Natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking and control method thereof

Abstract

A natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking and a control method thereof. The present application belongs to the technical field of energy chemical industry and clean heating. The present application solves the problems of low utilization rate, high carbon emission and poor economy of traditional heating equipment. The present application uses pipeline natural gas as raw material, which is cracked into hydrogen and solid carbon in a high-temperature liquid metal catalytic cracking reactor; the hydrogen is fed into a double-loop combustion chamber, a part of which is combusted to provide zero-carbon heating for the terminal, and the other part of which is combusted to provide heat energy back to the cracking reactor to form an energy closed loop; the solid carbon is separated and post-processed into high-value carbon material products. The present application is provided with a dynamic carbon management device and an arc-shaped flow guide inner wall to ensure long-term continuous operation of the reactor, and can also realize heat, electricity and cold combined supply through valve switching. The present application realizes the collaborative conversion of natural gas into clean heat energy and high-value carbon materials, has the characteristics of zero-carbon environmental protection, severe cold adaptation and economic profitability, and meets the demand for composite energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the interdisciplinary field of energy and chemical engineering and clean heating, specifically relating to a zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system and method based on liquid metal catalytic cracking of natural gas, which is particularly suitable for clean heating in frigid regions and integrated energy supply in industrial parks. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of a global energy transition towards green and low-carbon energy, winter heating in frigid regions faces the dual challenges of carbon emissions and heating reliability. Traditional heating methods primarily rely on the direct combustion of coal and natural gas, which are technologically mature and low-cost, but generate large amounts of carbon dioxide, making them a major source of centralized urban carbon emissions. Adding carbon capture devices significantly increases costs and energy consumption, hindering large-scale implementation. Electric heating has low energy efficiency and a significant impact on the power grid, limiting its application to auxiliary or decentralized scenarios. Air source heat pumps have high energy efficiency ratios in temperate climates, but in frigid regions with ambient temperatures below -15°C to -20°C, their heating capacity and efficiency drop sharply, requiring high-power electric auxiliary heating, which greatly reduces their economic viability and energy-saving effects, and their performance depends on the cleanliness of the power system.

[0003] Hydrogen combustion heating is considered one of the ultimate solutions for zero-carbon heating, but green hydrogen is expensive and lacks storage and transportation infrastructure, while blue hydrogen has carbon emission and cost issues. Moreover, using expensive hydrogen for low-grade heating results in poor energy level matching and extremely low economic efficiency. In traditional methane-to-hydrogen technology, steam methane reforming produces approximately 10 kg of CO2 for every 1 kg of hydrogen produced, which contradicts the decarbonization goal. Thermal cracking technology directly decomposes methane into hydrogen and solid carbon, theoretically with no CO2 emissions. However, traditional solid-bed or fluidized-bed thermal cracking processes suffer from carbon product deposition that clogs the reactor, making long-term continuous operation impossible. Furthermore, the carbon products are mostly low-value industrial carbon black, resulting in poor economic benefits, and large-scale commercialization has not been achieved for decades.

[0004] Existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet the three core requirements of heating: environmental thoroughness (zero carbon), cold adaptability (reliability), and economic feasibility (profitability). Therefore, developing a methane cracking hydrogen production heating system that can operate continuously and stably and co-produce high-value byproducts has become an urgent need in this field and has significant strategic and commercial value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking of natural gas and its control method, so as to realize the zero-carbon and efficient utilization of natural gas, while taking into account reliable heating in cold regions and high-value carbon material co-production, and can also realize combined heat, power and cooling, solving the problems of low utilization rate, high carbon emissions and poor economic efficiency of traditional heating equipment.

[0006] The present invention provides a natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking, comprising a natural gas input unit, a liquid metal cracking reactor 2, a dual-loop combustion chamber 4, a terminal user 6, and a carbon tank 5 connected to the liquid metal cracking reactor 2 in sequence.

[0007] Piped natural gas is transported to the liquid metal cracking reactor 2 via the natural gas input unit. Under high temperature and liquid metal catalysis, methane is cracked to produce hydrogen 3 and solid carbon. Hydrogen 3 is led out to the dual-loop combustion chamber 4. Part of the hydrogen is burned to provide zero-carbon heating for end user 6, and the other part of the combustion heat energy is returned to the liquid metal cracking reactor 2 through the internal circulation loop to provide the heat required for the reaction. The solid carbon produced by cracking is continuously separated from the liquid metal cracking reactor 2 and collected into the carbon tank 5.

[0008] The control method for a zero-carbon heating and carbon material cogeneration system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking of natural gas is carried out in the following steps:

[0009] 1. Raw material input: Piped natural gas is transported to the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor 2, where liquid metal is pre-injected to form a molten pool, which is maintained in a high-temperature pyrolysis environment;

[0010] II. Catalytic cracking: Methane in natural gas undergoes cracking reaction under the action of liquid metal catalysis and high temperature to produce hydrogen gas and solid carbon. The reaction temperature is 1050~1150℃ and the operating pressure is close to atmospheric pressure.

[0011] III. Closed-loop energy utilization: The hydrogen gas 3 generated by cracking is led out to the dual-loop combustion chamber 4. Part of the hydrogen gas is burned as the main fuel and provides zero-carbon heating to the end user 6 through the water loop; the heat energy generated by the combustion of the other part of the hydrogen gas is guided back to the liquid metal cracking reactor 2 through the liquid metal loop to continuously provide heat for the cracking reaction.

[0012] IV. Solid Carbon Treatment: The solid carbon generated by pyrolysis is stripped and crushed by a dynamic carbon management device, then guided and collected through the arc-shaped inner wall of the flow guide, and continuously separated and discharged from the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor 2; after being classified and purified in an inert atmosphere by the online post-treatment unit, the solid carbon is collected in the carbon tank 5 to obtain high-value-added carbon material products.

[0013] V. Diverse Energy Output: Based on the needs of end user 6, the heat output direction of the dual-loop combustion chamber 4 is switched by valves. In winter, it mainly supplies heating and some process steam. In summer, it drives the absorption chiller to supply cooling and recover waste heat to produce steam. During the transition season, it centrally supplies industrial steam, realizing combined heat, power and cooling.

[0014] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0015] This invention enables methane to undergo liquid metal catalytic cracking without direct CO2 emissions, replacing coal / gas-fired boilers for heating, industrial steam production, and electric cooling, directly achieving an annual reduction of approximately 26,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions. Simultaneously, the co-production of carbon materials achieves carbon sequestration of approximately 18,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, significantly reducing regional carbon emissions.

[0016] This invention does not rely on clean power systems or the environmental temperature adaptability of air source heat pumps. Through liquid metal catalytic cracking and energy closed-loop design, it provides continuous and stable heating energy for frigid regions. The reactor's dynamic carbon management device and arc-shaped inner wall completely solve the problem of carbon deposition and blockage, enabling continuous operation for thousands of hours.

[0017] This invention system not only generates profits through heating, but also co-produces high-value carbon materials (annual sales revenue can reach tens of millions of yuan). Furthermore, it can supply industrial steam and cooling energy during the non-heating season through combined heat and power (CHP), completely solving the problem of traditional heating equipment being idle for half a year and significantly improving asset utilization. The sales revenue from carbon materials can fully cover the cost of natural gas feedstock, with a static investment payback period of only 4-6 years, making it extremely competitive in terms of energy service costs.

[0018] This invention achieves highly efficient utilization of heat from both the pyrolysis reaction and heating through a closed-loop energy design. The system's average annual comprehensive energy utilization rate (total energy output value / total primary energy input value) exceeds 85%, far surpassing traditional heating methods. As an independently operable integrated energy station, it can realize combined heat, power, and cooling, providing a one-stop solution for the combined needs of industrial parks / large building complexes for heat, electricity, cooling, steam, and carbon materials. This enhances the region's ability to cope with external energy supply interruptions and gives it strong market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the system of the present invention, wherein: 1 is the natural gas input unit, 2 is the liquid metal cracking reactor, 3 is hydrogen, 4 is the dual-loop combustion chamber, 5 is the carbon canister, and 6 is the end user; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a liquid metal pyrolysis reactor, where: 2-1 is the high-temperature liquid metal inlet, 2-2 is the low-temperature liquid metal outlet, 2-3 is the natural gas storage tank, and 2-4 is the hydrogen emission outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Specific implementation method one: This implementation method is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This implementation method is based on a natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking. It includes a natural gas input unit, a liquid metal cracking reactor (2), a dual-loop combustion chamber (4), a terminal user terminal (6), and a carbon tank (5) connected to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) in sequence.

[0021] Piped natural gas is transported to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) via the natural gas input unit. Under high temperature and liquid metal catalysis, methane is cracked to produce hydrogen (3) and solid carbon. Hydrogen (3) is drawn out to the dual-loop combustion chamber (4). Part of the hydrogen is burned to provide zero-carbon heating for end users (6), and the other part of the combustion heat is returned to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) through the internal circulation loop to provide the heat required for the reaction. The solid carbon produced by cracking is continuously separated from the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) and collected into the carbon tank (5).

[0022] Specific Implementation Method Two: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method One is that a liquid metal pool is set inside the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2); high-temperature liquid metal material is injected from the top of the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2) to form a molten pool, and low-temperature liquid metal is discharged from the bottom; natural gas is injected from the distributor on the side of the molten pool, hydrogen is collected from the top of the reactor, and solid carbon is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the reactor to a storage container. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0023] Specific Implementation Method 3: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method 2 is that the high-temperature liquid metal material is one or more of tin, bismuth, tin-bismuth alloy, and tin-lead alloy. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0024] Specific Implementation Method Four: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method One is that the dual-loop combustion chamber (4) is connected to a heat exchange network. The high-temperature heat generated by hydrogen combustion is transferred to the liquid metal loop and the water loop through the dual loops respectively. The high-temperature liquid metal is injected into the liquid metal cracking reactor (2), and the high-temperature water is transported to the end user (6) to meet the heat energy demand. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0025] Specific Implementation Method 5: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method 1 is that an online post-processing unit is provided between the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2) and the carbon tank (5). Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0026] Specific Implementation Method Six: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method Five is that the finished carbon material is conductive carbon black or a carbon nanotube precursor. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Five.

[0027] Specific Implementation Method Seven: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method One is that: a dynamic carbon management device and an arc-shaped guide inner wall are provided inside the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2); the dynamic carbon management device is an ultrasonic oscillator, used to strip carbon deposits from the inner wall of the reactor or the surface of the catalyst in real time and break them into micron or nano-sized particles; the arc-shaped guide inner wall is used to guide the directional flow and collection of carbon particles, ensuring that solid carbon is continuously transferred from the reaction zone to the collection unit. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0028] Specific Implementation Method Eight: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method One is that the dual-loop combustion chamber (4) is also connected to a steam generator and an absorption chiller. By switching the valves, the heat energy can be directed to the steam generator to produce industrial steam, or directed to the absorption chiller to provide cooling, thus realizing a combined heat, power and cooling system. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0029] Specific Implementation Method Nine: This implementation method is based on a control method for a natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system using liquid metal catalytic cracking. It is carried out according to the following steps:

[0030] 1. Raw material input: Piped natural gas is transported to the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2), in which liquid metal is pre-injected to form a molten pool, and the molten pool is kept in a high-temperature pyrolysis environment;

[0031] II. Catalytic cracking: Methane in natural gas undergoes cracking reaction under the action of liquid metal catalysis and high temperature to produce hydrogen (3) and solid carbon. The reaction temperature is 1050~1150℃ and the operating pressure is close to atmospheric pressure.

[0032] 3. Closed-loop energy utilization: The hydrogen (3) generated by the cracking is led out to the dual-loop combustion chamber (4). Part of the hydrogen is used as the main fuel for combustion and provides zero-carbon heating to the end user (6) through the water loop. The heat energy generated by the combustion of the other part of the hydrogen is guided back to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) through the liquid metal loop to continuously provide heat for the cracking reaction.

[0033] IV. Solid carbon treatment: The solid carbon generated by pyrolysis is stripped and crushed by a dynamic carbon management device, and then guided and collected through the arc-shaped inner wall of the flow guide, and continuously separated and discharged from the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2); after being graded and purified in an inert atmosphere by the online post-treatment unit, the solid carbon is collected in the carbon tank (5) to obtain high-value-added carbon material products.

[0034] V. Diverse Energy Output: According to the needs of end users (6), the heat output direction of the dual-loop combustion chamber (4) is switched by valves. In winter, it mainly supplies heating and some process steam. In summer, it drives the absorption chiller to supply cooling and recover waste heat to produce steam. In the transition season, it centrally supplies industrial steam, realizing combined heat, power and cooling.

[0035] Specific Implementation Method Ten: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method Nine is that the liquid metal mentioned in step one is a tin-bismuth eutectic alloy with a melting point of 138°C. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Nine.

[0036] Specific Implementation Method Eleven: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method Nine is that the methane cracking processing capacity in step two is 1200 Nm³. 3 / h, the pyrolysis products can be controlled to obtain carbon nanotube precursors suitable for lithium battery conductive agents. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Nine.

[0037] The technical effects of the present invention are verified using the following embodiments:

[0038] Example: In this example, the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2) uses a tin-bismuth eutectic alloy (melting point 138℃) as the liquid metal catalyst medium, the reaction temperature is controlled at 1050-1150℃, the operating pressure is close to atmospheric pressure, and the designed methane processing capacity is 1200 Nm³. 3 / h; The dual-loop combustion chamber (4) is connected to a heat exchange network, two 2500RT absorption lithium bromide chillers and a steam generator, and the heat energy is distributed in multiple ways through a valve group.

[0039] The park has an annual heating load of 45,000 GJ, a process steam demand of 40,000 tons (saturated steam, 0.8 MPa), and a peak summer cooling load of 9 MW. This system is fully compatible with the park's complex energy needs.

[0040] System operation process

[0041] Raw material input and catalytic cracking: Pipeline natural gas is continuously transported to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2), and injected into the tin-bismuth eutectic alloy molten pool through the molten pool side distributor. Methane is catalytically cracked into hydrogen and solid carbon at 1050-1150℃ by liquid metal. The system consumes about 9.6 million standard cubic meters of natural gas annually and produces about 3,900 tons of hydrogen and about 5,000 tons of high-purity solid carbon (calculated as carbon).

[0042] Tin-bismuth eutectic alloy: Activation energy: 60–80 kJ / mol; Reaction rate at 1100℃: ≥0.6 mol / (kg·h); Methane equilibrium conversion: ≥95%.

[0043] Reaction temperature: 1050–1150℃, optimal 1100℃; operating pressure: 0.10–0.12MPa (slight positive pressure); reactor space velocity (GHSV): 800–1500h⁻¹ -1 Methane residence time in the molten metal pool: 1.5~3s; single-pass conversion rate of methane: ≥90%, total conversion rate: ≥95%.

[0044] Energy closed-loop utilization: The hydrogen generated by the cracking is led out to the dual-loop combustion chamber (4). After a portion of the hydrogen is burned, it is used to heat 200,000 square meters of buildings in the park through the water loop (supply / return water temperature 85 / 60℃). The high-temperature flue gas above 850℃ generated by the combustion of the other portion of hydrogen is guided back to the cracking reactor through the liquid metal loop to continuously supply energy for the cracking reaction, forming a highly efficient energy closed loop.

[0045] Liquid metal loop heat exchange efficiency: ≥92%; water loop / steam generator heat exchange efficiency: ≥90%; total heat exchange efficiency of dual-loop combustion chamber: ≥88%. Heat loss rate of high-temperature flue gas (above 850℃) from the combustion chamber to the pyrolysis reactor loop: ≤3%; heat loss rate from the reactor outer wall: ≤2%.

[0046] Heat energy distribution ratios under different operating conditions: 1) Winter heating: 60%~70% for end-user heating; 25%~30% returned to the liquid metal cracking reactor; 5%~10% for by-product process steam. 2) Summer cooling: 60%~65% for driving absorption chillers; 25%~30% returned to the reactor; 5%~10% for by-product process steam. 3) Transitional season steam supply: 65%~75% for producing industrial steam; 25%~30% returned to the reactor; ≤5% for other heat utilization.

[0047] Solid carbon treatment: The solid carbon generated by pyrolysis is stripped and broken into micron / nano-sized particles by an ultrasonic oscillator in the reactor, and then discharged from the bottom after being guided and collected by the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide. After being pneumatically classified and purified by the online post-processing unit under an inert atmosphere, the solid carbon is obtained as a carbon nanotube precursor suitable for lithium battery conductive agents and collected in a carbon canister (5) for sale. The specific parameters of the ultrasonic oscillator are as follows: oscillation frequency: 20~40kHz, preferably 25kHz; single oscillation power: 1.5~3kW, and the total installed power is matched to 12~24kW according to the reactor scale; the arrangement position: 4~8 groups are evenly arranged around the circumference of the reactor molten pool area, the probe is immersed in the liquid metal molten pool 100~200mm, and is arranged close to the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide; the operation cycle: continuous operation, using pulse mode: oscillation 5s, interval 1s, cyclic execution.

[0048] Deposits stripping rate on inner wall: ≥0.8 kg / (m²) 2 •h); Catalyst surface carbon stripping rate: ≥99%, with no obvious carbon accumulation; Particle size control range after crushing: primary particles: 50~200nm; particle size after agglomerate crushing: ≤5μm;

[0049] Inert atmosphere type: high-purity nitrogen (N2) or argon (Ar), with nitrogen preferred; Atmosphere control: oxygen volume concentration: ≤50ppm; System micro-positive pressure: 50~100Pa, to prevent air infiltration.

[0050] Multiple energy outputs: In winter, the system's heat is mainly used for heating in the park and for some process steam; in summer, high-temperature flue gas drives an absorption lithium bromide chiller to provide 7MW of chilled water (7 / 12℃) for air conditioning in the park, while recovering low-temperature waste heat to produce process steam; during the transition season, the heat is centrally supplied to steam to meet the park's stable steam demand of 40,000 tons / year.

[0051] Benefit Analysis

[0052] Economic Benefits: The system operates for approximately 8,000 hours annually. Major revenue streams include approximately 21 million RMB in heating / cooling / steam energy costs and approximately 75 million RMB in carbon material sales revenue (5,000 tons × 15,000 RMB / ton), totaling approximately 96 million RMB in annual sales revenue. The main cost is approximately 42 million RMB in natural gas procurement. Carbon material sales revenue can fully cover raw material costs and generate a substantial surplus. The system's static investment payback period is estimated at 4-6 years, resulting in a high rate of return on investment.

[0053] Environmental benefits: This system directly replaces the park's traditional coal-fired boilers and electric compression refrigeration, achieving a direct reduction of approximately 26,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions annually; the co-production of 5,000 tons of high-purity solid carbon achieves carbon fixation of approximately 18,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, with significant emission reduction effects, fully in line with carbon neutrality and development goals.

[0054] Energy efficiency: Through closed-loop energy design and multi-source waste heat utilization, the system achieves an average annual comprehensive energy utilization rate of over 85%, which is far higher than the energy utilization efficiency of traditional heating, cooling and steam supply systems, realizing the cascaded and efficient utilization of natural gas.

Claims

1. A natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking, characterized in that The natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material cogeneration system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking includes a natural gas input unit, a liquid metal cracking reactor (2), a dual-loop combustion chamber (4), a terminal user terminal (6), and a carbon tank (5) connected to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) in sequence. Piped natural gas is transported to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) via the natural gas input unit. Under high temperature and liquid metal catalysis, methane is cracked to produce hydrogen (3) and solid carbon. Hydrogen (3) is drawn out to the dual-loop combustion chamber (4). Part of the hydrogen is burned to provide zero-carbon heating for end users (6), and the other part of the combustion heat is returned to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) through the internal circulation loop to provide the heat required for the reaction. The solid carbon produced by cracking is continuously separated from the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) and collected into the carbon tank (5).

2. The liquid metal catalytic pyrolysis based natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system according to claim 1, characterized in that A liquid metal pool is provided inside the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2); High-temperature liquid metal material is injected from the top of the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2) to form a molten pool, while low-temperature liquid metal is discharged from the bottom; Natural gas is injected from a distributor on the side of the molten pool, hydrogen is collected from the top of the reactor, and solid carbon is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the reactor to a storage container.

3. The liquid metal catalytic pyrolysis based natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system according to claim 2, characterized in that The high-temperature liquid metal material is one or more of tin, bismuth, tin-bismuth alloy, and tin-lead alloy.

4. The liquid metal catalytic pyrolysis based natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system according to claim 1, characterized in that The dual-loop combustion chamber (4) is connected to a heat exchange network. The high-temperature heat generated by hydrogen combustion is transferred to the liquid metal loop and the water loop through the dual loops respectively. The high-temperature liquid metal is injected into the liquid metal cracking reactor (2), and the high-temperature water is transported to the end user (6) to meet the thermal energy demand.

5. The natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that... An online post-processing unit is provided between the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2) and the carbon tank (5).

6. The natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that... The finished carbon material is conductive carbon black or a carbon nanotube precursor.

7. The natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that... The liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2) is equipped with a dynamic carbon management device and an arc-shaped guide inner wall; the dynamic carbon management device is an ultrasonic oscillator, which is used to strip carbon deposits from the inner wall of the reactor or the surface of the catalyst in real time and break them into micron or nano-sized particles; the arc-shaped guide inner wall is used to guide the directional flow and collection of carbon particles, ensuring that solid carbon is continuously transferred from the reaction zone to the collection unit.

8. The natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that... The dual-loop combustion chamber (4) is also connected to a steam generator and an absorption chiller. By switching the valves, the heat energy can be directed to the steam generator to produce industrial steam, or to the absorption chiller to provide cooling, thus realizing a combined heat, power and cooling system.

9. The control method for a natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking as described in claim 1, characterized in that... It is done in the following steps:

1. Raw material input: Piped natural gas is transported to the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2), in which liquid metal is pre-injected to form a molten pool, and the molten pool is kept in a high-temperature pyrolysis environment; II. Catalytic cracking: Methane in natural gas undergoes cracking reaction under the action of liquid metal catalysis and high temperature to produce hydrogen (3) and solid carbon. The reaction temperature is 1050~1150℃ and the operating pressure is close to atmospheric pressure.

3. Closed-loop energy utilization: The hydrogen (3) generated by the cracking is led out to the dual-loop combustion chamber (4). Part of the hydrogen is used as the main fuel for combustion and provides zero-carbon heating to the end user (6) through the water loop. The heat energy generated by the combustion of the other part of the hydrogen is guided back to the liquid metal cracking reactor (2) through the liquid metal loop to continuously provide heat for the cracking reaction. IV. Solid carbon treatment: The solid carbon generated by pyrolysis is stripped and crushed by a dynamic carbon management device, and then guided and collected through the arc-shaped inner wall of the flow guide, and continuously separated and discharged from the liquid metal pyrolysis reactor (2); after being graded and purified in an inert atmosphere by the online post-treatment unit, the solid carbon is collected in the carbon tank (5) to obtain high-value-added carbon material products. V. Diverse Energy Output: According to the needs of end users (6), the heat output direction of the dual-loop combustion chamber (4) is switched by valves. In winter, it mainly supplies heating and some process steam. In summer, it drives the absorption chiller to supply cooling and recover waste heat to produce steam. In the transition season, it centrally supplies industrial steam, realizing combined heat, power and cooling.

10. The control method for a natural gas zero-carbon heating and carbon material co-production system based on liquid metal catalytic cracking according to claim 9, characterized in that... The processing capacity of methane cracking in step two is 1200 Nm 3 The cracking product can be regulated to obtain carbon nanotube precursor suitable for lithium battery conductive agent.

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