber 401 guides the fruits outwards, preventing them from contacting the cultivation substrate or trough walls, maintaining dryness and ventilation; direct sunlight can reach the fruit surface, promoting sugar accumulation and coloring.

[0061] The central aisle provides ample space for operation and lighting. Specifically, the operating aisle 130 between the two planting walls not only facilitates manual harvesting but also provides unobstructed side lighting and air circulation for the strawberry fruit. Combined with the centrally located double-sided supplemental lighting fixtures 500, light can evenly illuminate the fruit from the side, avoiding the "leaf shading" phenomenon caused by traditional top lighting. In this way, the fruit receives uniform light, and the airflow in the aisle accelerates water evaporation from the fruit surface, inhibiting disease.

[0062] In summary, the technical solution of this invention, by arranging the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500 along the length L direction and planting units on both sides, allows a single set of lights to simultaneously serve both planting surfaces, replacing the inefficient traditional method of independent lighting for each layer in flat planting. A single set of lights plus the double-sided planting units form a standardized module. In large-scale plant factory scenarios, multiple sets of these standard modules can be directly arranged at intervals along the width W direction, allowing for horizontal expansion of the planting scale without adjusting the core structure. Furthermore, the inclined wall 412 of the cultivation chamber 401 of the planting pot 400 extends obliquely from the bottom wall 411 towards the top opening towards the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500, guiding the plants to grow obliquely upwards and avoiding vertical shading by adjacent layers. This significantly reduces the reserved height H between layers while ensuring sufficient space for plant growth, thereby increasing the vertical planting density. The planting unit arranges multiple layers of liquid return components 300 and planting pots 400 vertically, transforming the planting surface from a traditional horizontal layered structure to a vertical wall-like structure, fully utilizing the vertical space and further increasing the planting area per unit space. In this way, the effective planting area per unit space is increased compared to traditional flat planting, and the planting density and yield per unit area are increased simultaneously, fully releasing the spatial capacity of container / plant factory and directly solving the problems of limited planting volume and limited production capacity of existing technologies. Moreover, the modular structure has extremely strong compatibility, which is suitable for independent planting scenarios in a single container, and can also be adapted to the large-scale planting needs of large plant factories through horizontal arrangement of multiple modules, reducing the design and construction costs of large-scale expansion and meeting the development needs of modern agriculture for high efficiency and high productivity.

[0063] The planting units of each module are located on both sides of the light fixture, forming a complete through-type operation channel 130 between the module and the light fixture, eliminating the obstruction of interlayer space in flat planting. Individual planting pots 400 can be independently removed and placed, and maintenance and harvesting operations are not limited by the interlayer height H. Plants grow obliquely towards the light fixture along the inclined wall 412, expanding the growth space from the vertical interlayer area to a laterally open area, without the obstruction of upper planting shelves. This increases the operating space compared to traditional flat planting, allowing workers to stand and complete planting and harvesting operations across the entire height H, significantly reducing the difficulty and labor costs of manual operation and solving the problems of cramped harvesting space and inconvenient operation in existing technologies. At the same time, the plant growth space is not limited by shelves, allowing individual crops to grow freely and avoiding leaf compression and mutual shading, providing ample space for high crop yields.

[0064] Each double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500 has two emitting surfaces facing the planting units on both sides. One set of fixtures can simultaneously illuminate the multi-layered planting pots 400 on both sides, replacing the traditional configuration of one fixture per layer in flat planting. The inclined walls 412 of all planting pots 400 are tilted towards the lighting fixtures, ensuring that the plant's light-receiving surface faces the emitting surface, avoiding light scattering and waste. This improves light utilization, reduces overall lighting energy consumption, lowers the operating costs of the plant cultivation system, and solves the problems of existing technologies that require lighting fixtures for each layer, have low light utilization, and high energy consumption. Furthermore, the uniformity of light reception distance and intensity for all plants is significantly improved, resulting in better crop growth uniformity and increased product quality stability.

[0065] The static pressure box 620 is equipped with two air supply ducts 610 located on either side of the double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500 in the width W direction, arranged along the entire length L. Each duct has multiple downward air outlets, enabling uniform air supply throughout the entire length L. A ventilation and drainage gap G is reserved between the bottom of the planting pot 400 and the nutrient return component 300, allowing airflow to penetrate the planting layer and achieve vertical ventilation throughout the planting area. After the air supply from both sides reaches the planting area downwards, it flows upwards along the central channel, forming an orderly airflow circulation throughout the box without any dead corners. This solves the problems of poor air permeability and large differences in growth environment in existing technologies. The ventilation and drainage gap G also enables the rapid discharge of excess nutrient solution and root aeration, reducing the incidence of root diseases and further ensuring healthy and rapid crop growth.

[0066] Reference Figures 7 to 13 An introduction to the structure of the 400 planting pot.

[0067] To address the compatibility issues between different crops and different growth stages, as well as to solve the problems of fruit rotting due to contact with the substrate / planting pot 400 and insufficient light and uneven coloring of the fruit.

[0068] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 Specifically, the planting pot 400 includes a bottom wall 411 and at least one inclined wall 412 arranged along the length L of the bottom wall 411. The inclined wall 412 extends obliquely from the bottom wall 411 toward the top opening towards the outside of the cultivation chamber 401, so that the cultivation chamber 401 forms a gradually widening space from the bottom wall 411 to the top opening, which guides the strawberry plant to grow obliquely upward along the inclined wall 412 and allows the fruit to naturally protrude outward. The fruit support 450 is provided on the side where the upper inclined wall 412 is located.

[0069] Reference Figure 7A row of planting pots 400 is arranged along the length L on each layer of liquid return unit 300. Each planting pot 400 is equipped with at least one fruit support 450, which is installed at the upper end of the inclined wall 412 of the planting pot 400 (that is, the side near the central supplemental light and where the plant extends outward). The fruit support 450 has multiple limiting holes 453 of different heights H, which can be used to hang external accessories 460 such as fruit hooks, ropes, and support nets as needed to support the fruit growing outward along the inclined wall 412, so that the fruit is suspended in the air and does not touch the surface of the planting pot 400.

[0070] Firstly, after fruiting crops such as strawberries, tomatoes, and cucumbers bear fruit, if the fruit hangs on the surface of the planting pot 400, in contact with the moist substrate or pot wall, it is very susceptible to gray mold and soft rot. Traditional planting methods require regular manual handling of the fruit, which is very labor-intensive, and the rate of rotten fruit is usually above 15%. By using a fruit-dragging support 450 to suspend the fruit in the air and completely prevent it from contacting the moist surface, the rate of rotten fruit can be reduced to less than 3%.

[0071] Secondly, in traditional flat-layer planting, most fruits hang below the leaves and on the shaded side, resulting in poor coloring, low sugar content, and poor marketability due to insufficient light. The 450 fruit-dragging trellis supports the fruit on the outer side of the plant canopy, directly facing the supplemental light, allowing the fruit to receive direct sunlight, improving the uniformity of coloring and the average sugar content.

[0072] Furthermore, the limiting holes 453 at different heights H on the fruit-dragging support 450 can flexibly adjust the support position: crops with fewer and lighter fruits (such as strawberries) can use the lower holes to hang the support net, while crops with heavier fruits (such as tomatoes) can use the higher holes to thread the load-bearing rope. The height H can also be adjusted at any time after the fruit position changes, without the need to replace the support, making it extremely versatile.

[0073] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 External components can include hanging ropes through the limiting holes 453 to pull the branches upwards and support the weight of the fruit, preventing the branches from breaking; or installing horizontal support rods on the limiting holes 453 to support heavier fruits such as watermelons and melons. Harvesting baskets can also be hung directly on the limiting holes 453 during harvesting, allowing workers to place the harvested fruits directly into the baskets, further improving harvesting efficiency.

[0074] In one embodiment, the planting pot 400 has two parallel cultivation chambers 401, each with a top opening and a bottom groove. The cultivation chambers 401 are gradually widened from the bottom to the top opening, and their cross-section is a right trapezoid: one side is a vertically extending back plate 414, and the other side is an inclined wall 412. The inclined wall 412 is slightly inclined towards the inner side of the chamber from the bottom wall 411 towards the opening (not a completely straight line, but with a slight curvature to enhance guidance), forming a spatial layout that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0075] In one embodiment, a planting pot 400 has only one cultivation chamber 401, with the same structure as described above: the cultivation chamber 401 gradually expands from the bottom of the pot towards the top opening, and its cross-section is also a right-angled trapezoid, including a vertical back plate 414 and an inwardly inclined wall 412, forming an overall cavity shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. This single-chamber design is suitable for planting on small balconies or windowsills with limited space, balancing functionality and compactness.

[0076] In other embodiments, the cultivation chamber 401 may be gradually expanded in a V-shape or trumpet shape to conform to the natural growth characteristics of strawberry plants, where "roots are concentrated in the lower part and the crown and fruits are distributed in the upper part", thus avoiding the spatial compression and fruit shading caused by traditional equal-diameter or tapered planting pots 400.

[0077] The fruit-carrying bracket 450 can be integrally injection molded with the planting pot 400, but it is difficult to replace after damage; or it can be fixed with screws or cable ties, but installation of a single pot is more cumbersome. Furthermore, the fruit-carrying bracket 450 includes a rod part 451 and a support part 452, with a limiting hole 453 provided in the support part 452; the rod part 451 is inserted into the mounting hole 416 for limiting.

[0078] Reference Figure 12 and Figure 13 The uppermost edge of the inclined wall 412 of the planting pot 400 has an outwardly folded horizontal edge (folded edge 415), and at least one mounting hole 416 is opened on the folded edge 415; the fruit support 450 is divided into two parts: the lower part is the rod part 451 (insertion rod), and the upper part is the support part 452 with a limiting hole 453; during installation, the rod part 451 of the fruit support 450 can be directly inserted into the mounting hole 416 of the folded edge 415 to lock and fix it, without the need for screws or glue, and it can be removed, disassembled and replaced at any time.

[0079] Compared to traditional 200mm mounting frames, which require different support heights (H) and types for different crops, requiring different 400mm planting pots for different crops, resulting in high costs, the plug-in structure allows for easy replacement of the support frame according to crop type. One set of 400mm planting pots can be adapted to all fruiting crops, offering extremely high versatility.

[0080] Furthermore, the flange 415 is a rigid structure of the planting pot 400 body, and the mounting hole 416 is directly opened on the flange 415. After the bracket is inserted, it forms a rigid connection with the planting pot 400, which can increase the load-bearing capacity and prevent the bracket from shaking or falling over. It is sufficient to support heavier fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes and melons.

[0081] For example, in a strawberry growing scenario, during installation: select a short fruit-dragging support 450, insert the pole body 451 into the mounting hole 416 of the flange 415 and secure it, and thread the hanging rope through the middle limiting hole 453 of the support body 452. The strawberries grow outwards along the inclined wall 412, landing perfectly on the hanging rope, completely suspended without touching the pot surface. This avoids fruit rot and allows the fruit's front side to receive sunlight, resulting in even and vibrant red coloring, thus improving the fruit set rate. Furthermore, after harvesting, the support can be directly removed, and the planting pot 400 and support can be sterilized separately. The support can be reused after removal, and the planting pot 400 can be cleaned and used directly for planting other crops.

[0082] In this way, the fruit support 450 and the planting pot 400 can be flexibly adjusted according to needs, for example: In one embodiment, a mounting hole 416 is opened on the flange 415, and each planting pot 400 is equipped with a fruit-dragging bracket 450, which is suitable for crops such as strawberries and dwarf tomatoes that are planted individually and have a small fruit load, and has the lowest cost.

[0083] In one embodiment, 2-3 mounting holes 416 are equally spaced on the flange 415, and each planting pot 400 is equipped with 2-3 fruit-dragging supports 450. A horizontal support rod can be placed in the middle, which is suitable for vine crops such as cucumbers and melons with heavy fruit loads and has a stronger load-bearing capacity.

[0084] In one embodiment, all planting pots 400 have the same hole diameter 416, and only different height H and different functions of fruit-dragging brackets 450 are needed to adapt to all crop types, which greatly reduces the cost of accessory inventory.

[0085] Furthermore, harvesting hooks, signage, and other accessories can be inserted into the mounting hole 416 without needing to drill additional holes, thus achieving multiple uses for one pot.

[0086] Reference Figures 7 to 12 Furthermore, in order to address the safety hazards of the planting pot 400 slipping or tipping over, the planting pot 400 also includes a back plate 414 disposed relative to the inclined wall 412. The back plate 414 is provided with a hooking part 420 for hooking onto the liquid return component 300.

[0087] On the opposite side of the planting pot 400 and the inclined wall 412 is the back plate 414 (that is, the side closest to the side wall 120 and the side facing away from the supplemental light). The back plate 414 has a special hanging structure (such as hooks, slots, buckles, etc.). When installing the planting pot 400, simply snap the hanging part 420 of the back plate 414 onto the edge of the liquid return component 300 to fix the planting pot 400 onto the liquid return component 300 without the need for additional screws, buckles or tools.

[0088] Thus, installing a single pot takes only 2-3 seconds, and removing it for replacement is as simple as lifting it upwards, improving installation efficiency and making it suitable for rapid crop rotation in large-scale planting scenarios. Simultaneously, the hook-and-loop structure can directly align with the standard installation position of the slurry return unit 300, automatically aligning all planting pots 400 with uniform spacing, eliminating the need for manual adjustment and significantly improving planting consistency. Traditionally placed planting pots 400 are easily knocked off during cleaning and operation, especially those on high-rise planting racks, which can easily injure workers if they fall. The hook-and-loop structure and the slurry return unit 300 form a rigid connection, preventing slippage and falling, greatly improving operational safety.

[0089] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 12 In one embodiment, the top of the back plate 414 is bent downwards into an L-shaped hook, which is directly hung on the upper edge of the return liquid component 300. This is suitable for trough-type return liquid components 300 and is the most commonly used low-cost solution, suitable for the planting of lightweight crops such as leafy vegetables and strawberries.

[0090] In one embodiment, the back plate 414 has a concave C-shaped groove, and the corresponding position of the liquid return component 300 has a raised ridge. During installation, the groove can be aligned with the ridge and pushed in, resulting in a more secure connection. This is suitable for heavier fruit-bearing crops such as tomatoes and cucumbers, and will not cause them to tilt forward and fall off due to the weight of the fruit.

[0091] Furthermore, the 420 size of the mounting part can be designed as a universal standard to be compatible with all mainstream specifications of the 300 return liquid parts. When renovating old planting bases, there is no need to replace the original 300 return liquid parts. Simply replace the planting pots 400 to upgrade to the side planting mode, thus reducing the renovation cost.

[0092] The ventilation and drainage gap G between the planting pot 400 and the return slurry unit 300 is not only difficult to install if it is made by placing a shim or grid at the bottom of the pot, but it is also prone to problems such as inconsistent shim height H and shim displacement, resulting in unstable ventilation and drainage. Therefore, the bottom of the planting pot 400 is provided with a support foot 413, which lifts the planting pot 400 off the placement surface to form the ventilation and drainage gap G.

[0093] Reference Figure 9The bottom of the planting pot 400 is integrally molded with multiple raised support feet 413 (usually 3-4, evenly distributed along the bottom edge). When the planting pot 400 is placed on the drainage container 300, the support feet 413 lift the entire bottom of the pot off the surface of the drainage container 300, naturally creating a through gap between the bottom of the pot and the drainage container 300. This gap is the aforementioned "ventilation and drainage gap G". After the support feet 413 lift the bottom of the pot, the drained water will fall directly into the drainage container 300 and flow away, preventing water accumulation at the bottom of the pot and reducing the incidence of root diseases. Furthermore, the gap left by the support feet 413 is a continuous ventilation channel, allowing air to flow freely within the gap and enter the bottom of the substrate through the drainage holes, increasing root oxygen content, improving fertilizer utilization, and accelerating crop growth. Since the support feet 413 are integrally injection molded with the planting pot 400, their height H is uniform and their position is fixed. The ventilation and drainage gap G of each pot is completely consistent, requiring no additional adjustments and ensuring controllable results. Furthermore, the numerous gaps in the grid / shim structure make it easy for substrate and roots to remain, and incomplete disinfection can lead to the spread of diseases. The one-piece molded support legs 413 have no complex gaps, and the planting pot 400 can be cleaned with a single rinse, ensuring thorough disinfection and avoiding cross-infection.

[0094] The height H of the support leg 413 can be set according to different crops to be planted, such as a gap height H of 5~15mm.

[0095] In one embodiment, anti-slip textures or anti-slip pads can also be made on the bottom of the support foot 413 so that it will not slide when placed on the liquid return piece 300, which is suitable for scenarios where the planting pot 400 needs to be moved frequently (such as moving it for supplemental lighting during the seedling stage or moving it centrally during the harvesting stage).

[0096] In one embodiment, the support foot 413 can also be designed as a telescopic structure, and the height H can be adjusted by rotation. The gap height H can be freely adjusted between 5 and 20 mm. One set of planting pots 400 can be adapted to all types of crops, with strong versatility, and is suitable for different planting scenarios.

[0097] Reference Figures 9 to 12 The planting pot 400 has two drainage structures 440 that can be used individually or in combination. Specifically, the drainage structure 440 includes a plurality of first drainage holes 441 arranged horizontally and vertically on the bottom wall 411; or, the drainage structure 440 includes a plurality of second drainage holes 442 located on the lower part of the cavity wall of the cultivation chamber 401 and a plurality of guide channels 443 that connect to the second drainage holes 442 and extend away from the second drainage holes 442, wherein one guide channel 443 is connected to one second drainage hole 442.

[0098] Specifically, numerous horizontally and vertically staggered first drainage holes 441 are made on the flat bottom wall of the planting pot 400 to directly drain excess water from the bottom of the pot into the ventilation and drainage gap G below. Multiple second drainage holes 442 are made at the lower part of the inclined side wall of the planting cavity. Next to each drainage hole is a corresponding outward-extending guide channel 443. Water flowing out from the second drainage holes 442 on the side wall flows directly into the liquid collection tank of the return liquid component 300 along the guide channel 443, preventing it from flowing along the pot wall onto the surface of the planting pot 400.

[0099] The two structures can be used interchangeably or configured simultaneously to meet the drainage needs of different crops.

[0100] The first drainage hole 441, distributed horizontally and vertically, features a multi-hole design with small holes, typically 3-5mm in diameter, and numbering 10-20. The total drainage area is comparable to that of the larger holes, ensuring both rapid drainage and effective substrate filtration, reducing substrate loss. Traditional designs with only bottom holes allow water to accumulate at the bottom of the sidewalls, leading to a persistently damp surface, limescale buildup, and algae growth. The guide channel 443 directs the water drained from the sidewall holes directly to the outer return slurry 300, completely avoiding contact with the pot wall. This prevents dripping and wetting of the crop, keeps the planting pot 400 clean, and reduces cleaning costs. The second drainage hole 442 is positioned at the lowest point of slurry accumulation, allowing water to drain directly from the sidewall hole, preventing surface accumulation and reducing surface humidity.

[0101] This design features both bottom and side wall holes, making it suitable for fruit-bearing crops such as strawberries and tomatoes. The bottom holes drain water from the bottom, while the side wall holes drain water from the surface of the pot, resulting in high drainage efficiency.

[0102] The entire planting system also includes a drip irrigation system, such as drip arrow irrigation and drip tape precision irrigation. However, traditional fixed drip tape is prone to displacement and falling off when water pressure fluctuates or when manually operated, resulting in uneven watering or even missed watering. Furthermore, the planting pot 400 is also equipped with mounting claws 430 to limit and fix the drip tape above the planting pot 400.

[0103] A drip irrigation tape is arranged along the entire length of the planting pots 400 (with water droplets at regular intervals to precisely supply water and fertilizer to each planting pot 400); each planting pot 400 has an integrally formed mounting claw 430 (elastic buckle / slot structure) that can directly clip the drip irrigation tape into it for fixation, without the need for cable ties, glue or additional supports. The drip irrigation tape is positioned directly above the planting pot 400, and the driplets are aligned with the substrate position in the cultivation chamber 401.

[0104] Reference Figures 9 to 12The mounting clip 430 is integrally molded with the planting pot 400. During installation, the drip irrigation tape is simply pressed into the clip, making installation convenient and highly accurate. It will not shift due to water pressure fluctuations or friction, thus improving the reliability of the fixation. Moreover, the drip irrigation tape fixed by the mounting clip 430 is neatly arranged along the top of the planting pot 400, making all pipelines clearly visible. If any section has a problem, it can be directly removed and replaced, improving maintenance efficiency.

[0105] The clips have a C-shaped opening for fixing, which can be directly inserted into drip irrigation tape of standard outer diameter. This design has the lowest cost and is suitable for standardized large-scale planting scenarios such as strawberries and leafy vegetables. It is the mainstream configuration for commercial planting bases.

[0106] Based on the quick-installation and fixation of the drip irrigation tape using the 430 mounting clips integrated into the planting pot 400, the entire system can be further upgraded to a fully automated precision irrigation system controlled by a PLC, achieving unmanned management of the entire process from water supply and fertilization to precise drip delivery. A pressure-compensated precision dripper ensures that each plant receives the same amount of water and fertilizer. The PLC system, as the control core, connects to soil moisture sensors, EC value sensors, and pH sensors deployed in the planting area on one end to collect real-time data on substrate moisture, fertility, and pH. On the other end, it connects to the solenoid valves and fertigation unit on the irrigation pipeline, automatically adjusting irrigation duration, frequency, and water-fertilizer ratio according to a preset crop growth model. Managers can view irrigation data and adjust irrigation strategies in real time via a mobile app or computer. The system automatically issues warnings in case of equipment malfunctions or abnormal water pressure, significantly reducing maintenance costs. For multi-crop rotation scenarios, the PLC system can also store irrigation models for different crops, allowing for direct parameter recall when changing crops without needing to readjust the equipment, demonstrating strong adaptability.

[0107] Combining the PLC automatic drip irrigation system described earlier, the entire planting system can be further integrated into a centralized automatic nutrient solution mixing system to achieve dynamic on-demand nutrient solution allocation. First, EC (fertility), pH, and temperature / humidity sensors are embedded in the substrate of each crop pot. Simultaneously, nutrient concentration monitoring points are set up in the return pipeline to collect real-time data on the actual nutrient consumption of the crops, which is then synchronously transmitted back to the central PLC control system. The system automatically calculates the optimal nutrient solution ratio based on preset crop growth models (e.g., leafy vegetables require high nitrogen, while fruiting crops require high phosphorus and potassium) and the real-time sensor data. It then instructs the multi-channel peristaltic pumps at the centralized mixing station to extract the original solutions from different mother liquor tanks for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements. Precise mixing, stirring, and pH adjustment are completed in the mixing tank, and finally, the solution is delivered to each crop pot through a continuous drip irrigation belt fixed by the 400-jaw clamps of the planting pot. Excess nutrient solution is recovered by the 300-jaw return unit, filtered, disinfected, and returned to the mixing system, forming a closed-loop cycle.

[0108] The PLC automatic drip irrigation system device and control method can refer to existing technologies, which are not the focus of this solution and will not be elaborated here.

[0109] Reference Figures 14 to 16 The structure of the return fluid component 300 is described below.

[0110] The liquid return component 300 includes a bottom bearing section 310, a first side section 320, and a second side section 330.

[0111] The first side section 320 extends upward from one side edge of the bottom support section 310; the second side section 330 extends upward from the other side edge of the bottom support section 310; the first side section 320 and the second side section 330 are arranged opposite each other along the length L direction of the bottom support section 310, and an upward-facing groove 340 is formed between their tops; the bottom support section 310 is provided with a liquid return guide groove 311 along its length L direction, and the planting pot 400 can be placed on the bottom support section 310 through the groove 340, and the liquid seeping out of the planting pot 400 flows into the liquid return guide groove 311.

[0112] The liquid return component 300 is a U-shaped trough structure arranged along the entire length of the planting layer. It is integrally formed from three parts: the bottom is a horizontal bottom support section 310, which is responsible for supporting the weight of the planting pot 400; the left and right sides of the bottom support section 310 extend upward to the first side section 320 and the second side section 330 respectively, and the opening between the top of the two side sections is the trough 340. The planting pot 400 can be placed into the trough 340 from top to bottom and fall on the bottom support section 310; the surface of the bottom support section 310 is specially made with a recessed liquid return guide channel 311 (running through the entire liquid return component 300 along the length L direction). Excess nutrient solution and condensate seeping out of the planting pot 400 will fall into the liquid return guide channel 311 and flow along the guide channel to the liquid collection tank at the end for recycling.

[0113] Taking the mainstream strawberry growing scenario inside shipping containers as an example: Combination Figure 7 and Figure 14 The return liquid unit 300 is arranged along the length of each layer of the planting rack, with a length L consistent with the internal width W of the container (usually 6 meters / 12 meters). The planting pot 400 is placed into the slot 340, with its bottom resting on the bottom support section 310. The back plate 414 is automatically fixed by hanging on the upper edge of the first side section 320. Excess nutrient solution dripped into the planting pot 400 by the drip irrigation tape flows out from the drainage hole of the planting pot 400 and falls directly into the return liquid guide trough 311. It flows along the slope of the guide trough to the return liquid port at the end, enters the filtration and disinfection system, and returns to the automatic liquid preparation system for recycling.

[0114] In one embodiment, the liquid return component 300 is a single-slot, single-row structure. The width W of the liquid return component 300 matches the width W of a single planting pot 400. Each liquid return slot holds a row of planting pots 400. The structure is compact and suitable for high-density planting of small crops such as strawberries and leafy vegetables.

[0115] In one embodiment, the liquid return component 300 is segmented, with standard segments of 1 meter or 2 meters that can be spliced ​​together to form any length L. This makes it suitable for planting racks of different sizes and non-standard planting scenarios, making transportation and installation more flexible. If damaged, only the corresponding segment needs to be replaced, resulting in lower maintenance costs.

[0116] Under this technical solution, the return component 300 is no longer merely a "water tray," but directly undertakes the functions of positioning, supporting, and even suspending the planting pot 400. The implementation method is explained in detail below for different application scenarios: In one embodiment, the liquid return unit 300 can be directly fixed to the inner wall of the container. Multiple liquid return units 300 are arranged vertically along the container wall at intervals of 30–50 cm (the spacing can be increased or decreased according to different plant spacing requirements) to form a multi-layer three-dimensional planting structure.

[0117] The return liquid component 300 can be fixed in various ways, such as by anchoring each return liquid component 300 directly to the box wall with screws or clips through the mounting holes 416 on its back or end; the planting pot 400 is placed into the groove 340 from top to bottom from the front opening, and its bottom sits directly on the support area of ​​the bottom bearing section 310; since the return liquid component 300 itself has sufficient structural strength, it can stably support the weight of the planting pot 400 and the crop without additional crossbeams or brackets; the seeping nutrient solution flows along the bottom of the pot into the return liquid guide groove 311, and then into the circulation system through the bottom drain port.

[0118] In this scenario, the container wall replaces the traditional mounting bracket 200, while the return liquid component 300 serves as the sole functional component, simultaneously completing the "basin + flow guide" function, greatly simplifying the internal structure and improving space utilization.

[0119] Reference Figure 14 In another embodiment, the three-dimensional planting device includes at least two vertically arranged mounting frames 200 (such as metal columns or composite material poles). A plurality of liquid return components 300 are horizontally arranged between the two mounting frames 200, and their two ends are fixedly connected to the mounting frames 200 (such as through slots, bolts or plug-in structures) to form a stable multi-layer planting unit.

[0120] Reference Figure 15 and Figure 16The groove 340 formed by the first side section 320 and the second side section 330 of the liquid return component 300 provides lateral restraint and vertical guidance for the planting pot 400. After the planting pot 400 is placed, its bottom is directly supported by the bottom bearing section 310, or it is fastened to the upper part of the first side section 320 by the hooks on the planting pot 400 (if the first side section 320 is located in the inner area of ​​the mounting frame 200), realizing semi-suspended installation. All liquid return components 300 share the same pair of mounting frames 200. The mounting frames 200 only bear the overall structural load and do not participate in the positioning of the planting pot 400, which greatly reduces the requirements for the accuracy and strength of the mounting frames 200.

[0121] In this scenario, the return liquid component 300 is the only functional interface component, and the mounting bracket 200 only serves a supporting function. This avoids the complex design of the traditional system where "the mounting bracket 200 needs to integrate both the tray structure and the mounting position of the return liquid component 300", thus reducing costs and assembly difficulty.

[0122] Thus, the liquid return component 300 includes a bottom support section 310, a first side section 320, and a second side section 330. The first side section 320 and the second side section 330 extend vertically upward from the two sides of the bottom support section 310, respectively, and are arranged opposite each other along the length L, forming an upward-facing slot 340 between their tops. The slot 340 serves as a positioning interface; when the planting pot 400 is inserted from above or from the side, the slot 340 automatically guides it into place without the need for an additional alignment mechanism. The bottom support section 310 has a liquid return guide channel 311 along its length L. The planting pot 400 can be placed on the bottom support section 310 through the slot 340, and the seeping liquid flows into the liquid return guide channel 311. The bottom support section 310 is not only the carrier of the liquid return guide channel 311, but its upper surface (especially the raised areas on both sides of the guide channel) directly serves as the support surface for the planting pot 400. The weight of the planting pot 400 is borne by the liquid return component 300 itself, eliminating the need for a lower support beam. The return liquid guide channel 311, set along the length L, ensures that the nutrient solution seeping from the bottom of the basin is quickly collected and discharged, avoiding stagnation in the basin-trough contact area and fundamentally inhibiting water accumulation and algae growth. The return liquid component 300 itself has support, flow guidance, and limiting functions, so the requirements for the installation base are extremely low, allowing for flexible deployment in various scenarios.

[0123] Understandably, the liquid return unit 300 is a self-contained functional unit, and therefore has high scalability: whether it is a single-layer balcony planting box or a hundred-layer container farm, it can be seamlessly expanded by simply replicating the same liquid return unit 300 unit, truly realizing "standardized components and modular deployment".

[0124] Reference Figure 16 In one embodiment of the present invention, the height H of the first side section 320 of the return liquid member 300 extending upward from the bottom bearing section 310 is greater than the height H of the second side section 330 extending upward.

[0125] In the symmetrical liquid return component 300 (i.e., the height H on both sides is equal), the planting pot 400 needs to be inserted vertically into the slot 340 from directly above, which limits the operating space. This is especially true in scenarios with multiple densely packed layers or near walls, where users find it difficult to reach the correct location, making installation and removal inconvenient. Furthermore, if the planting pot 400 uses a hook-and-loop connection, the symmetrical slot 340 lacks a clear guiding surface, which can easily lead to misalignment of the hook or improper installation.

[0126] By setting the first side section 320 higher than the second side section 330, an asymmetrical groove 340 is formed, providing a clear direction of operation (usually operated from the lower second side section 330 side); it provides a guiding slope or clearance space for the hook or edge of the planting pot 400; the higher side section can serve as the main load-bearing support or hanging surface, while the lower side section facilitates observation and operation.

[0127] In one specific embodiment, the bottom support section 310 of the return fluid component 300 has a width W of 120 mm, the first side section 320 extends upward to a height H of 50 mm, and the second side section 330 extends upward to a height H of 25 mm. Both extend continuously along the length L of the bottom support section 310, forming an upward-facing asymmetrical slot 340 between their tops.

[0128] The planting pot 400 is equipped with a downward-extending hook structure. During installation, the operator inserts the planting pot 400 at an angle from the outside of the second side section 330 (lower side), allowing the hook to pass over the top of the second side section 330 and then fall naturally to engage with the upper edge or inner wall of the first side section 320 (higher side). Since the first side section 320 is higher, its top can be designed as a horizontal support surface or with an inwardly folded edge to enhance the stability of the attachment.

[0129] In another embodiment, the liquid return component 300 is used for at least two vertically arranged mounting brackets 200; a plurality of liquid return components 300 are arranged at intervals between the two mounting brackets 200 in a vertical direction.

[0130] Specifically, the upward extension height H of the first side section 320 is 1.5–4 times the upward extension height H of the second side section 330. Adopting an asymmetrical side section design, users can install and remove the planting pot 400 from a single side, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained or multi-layered systems, improving operational convenience: the higher side section serves as the main support / hanging surface, while the lower side section serves as the operation entrance, clearly defining functional zones, reducing the risk of misinstallation, and enhancing installation reliability. Furthermore, the higher side section can integrate reinforcing ribs 350 or connecting holes for fixing to the mounting bracket 200 or adjacent modules, while the lower side section remains simple, facilitating cleaning and observation. It supports both direct-placement planting pots 400 and quick-installation planting pots 400 with hooks; it is compatible with various planting pot 400 designs; and during actual operation, it reduces the frequency of bending over and leaning, alleviating operational fatigue.

[0131] Reference Figure 16 In one embodiment of the present invention, the return liquid guide groove 311 is a longitudinal groove opened in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom bearing section 310 along the length L direction. A first support platform 312 and a second support platform 313 are formed on both sides of the longitudinal groove. The upper surfaces of the first support platform 312 and the second support platform 313 are higher than the bottom of the return liquid guide groove 311 and can be used to support the planting pot 400.

[0132] The nutrient solution return component 300 is manufactured using a one-piece molding process (such as injection molding or extrusion), eliminating the need for additional assembly parts. The longitudinal groove serves as a nutrient solution return channel 311, collecting and guiding the nutrient solution seeping from the planting pot 400; while the raised platform areas on both sides directly support the planting pot 400. This avoids the redundant structure required by traditional solutions, which necessitates separate pot support ribs and independent nutrient solution collection channels.

[0133] Specifically, the cross-section of the return liquid guide channel 311 is V-shaped or U-shaped.

[0134] Specifically, the return liquid guide channel 311, the first support platform 312 and the second support platform 313 are integrally injection molded.

[0135] In one specific embodiment, the bottom support section 310 has an overall width W of 100mm, with a U-shaped longitudinal groove of 30mm width W and 8mm depth in its middle, serving as a return liquid guide channel 311. A platform area of ​​35mm width is reserved on each side of the groove, forming a first support platform 312 and a second support platform 313, respectively. The upper surfaces of the two support platforms are flush with the original upper surface of the bottom support section 310, while the bottom of the return liquid guide channel 311 is 8mm lower than this plane. The bottom edge width W of the planting pot 400 is 30–40mm, allowing it to be stably placed on either support platform or simultaneously straddle two support platforms. A gap is maintained between the bottom of the planting pot 400 and the return liquid guide channel 311, allowing any seeping liquid to drip along the outer edge of the pot bottom into the return liquid guide channel 311 without accumulating on the surface of the support platforms. It should be noted that the specific length L can be adjusted adaptively according to actual planting needs.

[0136] Reference Figure 16 In another embodiment, the upper surfaces of the first support platform 312 and the second support platform 313 are both drainage slopes 314 that are inclined toward the return liquid guide channel 311.

[0137] Specifically, the inclination angle of the drainage slope 314 is 3°-10°. The upper surface of the support platform is designed as an inclined surface facing the return liquid guide channel 311, with an inclination angle of, for example, 5°. Even if a small amount of liquid splashes onto the support platform, it can flow to the return liquid guide channel 311 under the action of gravity, further reducing the risk of stagnation.

[0138] Reference Figure 16In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner surfaces of the first side section 320 and / or the second side section 330 are respectively provided with inwardly protruding limiting ribs 321. The limiting ribs 321 extend along the length L of the groove and are used to restrict the lateral movement of the planting pot 400 within the groove opening 340. In actual use, after the planting pot 400 is placed in the groove opening 340 of the return liquid component 300, it may undergo lateral displacement due to the impact of irrigation water flow, equipment vibration, or human contact. If the planting pot 400 is displaced too much, it may cause misalignment between the bottom of the pot and the return liquid guide trough 311, and the seepage liquid cannot be effectively recovered. To improve system stability, the planting pot 400 is effectively limited without increasing the installation complexity.

[0139] The limiting rib 321 is a protruding structure integrally formed on the inner side surface (i.e., the side facing the inside of the slot 340) of the first side section 320 and / or the second side section 330, and its cross-section can be rectangular, semi-circular or trapezoidal. The limiting rib 321 extends continuously or intermittently along the length L of the return fluid component 300, and is integrally formed with the side section body through injection molding, extrusion or compression molding processes, without the need for additional assembly.

[0140] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting rib 321 is provided only on the inner side of the first side section 320, in conjunction with the asymmetrical groove 340 design (the first side section 320 is higher than the second side section 330), so that after the planting pot 400 is installed with the hook, one side of it is tightly attached to the high side limiting rib 321, while the other side is provided with operating space by the low side section, thus taking into account both stability and convenience.

[0141] In another embodiment, the inner surfaces of the first side section 320 and the second side section 330 are provided with limiting ribs 321. The distance between the two ribs matches the outer contour of the bottom of the planting pot 400, forming a "double-sided clamping" effect, which is suitable for automated planting scenarios with high positioning accuracy requirements.

[0142] For example, the inner side of the first side section 320 of the liquid return component 300 is provided with a rectangular limiting rib 321 that extends continuously along its entire length. The bottom sides of the planting pot 400 are provided with corresponding grooves or stepped structures. When the planting pot 400 is placed into the slot 340, its edge is engaged with the inner side of the limiting rib 321, restricting its lateral freedom, but it can still be easily placed and removed vertically. Even under the continuous impact of drip irrigation water, the planting pot 400 can maintain its stable position. In the multi-layer three-dimensional planting rack, all liquid return components 300 adopt the same limiting rib 321 layout, ensuring that the planting pots 400 in each layer are arranged neatly, facilitating inspection, harvesting, and operation of automated equipment (such as robotic arms).

[0143] Reference Figures 17 to 20 Regarding the structure of the air supply device 600.

[0144] The air supply device 600 is a key component used to deliver air treated by an environmental control system (such as an air conditioner or a fresh air unit) to the planting area, and also has a heat dissipation function. Both air supply ducts 610 are arranged along the length L of the planting chamber 100 at the top of the planting chamber 100, that is, the two ducts are parallel to the long side of the chamber and installed close to the lower surface of the top plate, making full use of the unused space at the top and not occupying the planting or passage area.

[0145] Two air supply ducts 610 are located on either side of the double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500 along the length L direction. Here, "on either side of the length L direction" should be understood as located on the left and right sides of the fixture along the width W direction of the chamber (i.e., laterally), representing the lateral position of the fixture. This layout ensures that each duct serves only one side of the planting area, avoiding airflow crossing or deviation. The air outlet can be in the form of micro-holes, slits, or replaceable nozzles, with the opening direction vertically downwards or slightly outwards (5°-45°), allowing airflow to cover the target area from top to bottom. This airflow is used to deliver air to the corresponding planting area and remove heat generated by the corresponding luminous surface of the double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500. The airflow path is designed as follows: flowing downwards from the top duct, first flushing the corresponding luminous surface (achieving active heat dissipation), and then continuing to descend to cover the planting area below (achieving environmental control).

[0146] By arranging two air supply ducts 610 on both sides of a double-sided supplementary lighting fixture 500 in the width W direction, and ensuring that the airflow first flows through the corresponding luminous surface before covering the crops below, not only is the convective heat transfer efficiency of the fixture surface improved, but also a balanced temperature and humidity airflow is ensured for the planting areas on both sides. This guarantees vertical temperature uniformity and minimal humidity deviation, effectively ensuring consistent crop growth and marketability. Simultaneously, it reduces installation costs and space occupation, making it particularly suitable for small, enclosed spaces such as containers and prefabricated houses, combining space utilization efficiency with improved energy efficiency.

[0147] To achieve lightweight, support-free, and quick-installation / disassembly while ensuring airflow performance, the air supply duct 610 is made of flexible fiber fabric. The top of the air supply duct 610 has a fixing part for securing it to the planting chamber 100 using fasteners.

[0148] The air supply duct 610, as an airflow delivery channel, has the core function of evenly distributing and guiding airflow. In a broader sense, it can be made of various materials and structural forms, for example: Rigid ducts, such as galvanized steel sheet and aluminum foil composite ducts, require on-site cutting, flange connection, and external insulation layer. Semi-flexible ducts: such as PVC flexible hoses with steel wire skeletons, which have a certain shape retention ability, but still require hanger support; However, in typical application scenarios such as containers and prefabricated houses, which are small, without ceilings, and have low ceiling heights, traditional air supply ducts (such as galvanized steel sheet ducts or composite ducts) have problems such as heavy weight, need for on-site insulation, reliance on hanging brackets, complex installation, and high cost. They not only occupy valuable vertical space (due to the compact space, and their installation height H (including the hanging brackets, which will compress the height of the planting layer and reduce the space utilization rate), but also cannot meet the needs of modular rapid deployment.

[0149] In this design, the air supply duct 610 is made of flexible fiber fabric (such as flame-retardant polyester, glass fiber-based composite fabric, etc.), with no internal supporting frame, relying on the system's static pressure to naturally expand and form its shape. Its top is integrally equipped with a fixing part, preferably a reinforcing flange 415 extending along the length L of the duct, with multiple mounting holes 416 spaced apart on the flange 415. During installation, only self-tapping screws need to be passed through the mounting holes 416 to directly fasten the duct to the lower surface of the top plate of the planting room 100, without any hangers, supports, or keel structures.

[0150] Compared to traditional metal or composite duct solutions, this method eliminates the need for professional duct installers, hoisting equipment, or insulation work, significantly reducing installation costs and time. It also frees up ceiling space, improving space utilization efficiency (making it possible to add 1-2 layers of planting racks). Furthermore, the microporous air outlets in the fabric naturally possess uniform airflow characteristics, avoiding the "strong near-end, weak far-end" problem of traditional air outlets and improving airflow uniformity. The ductwork can be completely disassembled for cleaning or replacement, enhancing the long-term reliability of the system. It is suitable for non-standard planting rooms with no suspended ceiling, curved ceilings, or low-strength ceilings.

[0151] Specifically, to achieve reliable, low-stress fixation and ensure that it does not fall off during long-term operation, the fixing part is a reinforcing flange 415 integrally formed on the top of the air supply duct 610 along its length L. The reinforcing flange 415 is provided with mounting holes 416 at intervals for fasteners to pass through.

[0152] This solution uses an integrally formed reinforced flange 415 at the top of the duct and sets spaced mounting holes 416 on it, so that the self-tapping screws can be evenly stressed along the entire length of the duct, avoiding local tearing; at the same time, the flange 415 itself is thickened to enhance tensile strength, ensuring that it remains attached to the top under static pressure expansion.

[0153] Reference Figures 18 to 20 Furthermore, the air supply device 600 also includes a plenum chamber 620, which is located inside the planting room 100 and has one air inlet 623 and two air outlets 624. The air inlet 623 is connected to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit 640, and the two air outlets 624 are detachably connected to two air supply ducts 610 respectively. As an airflow buffer and distribution unit, the plenum chamber 620 effectively eliminates eddies and uneven speeds at the air conditioning outlet, avoids excessive pressure deviation between the two air outlets, and thus ensures consistent air supply to the planting areas on both sides.

[0154] Specifically, the plenum chamber 620 is made of flexible fiber fabric, and its two air outlets 624 are detachably connected to the corresponding air supply ducts 610 via zippers. While traditional metal or rigid plastic enclosures offer structural stability, they suffer from significant drawbacks such as heavy weight, incompressible transport volume, and the need for tools for on-site installation, making it difficult to meet the requirements for modularity and quick assembly / disassembly. This solution uses the same flexible fiber fabric as the air supply duct 610 to manufacture the plenum chamber 620, allowing it to be folded for storage and reducing transport volume. Furthermore, the zippers enable quick connection to the air supply duct 610, allowing for installation or replacement by a single person without tools, significantly lowering the maintenance threshold. In addition, the smooth inner wall of the fabric plenum chamber 620 reduces airflow resistance and provides some sound absorption, helping to reduce system operating noise.

[0155] Reference Figures 18 to 20 Specifically, to enable the air outlet 624 of the static pressure box 620 to support multiple interface shapes for on-demand configuration, the opening shape of the air outlet 624 can be rectangular, circular, or nozzle-shaped, and the connection end of the air supply duct 610 matches the opening shape of the air outlet 624. Different crops have significantly different requirements for airflow speed and coverage mode: leafy vegetables require large-area, low-speed diffused air, and rectangular openings are suitable; fruiting vegetables require directional, strong airflow to penetrate the canopy, and nozzles are suitable. By providing multiple air outlet shapes such as rectangular, circular, and flat nozzles, and ensuring precise matching of the connection end of the air supply duct 610, users can flexibly change the air supply mode according to the planting varieties without modifying the entire duct system.

[0156] Specifically, the plenum chamber 620 includes a main body 621 and a side panel 622, which is detachably connected to the main body 621. An air outlet 624 is located on the side panel 622. This solution decomposes the plenum chamber 620 into a main body 621 (reusable) and a detachable side panel (including the air outlet 624). Only damaged or mismatched panels need to be replaced, without replacing the entire plenum chamber 620. Various panels with different air outlets 624 (rectangular / circular / nozzle) can be prefabricated.

[0157] To further enhance installation convenience and on-site adaptability, the side panel 622 and the main body 621 are detachably connected via a zipper. Specifically, the top of the static pressure box 620 is equipped with a lifting mechanism (such as a skirt), which is secured to the planting chamber 100 by fasteners.

[0158] Traditional static pressure boxes (620) typically use bolts, clips, or stitching to connect the panels and frame, requiring tools and time-consuming to assemble and disassemble. Furthermore, their hoisting relies on top beams or specialized supports, making them difficult to implement in spaces without ceilings, such as shipping containers. Therefore, this invention introduces a quick-connect structure with a zipper and an integrated hoisting unit, achieving tool-free, rapid assembly.

[0159] Specifically, the box surface (especially the end or side box surface with the air outlet 624) is detachably connected to the box body 621 via a zipper. The zipper is sewn onto the edge of the box surface at the corresponding position on the box body 621. When closed, it forms a well-sealed cavity with good airtightness. When opened, the box surface can be quickly replaced or the interior can be inspected. At the same time, the top edge of the static pressure box 620 is integrally equipped with a lifting part (usually a thickened fabric folding structure). The flange 415 has pre-set mounting holes 416, which can be directly fixed to the top plate of the planting room 100 with fasteners such as self-tapping screws, without the need for additional hanging rods or keel.

[0160] Compared to snap-fit ​​connections, the zipper significantly reduces assembly time. The top-mounted design allows the entire plenum chamber 620 to be installed flush against the top panel like a sticker, maximizing vertical space savings. For example, in a container (approximately 2.4 m high internally), this frees up 10–15 cm of effective planting height (H). Furthermore, this structure supports the rapid assembly and disassembly of the plenum chamber 620 along with the duct system, improving modular deployment efficiency and post-construction maintenance flexibility. It is particularly suitable for applications requiring rapid response and optimal space utilization, such as mobile plant factories and emergency agricultural shelters.

[0161] Reference Figure 6 Furthermore, the plant cultivation system also includes a CO2 replenishment device 630; in one embodiment, the outlet of the CO2 replenishment device 630 is connected to the interior of the static pressure box 620 so that the CO2 gas is mixed and then delivered to the two planting areas through the air supply device 600.

[0162] In another embodiment, the CO2 replenishment device 630 is connected to the air inlet side or air outlet side of the air conditioning unit 640 so that the CO2 gas is mixed and then delivered to the two planting areas through the air supply device 600.

[0163] In closed-loop plant cultivation systems, photosynthetic efficiency is highly dependent on the stability and uniformity of CO2 concentration in the environment. However, if CO2 is released directly at the bottom of the planting area, it is prone to deposition due to its high density, leading to insufficient CO2 in the canopy, excessively high concentration in the root zone, and uneven distribution on both sides. By setting up a CO2 replenishment device 630 (such as a CO2 cylinder or liquid storage tank), its outlet can be selectively connected to the inside of a plenum chamber 620 or the air inlet / outlet side of an air conditioning unit 640. When connected to the plenum chamber 620, CO2 is fully diffused and mixed with the main airflow within the plenum chamber; when connected to the air conditioning side, forced turbulence by a fan is used to achieve rapid homogenization. Regardless of the method, the CO2-containing airflow is synchronously delivered from top to bottom to both sides of the planting area via the dual-duct system of the air supply device 600, ensuring the uniformity of CO2 concentration in the crop canopy.

[0164] Furthermore, the air supply duct 610 is positioned above the operating channel 130 and between the side wall 120 and a double-sided supplemental lighting fixture 500 (i.e., duct above, lighting fixture below, with no structural obstruction), allowing airflow to descend vertically without hindrance and diffuse to the cultivation chambers 401 on both sides, ensuring uniform temperature, humidity, and CO2 in both vertical and horizontal directions. In addition, the airflow simultaneously flows over the surface of the lighting fixture, effectively carrying away the heat generated by the LEDs, preventing heat radiation from scorching the plants, extending the lifespan of the lighting fixtures, and achieving highly uniform environmental control.

[0165] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant cultivation system, characterized in that, include: The planting room (100) has two opposing side walls (120); At least one double-sided supplemental lighting fixture (500) is disposed in the planting room (100) along the length (L) direction of the planting room (100), with the two light-emitting surfaces of each double-sided supplemental lighting fixture (500) facing the two side walls (120) respectively; An air supply device (600) includes a static pressure box (620) and at least two air supply ducts (610) connected to the static pressure box (620). The static pressure box (620) and the at least two air supply ducts (610) are both located at the top of the planting room (100). The at least two air supply ducts (610) extend along the length (L) direction of the planting room (100) and are respectively located on both sides of the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture (500) in the width (W) direction. Each air supply duct (610) is provided with a downward air outlet for sending airflow to the corresponding side and carrying away the heat generated by the light-emitting surface of the corresponding double-sided supplementary lighting fixture. as well as At least two planting units are respectively disposed on both sides of the at least one double-sided supplemental lighting fixture (500), and an operating channel (130) is formed between the double-sided supplemental lighting fixture (500) and the planting unit; each planting unit includes: The mounting frame (200) is located inside the planting room (100); Multiple liquid return components (300) extend along the length (L) direction of the planting chamber (100) and are spaced apart on the mounting frame (200) in the height (H) direction; Multiple planting pots (400) are placed on the liquid return component (300). There is a ventilation and drainage gap (G) between the bottom of the planting pot (400) and the liquid return component (300). The planting pot (400) includes at least one cultivation chamber (401) and a drainage structure (440) connecting the cultivation chamber (401) and the ventilation and drainage gap (G). The cultivation chamber (401) has an inclined wall (412) that extends inclinedly from the bottom wall (411) toward the top opening toward the double-sided supplementary lighting fixture (500).

2. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fruit-dragging support (450), and each of the liquid return components (300) is provided with a plurality of planting pots (400) along its extension direction; each planting pot (400) is provided with at least one fruit-dragging support (450), and is located on the side where the upper end of the inclined wall (412) is located; the fruit-dragging support (450) is provided with a plurality of limiting holes (453) at different heights (H), the limiting holes (453) are used for external accessories (460) to pass through, and to support the fruit that extends outward guided by the inclined wall (412), so that it is suspended from the surface of the planting pot (400).

3. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top edge of the inclined wall (412) is provided with an outwardly extending flange (415), and the flange (415) is provided with at least one mounting hole (416). The fruit-carrying bracket (450) is detachably fixed to the flange (415) through the mounting hole (416).

4. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fruit-carrying bracket (450) includes a rod body (451) and a bracket (452), and the limiting hole (453) is provided in the bracket (452); the rod body (451) is inserted into the mounting hole (416) for limiting.

5. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The planting pot (400) also includes a back plate (414) disposed relative to the inclined wall (412), the back plate (414) having a hanging part (420) for hanging on the liquid return component (300); and / or, the bottom of the planting pot (400) is provided with a support foot (413), the support foot (413) lifting the planting pot (400) away from the placement surface to form the ventilation and drainage gap (G).

6. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage structure (440) includes a plurality of first drainage holes (441) arranged horizontally and vertically on the bottom wall (411); And / or, the drainage structure (440) includes a plurality of second drainage holes (442) disposed on the lower part of the cavity wall of the cultivation chamber (401) and a plurality of guide channels (443) communicating with the second drainage holes (442) and extending in a direction away from the second drainage holes (442), wherein one of the guide channels (443) is communicating with one of the second drainage holes (442).

7. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drip irrigation system, which includes drip irrigation tape, and the planting pot (400) is also provided with mounting claws (430) for limiting and fixing the drip irrigation tape above the planting pot (400).

8. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid return component (300) includes: Bottom bearing section (310); and The first side section (320) extends upward from one side edge of the bottom bearing section (310); The second side section (330) extends upward from the other edge of the bottom support section (310); the first side section (320) and the second side section (330) are arranged opposite each other along the length (L) direction of the bottom support section (310), and an upward-facing groove (340) is formed between their tops; the bottom support section (310) is provided with a liquid return channel (311) along its length (L) direction, and the planting pot (400) can be placed on the bottom support section (310) through the groove (340), and the liquid seeping from the planting pot (400) flows into the liquid return channel (311).

9. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The upward extension height (H) of the first side section (320) from the bottom bearing section (310) is greater than the upward extension height (H) of the second side section (330); And / or, the return liquid guide channel (311) is a longitudinal groove opened in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom bearing section (310) along the length (L) direction, and a first support platform (312) and a second support platform (313) are formed on both sides of the longitudinal groove, the upper surfaces of the first support platform (312) and the second support platform (313) are higher than the bottom of the return liquid guide channel (311), and can be used to support the planting pot (400); And / or, the inner surfaces of the first side section (320) and / or the second side section (330) are respectively provided with inwardly protruding limiting ribs (321), the limiting ribs (321) extending along the length (L) of the groove, and used to restrict the movement of the planting pot (400) in the groove (340).

10. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The static pressure box (620) has an air inlet (623) and at least two air outlets (624); the air inlet (623) is connected to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit (640), and the air outlets (624) are detachably connected to the air supply duct (610); And / or, the static pressure box (620) and the air supply duct (610) are both made of flexible fiber fabric material.

11. The plant cultivation system as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The air outlet (624) is detachably connected to the corresponding air supply duct (610) via a zipper; and / or, the static pressure box (620) includes a box body (621) and a side box surface (622), the side box surface (622) is detachably connected to the box body (621), and the air outlet (624) is disposed on the side box surface (622); and / or, the side box surface (622) is detachably connected to the box body (621) via a zipper; and / or, the top of the static pressure box (620) is provided with a hoisting part, and the hoisting part is disposed in the planting room (100) by fasteners.

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