An inclined inverted pyrolysis apparatus

Abstract

An inclined and inverted pyrolysis device comprises a cylinder device, a heating furnace, a driving device, a feeding mechanism and a discharging cover. The cylinder device is inclined, with an open low end and a closed high end. The feeding mechanism and the discharging cover are arranged at the low end of the cylinder device. The driving device drives the cylinder device to rotate in two directions. When the cylinder device rotates forward, the material is uniformly distributed along the axial direction and undergoes pyrolysis reaction. When the cylinder device rotates reversely, the material is quickly discharged from the low end into the discharging cover. The pyrolysis device can utilize 100% of raw materials. The residence time of the material in the cylinder is flexible and adjustable. The material filling rate is high. The processing capacity is large. The sealing performance is good. The pyrolysis efficiency is high. The device is easy to install and transport. It can be widely used in the chemical industry for pyrolysis of low-rank coal, oil shale, oil sand and other materials. It can be used in the resource recycling industry for the regeneration of activated carbon with surface-attached organic matter and the regeneration of catalysts. It can also be used in the pyrolysis treatment industry for organic solid waste, oil-containing sludge and other solid waste containing organic matter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis equipment for the chemical industry, specifically a tilted inverted pyrolysis device. Background Technology

[0002] Pyrolysis of low-rank coal to produce coal gas, tar, and semi-coke is a better way to cleanly utilize low-rank coal, overcoming its shortcomings such as high moisture content and easy pulverization, which prevent its direct use.

[0003] Solid raw materials containing organic matter, such as industrial solid waste, oil shale, oil sands, and oily sludge, require long-term pyrolysis to extract the organic matter and achieve comprehensive resource utilization.

[0004] Conventional pyrolysis methods include vertical equipment such as Fushun furnace, fluidized bed, and Lurgi three-stage furnace; horizontal rotary equipment mainly includes rotary kiln pyrolysis and ATP furnace.

[0005] Vertical shaft furnace pyrolysis is a mature process with low equipment costs, but it requires the material to be in block form, and powdery materials in the raw materials cannot be utilized. It also has low pyrolysis efficiency and small processing capacity. Fluidized bed pyrolysis has a rapid reaction, but it has high requirements for material particle size. Gas heat carrier direct heat exchange rotary kiln has a large processing capacity, but process parameters are difficult to control, explosions are prone to occur, and safety is poor.

[0006] Rotary kiln equipment offers continuous processing and high throughput, but the large castings and forgings used in rotary kilns, such as large gear rings, rolling rings, and support rollers, limit the production cost and installation cycle of pyrolysis units, hindering their rapid widespread application. Furthermore, the large-diameter, high-temperature rotary seals of rotary kilns are difficult to solve, posing a safety hazard of leaking flammable and explosive pyrolysis gases.

[0007] When rotary kilns process materials with extremely long residence times, the control is generally achieved by increasing the length of the cylinder, reducing the cylinder speed, or decreasing the cylinder installation inclination. However, reducing the cylinder speed is not conducive to sufficient heat exchange of the material, decreasing the cylinder installation inclination can easily cause the material to accumulate at the feed inlet, and increasing the cylinder length will increase equipment costs and floor space. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an inclined inverted pyrolysis device. By adopting an inclined cylindrical structure with one end open and the other end closed, combined with a bidirectional rotation drive and an internal spiral feeding unit, the device achieves the objectives of having a compact structure, reliable sealing, and high processing efficiency.

[0009] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: an inclined inverted pyrolysis device, including a cylindrical device, a heating furnace, a driving device, a feeding mechanism, and a discharge hood; The cylindrical device is inclined, with an opening at the lower end and a closed upper end; Both the feeding mechanism and the discharge hood are located at the lower end of the cylindrical device, and the feeding screw in the feeding mechanism passes through the inner cavity of the discharge hood and extends into the interior of the cylindrical device. The driving device drives the cylinder to rotate in both directions. When the cylinder rotates forward, the material is evenly distributed along the axial direction and undergoes a pyrolysis reaction. When it rotates in reverse, the material is quickly discharged from the lower end into the discharge hood.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical device is equipped with a spiral pushing unit inside, which is used to push the material to the upper end when the cylinder rotates forward and to assist the material to be quickly discharged to the lower end when the cylinder rotates in reverse. The spiral pushing unit consists of several sets of spiral plates with different heights and pitches arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical device.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the height of the spiral feeding unit is close to the inner radius of the cylinder device, so that the filling rate of the material in the cylinder reaches 30% to 40%.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical device consists of a low-end hollow shaft, a straight section of the cylindrical body, and a high-end hollow shaft, which are connected by flange bolts; the inner sides of both ends of the straight section of the cylindrical body are provided with insulation material layers.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the cylindrical device is supported by a lower end support device, and the upper end is supported by a higher end support device; the support device is a rolling bearing assembly support or a roller support.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper, a buffer bin, and a feeding screw connected in sequence, wherein the feeding screw extends into the interior of the cylindrical device through the discharge hood and the lower hollow shaft.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the discharge hood is located at the lower hollow shaft, with an exhaust flange at the top and a discharge port flange at the bottom. A sealing device is provided between the discharge hood and the lower hollow shaft to isolate external air from the internal pyrolysis environment.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the heating furnace is an external heating device, which is wrapped around the outside of the cylindrical heating section. The heating method is selected from any one of electromagnetic heating, resistance wire heating, hot flue gas heating, steam heating, natural gas burner combustion heating, or pulverized coal burner combustion heating.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the drive device includes a motor, a reducer, and a drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft is bolted to the end face of the high-end hollow shaft, and the other end passes through the reducer output shaft sleeve and is connected to the reducer output shaft using a locking disc. The reducer and motor are mounted on the high-end hollow shaft via the drive shaft.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, a torque arm and a torque arm support are also provided at the input shaft end of the reducer. The torque arm support is fixed on the frame to counteract the reverse torque of the motor and reducer driving the cylinder device to rotate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a pyrolysis device that is compact, reliably sealed, and highly efficient by employing an inclined cylindrical structure with one open end and one closed end, combined with a bidirectional rotary drive and a special internal spiral feeding unit. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: Firstly, the processing time is flexible and controllable, adapting to materials with extremely long residence times. This invention, by controlling the forward rotation speed and operating time of the cylinder, allows for pyrolysis reactions of materials within the cylinder for any duration. Under conditions of a shorter cylinder and higher rotation speed, it reduces investment, ensures sufficient heat exchange, and provides an infinitely long processing time; simply control the cylinder to rotate forward at a suitable speed and maintain the required reaction time. There is no need to increase the cylinder length or reduce the rotation speed, making it particularly suitable for materials requiring long-term pyrolysis treatment, such as oil shale and oily sludge. Furthermore, the overall process is highly flexible and efficient; forward rotation results in a long material residence time, while reverse rotation results in a short material unloading time.

[0020] Secondly, it has a high filling rate and large processing capacity. Since the height of the spiral pusher unit is close to the radius of the cylinder, the material filling rate in the cylinder can reach about 40%, which far exceeds the 3% to 15% filling rate of traditional rotary kilns, significantly improving the single-machine processing capacity.

[0021] Thirdly, it has wide material adaptability and high raw material utilization. The device can process various forms of materials such as powder and lumps, and has no strict requirements on the particle size of the materials. The raw materials can be 100% utilized and are suitable for various organic solid raw materials such as low-rank coal, industrial solid waste, oil sand, and oily sludge.

[0022] Fourth, it has excellent sealing performance and high safety. The cylinder is only open at one end with a small diameter, which makes it easy to design a highly reliable sealing device, effectively isolates external air, prevents the leakage of flammable and explosive gases, and significantly improves the safety of the pyrolysis process.

[0023] Fifth, it offers diverse heating methods and is suitable for a wide range of working conditions. The heating furnace can adopt various methods such as electromagnetic heating, resistance wire heating, hot flue gas heating, steam heating, gas or pulverized coal combustion, to adapt to different energy conditions and process requirements.

[0024] Sixth, the equipment has a compact structure, which facilitates transportation and installation. The whole machine adopts a skid-mounted structure, and all components are integrated and installed on the frame, which facilitates overall transportation and rapid installation. It is suitable for mobile or distributed pyrolysis processing scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of the pyrolysis apparatus described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the pyrolysis apparatus described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a sectional view of the cylindrical assembly; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-end support device structure; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission device.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Feed hopper; 2. Buffer bin; 3. Feed screw; 4. Discharge hood; 5. Sealing unit; 6. Low-end support device; 7. Cylinder assembly; 8. Heating furnace; 9. High-end support device; 10. Drive device; 11. Frame; 12. Low-end hollow shaft; 13. Straight section cylinder; 14. Screw pusher unit; 15. Insulation material layer; 16. High-end hollow shaft; 17. Bearing cover; 18. Rolling bearing; 19. Bearing positioning nut; 20. Seal; 21. Through cover; 22. Bearing seat; 23. Drive shaft; 24. Reducer; 25. Motor; 26. Torque arm; 27. Torque arm support. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the words "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms used in the patent application specification and claims of this invention do not express a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one; the words "comprising" or "including" and similar terms indicate that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects having the same function; The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The structure and working process of an inclined inverted pyrolysis device are described in detail below: like Figure 1-2 As shown, an inclined inverted pyrolysis device consists of a feed hopper 1, a buffer chamber 2, a feed screw 3, a discharge hood 4, a sealing device 5, a low-end support device 6, a cylindrical device 7, a heating furnace 8, a high-end support device 9, a drive device 10, and a frame 11. The feed hopper 1, the buffer chamber 2, and the feed screw 3 constitute the feeding mechanism of the device. The two ends of the cylindrical device 7 are supported by the low-end support device 6 and the high-end support device 8, respectively. The heating furnace 8 is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical device 7. The drive device 10 is used to drive the cylindrical device 7 to rotate.

[0030] In this invention, the cylindrical device 7 is placed at an angle with its opening facing downwards. The cylindrical device rotates to accommodate materials and serve as a reaction space. Both the feeding and discharging sections are located at the lower end of the cylinder. The lower end of the cylindrical device 7 is supported by a lower-end support device 6, and the higher end is supported by a higher-end support device 9. The lower end of the cylinder is open, while the higher end is closed. The driving device 10 drives the cylindrical device 7 to rotate bidirectionally. During forward rotation, the material is evenly distributed axially inside the cylinder and undergoes tumbling and sliding motions as the cylinder rotates, reacting with heat during this process. When the cylinder tumbles, the material is quickly discharged from the lower-end opening.

[0031] In this plan, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cylindrical device 7 consists of a low-end hollow shaft 12, a straight section of the cylindrical body 13, a spiral feeding unit 14, a thermal insulation material layer 15, and a high-end hollow shaft 16. The straight section cylinder 13 is connected to the lower hollow shaft 12 and the upper hollow shaft 16 by flange bolts. A spiral feeding unit 14 is provided on the inner wall of the straight section cylinder 13. The spiral feeding unit 14 consists of several sets of spiral plates with different heights and pitches on the inner wall of the straight section cylinder 13. The spiral plates are used to ensure uniform material distribution when the material rotates forward and to quickly unload the material when it rotates backward. The insulation material layer 15 is respectively set at both ends of the straight section cylinder 13 near the lower hollow shaft 12 and the upper hollow shaft 16. When rotating forward, the material moves towards the upper end as the spiral rotates within the spiral action section. The material above the spiral action section is rolled and slid down by gravity and moves towards the lower end. The appropriate cylinder rotation speed and appropriate spiral shape ensure that the material in the cylinder is evenly distributed along the length of the cylinder when the cylinder rotates forward, achieving a better heat exchange effect. When the cylinder reverses, both the spiral and gravity cause the material to move towards the lower end, achieving a rapid discharge effect. Because the height of the specially designed spiral pusher inside the cylinder is close to the cylinder radius, the material filling rate inside the cylinder can reach about 40% without overflowing when the cylinder rotates forward, which is much higher than the 3% to 15% material filling rate in a typical rotary kiln.

[0032] In this solution, the low-end support device 6 and the high-end support device 9 can be supported by rolling bearing sets or rollers, or both can use the same support method. For example, the high-end support device 9 can be supported by rolling bearing sets. Figure 4 As shown, the high-end support device 9 consists of rolling bearings 18 mounted on the hollow shafts at both ends of the cylinder, and their matching bearing caps 17, bearing positioning round nuts 19, seals 20, transparent covers 21, bearing seats 22, etc.

[0033] In this plan, such as Figure 5 As shown, the drive unit 10 consists of a drive shaft 23, a reducer 24, a motor 25, a torque arm 26, and a torque arm support 27. One end of the drive shaft 23 is bolted to the end face of the high-end hollow shaft 16, and the other end passes through the output shaft sleeve of the reducer 24 and is connected to the output shaft of the reducer with a locking disc. The reducer 24 and the motor 25 are mounted on the high-end hollow shaft 16 via the drive shaft 23. A torque arm 26 and a torque arm support 27 are provided at the input shaft end of the reducer 24. The torque arm support 27 is fixed to the frame 11 to counteract the reverse torque of the motor 25 and the reducer 24 driving the cylinder to rotate.

[0034] In this scheme, the feed hopper 1, buffer bin 2, and feed screw 3 are installed on the cylindrical device 7. The feed screw 3 passes through the discharge hood 4 and the low-end hollow shaft 12 and extends into the interior of the cylindrical device 7 to transport the material into the interior of the cylindrical device 7 and prevent air from entering the internal pyrolysis space through the material seal.

[0035] In this design, the discharge hood 4 is located at the lower hollow shaft 12. The top of the discharge hood 4 is equipped with a flue gas duct flange to discharge pyrolysis gas or water vapor from inside the cylinder. The bottom of the discharge hood 4 is equipped with a discharge port flange to receive the solid material discharged from the lower hollow shaft 12 of the cylinder and discharge it from the bottom flange. One side of the end face of the discharge hood 4 is fixed to the feeding screw 3, and the other side is fitted around the outer circle of the lower hollow shaft 12 of the cylinder device 7. A sealing device 5 is installed between the discharge hood 4 and the outer circle of the lower hollow shaft 12 to isolate the external air from the internal pyrolysis environment.

[0036] In this design, the heating furnace is divided into upper and lower parts, which, when assembled, can enclose and cover the straight heating area of ​​the cylinder. The heating furnace can employ electromagnetic heating, resistance wire heating, hot flue gas heating, steam heating, natural gas burner heating, or pulverized coal burner heating as needed. The heating furnace heats the steel plate of the cylinder, and the cylinder conducts heat to the internal material, which then undergoes drying, dry distillation, or a chemical reaction after heating.

[0037] In this scheme, the frame 11 is the bottom support structure of the entire pyrolysis device, supporting the feeding screw 3, the discharge hood 4, the low-end support device 6, the cylinder device 7, the heating furnace 8, the high-end support device 9, and the drive device 10.

[0038] The pyrolysis unit described in this plan is a skid-mounted structure, which facilitates overall transportation and installation.

[0039] The parts not described in detail in the above embodiments are existing technologies.

[0040] It should be noted that although the present invention has been described through the above embodiments, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obviously make various corresponding changes and modifications to the present invention, but all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An inclined inverted pyrolysis device, comprising a cylindrical body (7), a heating furnace (8), a driving device (10), a feeding mechanism, and a discharge hood (4), characterized in that: The cylindrical device (7) is inclined, with an opening at the lower end and a closed upper end; The feeding mechanism and the discharge hood (4) are both located at the lower end of the cylindrical device (7), and the feeding screw (3) in the feeding mechanism passes through the inner cavity of the discharge hood (4) and (12) extends into the interior of the cylindrical device (7); The driving device (10) drives the cylinder device (7) to rotate in both directions. When the cylinder device (7) rotates forward, the material is evenly distributed along the axial direction and undergoes a pyrolysis reaction. When it rotates in reverse, the material is quickly discharged from the lower end into the discharge hood (4).

2. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder device (7) is equipped with a spiral pushing unit (14) inside, which is used to push the material to the high end when the cylinder rotates forward and to assist the material to be discharged quickly to the low end when it rotates backward. The spiral pushing unit (14) consists of several sets of spiral plates with different heights and pitches set on the inner wall of the cylinder device.

3. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the spiral pusher unit (14) is close to the inner radius of the cylinder device, so that the filling rate of the material in the cylinder reaches 30% to 40%.

4. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical device (7) consists of a low-end hollow shaft (12), a straight section of the cylindrical body (13), and a high-end hollow shaft (16), which are connected by flange bolts; the inner sides of both ends of the straight section of the cylindrical body (13) are provided with insulation material layers (15).

5. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the cylindrical device (7) is supported by a lower end support device (6), and the upper end is supported by a higher end support device (9); the support device is a rolling bearing assembly support or a roller support.

6. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper (1), a buffer bin (2) and a feeding screw (3) connected in sequence. The feeding screw (3) passes through the discharge hood (4) and the low-end hollow shaft (12) and extends into the interior of the cylinder device (7).

7. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge hood (4) is located at the lower hollow shaft (12), with an exhaust flange at the top and a discharge port flange at the bottom. A sealing device (5) is provided between the discharge hood (4) and the lower hollow shaft (12) to isolate the external air from the internal pyrolysis environment.

8. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating furnace (8) is an external heating device, which is covered outside the heating section of the cylinder. The heating method is selected from any one of electromagnetic heating, resistance wire heating, hot flue gas heating, steam heating, natural gas burner combustion heating or pulverized coal burner combustion heating.

9. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit (10) includes a motor (25), a reducer (24), and a drive shaft (23). One end of the drive shaft (23) is bolted to the end face of the high-end hollow shaft (16), and the other end passes through the output shaft sleeve of the reducer (24) and is connected to the output shaft of the reducer with a locking disc. The reducer (24) and the motor (25) are mounted on the high-end hollow shaft (16) via the drive shaft (23).

10. The tilted inverted pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that: A torque arm (26) and a torque arm support (27) are also provided at the input shaft end of the reducer (24). The torque arm support (27) is fixed on the frame (11) to counteract the reverse torque of the motor (25) and the reducer (24) driving the cylinder device (7) to rotate.

Images