A deep cooling adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of processing high temperature high humidity organic waste gas's deep cooling adsorption coupling device, it is related to environmental protection equipment technical field, it solves the existing processing high temperature high humidity gas process complex, energy consumption is big, and the problem of easy icing.The device includes horizontally placed reaction box, and the inside of reaction box is formed with end cold gas recycling area, air inlet passage pre-mist removal area, shallow condensation zone, deep condensation zone, activated carbon mist removal zone, activated carbon adsorption zone and cyclone dehydration zone.End cold gas recycling area in the device can reduce air temperature and preliminarily separate moisture on the one hand, on the other hand, it can recover cold quantity to save subsequent deep cooling refrigerant usage amount device adopts stepped reduction dehumidification to prevent icing design, waste gas is gradually cooled in the process of passing through end cold gas recycling area, shallow condensation zone and deep condensation zone, water vapor in waste gas will also gradually peel off moisture when passing through three areas, so that waste gas is not prone to icing phenomenon after entering deep cooling zone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection equipment technology, and to high temperature and high humidity waste gas treatment systems, particularly a cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high temperature and high humidity organic waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many industries inevitably generate high-temperature and high-humidity waste gases during their production processes. For example, in the coating and printing industry, the high-temperature curing process of paints and inks during the coating and baking process causes solvents to evaporate, producing waste gases containing benzene compounds and esters. At the same time, the baking process raises the temperature of the waste gases, and solvent evaporation increases the moisture content, forming high-temperature and high-humidity VOCs waste gases. In the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, the reaction processes in chemical reactors and the fermentation and purification processes in the pharmaceutical industry often discharge waste gases containing acidic gases and organic solvents. These waste gases often have temperatures exceeding 40°C and humidity greater than 60%.

[0003] Traditional waste gas treatment technologies have significant shortcomings in high-temperature and high-humidity environments. For example, while combustion methods can completely decompose VOCs, they are energy-intensive and have excessively high operating costs for low-concentration, high-temperature, and high-humidity waste gases. In ordinary photocatalytic oxidation methods, the catalyst activity is easily affected by moisture in high-humidity environments, leading to a decrease in activity. While improving activated carbon materials (such as using waterproof modified activated carbon) and optimizing device structure (adding a pretreatment dehumidification layer) retains the advantage of simple operation of traditional activated carbon adsorption technology, the long-term operation and subsequent maintenance and carbon replacement costs are higher. Furthermore, simply using activated carbon adsorption devices can cause equipment failure due to activated carbon absorbing water, and high-temperature gases pose safety hazards to activated carbon.

[0004] The core mechanism of condensers in treating high-temperature and high-humidity gases is to achieve gas-liquid phase change separation through heat exchange. Heat is transferred between the cooling medium and the high-temperature and high-humidity gas, lowering the gas temperature below the dew point of the target pollutant (or water vapor). This promotes the liquefaction of water vapor and condensable pollutants, ultimately achieving gas-liquid separation and purification. Simultaneously, if the high-temperature and high-humidity gas contains condensable pollutants, whose dew points are typically higher than (or close to) those of water vapor, these pollutants will liquefy concurrently as the gas cools to the water vapor dew point, mixing with the condensate to form a pollutant-containing waste liquid, thus achieving preliminary separation of pollutants from the gas.

[0005] Based on the above principles, traditional activated carbon adsorption equipment will fail due to the activated carbon absorbing water. Furthermore, high-temperature gases pose a safety hazard to activated carbon, resulting in low processing efficiency and frequent malfunctions. If the moisture removal from the waste gas is insufficient, and deep condensation is used to remove organic matter, the rapid temperature change in the equipment, without complete removal of moisture from the waste gas before entering the deep cooling zone, can cause the moisture in the waste gas to freeze quickly, leading to blockage in the deep cooling zone. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by designing a cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas, which solves the problems of complex, energy-intensive, and icing-prone processes in existing high-temperature and high-humidity gas treatment methods.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this invention is a cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas, comprising a horizontally placed reaction chamber, an outlet on one side of the reaction chamber, and an inlet on the top of the reaction chamber near the outlet. The interior of the reaction chamber forms a terminal cold gas reuse zone for pre-treating and cooling the waste gas and allowing initial separation of moisture through condensation; an inlet pre-demisting zone for initial demisting of the waste gas; a shallow condensing zone for initial condensation of the waste gas; a deep condensing zone for further condensation of the waste gas; an activated carbon demisting zone for demisting the waste gas; an activated carbon adsorption zone for adsorption filtration of the waste gas; and a cyclone dehydration zone that uses centrifugal force to strip moisture from the waste gas to reduce its water content. The terminal cold gas reuse zone serves as a core pre-treatment unit, utilizing the low temperature of the exhaust gas to pre-treat the high temperature of the inlet gas, achieving inlet gas cooling and initial moisture separation, while simultaneously recovering cold energy to save on subsequent cryogenic refrigerant usage. The cyclone dehydration zone, shallow condensation zone, deep condensation zone, activated carbon demisting zone, activated carbon adsorption zone, and terminal cold air reuse zone are arranged sequentially along the gas flow direction towards the outlet and are interconnected. Above and below the terminal cold air reuse zone are an intake zone connected to the inlet and a transition zone connected to the pre-demisting zone of the air inlet duct, respectively. After heat exchange, the exhaust gas enters the terminal cold air reuse zone from the intake zone and then enters the transition zone. The pre-demisting zone of the air inlet duct is located on at least one side of the reaction chamber and connects the terminal cold air reuse zone and the cyclone dehydration zone, thereby forming a multi-stage treatment process of terminal cold air reuse, pre-demisting, cyclone dehydration, and stepped condensation, achieving stepped dehumidification and preventing icing of the deep cryogenic unit.

[0008] To initially separate moisture from the exhaust gas, the terminal cold air reuse zone is equipped with several finned tubes, and there are gaps between adjacent finned tubes to facilitate the flow of gas from the activated carbon adsorption zone to the outlet. The upper and lower ends of the finned tubes are respectively connected to the air inlet zone and the transition zone, enabling heat exchange between the air flowing inside the finned tubes and the low-temperature exhaust gas flowing outside the gaps of the finned tubes, thereby achieving air cooling, preliminary dehumidification, and cold energy recovery.

[0009] To further separate moisture from the exhaust gas, the pre-demisting zones of the air inlet duct are respectively located on both sides of the reaction chamber. The swirling dehydration zone forms two spiral air ducts, which correspond to and are connected to the pre-demisting zones of the air inlet duct on both sides of the reaction chamber. The spiral air ducts extend spirally from the pre-demisting zones of the air inlet duct to the shallow condensation zone, so that the exhaust gas generates centrifugal force during spiral flow in the spiral air ducts, thereby stripping away moisture. This further improves the stepped dehumidification design and enhances the dehumidification effect.

[0010] In order to separate organic matter or moisture in the exhaust gas, multiple sets of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the shallow condensation zone. The top of the reaction chamber, located above the shallow condensation zone, is provided with a first refrigerant inlet and a first refrigerant outlet, which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tubes.

[0011] To further separate organic matter or moisture in the exhaust gas, multiple sets of heat exchange tubes are configured in the deep condensation zone. The top of the reaction chamber, located above the deep condensation zone, is provided with a second refrigerant inlet and a second refrigerant outlet, which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tubes.

[0012] In order to collect the separated water or organic matter, the bottom of the shallow condensation zone and the deep condensation zone are respectively recessed towards the center to form a collection zone, and the corresponding position at the bottom of the reaction tank is provided with a water outlet that is connected to the center of the collection zone.

[0013] To reduce energy consumption, the top of the reaction chamber is equipped with a cold energy recovery unit and two first thermometers for detecting the temperature of the shallow condensation zone and the deep condensation zone, respectively. The cold energy recovery unit can recover some of the deeply cooled waste gas in the deep condensation zone to the shallow condensation zone through a pipeline based on the temperature difference data of the shallow condensation zone and the deep condensation zone.

[0014] To facilitate the recovery and utilization of cold energy in the deep condensation zone, the cold energy recovery unit includes a pressure pump, the inlet and outlet of which are connected to the deep condensation zone and the shallow condensation zone respectively via pipelines.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the activated carbon adsorption zone is equipped with a multi-stage activated carbon layer and a fire sprinkler system. The multi-stage activated carbon layer is sequentially inserted into the reaction chamber and crosses the gas flow direction in the activated carbon adsorption zone. A second thermometer for detecting the temperature in the activated carbon adsorption zone is installed on the top of the reaction chamber. The fire sprinkler system can be turned on or off according to the monitoring result of the second thermometer.

[0016] In order to monitor whether the activated carbon layer is saturated, differential pressure gauges are respectively installed at the air inlet and the air outlet, and the differential pressure gauges can read the pressure difference between the air inlet and the air outlet respectively.

[0017] Its advantages over existing technologies are: The cryogenic adsorption coupling device provided by this invention can reduce the temperature and humidity of the inlet gas to a suitable operating condition without changing the physical properties of the inlet gas, and improve the system adsorption efficiency without increasing the equipment footprint. During waste gas treatment, the organic waste gas enters through the inlet and sequentially passes through functional zones such as the terminal cold air reuse zone, the inlet duct pre-demisting zone, the cyclone dehydration zone, the shallow condensation zone, the deep condensation zone, the activated carbon demisting zone, and the activated carbon adsorption zone, gradually cooling, dehumidifying, and adsorbing and separating harmful substances. Specifically, the terminal cold air reuse zone achieves heat exchange and cooling of the hot and cold waste gas and preliminary separation of moisture; the inlet duct pre-demisting zone reduces cold loss and removes water vapor; and the cyclone dehydration zone further reduces the water content of the waste gas through centrifugal force, preventing icing in the condensation zone due to excessive moisture content. The shallow condensation zone and the deep condensation zone separate VOCs with different boiling points and collect organic liquids, respectively. The activated carbon adsorption zone can adsorb organic matter in the organic waste gas, and finally realize the recycling and treatment of organic waste gas. This solves the pain points of easy icing and blockage of the deep condensation unit, difficulty in recycling organic matter, and rapid decline in activated carbon adsorption efficiency under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

[0018] Traditional equipment is prone to icing because the temperature changes too rapidly, and the water vapor in the exhaust gas does not completely detach before entering the cryogenic zone, resulting in icing. In this device, the exhaust gas is cooled step-by-step as it passes through the terminal cold air reuse zone, the shallow condensation zone, and the deep condensation zone. This allows the temperature to decrease slowly and gradually, preventing rapid changes. Simultaneously, the water vapor in the exhaust gas is gradually stripped away as it passes through the terminal cold air reuse zone, the inlet duct pre-demisting zone, and the cyclone dehydration zone, making it less prone to icing upon entering the cryogenic zone.

[0019] The device uses a three-stage cooling process for exhaust gas, consisting of a terminal cold air reuse zone, a shallow condensation zone, and a deep condensation zone. In particular, the terminal cold air reuse zone makes full use of the cooling capacity that would otherwise be lost from the deep condensation zone to treat the incoming high-temperature and high-humidity gas. This reduces the amount of refrigerant used and also plays a role in energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0020] The terminal cold air reuse zone, as one of the core innovative units, utilizes the low temperature of the exhaust gas to pre-treat the high temperature of the intake gas. This reduces the intake gas temperature and initially separates moisture, while simultaneously recovering cooling capacity to save on subsequent cryogenic refrigerant usage. The device employs a stepped dehumidification design to prevent icing. Through multi-stage synergistic treatment—comprising the terminal cold air reuse zone, the intake duct pre-demisting zone, the cyclone dehydration zone, the shallow condensation zone, and the deep condensation zone—it achieves a stepped reduction in exhaust gas temperature and gradual moisture removal, preventing icing and blockage in the cryogenic unit. Each functional zone is sequentially connected along the gas flow direction. After undergoing these multi-stage treatments, the exhaust gas achieves progressive cooling and dehumidification, and the separation of organic pollutants. This device, through the synergistic effect of its two core innovations, reduces energy consumption, ensures stable equipment operation, extends the lifespan of activated carbon, and is suitable for high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas treatment scenarios. It features a compact structure and strong practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural elevation diagram of a cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas. Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas. Figure 3 This is a top-view cross-sectional diagram of a cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas.

[0022] In the diagram, 1 is the reaction chamber; 101 is the air inlet; 102 is the air outlet; 103 is the water outlet; 2 is the terminal cold air reuse zone; 3 is the pre-demisting zone of the air inlet duct; 4 is the cyclone dehydration zone; 401 is the spiral air duct; 5 is the shallow condensation zone; 501 is the first refrigerant inlet; 502 is the first refrigerant outlet; 6 is the deep condensation zone; 601 is the second refrigerant inlet; 602 is the second refrigerant outlet; 7 is the activated carbon demisting zone; 8 is the activated carbon adsorption zone; 9 is the collection zone; 10 is the air inlet zone; 11 is the transition zone; 12 is the cold energy recovery unit; 1201 is the pressure pump; 13 is the first thermometer; 14 is the second thermometer; and 15 is the differential pressure gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas. The device mainly consists of a reaction chamber 1 and various functional zones disposed within the reaction chamber 1. The waste gas passes sequentially through these functional zones, gradually cooling and dehumidifying while adsorbing and separating harmful substances from the waste gas. This device can reduce the gas temperature and humidity to suitable operating conditions without altering the physical properties of the waste gas, and simultaneously improves the system's adsorption efficiency without increasing the equipment footprint.

[0025] For details, see Figures 1-3 The interior of the reaction chamber 1 is hollow, and all functional areas are integrated inside the reaction chamber 1, making full use of space and occupying a small area.

[0026] The main body of reaction chamber 1 is made of 304 stainless steel to strengthen the structure and corrosion resistance of the chamber.

[0027] An exhaust port 102 is provided on the right side of the reaction chamber 1 for exhausting gas. An inlet 101 is provided on the right side of the top of the reaction chamber 1 (i.e., near the exhaust port 102), through which organic waste gas enters the reaction chamber 1.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the reaction chamber 1 has the following functional zones from left to right: cyclone dehydration zone 4, shallow condensation zone 5, deep condensation zone 6, activated carbon demisting zone 7, activated carbon adsorption zone 8, terminal cold air reuse zone 2, air inlet duct pre-demisting zone 3, air inlet zone 10, and transition zone 11.

[0029] The terminal cold air reuse zone 2 is located on the far right inside the reaction chamber 1. As a core pretreatment unit, it utilizes the low temperature of the exhaust gas to pretreat the high temperature of the intake gas, achieving intake air cooling and initial moisture separation, while simultaneously recovering cold energy to save on subsequent cryogenic refrigerant usage. The intake zone 10 and transition zone 11 are located above and below the terminal cold air reuse zone 2, respectively, and are separated from it by partitions, not directly connected. The air inlet 101 communicates with the intake zone 10, and the transition zone 11 is connected to the pre-demisting zones 3 of the air inlets located on the front and rear sides inside the reaction chamber 1.

[0030] Several high-surface-area finned tubes are provided in the terminal cold air reuse zone 2. Several mounting holes are opened on the partitions on the upper and lower sides of the terminal cold air reuse zone 2, and the mounting holes correspond one-to-one with the finned tubes. The upper and lower ends of the finned tubes are respectively installed in the corresponding mounting holes. The finned tubes have several fins with high surface area to improve heat dissipation. The upper and lower ends of the finned tubes are open, so after the high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas from the outside enters the air inlet zone 10 in the reaction chamber 1 through the air inlet 101, it will disperse and enter the several finned tubes in sequence. After entering the finned tubes, the organic waste gas will exchange heat with the outside of the tubes and be cooled down. The moisture in the waste gas will be initially separated through condensation.

[0031] A water outlet 103 is provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1. The water outlet 103 is connected to the transition zone 11. The separated water will drip into the transition zone 11 and then be discharged from the water outlet 103.

[0032] Next, the organic waste gas will enter the transition zone 11 downwards along the finned tube, and then disperse from the transition zone 11 into the pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlet duct on both the front and rear sides of the reaction chamber 1. The pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlet duct is equipped with a wire mesh demisting structure, and the liquefied water vapor is dehydrated by passing through the demisting layer in the channel.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the cyclone dehydration zone 4 is located on the far left inside the reaction chamber 1. An air duct is formed between the pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlet on both the front and rear sides of the reaction chamber 1. The shallow condensation zone 5, deep condensation zone 6, activated carbon demisting zone 7, activated carbon adsorption zone 8, and terminal cold air reuse zone 2 are arranged sequentially from left to right in the air duct. The shallow condensation zone 5, deep condensation zone 6, activated carbon demisting zone 7, activated carbon adsorption zone 8, and terminal cold air reuse zone 2 are separated from the pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlet by a partition.

[0034] Two spiral air ducts 401 are formed in the cyclone dehydration zone 4. These two spiral air ducts 401 correspond to the pre-demisting zones 3 of the air inlets on the front and rear sides of the reaction chamber 1, respectively. The pre-demisting zones 3 of the air inlets are connected to the shallow condensation zone 5 through the spiral air ducts 401.

[0035] One end of the spiral air duct 401 extends spirally from the pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlet duct to the shallow condensation zone 5. Therefore, from the top view, the functional zones inside the reaction chamber 1 are symmetrically distributed.

[0036] Organic waste gas enters the two spiral air ducts 401 through the pre-demisting zone 3 on the front and rear sides of the reaction chamber 1. When the waste gas impacts the spiral air ducts 401, it generates eddies, which causes the moisture in the waste gas to be stripped off under the action of centrifugal force and then finally collected by gravity sedimentation. This step will further reduce the water content in the waste gas and prepare it for deep cryogenic treatment.

[0037] The pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlet duct located on the front and rear sides inside the reaction chamber 1 has a higher temperature than the shallow condensation zone 5 and the deep condensation zone 6, forming an external heat and internal cold. This reduces the loss of cooling capacity while cooling the gas at the front end of the flow path. The liquefied water vapor loses moisture by passing through the demisting layer in the channel.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, multiple sets of high-surface-area finned heat exchange tubes are installed in the shallow condensation zone 5. The heat exchange tubes extend along an S-shape to increase their length within a limited space. Air enters at the front end of the heat exchange tubes and exits at the rear end.

[0039] A first refrigerant inlet 501 and a first refrigerant outlet 502 are located at the top of the reaction chamber 1, above the shallow condensation zone 5. The front end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the first refrigerant inlet 501, and the rear end is connected to the first refrigerant outlet 502. The refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube through the first refrigerant inlet 501, flowing in a forward-outward manner, and is discharged through the first refrigerant outlet 502 after heat exchange. The refrigerant flow rate is controlled by the intelligent control system of the cryogenic adsorption coupling device, which maintains the temperature between -25℃ and -35℃ based on the temperature difference between the front and rear ends, thus separating medium-boiling-point VOCs.

[0040] After entering the shallow condensation zone 5 through the spiral duct 401, the organic waste gas exchanges heat with the heat exchange tubes. Most of the water vapor or organic matter in the waste gas condenses into liquid and settles to the bottom of the shallow condensation zone 5. The bottom of the shallow condensation zone 5 inside the reaction chamber 1 is recessed towards the center to form a funnel-shaped collection zone 9. The liquid can converge and be collected in the center of the collection zone 9, and finally discharged from the outlet 103 at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1. This outlet 103 is connected to the center of the collection zone 9.

[0041] In order to monitor the temperature of the shallow condensation zone 5, a first thermometer 13 is installed on the top of the reaction chamber 1. The probe of the first thermometer 13 extends into the shallow condensation zone 5 to detect the temperature of the shallow condensation zone 5, so that the intelligent control system can control the temperature between -25℃ and -35℃ according to the temperature difference before and after.

[0042] See also Figure 2 Multiple sets of high-surface-area finned heat exchange tubes are also installed in the deep condensation zone 6. The heat exchange tubes extend in an S-shape to increase their length within a limited space. Air enters at the front end of the heat exchange tubes and exits at the rear end.

[0043] A second refrigerant inlet 601 and a second refrigerant outlet 602 are located at the top of the reaction chamber 1, above the deep condensation zone 6. The front end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the second refrigerant inlet 601, and the rear end is connected to the second refrigerant outlet 602. The refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube through the second refrigerant inlet 601, flowing in a forward-outward manner, and is discharged through the second refrigerant outlet 602 after heat exchange. The refrigerant flow rate is controlled by the intelligent control system of the deep cryogenic adsorption coupling device, which maintains the temperature between -60℃ and -80℃ based on the temperature difference between the front and rear ends, thus separating medium-boiling-point VOCs.

[0044] After the organic waste gas enters the deep condensation zone 6 from the shallow condensation zone 5, it undergoes deep heat exchange with the heat exchange tubes. A small portion of residual water vapor or organic matter in the waste gas will condense into liquid and settle to the bottom of the deep condensation zone 6. The bottom of the deep condensation zone 6 within the reaction chamber 1 is recessed towards the center, forming a funnel-shaped collection zone 9. The liquid can converge and be collected in the center of the collection zone 9, and finally discharged from the outlet 103 at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1. This outlet 103 is connected to the center of the collection zone 9.

[0045] In order to monitor the temperature of the deep condensation zone 6, a first thermometer 13 is installed on the top of the reaction chamber 1. The probe of the first thermometer 13 extends into the deep condensation zone 6 to detect the temperature of the deep condensation zone 6, so that the intelligent control system can control the temperature between -60℃ and -80℃ according to the temperature difference before and after.

[0046] Since most of the moisture in the exhaust gas has been removed in the shallow condensation zone 5, very little moisture remains. Therefore, the exhaust gas will not freeze in large quantities when it reaches the deep condensation zone 6.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a cold energy recovery unit 12 is also provided at the top of the reaction chamber 1. This cold energy recovery unit 12 mainly includes a pressure pump 1201. The inlet of the pressure pump 1201 is connected to the rear end of the deep condensation zone 6 through a pipe, and the outlet is connected to the front end of the shallow condensation zone 5 through a pipe. After the organic waste gas passes through the deep condensation zone 6, the system recovers and utilizes part of the deeply cooled organic waste gas based on data such as the temperature difference before and after. The recovered waste gas is drawn back to the shallow condensation zone 5 through the pipe by the pressure pump 1201. Firstly, the temperature of the deep condensation zone 6 is lower, which can supplement the cold energy of the shallow condensation zone 5 and reduce energy consumption; secondly, it can perform secondary condensation on organic matter that is difficult to separate.

[0048] See Figure 3 The activated carbon demisting zone 7 is equipped with a wire mesh demisting structure, which further removes water vapor from the organic waste gas through the demisting layer.

[0049] The activated carbon adsorption zone 8 is equipped with multi-stage activated carbon layers and a fire sprinkler system (not shown in the figure). The multi-stage activated carbon layers are arranged sequentially along the gas flow direction within the air duct of the activated carbon adsorption zone 8, thus forming a series connection. The exhaust gas will be adsorbed and filtered by the multi-stage activated carbon layers in sequence.

[0050] The activated carbon layer has a double-layer structure: the lower layer is hydrophobically modified activated carbon, and the upper layer is honeycomb activated carbon. The hydrophobically modified activated carbon facilitates the drainage of moisture from the activated carbon layer, thereby improving its service life. The activated carbon layer uses a pull-out carbon replacement system. The activated carbon replacement port and activated carbon loading / unloading port are respectively located in the activated carbon demisting zone 7 and the adsorption zone of the reaction chamber 1, facilitating the replacement of the packing material and the activated carbon layer itself. The activated carbon layer is directly inserted into the activated carbon loading / unloading port.

[0051] A second thermometer 14 is also installed at the top of the reaction chamber 1. The probe of the second thermometer 14 extends into the activated carbon adsorption zone 8 to monitor its temperature. When the second thermometer 14 detects that the temperature continues to rise to a critical value, the system will activate the fire sprinkler system to cool the equipment and prevent deflagration.

[0052] Since most of the water vapor has been removed by gradient condensation in shallow condensation zone 5 and deep condensation zone 6, the water vapor in the exhaust gas reaching activated carbon adsorption zone 8 is very scarce, thus ensuring the activity of the activated carbon layer, improving the water absorption attenuation problem, and extending its service life.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, both the air inlet 101 and the air outlet 102 on the reaction chamber 1 are flanged for connection to pipelines. Differential pressure gauges 15 are also installed at the air inlet 101 and the air outlet 102 respectively, which can read the pressure difference between the air inlet 101 and the air outlet 102. As the activated carbon layer gradually adsorbs to saturation, the reading of the differential pressure gauge 15 will gradually increase, thus prompting the system to replace the activated carbon without requiring frequent on-site manual inspections.

[0054] Specifically, in the treatment of organic waste gas, the high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas enters the intake zone 10 through the intake port 101, and then disperses from the intake zone 10 into several finned tubes in the terminal cold air reuse zone 2 for heat exchange and initial separation of moisture (the cooling capacity of the terminal cold air reuse zone 2 comes from the treated waste gas after passing through the deep condensation zone 6). Then, the waste gas enters downward into the transition zone 11, and disperses from the transition zone 11 into the pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlets on both sides, which can reduce the loss of cooling capacity and remove moisture. Then, the waste gas enters the corresponding spiral air duct 401 from the pre-demisting zone 3 of the air inlets on both sides. Under the action of the spiral air duct 401, the waste gas will generate vortices, and the moisture content of the waste gas will be further reduced through centrifugal force. Next, the exhaust gas sequentially enters the shallow condensation zone 5 (-25℃~-35℃) and the deep condensation zone 6 (-60℃~-80℃), where VOCs with different boiling points are separated in a gradient and organic liquids are collected. Simultaneously, moisture is further removed in the shallow condensation zone 5, reducing the risk of the exhaust gas freezing in the deep condensation zone 6. The cold energy recovery unit 12 returns a portion of the deeply cooled exhaust gas from the deep condensation zone 6 to the shallow condensation zone 5 for secondary condensation. Finally, the exhaust gas sequentially enters the activated carbon demisting zone 7 and the activated carbon adsorption zone 8, further removing moisture and organic matter. The treated gas then passes through the terminal cold air reuse zone 2 and is discharged from the outlet 102. In the terminal cold air reuse zone 2, the treated exhaust gas exchanges heat with the high-temperature, high-humidity exhaust gas entering the finned tube, creating a closed-loop flow. The terminal cold air reuse zone 2 fully utilizes the remaining cooling capacity of the exhaust gas, eliminating the need for additional refrigerant and reducing refrigerant usage, thus achieving energy savings.

[0055] When the high-temperature and high-humidity exhaust gas passes through the three zones of terminal cold air reuse zone, shallow condensation zone, and deep condensation zone, the exhaust gas temperature decreases step by step without changing too rapidly. At the same time, the water vapor in the exhaust gas is gradually stripped away as it passes through the terminal cold air reuse zone, the inlet duct pre-demisting zone, and the cyclone dehydration zone, making it less likely for the exhaust gas to freeze after entering the deep condensation zone. Moreover, the terminal cold air reuse zone utilizes the cooling energy from the deep condensation zone, greatly reducing the use of cooling energy.

[0056] This device is suitable for high-humidity organic waste gas with temperatures of 80~120℃ and relative humidity of ≥85%. It extends the activated carbon replacement cycle by 3~5 times, combining environmental protection and economy. It is suitable for industries such as pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. It has a compact structure, is easy to operate, and is suitable for new construction and upgrading projects with limited land.

[0057] The above technical solutions only embody the preferred technical solutions of the present invention. Any modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art to certain parts thereof embody the principles of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas, characterized in that, The reaction chamber (1) is placed horizontally. An outlet (102) is provided on one side of the reaction chamber (1), and an inlet (101) is provided on the top of the reaction chamber (1) near the outlet (102). The interior of the reaction chamber (1) includes a terminal cold air reuse zone (2) for pre-treating and cooling the exhaust gas and allowing the moisture in the exhaust gas to be initially separated by condensation; a pre-demisting zone (3) for initially demisting the exhaust gas; a shallow condensation zone (5) for initially condensing the exhaust gas; and a... The deep condensation zone (6) for further condensing the exhaust gas, the activated carbon demisting zone (7) for demisting the exhaust gas, the activated carbon adsorption zone (8) for adsorption filtration of the exhaust gas, and the cyclone dehydration zone (4) for removing moisture from the exhaust gas using centrifugal force to reduce the water content in the exhaust gas, the terminal cold gas reuse zone (2) serves as the core pretreatment unit for using the low temperature of the exhaust gas to pretreat the high temperature of the intake gas, thereby achieving intake gas cooling and initial moisture separation, while recovering cold energy to save the amount of subsequent deep cryogenic refrigerant used; The cyclone dehydration zone (4), shallow condensation zone (5), deep condensation zone (6), activated carbon demisting zone (7), activated carbon adsorption zone (8), and terminal cold air reuse zone (2) are arranged sequentially and interconnected with each other along the gas flow direction towards the outlet (102). Above and below the terminal cold air reuse zone (2) are respectively an air intake zone (10) connected to the air inlet (101) and a transition zone connected to the pre-demisting zone (3) of the air inlet duct. (11) After the exhaust gas enters the terminal cold air reuse zone (2) from the air intake zone (10) for heat exchange, it can enter the transition zone (11). The air intake pre-demisting zone (3) is set on at least one side of the reaction box (1) and connects the terminal cold air reuse zone (2) with the cyclone dehydration zone (4), thereby forming a multi-stage treatment process of terminal cold air reuse, pre-demisting, cyclone dehydration and step condensation, so as to realize step reduction dehumidification and prevent the deep cryogenic unit from freezing.

2. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal cold air reuse zone (2) is equipped with several finned tubes and there are gaps between adjacent finned tubes to facilitate the flow of gas from the activated carbon adsorption zone (8) to the air outlet (102). The upper and lower ends of the finned tubes are respectively connected to the air inlet zone (10) and the transition zone (11), which enables the air flowing in the finned tubes to exchange heat with the low-temperature gas flowing in the gaps outside the finned tubes, thereby achieving air cooling, preliminary dehumidification and cold energy recovery.

3. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet pre-demisting zone (3) is respectively located on both sides of the reaction chamber (1). The swirling dehydration zone (4) forms two spiral air ducts (401). The two spiral air ducts (401) correspond to and are connected to the air inlet pre-demisting zone (3) on both sides of the reaction chamber (1). The spiral air duct (401) extends spirally from the air inlet pre-demisting zone (3) to the shallow condensation zone (5), so that the exhaust gas generates centrifugal force during the spiral flow in the spiral air duct (401) to remove moisture.

4. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the shallow condensation zone (5). The top of the reaction chamber (1) is located above the shallow condensation zone (5) and is provided with a first refrigerant inlet (501) and a first refrigerant outlet (502). The first refrigerant inlet (501) and the first refrigerant outlet (502) are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tubes.

5. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deep condensation zone (6) is equipped with multiple sets of heat exchange tubes. The top of the reaction chamber (1) is located above the deep condensation zone (6) and is provided with a second refrigerant inlet (601) and a second refrigerant outlet (602). The second refrigerant inlet (601) and the second refrigerant outlet (602) are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tubes.

6. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the shallow condensation zone (5) and the deep condensation zone (6) are respectively recessed towards the center to form a collection zone (9), and the corresponding position at the bottom of the reaction tank (1) is provided with a water outlet (103) that communicates with the center of the collection zone (9).

7. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the reaction chamber (1) is equipped with a cold energy recovery unit (12) and two first thermometers (13) for detecting the temperature of the shallow condensation zone (5) and the deep condensation zone (6), respectively. The cold energy recovery unit (12) can recover some of the deeply cooled waste gas in the deep condensation zone (6) to the shallow condensation zone (5) through a pipeline based on the temperature difference data of the shallow condensation zone (5) and the deep condensation zone (6) obtained by monitoring.

8. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cold energy recovery unit (12) includes a pressure pump (1201), the inlet and outlet of which are connected to the deep condensation zone (6) and the shallow condensation zone (5) through pipelines, respectively.

9. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activated carbon adsorption zone (8) is equipped with a multi-stage activated carbon layer and a fire sprinkler device. The multi-stage activated carbon layer is inserted into the reaction chamber (1) in sequence and crosses the flow direction of the gas in the activated carbon adsorption zone (8). A second thermometer (14) for detecting the temperature in the activated carbon adsorption zone (8) is provided on the top of the reaction chamber (1). The fire sprinkler device can be turned on or off according to the monitoring result of the second thermometer (14).

10. The cryogenic adsorption coupling device for treating high-temperature and high-humidity organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Differential pressure gauges (15) are respectively installed at the air inlet (101) and the air outlet (102), and the differential pressure gauges (15) can read the pressure difference between the air inlet (101) and the air outlet (102).

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