A heat treatment equipment for production of a bucket tooth

Abstract

The application discloses a heat treatment equipment for bucket tooth production and relates to the technical field of bucket tooth production. The heat treatment equipment comprises a conveying device which is used for conveying bucket teeth. A heating device is arranged on a conveying path of the conveying device and is fixedly installed above the conveying device, so as to heat the bucket teeth passing through the heating device. The tail end of the conveying device is provided with a turnover guide mechanism which is used for turning over and guiding the discharged bucket teeth. The elliptical turnover groove and the asymmetric slide rib in the turnover guide mechanism are used for forcibly turning over the bucket teeth falling in random postures by physical interference according to the geometric characteristics and the gravity field of the bucket teeth, so that the absolute consistent postures of the bucket teeth are corrected, that is, the tooth tips are vertically downward, and the tooth roots are vertically upward. The problem of randomness of the water entry postures caused by the traditional free fall is solved, the bending deformation caused by the uneven heating area is avoided, the "dead lock" caused by the rigid interference is avoided, and a stable reference is provided for subsequent segmented quenching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bucket tooth production technology, and specifically to a heat treatment device for bucket tooth production. Background Technology

[0002] Bucket teeth are core wear-resistant components on excavators and other construction machinery that come into direct contact with ores and soil. They operate under extremely harsh conditions, frequently enduring intense impacts and cutting friction. To meet service life requirements, bucket teeth must possess extremely high surface hardness and good overall toughness, which heavily relies on subsequent quenching and tempering heat treatment processes. However, limited by the mechanical design requirements for excavation and rock breaking, bucket teeth generally exhibit a wedge-shaped or irregular cross-section with "extremely thin tips and extremely thick roots." This extreme difference in wall thickness presents significant thermodynamic challenges to the heat treatment process.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly uses continuous mesh belt furnace production lines for the mass heat treatment of bucket teeth. In this conventional process, the austenitized, high-temperature bucket teeth move with the mesh belt to the discharge port and fall directly into the quenching tank below in a free-fall manner. This disordered dropping method results in a completely random entry posture of the bucket teeth into the water, which not only easily causes uneven cooling of the heated surfaces, leading to bending deformation, but also causes a serious problem of mismatched cooling rates. Therefore, this invention proposes a new heat treatment equipment for bucket tooth production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat treatment device for the production of bucket teeth, so as to solve the problems in the background art mentioned above.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A heat treatment device for producing bucket teeth includes a conveying device for conveying bucket teeth. A heating device is provided on the conveying path of the conveying device and is fixedly installed above the conveying device for heating the bucket teeth passing through the heating device. A flipping guide mechanism is provided at the tail end of the conveying device for flipping and guiding the bucket teeth being fed. A quenching tank is provided below the flipping guide mechanism. A multi-segment quenching mechanism for quenching the bucket teeth is installed inside the quenching tank. The multi-segment quenching mechanism is connected to the bottom end of the flipping guide mechanism. A circulation protection mechanism is fixedly installed on the side wall of the multi-segment quenching mechanism. The flipping guide mechanism includes a fixed base that is fixedly installed at the top of the quenching tank. An elliptical flipping groove is provided at the top of the interior of the fixed base for the bucket teeth that enter the interior of the fixed base to flip. A directional guide groove is provided at the bottom of the interior of the fixed base for guiding the bucket teeth.

[0006] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the flipping guide mechanism further includes a guide structure fixedly installed at the tail end of the conveying device and a cooling structure fixedly installed inside the fixed seat. The guide structure includes a mounting bracket fixedly installed at the tail end of the conveying device. A limiting seat for spatially limiting the bucket teeth is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat. A connecting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting bracket. A guide seat is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting frame, and a guide roller is rotatably connected to the end of the guide seat. The cooling structure includes cooling chambers symmetrically opened on both sides of the fixed seat. A connecting plate is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the fixed seat. A circulation pipe is fixedly installed at the end of each connecting plate, and one end of the circulation pipe extends into the interior of the cooling chamber.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the inner wall of the elliptical overturning groove is provided with an asymmetrical sliding ridge on one side along the long axis of its cross section, the upper part of the sliding ridge is a smoothly transitioning guide slope, and the normal distance from the highest point of the sliding ridge protruding inward to the inner wall of the opposite side of the elliptical overturning groove is greater than the maximum thickness of the tip of the bucket tooth to be treated, and less than the maximum thickness of the root of the bucket tooth to be treated.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a base is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the multi-segment quenching mechanism, a plurality of air jet holes are arrayed on the top surface of the base, a vertical sliding cavity is formed inside the base, a baffle is slidably fitted inside the vertical sliding cavity, an auxiliary spring is installed between the inner walls of the vertical sliding cavity, and the auxiliary spring is connected to the baffle in cooperation; a lifting assembly is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the quenching pool, a lifting plate is installed at the power output end of the lifting assembly, the lifting plate is located directly below the base, and when the lifting plate moves upward, it abuts against the bottom end of the baffle; a circulation protection mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the base, and the circulation protection mechanism is connected to the flipping guide mechanism and the multi-segment quenching mechanism in cooperation.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the output ends of each jet hole on the base are inclined downwards, and the central axis of the jet hole is inclined at an angle of 10° to 20° with the horizontal reference plane.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the interior of the base has an 8-shaped connecting cavity that narrows in the middle, the connecting cavity has a necked mating area in the middle and an expansion area distributed on both sides of the necked mating area, and the baffle in conjunction with the necked mating area divides the internal connecting cavity of the base into two cooling spaces.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the top part of the baffle is provided with a guide slope inclined towards the center of the inner cavity; the inner sidewall of the baffle is fixedly covered with a flexible protective layer, and the flexible protective layer has a contoured contact surface that fits into the outer surface of the bucket teeth.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the circulation protection mechanism includes a fixed bracket fixedly installed on one side of the base, an installation cylinder fixedly installed on the fixed bracket, an air outlet pipe fixedly installed at the bottom end of the installation cylinder, a corrugated pipe fixedly installed at the bottom end of the air outlet pipe, and the corrugated pipe fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate, a diverter seat fixedly installed inside the installation cylinder, and a diverter pipe fixedly installed at one end of the diverter seat extending to the outside of the installation cylinder, the end of the diverter pipe away from the installation cylinder being connected to the circulation pipe, an air guide pipe fixedly installed on one side of the installation cylinder, and the air guide pipe being fixedly connected to the side wall of the base, and an air collection chamber is opened at the top of the inside of the base, and the air collection chamber is connected to the air guide pipe.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a plurality of jet seats are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the lifting plate, and a plurality of jet holes are opened at the top of the jet seats along the circumferential direction. The jet axis of the jet holes is inclined inward and upward, and the jet axis of the jet holes extends in the space above the jet seats and intersects at the same point on the vertical line of the center of the jet seats.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the inner cavity of the flow divider and the mounting cylinder are jointly enclosed to form a tapered guide cavity that is gradually narrowed, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered guide cavity gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by this invention compared to the prior art is as follows: 1. This invention utilizes the elliptical flipping groove and asymmetric sliding edge in the flipping guide mechanism, along with the geometric characteristics of the bucket teeth's "wide root and narrow tip" and the gravitational field, to force the bucket teeth falling randomly to flip through physical interference, correcting them to an absolutely consistent posture of "teeth tip vertically downward and teeth root vertically upward." This solves the problem of randomness in water entry posture caused by traditional free fall, avoids bending deformation caused by uneven heating area, and avoids "deadlock" caused by rigid interference, providing a stable benchmark for subsequent segmented quenching.

[0016] 2. This invention addresses the extreme cross-sectional difference of bucket teeth, characterized by "thick roots and thin tips." The equipment utilizes a "figure-eight" shaped connection between the inner cavity and the baffle to dynamically conform to the shape, physically isolating the quenching area into independent cooling flow fields that do not interfere with each other. The upper part performs high-intensity quenching on the thick tooth root to ensure the generation of high-hardness martensite, while the lower part constructs a slow-cooling barrier for the weak tooth tip. This completely eliminates martensitic cold cracks induced by excessively rapid cooling at the tooth tip and compensates for the physical cross-sectional difference.

[0017] 3. This invention cleverly utilizes the "Venturi negative pressure" generated by the cooling return water flowing through the gradually narrowing guide cavity through the setting of the circulation protection mechanism. This forcefully draws in the high-temperature waste steam generated at the tooth root and shears it into a "micron-sized steam-water mixture". The steam-water mixture is directionally transported to the tooth tip to form a flexible "gas phase heat shield". It can realize the utilization of residual pressure and the transfer of waste gas without the need for an expensive external vacuum pump, and achieves the ultimate cooling rate matching without increasing additional energy consumption.

[0018] 4. This invention uses a circular array of nozzles on the lifting plate that converge at a single point, like a "spotlight," to target and concentrate the energy of the steam-water mixture onto the tooth tip. This not only increases the coating density but also eliminates the kinetic energy of the fluid impact through the collision of multiple jets, forming a stable static heat-insulating air film. At the same time, the high-pressure jet holes on the base are set at a downward angle of 10° to 20°, preventing the oxide scale that falls off during quenching from flowing back into the channel under the action of gravity, thus completely eliminating the risk of nozzle blockage.

[0019] 5. The present invention uses an inwardly inclined guide slope set at the top of the baffle to smoothly correct the high-temperature bucket teeth that have made slight deviations, realizing mechanical self-centering and correction without electrical control. In addition, the flexible protective layer covering the inner wall of the baffle has a contoured contact surface, which not only avoids the impact indentation of cold rigid metal on the red-hot bucket teeth (achieving zero damage), but also absorbs manufacturing tolerances, forming a perfect seamless dynamic sealed isolation ring between the upper and lower cooling spaces. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the overall device structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second perspective view of the overall device structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the flipping guide mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a second-view schematic diagram of the flipping guide mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the flipping guide mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-segment quenching mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclic protection mechanism of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Conveying device; 2. Heating device; 3. Tilting and guiding mechanism; 4. Quenching pool; 5. Multi-segment quenching mechanism; 6. Fixed seat; 7. Elliptical tilting groove; 8. Orientation guide groove; 9. Restriction seat; 10. Mounting bracket; 11. Connecting frame; 12. Guide seat; 13. Guide roller; 14. Cooling chamber; 15. Connecting plate; 16. Circulation pipe; 17. Sliding edge; 18. Base; 19. Air jet hole; 20. Baffle; 21. Auxiliary spring; 22. Lifting plate; 23. Fixed bracket; 24. Mounting cylinder; 25. Air outlet pipe; 26. Corrugated pipe; 27. Diverter pipe; 28. Diverter seat; 29. ​​Air guide pipe; 30. Air collection chamber; 31. Air jet seat. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth, comprising: a conveying device 1 for conveying bucket teeth; a heating device 2 provided on the conveying path of the conveying device 1, and the heating device 2 fixedly installed above the conveying device 1 for heating the bucket teeth passing through the heating device 2; a flipping guide mechanism 3 provided at the tail end of the conveying device 1 for flipping and guiding the bucket teeth being fed; a quenching pool 4 provided below the flipping guide mechanism 3; a multi-segment quenching mechanism 5 for quenching the bucket teeth installed inside the quenching pool 4; the multi-segment quenching mechanism 5 being connected to the bottom end of the flipping guide mechanism 3; and a circulation protection mechanism fixedly installed on the side wall of the multi-segment quenching mechanism 5; the flipping guide mechanism 3 includes a fixed seat 6 fixedly installed at the top of the quenching pool 4; an elliptical flipping groove 7 opened at the top of the fixed seat 6 for flipping the bucket teeth entering the fixed seat 6; and a directional guide groove 8 opened at the bottom of the fixed seat 6 for guiding the bucket teeth.

[0024] In this embodiment, during the continuous quenching process of the bucket teeth, the conveying device 1 first sends the red-hot bucket teeth, which have been treated by the heating device 2, to the flipping guide mechanism 3. The falling posture is corrected by the physical interference of the flipping guide mechanism 3, which forces the randomly falling bucket teeth to a specific water entry posture of "teeth tip vertically downward and teeth root vertically upward". This solves the problem of randomness in water entry posture caused by traditional free fall and avoids bending deformation caused by uneven heating area. Subsequently, the bucket teeth enter the multi-stage quenching mechanism 5. By dividing the quenching space, there is a rapid cooling zone for thick tooth roots and a slow cooling zone for thin tooth tips. This ensures that the thick roots have sufficient cooling intensity to obtain high-hardness martensite, while preventing cold cracks from occurring at the thin-walled tips due to excessive cooling rate. This greatly improves the overall mechanical properties of the finished product. At the same time, the circulation protection mechanism is activated simultaneously to build a flexible steam-water mixture film on the tooth tip surface for heat preservation and buffering, which greatly reduces the local thermal stress at the tip. This improves the yield of bucket teeth without increasing additional energy consumption.

[0025] Example 2 like Figures 3-5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the flipping guide mechanism 3 further includes a guide structure fixedly installed at the tail end of the conveying device 1 and a cooling structure fixedly installed inside the fixed seat 6. The guide structure includes a mounting bracket 10 fixedly installed at the tail end of the conveying device 1. A limiting seat 9 for spatially limiting the bucket teeth is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat 6. A connecting frame 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting bracket 10. A guide seat 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting frame 11, and a guide roller 13 is rotatably connected to the end of the guide seat 12. The cooling structure includes cooling chambers 14 symmetrically opened on both sides of the fixed seat 6. A connecting plate 15 is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the fixed seat 6. A circulation pipe 16 is fixedly installed at the end of each connecting plate 15, and one end of the circulation pipe 16 extends into the interior of the cooling chamber 14.

[0026] In this embodiment, during the posture correction and continuous conveying stage of the bucket teeth, the conveying device 1 first transports the high-temperature bucket teeth to the guide seat 12. The guide seat 12 is used to construct a channel to initially guide and sort the material, effectively avoiding the stacking and jamming of the bucket teeth during the conveying process. This ensures that the bucket teeth can move to the next work station in a uniform and orderly manner. When the bucket teeth move horizontally to the top of the fixed seat 6 and are ready to fall, the limiting seat 9 at the top of the fixed seat 6 pre-limits the movement trajectory of the bucket teeth in space. This can prevent the high-temperature bucket teeth from deviating or accidentally scattering when they leave the conveyor belt, greatly enhancing the stability and continuity of material transfer across work stations. Subsequently, the bucket teeth fall into the elliptical tilting groove 7 within the fixed base 6 under the influence of gravity. The bucket teeth fall into the elliptical tilting groove 7, which is shaped like a funnel and is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, in a random posture under the influence of gravity. First, the elliptical macroscopic outline of the tilting groove 7 guides the flat bucket teeth to rotate horizontally, forcing their outer outline to fall in the direction of the long axis. As the internal space rapidly contracts downward, based on the natural asymmetrical geometric characteristics of the bucket teeth, which are "wide and thick at the root and thin at the tip", if the bucket teeth fall in a non-ideal posture with the root facing down, their wide root will inevitably collide with the gradually narrowing inclined inner wall first and cause spatial interference. At the moment of interference, the collision point is transformed into a rigid eccentric support fulcrum, which partially retains and blocks the root, while the thinner tip remains suspended due to the ample space below. At this moment, under the continuous pull of gravity, the suspended tooth tip and the overall center of gravity of the bucket tooth generate a strong downward eccentric torque around the collision fulcrum, forcing the bucket tooth to roll in space along the inner wall like an unbalanced lever. Finally, as the slender tooth tip is "flew" to the bottom by gravity, the tooth tip perfectly fits the extremely narrow exit at the bottom, the physical interference of the inner wall is completely eliminated, and the bucket tooth is naturally and accurately corrected to an absolutely consistent posture of "tooth tip vertically downward and tooth root vertically upward", and smoothly slides into the multi-stage quenching mechanism 5. Furthermore, addressing the engineering challenge of the continuously falling red-hot bucket teeth causing heat buildup and severe thermal deformation in the fixed base 6, the equipment incorporates a cooling chamber 14 with a "wider at the bottom and narrower at the top" cross-section inside the fixed base 6. During operation, the circulating pipe 16 introduces ambient temperature cooling water from the wide bottom cavity. The warm water, after absorbing heat and expanding, is rapidly discharged from the narrow top opening along the gradually narrowing cavity wall. This conforms to the physical tendency of hot fluid to expand in volume and naturally rise after being heated. By accelerating fluid discharge through cross-sectional contraction, the cooling dead zones inside the cavity are completely eliminated, ensuring that the fixed base 6 maintains extremely high dimensional accuracy and structural stability when facing continuous, high-frequency thermal shocks, thus preventing the risk of material jamming.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, preferably, the inner wall of the elliptical overturning groove 7 has an asymmetrical sliding ridge 17 protruding on one side along the long axis of its cross section. The upper part of the sliding ridge 17 is a smoothly transitioning guide slope. The normal distance from the highest point of the sliding ridge 17 protruding inward to the inner wall of the opposite side of the elliptical overturning groove 7 is greater than the maximum thickness of the tip of the bucket tooth to be treated, and less than the maximum thickness of the root of the bucket tooth to be treated.

[0028] In this embodiment, due to the special geometric configuration of the bucket teeth being "thick at the root and thin at the tip," the sliding edge 17 allows the thinner tip of the bucket teeth to pass smoothly without interference, but it forms a physical obstruction to the thicker root of the bucket teeth. When the bucket teeth fall into the elliptical overturning groove 7 in any random posture, if the thicker root is facing downwards or in a side-sliding posture, the wide root will inevitably interfere with and collide with the smoothly transitioning guide slope on the upper part of the sliding edge 17. At the moment of collision, the sliding edge 17 forms a local stagnation and obstruction to the falling root, and is transformed into an "eccentric rotation fulcrum" on the spot. At this time, due to the obstruction and shift of the overall center of gravity of the bucket teeth, under the continuous action of its own gravitational torque, The bucket teeth will undergo a forced eccentric rotation around the pivot point, causing the lighter, unobstructed tips to swing downwards, thus automatically reconstructing their posture. This utilizes the characteristic dimensional differences of the bucket teeth themselves and the gravitational field to adjust the orientation of the teeth. This not only effectively avoids equipment damage or "lock-up" problems caused by rigid collisions, but also ensures that every randomly falling high-temperature bucket tooth can be forcibly corrected to an absolutely uniform posture of "teeth tip vertically downwards and teeth root vertically upwards." This provides an extremely stable and consistent spatial reference coordinate for subsequent high-precision segmented isolation quenching, greatly improving the continuous operation reliability of the fully automated heat treatment production line.

[0029] Example 3 like Figure 6 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, a base 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the multi-segment quenching mechanism 5, a plurality of air jet holes 19 are arrayed on the top surface of the base 18, a vertical sliding cavity is formed inside the base 18, a baffle 20 is slidably sleeved in the vertical sliding cavity, an auxiliary spring 21 is installed between the inner walls of the vertical sliding cavity, and the auxiliary spring 21 is connected to the baffle 20 in cooperation. A lifting assembly is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the quenching pool 4, a lifting plate 22 is installed at the power output end of the lifting assembly, the lifting plate 22 is located directly below the base 18, and when the lifting plate 22 moves upward, it abuts against the bottom end of the baffle 20. A circulation protection mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the base 18, and the circulation protection mechanism is connected to the flipping guide mechanism 3 and the multi-segment quenching mechanism 5 in cooperation.

[0030] In this embodiment, after being passively corrected by gravity through the elliptical flipping groove 7 and longitudinally limited and sorted by the directional guide groove 8, the bucket teeth fall precisely into the base 18 of the multi-segment quenching mechanism 5 with a uniform standard posture of "teeth tip vertically downward and teeth root vertically upward". As the bucket teeth continue to descend, the gradually widening waist part of the bucket teeth will precisely engage and fit with the adaptive baffle 20 on the inner side of the base 18. At the same time, the slender bottom tips of the bucket teeth penetrate the lower port of the base 18 and firmly abut against the upper surface of the lifting plate 22. At this time, thanks to the tight conformal fit between the baffle 20 and the outer wall of the bucket teeth, the entire quenching area is successfully physically blocked into two independent cooling flow fields that do not interfere with each other. At the same time, the circulation protection mechanism is activated simultaneously, converting the collected waste steam into a steam-water mixture to provide flexible air film protection for the exposed fragile tips. By using baffle 20 and the dynamic contouring barrier of the bucket tooth itself, the "micro-environment differentiated segmented quenching" of the same bucket tooth under the same process is perfectly realized. The powerful direct injection in the upper section ensures that the thick tooth root can obtain an extremely high cooling rate to generate high-hardness martensite, while the cyclic phase transformation protection in the lower section builds a slow cooling buffer barrier for the weak tooth tip. This not only completely eliminates the quenching cold cracks induced by the tooth tip due to excessive cooling rate, but also enables the bucket tooth to perfectly balance the performance of "extreme wear resistance at the root and extremely toughness at the tip" without adding extra complex temperature control equipment.

[0031] It should be noted that after a quenching process is completed, the lifting structure drives the lifting plate 22 to descend. As the lifting plate 22 descends, the bucket teeth will fall into the material belt inside the quenching pool 4.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, preferably, the output ends of each jet hole 19 on the base 18 are inclined downwards, and the central axis of the jet hole 19 forms an angle of inclination of 10° to 20° with the horizontal reference plane.

[0033] In this embodiment, due to the significant geometric difference of the bucket teeth being "thick at the root and thin at the tip," the jet nozzle 19, through a high-pressure pumping system, directionally sprays the cooling quenching liquid onto the surface of the bucket teeth at an extremely high flow rate. For the thick root (quench zone): the enormous impact force generated by the high-speed jet can quickly peel away the nascent vapor film on the root surface, allowing the quenching medium to directly contact the high-temperature metal, thereby achieving an extremely high cooling rate and ensuring the formation of a high-hardness martensitic structure at the root to improve wear resistance. For the thin tip (slow cooling protection): through the jet nozzle... The placement of orifices 19 ensures that they primarily cover the upper and middle sections of the bucket teeth. This localized, powerful cooling contrasts sharply with the underlying film cooling mechanism. By adjusting the flow rate and velocity, different parts of the bucket teeth exhibit a stepped cooling rate. The output ends of each jet orifice 19 are angled downwards, maintaining a 10° to 20° angle between their central axis and the horizontal reference plane. This ensures both the initial velocity direction of the jet and allows for the physical evolution of the fluid's subsequent movement. During quenching, the bucket teeth shed a significant amount of oxide scale and impurities. The downward-sloping openings prevent these impurities from flowing backwards into the orifices under gravity, thus completely eliminating the risk of nozzle blockage and ensuring the long-term stability of the equipment.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, preferably, the interior of the base 18 has an 8-shaped connecting cavity that narrows in the middle. The connecting cavity has a constricted mating area in the middle and expansion areas distributed on both sides of the constricted mating area. The baffle 20, in conjunction with the constricted mating area, divides the internal connecting cavity of the base 18 into two cooling spaces.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the bucket teeth fall into the base 18 in a rectified posture with the tips pointing vertically downwards and the roots pointing vertically upwards, the connecting inner cavity of the base 18 is shaped like an "8". It naturally has a narrow "neck fitting area" similar to the middle of an hourglass and "expansion areas" at the upper and lower ends. The outer contour of the baffle 20 forms a tight fit with the inner wall of the neck area, just like inserting a perfectly fitting valve into the narrowest part of the hourglass, instantly cutting off the fluid channel in the middle. In this state, the thick roots of the bucket teeth stay in the upper expansion area, while the thin tips extend to the lower expansion area. The originally connected large cavity is divided into two independent cooling microenvironments that do not flow to each other. After the space is physically divided into two independent cooling spaces, crossflow and heat interference between the upper and lower flow fields are completely eliminated. This allows the upper expansion zone to use jet holes 19 to perform high-intensity quenching on the thick tooth root (ensuring the generation of high-hardness martensite), while the lower expansion zone can use a circulation protection mechanism to perform flexible air film slow cooling on the fragile tooth tip (preventing cold cracks). On the same equipment and at the same workstation, "segmented customized differential quenching" for a single irregular workpiece is perfectly realized. The two ends of the figure-eight shape are "expansion zones". In fluid mechanics, when fluid enters the expansion zone from a narrow pipe, the flow velocity will drop sharply due to the sudden increase in cross-sectional area (i.e., diffusion deceleration). This provides a perfect static microenvironment for the circulation protection mechanism. If the space is too narrow and the water flow is too rapid, the bubbles will be dispersed as soon as they come out. With this expansion zone, the microbubbles at the bottom can rise steadily and slowly to form a high-density gaseous insulation layer, which firmly protects the fragile tooth tip.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, preferably, the top end of the baffle 20 is provided with a guide slope that is inclined toward the center of the inner cavity; the inner sidewall of the baffle 20 is fixedly covered with a flexible protective layer, and the flexible protective layer has a contoured contact surface that fits into the outer surface of the bucket teeth.

[0037] In this embodiment, at the instant the bucket teeth fall through the interior of the base 18 and enter the necking mating area, due to equipment vibration or the workpiece's own slight posture adjustment, the bucket teeth are prone to slight horizontal lateral displacement. At this time, the lower end or side wall of the bucket teeth will first touch the guide slope inclined towards the center of the inner cavity at the top of the baffle 20. Utilizing the wedge-shaped guiding effect of this slope, part of the vertically falling gravity of the bucket teeth is converted into lateral thrust, forcing the displaced bucket teeth to slide very smoothly along the slope towards the absolute central axis of the inner cavity, completing adaptive centering and correction. Once the bucket teeth accurately fall into the predetermined position, the baffle 20 closes under the drive of the mechanism and clamps towards the middle waistline of the bucket teeth. At this time, the flexible protective layer fixedly covering the inner wall of the baffle 20 first comes into physical contact with the surface of the bucket teeth, which is in a high-temperature and red-hot state. Since the protective layer has a pre-made contoured contact surface that is consistent with the contour of the outer surface of the bucket teeth, the flexible material will undergo adaptive micro-elastic deformation when squeezed, tightly fitting and even filling the slight unevenness of the surface of the bucket teeth.

[0038] Example 4 like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the circulation protection mechanism includes a fixed bracket 23 fixedly installed on one side of the base 18, an installation cylinder 24 fixedly installed on the fixed bracket 23, an air outlet pipe 25 fixedly installed at the bottom end of the installation cylinder 24, a corrugated pipe 26 fixedly installed at the bottom end of the air outlet pipe 25, and the corrugated pipe 26 fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate 22, a diverter seat 28 fixedly installed inside the installation cylinder 24, and a diverter pipe 27 fixedly installed at one end of the diverter seat 28 extending to the outside of the installation cylinder 24, the end of the diverter pipe 27 away from the installation cylinder 24 being connected to the circulation pipe 16, a guide pipe 29 fixedly installed on one side of the installation cylinder 24, and the guide pipe 29 being fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 18, and an air collection chamber 30 is opened at the top of the interior of the base 18, and the air collection chamber 30 is connected to the guide pipe 29.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the bucket teeth enter the multi-stage quenching mechanism 5 for quenching, the thick root of the bucket teeth, which is in a high-temperature austenitic state, comes into contact with the quenching liquid first, instantly triggering violent film boiling and releasing a massive amount of high-temperature waste steam. Under the action of buoyancy, the steam quickly rises and is captured without damage by the dome-shaped gas collecting chamber 30, forming a high-pressure steam drum. At the same time, the cooling return water with a certain flow rate and pressure flowing out from the circulation pipe 16 is continuously introduced into the distribution seat 28 inside the mounting cylinder 24 through the distribution pipe 27. Utilizing the gradually narrowing flow channel constructed by the distribution seat 28 and the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 24, the cooling water sprays... The water jet accelerates rapidly at the moment of exit. According to Bernoulli's principle, a strong Venturi negative pressure (vacuum) is instantly generated in the cavity inside the mounting cylinder 24. In conjunction with the air guide pipe 29, the high-temperature steam accumulated in the gas collecting chamber 30 is actively and quickly drawn into the mounting cylinder 24. In the narrow jet confluence area, the high-speed water flow is like a sharp blade, forcibly shearing and breaking down the large clumps of steam, mixing them to form an extremely fine gas-liquid two-phase flexible emulsion. Finally, this mixture of slightly warm and dense bubbles, driven by residual kinetic energy, flows along the air outlet pipe 25 and the flexible corrugated pipe 26, converging and spraying onto the most vulnerable tip of the bucket tooth. Traditional quenching processes treat the steam generated by the workpiece as harmful waste gas that causes "incomplete quenching" and often disperse it through strong stirring. The harmful waste steam generated at the root of the tooth is transformed into a "vapor phase heat shield" that protects the weak tooth tip. The higher the temperature of the tooth root and the more steam is generated, the thicker the air bubbles at the bottom wrap around the tooth tip. As the workpiece cools down as a whole, the steam decreases and the protective film automatically thins and fades. The thermodynamic self-driven closed loop without any electronic temperature control probe achieves extreme cooling rate matching and completely eliminates martensitic cold cracks at the tooth tip. The circulation protection mechanism not only transfers steam but also uses hydraulic shearing to break down pure steam into micron-sized bubbles, which are then mixed with cooling return water. What is sprayed onto the tooth tip is no longer a simple large bubble that easily causes cavitation erosion, but a mild and dense "steam-water mixture," which constructs an extremely stable dynamic flexible buffer layer on the tooth tip surface. Its cooling intensity is between that of pure water and pure gas, giving the irregularly shaped high-carbon steel workpiece excellent comprehensive toughness. The entire process of exhaust gas extraction and mixing pressurization fully utilizes the return water generated after cooling by the previous flipping guide mechanism 3 as a fluid power source. There is no need for an expensive external air compressor or high-temperature vacuum pump. Only through the ingenious flow channel geometry (Venturi jet), the perfect combination of "residual pressure utilization" and "exhaust gas transfer" is achieved, which greatly reduces the operating energy consumption and subsequent maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0040] like Figure 6As shown, preferably, a plurality of jet seats 31 are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the lifting plate 22, and a plurality of jet holes are opened at the top of the jet seat 31 along the circumferential direction; the jet axis of the jet hole is inclined inward and upward, and the jet axis of the jet hole extends in the space above the jet seat 31 and intersects at the same point on the vertical line of the center of the jet seat 31.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the gas-liquid mixture is delivered under high pressure to each jet seat 31 on the upper surface of the lifting plate 22, the fluid is forced to be evenly distributed and enter several inclined nozzles opened along the circumferential direction. Since the jet axis of each nozzle is inclined inward and upward, multiple high-speed jets of gas-liquid mixture undergo violent geometric convergence and fluid collision at the same point in the space directly above the jet seat 31. During quenching, this convergence point is precisely positioned at the extremely thin tip of the inverted bucket tooth. Traditional vertical jetting methods cause bubbles to easily slide away quickly along the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the bucket tooth, making it impossible to form an effective heat insulation layer at the tip. This invention innovatively adopts an array nozzle design that "inclines inward and upward and converges," which, like a "spotlight," forcibly constrains and converges all the flexible cooling medium at one point. This targeted energy concentration ensures that the bubbles act on the most crack-prone tip of the bucket teeth, greatly improving the hit rate and encapsulation density of the gas phase protection. The tip of the bucket teeth is extremely thin and fragile at high temperatures. If the fluid directly impacts at high speed, it will not only destroy the bubble film but may even cause physical micro-deformation of the tip. The circulating protection mechanism cleverly eliminates the macroscopic impact kinetic energy of the fluid by utilizing the fluid dynamics effect of multiple inclined jets "colliding" at the same point, artificially creating a "fluid static pressure stagnation point" at the tip of the teeth. This puts the tip of the teeth in a relatively static, flexible environment of warm water and bubbles, achieving extremely gentle "mild cooling". Because the root of the bucket teeth is extremely thick, it needs to be cooled very quickly to ensure hardness. However, the tip of the teeth is extremely thin, and if the cooling rate is too fast, it is easy to generate martensitic transformation thermal stress cracks. Through the high-density encapsulation gas film built at the bottom by the jet seat 31, the heat exchange rate at the tip of the teeth is greatly reduced, compensating for the extreme physical cross-sectional difference of the bucket teeth being thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom. This allows the entire bucket teeth to achieve isothermal phase transformation in the same quenching tank, ensuring overall high hardness.

[0042] like Figure 1 - Figure 5 As shown, preferably, the inner cavity of the flow divider 28 and the mounting cylinder 24 together form a tapered guide cavity that is gradually narrowed; the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered guide cavity gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the system is running and waste steam needs to be extracted, the cooling return water introduced by the circulation pipe 16 first enters the diversion pipe 27. When the cooling water flows through the conical guide cavity formed by the diversion seat 28 and the inner cavity of the mounting cylinder 24, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity gradually decreases smoothly along the flow direction of the fluid (i.e., it is set in a tapered shape), according to the incompressible fluid continuity equation in fluid mechanics ( ), and These represent the cross-sectional areas at the front and rear ends of the conical guide cavity, respectively. and These represent the fluid velocity at the corresponding cross-sections. When the water is forced through a continuously narrowing channel, its velocity will undergo a violent and continuous physical acceleration. Subsequently, according to Bernoulli's principle, the rapid increase in fluid kinetic energy (velocity) will inevitably lead to a sharp drop in its static pressure energy. Therefore, at the narrowest point of the conical guide cavity (i.e., the jet throat region), the static pressure of the water will instantly drop below the ambient atmospheric pressure or even the absolute vapor pressure, thereby generating an extremely strong jet negative pressure (local vacuum zone). This powerful physical negative pressure acts precisely at the inlet of the air guide pipe 29, like an invisible "powerful air pump," instantly breaking the pressure balance in the gas collecting chamber 30 and forcibly drawing high-temperature waste steam continuously into the installation cylinder 24. Subsequently, the drawn-in high-temperature steam collides head-on with the cooling water jet at an extremely high velocity, is violently sheared and pulverized at the end of the cavity, and is ultimately carried to form a gas-liquid two-phase mixed fluid that is output downstream.

[0044] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat treatment device for producing bucket teeth, characterized in that, include: A conveying device (1) is used to convey bucket teeth. A heating device (2) is provided on the conveying path of the conveying device (1), and the heating device (2) is fixedly installed above the conveying device (1) to heat the bucket teeth passing through the heating device (2). A flipping guide mechanism (3) is provided at the tail end of the conveying device (1) to flip and guide the bucket teeth being fed. A quenching pool (4) is provided below the flipping guide mechanism (3). A multi-segment quenching mechanism (5) for quenching the bucket teeth is installed inside the quenching pool (4), and the multi-segment quenching mechanism (5) is connected to the bottom end of the flipping guide mechanism (3). A circulation protection mechanism is fixedly installed on the side wall of the multi-segment quenching mechanism (5). The flipping guide mechanism (3) includes a fixed seat (6) fixedly installed at the top of the quenching pool (4). An elliptical flipping groove (7) is provided at the top of the interior of the fixed seat (6) for the bucket teeth entering the interior of the fixed seat (6) to flip. A directional guide groove (8) is provided at the bottom of the interior of the fixed seat (6) for guiding the bucket teeth.

2. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flipping guide mechanism (3) also includes a guide structure fixedly installed at the tail end of the conveying device (1) and a cooling structure fixedly installed inside the fixed seat (6). The guide structure includes a mounting bracket (10) fixedly installed at the tail end of the conveying device (1). A limiting seat (9) for spatially limiting the bucket teeth is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed seat (6). A connecting frame (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting bracket (10). A guide seat (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting frame (11). A guide roller (13) is rotatably connected to the end of the guide seat (12). The cooling structure includes cooling chambers (14) symmetrically opened on both sides of the fixed seat (6). A connecting plate (15) is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the fixed seat (6). A circulation pipe (16) is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting plate (15). One end of the circulation pipe (16) extends into the interior of the cooling chamber (14).

3. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the elliptical overturning groove (7) has an asymmetrical sliding ridge (17) protruding on one side along the long axis of its cross section. The upper part of the sliding ridge (17) is a smoothly transitioning guide slope. The normal distance from the highest point of the sliding ridge (17) protruding inward to the inner wall of the opposite side of the elliptical overturning groove (7) is greater than the maximum thickness of the tip of the bucket tooth to be treated and less than the maximum thickness of the root of the bucket tooth to be treated.

4. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the multi-segment quenching mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to a base (18). The top surface of the base (18) is arrayed with several air jet holes (19). The interior of the base (18) is provided with a vertical sliding cavity. A baffle (20) is slidably sleeved in the vertical sliding cavity. An auxiliary spring (21) is installed between the inner walls of the vertical sliding cavity. The auxiliary spring (21) and the baffle (20) are connected in cooperation. The inner wall of the quenching pool (4) is fixedly provided with a lifting assembly. A lifting plate (22) is installed at the power output end of the lifting assembly. The lifting plate (22) is located directly below the base (18). When the lifting plate (22) moves upward, it abuts against the bottom end of the baffle (20). A circulation protection mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the base (18). The circulation protection mechanism is connected in cooperation with the flipping guide mechanism (3) and the multi-segment quenching mechanism (5).

5. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output ends of each jet hole (19) on the base (18) are all inclined downwards, and the central axis of the jet hole (19) is inclined at an angle of 10° to 20° with the horizontal reference plane.

6. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (18) has an 8-shaped connecting cavity with a narrowing center. The connecting cavity has a necked-out mating area in the center and an expansion area on both sides of the necked-out mating area. The baffle (20) works with the necked-out mating area to divide the connecting cavity of the base (18) into two cooling spaces.

7. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the baffle (20) is provided with a guide slope that is inclined toward the center of the inner cavity; the inner wall of the baffle (20) is fixedly covered with a flexible protective layer, and the flexible protective layer has a contoured contact surface that fits into the outer surface of the bucket teeth.

8. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The circulation protection mechanism includes a fixed bracket (23) fixedly installed on one side of the base (18), an installation cylinder (24) fixedly installed on the fixed bracket (23), an air outlet pipe (25) fixedly installed at the bottom end of the installation cylinder (24), a corrugated pipe (26) fixedly installed at the bottom end of the air outlet pipe (25), and the corrugated pipe (26) is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting plate (22). A diverter seat (28) is fixedly installed inside the installation cylinder (24), and the diverter seat ( One end of the 28) extends to the outside of the mounting cylinder (24) and is fixedly installed with a diversion pipe (27). The end of the diversion pipe (27) away from the mounting cylinder (24) is connected to the circulation pipe (16). A guide pipe (29) is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting cylinder (24) and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base (18). An air collection chamber (30) is opened at the top of the inside of the base (18) and is connected to the guide pipe (29).

9. The heat treatment equipment for producing bucket teeth according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper surface of the lifting plate (22) is fixedly provided with a number of jet seats (31), and the top of the jet seat (31) is provided with a number of spray holes along the circumferential direction; the spray axis of the spray holes is inclined inward and upward, and the spray axis of the spray holes extends in the space above the jet seat (31) and intersects at the same point on the vertical line of the center of the jet seat (31).

10. A heat treatment device for producing bucket teeth according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the diverter seat (28) and the mounting cylinder (24) together form a tapered guide cavity that is gradually narrowed; the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered guide cavity gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction.

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