A near-infrared stress luminescence elastic support and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of inorganic fixed luminescent materials and medical polymer elastic stents, and relates to an elastic stent composed of near-infrared inorganic stress luminescent material and organic polymer and a preparation method. The composite elastic stent provided by the present application is manufactured by using 3D printing technology, adopts biodegradable polymer material as a printing base material, and adopts inorganic near-infrared stress luminescent material as a reinforcing phase material and a luminescent base, so that the hollow, cylindrical and net-shaped polymer composite elastic stent required is printed on a cylindrical surface base, and the composite elastic stent can be applied to real-time monitoring of the internal microenvironment of a blood vessel after an operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the interdisciplinary field of inorganic solid luminescent materials and medical polymer materials, specifically involving a composite elastic scaffold that combines near-infrared stress luminescence properties and biodegradability, its preparation method based on 3D printing technology, and its application in real-time monitoring of the vascular microenvironment. Background Technology

[0002] Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and interventional vascular procedures (such as stent implantation) are currently the primary means of treating vascular stenosis or occlusion. However, complications such as in-stent restenosis, late thrombosis, stent migration, or fracture that may occur after the procedure seriously threaten patients' lives and health. Currently, clinical follow-up mainly relies on imaging techniques such as angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), but these methods usually require large equipment, are complex to operate, carry radiation risks, and cannot achieve real-time, continuous monitoring of biomechanical status. Stress luminescence refers to the phenomenon where materials emit light when subjected to mechanical stress (such as tension, compression, or friction). Near-infrared light, in particular, exhibits great application potential in the field of biomedical sensing due to its strong penetration into biological tissues and low background fluorescence interference. In recent years, in addition to traditional Cr... 3+ Doped system, Fe 3+ Activated stress-luminescent materials have attracted widespread attention due to their unique broadband emission characteristics. However, existing inorganic stress-luminescent materials are typically rigid and difficult to match with soft, dynamic vascular tissue. If highly sensitive near-infrared stress-luminescent materials could be combined with biocompatible and flexible polymer elastomers to construct an implantable composite scaffold, the scaffold could emit near-infrared light signals in real time when stress changes occur due to vascular contraction, intimal hyperplasia, compression, or displacement. This signal could then be non-invasively monitored using an external near-infrared detection device, enabling early warning of postoperative complications. Therefore, developing a biodegradable, flexible, and real-time responsive near-infrared stress-luminescent elastic stent is of great significance for improving the postoperative monitoring level of interventional treatment for cardiovascular diseases. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the limitations of existing postoperative monitoring methods for vascular stents and to provide an elastic stent capable of responding to mechanical changes and emitting near-infrared light under physiological conditions, as well as its fabrication method. This stent is designed to achieve real-time, non-invasive monitoring of the postoperative microenvironment of blood vessels. To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An organic-inorganic composite near-infrared stress-luminescent elastic scaffold, characterized in that the scaffold is composed of a biodegradable polymer matrix material and an inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent material uniformly dispersed in the matrix material; the scaffold is a hollow mesh-like cylindrical structure formed by 3D printing technology. Further, the inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent material is a transition metal ion (Cr... 3+ Fe 3+ or Ni 2+ Doped oxide or composite oxide luminescent materials. Preferably, the inorganic near-infrared stress luminescent material is selected from Cr. 3+ Doping, Fe 3+ Activation or Cr 3+ and Ni 2+ Co-doped material: MgO: Cr 3+ MgGa2O4:Cr 3+ MgAl2O4: Cr 3+ LiGa5O8:Cr 3+ Ga2O3:Cr 3+ MgO: Cr 3+ Ni 2+ LiGa5O8:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ MgGa2O4:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ MgAl2O4: Cr 3+ Ni 2+ Sr2ScSbO6: Fe 3+ Sr2LuSbO6: Fe 3+ CaLaMgSbO6: Fe 3+ Ba2LuSbO6: Fe 3+ One or more of them. Furthermore, the biodegradable polymer matrix material is a photocurable elastic resin. Preferably, the photocurable elastic resin is selected from one or more of biodegradable polyurethane acrylate, polycaprolactone acrylate, polylactic acid acrylate, and epoxidized soybean oil acrylate. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the inorganic near-infrared stress luminescent material to the biodegradable polymer matrix material is 1:9 to 4:6. This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned organic-inorganic composite near-infrared stress-luminescent elastic scaffold, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare Cr using high-temperature solid-state reaction or sol-gel method. 3+ Fe 3+ or Ni 2+The doped oxide luminescent powder was ground and sieved to obtain luminescent micro / nano powder with uniform particle size. Step 2: Add the inorganic near-infrared stress luminescent powder obtained in Step 1 to a photocurable liquid elastic resin, and add a photoinitiator. By stirring and ultrasonic dispersion, a uniformly dispersed composite ink is obtained; the stirring time is 30-60 minutes, and the ultrasonic dispersion time is 10-30 minutes. Step 3: Load the composite ink obtained in Step 2 into the 3D printer barrel, and use the cylindrical surface as a base to print layer by layer through digital light processing or stereolithography to build a cylindrical support blank with a hollow, mesh structure. Step 4: Post-processing. The printed bracket preform is placed in an ultraviolet curing chamber for full curing, then cleaned and dried to obtain an organic-inorganic composite near-infrared stress-luminescent elastic bracket. Furthermore, in step 2, the photoinitiator is selected from one or more of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, liquid macromolecular photoinitiator, or 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone. Furthermore, in step 3, the 3D printing process parameters are: layer thickness of 25-100 μm and exposure time of 5-20 seconds per layer. This invention further provides the application of the above-described organic-inorganic composite near-infrared stress-luminescent elastic stent in the preparation of materials or devices for real-time monitoring after vascular surgery. Specifically, the stent is implanted at the site of vascular lesion. When changes in the internal vascular environment (such as restenosis leading to compression, stent movement, or breakage) cause the stent to deform under stress, the stress-luminescent material in the stent is excited to generate near-infrared light. The light signal is captured by an external near-infrared imaging device, enabling real-time monitoring of the stent status and the vascular microenvironment. Beneficial effects of the present invention Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Diverse material systems: covering Cr 3+ Doping, Cr 3+ / Ni 2+ Co-doped systems and Fe 3+ Activating the double perovskite system provides a rich selection of near-infrared emission bands, Fe 3+ The activating material exhibits low triggering stress and excellent thermal stability. High sensitivity and deep tissue monitoring: Near-infrared emission is located in the optical window of biological tissue, with strong tissue penetration, enabling non-invasive signal detection of deep tissues with little background interference. Mechanical fit and biocompatibility: Using biodegradable elastic resin as the matrix, the scaffold is given good flexibility and elasticity, and can be gradually degraded and absorbed in the body, avoiding the need for a second removal surgery. Controllable structure and personalized customization: Using 3D printing technology, the size and mesh structure of the support can be precisely controlled, enabling personalized customization. Real-time monitoring function: It realizes the integration of structure and function, and can monitor complications such as restenosis and stent migration in real time and dynamically. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 The XRD patterns of the luminescent materials prepared in Examples 1-2 of this invention are shown. Figure 2 The images show the elastic support fabricated in Embodiment 2 of the present invention under natural light and under 400 nm light. Figure 3 This is the stress emission spectrum of the support obtained in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 The images shown are the stress emission spectra of the support obtained in Examples 2-5 of this invention. Figure 5 The stress emission spectrum of the support obtained in Example 12 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the embodiments of this invention are not limited thereto, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should be included within the scope of this invention. In this embodiment of the invention, the photoinitiator is selected from one of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (819), liquid macromolecular photoinitiator, or 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone (184). The stirring time is 30-60 minutes, and the ultrasonic dispersion time is 10-30 minutes. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1: LiGa5O8:Cr 3+ - Polylactic acid acrylate composite elastic scaffold Stress-luminescent materials were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Raw materials Li₂CO₃ and Ga₂O₃ were weighed according to stoichiometric ratios, and each was doped with 3 mol% Cr₂O₃. The raw materials were thoroughly ground and mixed in an agate mortar, then placed in an alumina crucible and sintered at 1300℃ for 4 hours. After natural cooling, the sintered product was ground and passed through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain an inorganic luminescent material with an average particle size of approximately 2 μm: LiGa₅O₈: 3%Cr 3+ Inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent materials. 10 g of polylactic acid acrylate liquid resin was placed in a mixing beaker, and 4 g of the near-infrared stress luminescent powder prepared above was added to the beaker, along with 0.5 g of photoinitiator 819. The mixture was placed in a high-speed mixer and stirred at 1000 rpm for 30 minutes, followed by ultrasonic dispersion in an ultrasonic cleaner for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable composite ink. The composite ink was poured into the resin tank of the DLP 3D printer. Using a cylinder with a diameter of 5 mm as a model, a hollow mesh support model with a length of 20 mm, a wall thickness of 200 μm, and a rhomboid mesh was designed. The printing layer thickness was set to 50 μm, the bottom layer exposure time was 15 seconds, and the normal layer exposure time was 8 seconds. Printing was started, and the layers were cured layer by layer on the printing platform to obtain the support preform. The printed scaffold preform was gently rinsed with anhydrous ethanol to remove the uncured ink from the surface, and then placed in an ultraviolet curing chamber (365 nm, 100 W) to continue curing for 30 minutes to obtain the final near-infrared stress-luminescent composite elastic scaffold. Example 2: LiGa5O8:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ - Polylactic acid acrylate composite elastic scaffold Stress-luminescent materials were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Raw materials Li₂CO₃ and Ga₂O₃ were weighed according to stoichiometric ratios and doped with 2 mol% Cr₂O₃ and 4 mol% NiO, respectively. The raw materials were thoroughly ground and mixed in an agate mortar, then placed in an alumina crucible and sintered at 1350℃ for 4 hours. After natural cooling, the sintered product was ground and passed through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain an inorganic luminescent material with an average particle size of approximately 3 μm: LiGa₅O₈: 2%Cr 3+ 4%Ni 2+ Inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent materials. 10 g of polylactic acid acrylate liquid resin was placed in a mixing beaker, and 4 g of the near-infrared stress luminescent powder prepared above was added to the beaker, along with 0.5 g of photoinitiator 819. The mixture was placed in a high-speed mixer and stirred at 1000 rpm for 30 minutes, followed by ultrasonic dispersion in an ultrasonic cleaner for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable composite ink. The composite ink was poured into the resin tank of the DLP 3D printer. Using a cylinder with a diameter of 5 mm as a model, a hollow mesh support model with a length of 20 mm, a wall thickness of 200 μm, and a rhomboid mesh was designed. The printing layer thickness was set to 50 μm, the bottom layer exposure time was 15 seconds, and the normal layer exposure time was 8 seconds. Printing was started, and the layers were cured layer by layer on the printing platform to obtain the support preform. The printed scaffold preform was gently rinsed with anhydrous ethanol to remove the uncured ink from the surface, and then placed in an ultraviolet curing chamber (365 nm, 100 W) to continue curing for 30 minutes to obtain the final near-infrared stress-luminescent composite elastic scaffold. Example 3: MgGa2O4:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ - Polyurethane acrylate composite elastic scaffold Stress-luminescent materials were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Raw materials MgO and Ga2O3 were weighed according to stoichiometric ratios and doped with 5 mol% Cr2O3 and 3 mol% NiO, respectively. The raw materials were thoroughly ground and mixed in an agate mortar, then placed in an alumina crucible and sintered in a muffle furnace at 1500℃ for 5 hours. After natural cooling, the sintered product was ground and passed through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain MgGa2O4:5%Cr2O3 with an average particle size of approximately 5 μm. 3+ 3%Ni 2+ Near-infrared stress-luminescent powder. 10 g of biodegradable polyurethane acrylate liquid resin was placed in a mixing beaker, and 4 g of the near-infrared stress luminescent powder prepared above was added to the beaker, along with 0.5 g of photoinitiator 819. The mixture was placed in a high-speed mixer and stirred at 1000 rpm for 30 minutes, followed by ultrasonic dispersion in an ultrasonic cleaner for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable composite ink. The composite ink was poured into the resin tank of the DLP 3D printer. Using a cylinder with a diameter of 5 mm as a model, a hollow mesh support model with a length of 20 mm, a wall thickness of 200 μm, and a rhomboid mesh was designed. The printing layer thickness was set to 50 μm, the bottom layer exposure time was 15 seconds, and the normal layer exposure time was 8 seconds. Printing was started, and the layers were cured layer by layer on the printing platform to obtain the support preform. The printed scaffold preform was gently rinsed with anhydrous ethanol to remove the uncured ink from the surface, and then placed in an ultraviolet curing chamber (365 nm, 100 W) to continue curing for 30 minutes to obtain the final near-infrared stress-luminescent composite elastic scaffold. Example 4: MgO:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ - Polycaprolactone acrylate composite elastic scaffold This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 3, except that the inorganic luminescent material is MgO:Cr. 3+ Ni 2+ The scaffold was prepared using the sol-gel method with a sintering temperature of 1300℃. The polymer matrix was polycaprolactone acrylate; the mass ratio of inorganic powder to polymer was 3:7; TPO was used as the photoinitiator; the mixture was stirred for 45 minutes and sonicated for 15 minutes; and the printing layer thickness was set to 100 μm. The prepared scaffold also exhibited good stress luminescence properties. Example 5: MgAl2O4:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ -Epoxy soybean oil acrylate composite elastic scaffold In this embodiment, the inorganic luminescent material is MgAl2O4:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ (Cr: 1.0 mol%, Ni: 0.5 mol%), sintered at 1400℃ for 6 hours using the sol-gel method; the polymer matrix was epoxidized soybean oil acrylate; the inorganic powder to polymer mass ratio was 4:6; the photoinitiator was a liquid macromolecular photoinitiator; stirring for 40 minutes and sonication for 25 minutes; the printed layer thickness was 75 μm, and the exposure time was 12 seconds per layer. The resulting scaffold had a high bio-based content and was environmentally friendly. Example 6: Sr2ScSbO6:Fe 3+ - Polyurethane acrylate composite elastic scaffold (1) Preparation of inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent powder: Sr2ScSbO6:Fe was prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction method. 3+ (Fe doping concentration 1.0 mol%). SrCO3, Sc2O3, Sb2O5 and Fe2O3 were weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio, thoroughly ground and mixed, and then sintered at 1400℃ for 8 hours. After natural cooling, the mixture was ground and sieved to obtain luminescent powder. (2) Preparation of composite printing ink: Take 10 g of polyurethane acrylate and add 3 g of Sr2ScSbO6:Fe 3+ Add 0.5 g of photoinitiator 819 to the powder (mass ratio 3:7), stir for 45 minutes, and sonicate for 20 minutes. (3) Printing and post-processing: Same as in Example 1. The resulting bracket can trigger near-infrared emission (800-1000 nm) under low stress (about 1N), with high sensitivity. Example 7: Sr2LuSbO6:Fe 3+ - Polycaprolactone acrylate composite elastic scaffold This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 5, except that the inorganic luminescent material is Sr2LuSbO6:Fe. 3+(Fe: 1.5 mol%), sintering temperature 1450℃; polymer: polycaprolactone acrylate; inorganic powder to polymer mass ratio: 2:8; photoinitiator: TPO; stirring for 50 minutes, followed by sonication for 15 minutes. The resulting scaffold exhibits good near-infrared stress luminescence properties. Example 8: CaLaMgSbO6:Fe 3+ - Polylactic acid acrylate composite elastic scaffold In this embodiment, the inorganic luminescent material is CaLaMgSbO6:Fe 3+ (Fe: 0.8 mol%), sintered at 1350℃ for 6 hours using a high-temperature solid-state method; the polymer was polylactic acid acrylate; the mass ratio of inorganic powder to polymer was 1:4; the photoinitiator was 184; stirring for 60 minutes and sonication for 30 minutes were performed. The resulting scaffold exhibited good biodegradability and stable luminescent properties. Example 9: Ba2LuSbO6:Fe 3+ -Epoxy soybean oil acrylate composite elastic scaffold In this embodiment, the inorganic luminescent material is Ba2LuSbO6:Fe 3+ (Fe: 1.2 mol%), sintering temperature 1500℃; polymer is epoxidized soybean oil acrylate; inorganic powder to polymer mass ratio is 3:7; photoinitiator is liquid macromolecular photoinitiator; stirring for 35 minutes, sonication for 25 minutes; printing layer thickness 50 μm. The obtained scaffold has both good mechanical properties and near-infrared luminescence properties. Example 10: Ga2O3:Cr 3+ - Polyurethane acrylate composite elastic scaffold (1) Preparation of inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent powder: Ga2O3:Cr was prepared by template sacrificial method. 3+ Nanomaterials (Cr doping concentration 0.5 mol%). Raw materials were weighed according to stoichiometric ratio, and a precursor was prepared by hydrothermal reaction. The precursor was then calcined at 900℃ for 2 hours to obtain nanoscale luminescent powder. (2) Preparation of composite printing ink: Take 10 g of polyurethane acrylate and add 2.5 g of Ga2O3:Cr 3+ Add 0.5 g of photoinitiator 819 to the powder (mass ratio 2.5:7.5), stir for 40 minutes, and sonicate for 20 minutes. (3) Printing and post-processing: Same as in Example 1. The resulting bracket produces ultra-wideband near-infrared emission of 650-1100 nm under stress, with a wide half-peak width, suitable for multi-channel signal detection. Example 11: Ga2O3:Cr 3+ , Y 3+ - Polycaprolactone acrylate composite elastic scaffold In this embodiment, the inorganic luminescent material is Ga2O3:Cr 3+ , Y 3+ (Cr: 5 mol%, Y: 1.0 mol%), prepared using the template sacrificial method, Y 3+ Co-doping enhances stress luminescence intensity; the polymer is polycaprolactone acrylate; the mass ratio of inorganic powder to polymer is 1:3; the photoinitiator is TPO; stirring for 50 minutes and sonication for 25 minutes. The stress luminescence intensity of the resulting scaffold is significantly improved compared to Example 9. Example 12: LiAl5O8:Cr 3+ - Polycaprolactone acrylate composite elastic scaffold In this embodiment, the inorganic luminescent material is LiAl5O8:1%Cr 3+ The preparation method was the same as in Example 1; the polymer was polycaprolactone acrylate; the mass ratio of inorganic powder to polymer was 1:3; the photoinitiator was TPO; the mixture was stirred for 50 minutes and sonicated for 25 minutes. The stress luminescence intensity of the resulting scaffold was significantly improved compared to Example 9. The phase composition of the near-infrared luminescent material sample of the present invention was analyzed using an X-ray powder diffractometer (Minflex 600, Rigaku, Japan). The excitation and emission spectra of the sample were measured using an FLS980 (Edinburgh Instruments) fluorescence spectrometer. Periodic compressive stress was applied to the stent using an electronic universal testing machine, and stress emission signals were collected using a fiber optic spectrometer (ATP5020P). The results showed that the stent immediately emitted near-infrared light with a center wavelength of approximately 700 nm-1250 nm when subjected to mechanical force, and the emission intensity showed a good linear relationship with the magnitude of the applied stress. The samples synthesized by solid-phase reaction in Examples 1-12 were all pure phases as shown by XRD analysis. The XRD diffraction patterns of the near-infrared luminescent materials prepared in Examples 1 and 2 are as follows: Figure 1 As shown. Figure 2 The images show the elastic scaffold prepared in Example 2 and the images under 400nm excitation. Example 1 shows the near-infrared stress emission spectrum of the stent under a 10N force as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the emission spectrum of this luminescent material covers 660-950 nm, with a peak wavelength around 780 nm, originating from Cr. 3+ The luminescence of ions. The stress emission spectra of the elastic supports prepared in Examples 2-5 under a force of 10N are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the stress-induced luminescence of the support originates from Ni. 2+Ion near-infrared emission, with a spectral coverage of 1000-1600 nm, exhibits near-infrared II stress luminescence. like Figure 5 The image shows the stress emission spectrum of the elastic scaffold prepared in Example 12 under a force of 10N. Its emission peak is located at approximately 720 nm, originating from Cr. 3+ The luminescence of ions. The embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of example. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic-inorganic composite near-infrared stress-luminescent elastic scaffold, characterized in that, The scaffold is composed of a biodegradable polymer matrix material and an inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent material uniformly dispersed in the matrix material; The support is a hollow mesh cylindrical structure formed by 3D printing technology; The inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent material is a transition metal ion Cr. 3+ Fe 3+ or Ni 2+ Doped oxide luminescent materials; The biodegradable polymer matrix material is a photocurable elastic resin.

2. The near-infrared stress-emitting composite elastic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic near-infrared stress-luminescent material is selected from MgO:Cr 3+ MgGa2O4:Cr 3+ MgAl2O4: Cr 3+ LiGa5O8:Cr 3+ Ga2O3:Cr 3+ MgO: Cr 3+ Ni 2+ LiGa5O8:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ MgGa2O4:Cr 3+ Ni 2+ MgAl2O4: Cr 3+ Ni 2+ Sr2ScSbO6: Fe 3+ Sr2LuSbO6: Fe 3+ CaLaMgSbO6: Fe 3+ Ba2LuSbO6: Fe 3+ One or more of them.

3. The near-infrared stress-emitting composite elastic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocurable elastic resin is selected from one or more of biodegradable polyurethane acrylate, polycaprolactone acrylate, polylactic acid acrylate, and epoxidized soybean oil acrylate.

4. The near-infrared stress-emitting elastic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the inorganic near-infrared stress luminescent material to the biodegradable polymer matrix material is 1:9 to 4:

6.

5. A method for preparing a near-infrared stress-luminescent elastic scaffold as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare Cr using high-temperature solid-state reaction or sol-gel method. 3+ Fe 3+ or Ni 2+ Doped oxide luminescent powder, and then ground and sieved; Step 2: Add the inorganic near-infrared stress luminescent powder obtained in Step 1 to a photocurable liquid elastic resin, and add a photoinitiator. Disperse the mixture by stirring and ultrasonication to obtain a uniformly dispersed composite ink. The stirring time is 30-60 minutes and the ultrasonic dispersion time is 10-30 minutes. Step 3: Load the composite ink obtained in Step 2 into the 3D printer, and use the cylindrical surface as a base to print layer by layer through digital light processing or stereolithography to build a cylindrical support blank with a hollow mesh structure. Step 4: The printed bracket blank is cured, cleaned, and dried to obtain a near-infrared stress-luminescent composite elastic bracket.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 2, the photoinitiator is selected from one or more of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, liquid macromolecular photoinitiator, or 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 3, the 3D printing process parameters are: layer thickness of 25-100 μm and exposure time of 5-20 seconds per layer.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 1, the average particle size of the luminescent powder after grinding and sieving is 1-50 μm.

9. An application of the near-infrared stress-emitting elastic support as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Used to prepare implants for real-time monitoring after vascular surgery.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The monitoring involves implanting a stent into the lesion site of a blood vessel. When changes in the internal environment of the blood vessel cause the stent to deform under stress, the stent generates near-infrared light. The light signal is captured by an external near-infrared imaging device, enabling real-time monitoring of the stent's status and the vascular microenvironment.

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