A wellhead multifunctional make and break device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil drilling, and particularly relates to a wellhead multifunctional make and break device. The wellhead multifunctional make and break device comprises: a lifting guide rail; a back wrench movably arranged on the lifting guide rail; a main wrench movably arranged on the lifting guide rail; a threaded compensation mechanism arranged between the main wrench and the back wrench, the threaded compensation mechanism being configured to automatically adjust the axial distance between the main wrench and the back wrench during make and break; and a mud splash-proof mechanism arranged between the main wrench and the back wrench, the mud splash-proof mechanism being configured to be lifted according to the axial distance between the main wrench and the back wrench, so as to wrap the gap between the main wrench and the back wrench.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil drilling technology, specifically, it relates to a multi-functional wellhead attaching and unattaching device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technology, the tools used for uncoupling drill pipe during oil drilling are called tongs. Traditional tongs mainly consist of a main tong, a back tong, and a spin tong. Some more advanced tongs are equipped with mud splash guards at the tong heads.

[0003] While existing iron drill pliers are relatively mature in technology, they still have some shortcomings or deficiencies. The iron drill pliers mainly consist of a main clamp, a back clamp, and a twisting clamp; due to the presence of three clamps, the overall height is quite high.

[0004] Most modern iron drill tongs are improvements on the hydraulic tongs, which cannot simultaneously handle the connection and disconnection of drill pipe and casing. When connecting and disconnecting drill pipes of different sizes, the tongs need to be changed. The main and back tongs of the iron drill tongs are front-opening. During connection and disconnection, the drill tongs need to be moved to allow the drill pipe to enter through the front opening. After connection and disconnection, the drill tongs need to be moved backward to move the drill pipe from inside the main and back tongs to the outside, increasing drilling time. The mud splash guard on the iron drill tongs only covers the drill pipe joints, and a small amount of mud still spills onto the drill table during actual use. Traditional iron drill tongs lack functions for cleaning and lubricating drill pipe joints; a separate set of equipment is required for cleaning and lubricating drill pipes during tripping in and out of the drill string. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems mentioned above, the present invention aims to provide a multifunctional wellhead uncoupling device, which can solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0006] According to the present invention, a multi-functional wellhead coupling / uncoupling device is provided, comprising:

[0007] Lifting guide rail;

[0008] A movable back clamp mounted on the lifting guide rail;

[0009] The main clamp is movable and mounted on the lifting guide rail;

[0010] A thread compensation mechanism is provided between the main clamp and the back clamp, the thread compensation mechanism being configured to automatically adjust the axial distance between the main clamp and the back clamp during the process of adding and removing threads;

[0011] A mud splash prevention mechanism is disposed between the main clamp and the back clamp. The mud splash prevention mechanism is configured to rise and fall according to the axial distance between the main clamp and the back clamp, thereby covering the gap between the main clamp and the back clamp.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, a first jaw seat is rotatably disposed in the middle of the main jaw, and a plurality of main jaw teeth are uniformly disposed circumferentially in the first jaw seat, and the main jaw teeth are radially telescopically disposed in the first jaw seat.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the main jaw is provided with a rotary buckle driver and an upper buckle driver that are driven and connected to the first jaw seat.

[0014] In one specific embodiment, a second jaw seat is provided in the middle of the back clamp, and a plurality of back clamp teeth are uniformly arranged circumferentially in the second jaw seat. The back clamp teeth are arranged radially and telescopically in the second jaw seat.

[0015] In one specific embodiment, the main clamp is located above the back clamp, and the mud splash prevention mechanism includes a splash prevention cylinder coaxially and vertically mounted on the back clamp. The splash prevention cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the second clamp jaw seat, and the upper end of the splash prevention cylinder contacts the lower end face of the main clamp.

[0016] In one specific embodiment, the top of the splash-proof cylinder is provided with a flange, and a plurality of lifting liquid cylinders are evenly arranged circumferentially along the edge of the splash-proof cylinder. The upper and lower ends of the lifting liquid cylinders are respectively connected to the flange and the back clamp.

[0017] In one specific embodiment, a sealing element for sealing with the outer wall of the tubing is provided on the second jaw seat.

[0018] In one specific embodiment, the seal is located above the back clamp teeth.

[0019] In one specific embodiment, a mud outlet hole is provided on the side wall of the back clamp, and the mud outlet hole communicates with the space enclosed by the seal and the splash guard.

[0020] In one specific embodiment, a cleaning mechanism and an oiling mechanism are provided on the upper part of the second clamp seat. The cleaning mechanism and the oiling mechanism are respectively used to clean and oil the coupling threads of the pipe column.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are as follows.

[0022] The multi-functional wellhead coupling device provided by this invention has functions such as coupling, uncoupling, screwing, mud splash prevention, cleaning, oiling, tubing string coupling, automatic thread compensation, and automatic safety clamping when the tubing string falls off. Integrating these functions together can greatly reduce the space occupied by the equipment on the drilling platform.

[0023] The main tongs of the wellhead multi-functional top-and-bottom coupling device have both top-and-bottom coupling and rotary coupling functions. Compared with the existing iron driller, it eliminates the need for a rotary coupling tong, which can reduce the overall height of the wellhead multi-functional top-and-bottom coupling device.

[0024] The main and back tongs of the wellhead multi-functional add-and-drop device have radially telescopic jaws with a high stroke, enabling them to add and drop couplers for various sizes of tubing without needing to replace the jaws. During tripping in and out of the well, the multi-functional add-and-drop device remains positioned at the wellhead. The tubing passes through the inside of the device during tripping, eliminating the need to remove it, saving time and increasing drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the wellhead multi-functional top-and-bottom coupling device proposed according to the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 This shows a front view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the wellhead multifunctional top and bottom hook device proposed according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a splash-proof cylinder according to the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 A top view of an embodiment of the main clamp proposed according to the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 5 A top view of one embodiment of the back clamp proposed according to the present invention is shown.

[0031] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0032] 1. Lifting guide rail; 2. Main clamp; 3. Clamping camera; 4. Translation guide rail; 5. Mud outlet hole; 6. Mud splash prevention mechanism; 7. Thread compensation mechanism; 8. Back clamp; 9. Splash prevention cylinder; 91. Flange; 10. Lifting cylinder; 11. Main clamp lifting mechanism; 12. First clamp jaw seat; 13. Main clamp jaw; 14. Rotary clamping driver; 15. Upper clamping driver; 16. Second clamp jaw seat; 17. Back clamp jaw; 18. Back clamp lifting mechanism; 19. Cleaning mechanism; 20. Oiling mechanism; 100. Wellhead multi-functional upper and lower clamping device.

[0033] In this application, all drawings are schematic and are used only to illustrate the principles of the invention, and are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that the directional terms or qualifiers used in this application, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are all specific to the referenced material. Figure 1 In other words, they are not used to define the absolute position of the components involved, but can vary depending on the specific circumstances.

[0036] Figure 1 The structure of the wellhead multi-functional add / remove device 100 according to the present invention is shown. For example... Figures 1-5 As shown, the wellhead multi-functional top and bottom coupling device 100 mainly includes a lifting guide rail 1, a back clamp 8, a main clamp 2, a thread compensation mechanism 7, and a mud splash prevention mechanism 6.

[0037] In this embodiment, there are two lifting guide rails 1, with the length axis of the lifting guide rail 1 set in the vertical direction, and the two lifting guide rails 1 are set side by side.

[0038] The back clamp 8 is vertically movable and mounted on the lifting guide rail 1. For example... Figure 5 As shown, two lifting guide rails 1 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the back clamp 8. A back clamp lifting mechanism 18 is installed inside the back clamp 8. The back clamp 8 is connected to the lifting guide rail 1 through the back clamp lifting mechanism 18. After the back clamp lifting mechanism 18 is started, it can drive the back clamp 8 to move up and down along the lifting guide rail 1, thereby adjusting the height of the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8.

[0039] In this embodiment, the back clamp lifting mechanism 18 includes a gear driven by a drive mechanism, and a rack that meshes with the back clamp lifting mechanism 18 is provided on the lifting guide rail 1. When the back clamp 8 needs to be lifted, the gear inside the back clamp lifting mechanism 18 moves up and down along the rack of the lifting guide rail 1.

[0040] The main clamp 2 is vertically movable on the lifting guide rail 1 and is located above the back clamp 8. For example... Figure 4 As shown, two lifting guide rails 1 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the main clamp 2. The main clamp 2 itself cannot slide up and down along the lifting guide rails 1. The main clamp 2 is connected to the back clamp 8 through a threaded compensation mechanism 7. When the back clamp 8 moves up and down relative to the lifting guide rails 1, the threaded compensation mechanism 7 drives the main clamp 2 to move up and down relative to the lifting guide rails 1, so that the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 can be located on the upper and lower sides of the coupling between the two pipe columns, respectively.

[0041] A thread compensation mechanism 7 is disposed between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8. The thread compensation mechanism 7 is configured to automatically adjust the axial distance between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 during the process of adding and removing threads. In this configuration, when the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 clamp two pipe strings respectively and perform adding and removing threads, the thread compensation mechanism 7 can automatically compensate for the axial displacement of the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 caused by the adding and removing threads of the pipe strings.

[0042] The mud splash prevention mechanism 6 is located between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8, and is designed to rise and fall according to the axial distance between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8, thereby enclosing the gap between them. When the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 uncouple the tubing, they each clamp two tubing sections. The tubing coupling is located between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 and is enclosed by the mud splash prevention mechanism 6. After the mud inside the two tubing sections overflows from the coupling, the mud splash prevention mechanism 6 prevents mud from splashing.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, a first jaw seat 12 is provided in the middle of the main jaw 2. Specifically, a through hole for mounting the first jaw seat 12 is provided vertically through the middle of the main jaw 2. The first jaw seat 12 is constructed in the shape of a ring and is coaxially rotatably disposed in the through hole of the main jaw 2.

[0044] A rotary coupling actuator 14 and an upper coupling actuator 15, which are driven and connected to the first jaw seat 12, are provided inside the main clamp 2. In this embodiment, the two rotary coupling actuators 14 and the two upper coupling actuators 15 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction inside the main clamp 2 and located outside the first jaw seat 12. Both the rotary coupling actuators 14 and the upper coupling actuators 15 are connected to the first jaw seat 12 by gear connection. After the rotary coupling actuators 14 and the upper coupling actuators 15 are activated, they can drive the first jaw seat 12 to rotate relative to the main clamp 2. Among them, the upper coupling actuator 15 has a larger torque and a lower speed, and is used to tighten or loosen the coupling thread between the two pipe columns, performing coupling operation. The rotary coupling actuator 14 has a smaller torque and a higher speed, and is used to make the two pipe columns rotate relative to each other, rapidly rotating the coupling thread between the two pipe columns, performing the coupling operation.

[0045] Multiple main jaws 13 are evenly arranged circumferentially within the first jaw holder 12, and the main jaws 13 are radially telescopically arranged within the first jaw holder 12. In this embodiment, four main jaws 13 are evenly arranged circumferentially within the first jaw holder 12, and all four main jaws 13 are radially telescopically arranged within the first jaw holder 12 via telescopic cylinders. The telescopic cylinders are deeply embedded inside the first jaw holder 12, which can maximize the telescopic stroke of the main jaws 13, thus allowing for the clamping of tubing of different sizes without the need to replace the jaws.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a second jaw seat 16 is provided in the middle of the back clamp 8. Specifically, a through hole for installing the second jaw seat 16 is provided vertically in the middle of the back clamp 8. The second jaw seat 16 is constructed in the shape of a ring and is fixedly installed in the through hole of the main clamp 2.

[0047] Multiple back clamp teeth 17 are evenly arranged circumferentially within the second clamp seat 16, and the back clamp teeth 17 are radially telescopically arranged within the second clamp seat 16. In this embodiment, four back clamp teeth 17 are evenly arranged circumferentially within the second clamp seat 16, and all four back clamp teeth 17 are radially telescopically arranged within the second clamp seat 16 via telescopic cylinders. The telescopic cylinders of the back clamp teeth 17 are deeply concealed inside the second clamp seat 16, which maximizes the telescopic stroke of the back clamp teeth 17, thus allowing for the clamping of tubing of different sizes without the need to replace the clamp teeth.

[0048] In one specific embodiment, the mud splash prevention mechanism 6 includes a splash prevention cylinder 9 coaxially and liftingly mounted on the back clamp 8. The splash prevention cylinder 9 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the second clamp jaw seat 16, and the upper end of the splash prevention cylinder 9 is in contact with the lower end face of the main clamp 2.

[0049] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the splash guard 9 is generally cylindrical in shape, with a flange 91 at the top. The outer diameter of the flange 91 is larger than the outer diameter of the splash guard 9. Multiple lifting cylinders 10 are evenly arranged circumferentially along the edge of the splash guard 9, with the upper and lower ends of the lifting cylinders 10 connected to the flange 91 and the back clamp 8, respectively. When the lifting cylinders 10 retract, the splash guard 9 can move downward relative to the back clamp 8, eventually retracting into the back clamp 8 until the lower end face of the flange 91 abuts against the upper end face of the back clamp 8. When the lifting cylinders 10 extend, the splash guard 9 can move upward relative to the back clamp 8, eventually extending until the upper end face of the flange 91 abuts against the lower end face of the main clamp 2. The lower end of the splash guard 9 is always inside the back clamp 8, thus completely enclosing the space between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8.

[0050] Furthermore, when the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 are engaged or disengaged from the tubing string, the main clamp 2 moves axially relative to the back clamp 8 due to the rotation of the thread. The splash guard 9 can automatically compensate for the axial distance between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 under the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder 10, ensuring that the splash guard 9 can completely enclose the space between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8.

[0051] In one specific embodiment, a sealing element (not shown in the figure) for sealing with the outer wall of the tubing is provided on the second jaw seat 16. In this embodiment, the sealing element is constructed in an annular shape, made of rubber material, and coaxially disposed in the second jaw seat 16. The wall of the through hole in the middle of the sealing element is in sealing contact with the outer wall of the tubing, thereby preventing mud from flowing downward along the tubing.

[0052] Furthermore, the seal is located above the jaws 17 of the back clamps. A mud outlet hole 5 is provided on the side wall of the back clamps 8. The mud outlet hole 5 communicates with the space enclosed by the seal and the splash guard 9. The downstream of the mud outlet hole 5 is connected to the mud collection point. With this configuration, the mud flowing out after the pipe coupling is unhooked can flow to the mud collection point through the mud outlet hole 5, preventing the mud from contacting the jaws 17 of the back clamps and extending the service life of the jaws 17 of the back clamps.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, four threaded compensation mechanisms 7 are arranged circumferentially on the outside of the splash guard 9. Each threaded compensation mechanism 7 is a hydraulic cylinder driven by an accumulator. The normal thrust of the four threaded compensation mechanisms 7 can push the main clamp 2 to the normal upper and lower engagement height. During engagement, the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 respectively clamp two pipe columns. During engagement, the two pipe columns move closer together under the action of the threads, causing the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 to move closer together, thereby compressing the threaded compensation mechanisms 7. The pressure inside the accumulator of the threaded compensation mechanisms 7 increases. After engagement, the main clamp 2 releases the pipe columns, and the main clamp 2 is pushed back to the initial height under the action of the threaded compensation mechanisms 7. During disengagement, the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 respectively clamp two pipe columns. During disengagement, the two pipe columns move away from each other under the action of the threads, causing the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 to move away from each other, thereby extending the threaded compensation mechanisms 7. After disengagement, the main clamp 2 releases the pipe columns, and the main clamp 2 compresses the threaded compensation mechanisms 7 back to the initial height under the action of gravity. The thread compensation mechanism 7, in conjunction with the accumulator, can play an automatic lifting and compensating role.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, a cleaning mechanism 19 and an oiling mechanism 20 are provided on the upper part of the second clamp seat 16. The cleaning mechanism 19 and the oiling mechanism 20 are used to clean and oil the coupling threads of the tubing, respectively. The cleaning mechanism 19 cleans the male threads of the tubing by spraying cleaning fluid, and the oiling mechanism 20 oils the male threads of the tubing by spraying oil. The specific structures of the cleaning mechanism 19 and the oiling mechanism 20 are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the wellhead multi-functional add / drop device 100 also includes a translation guide rail 4. The translation guide rail 4 is horizontally set on the drill platform (not shown in the figure), and the lifting guide rail 1 is movably set on the translation guide rail 4. In this configuration, the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 of the wellhead multi-functional add / drop device 100 can slide along the translation guide rail 4 under the action of the lifting guide rail 1. When the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 need to move away from the wellhead position, they can slide away from the wellhead position along the translation guide rail 4. During normal drilling, the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 remain stationary at the wellhead position, and the tubing string passes through the first clamp jaw seat 12 of the main clamp 2 and the second clamp jaw seat 16 of the back clamp 8.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 are designed as a box structure, which appears neat and simple from the outside.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, a snap-fit ​​camera 3 is mounted on the upper end of one of the lifting guide rails 1. The snap-fit ​​camera 3 is configured to tilt up and down to capture the height of the tubing string inside the wellhead. The specific structure of the snap-fit ​​camera 3 is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the wellhead multi-functional add / remove device 100 is connected to the control system. During normal drilling rig operation, the hoisting system lifts or lowers the tubing string. When the tubing string suddenly detaches from the hoisting system and falls into the wellhead, the hoisting system senses a sudden decrease in load and transmits a signal to the telescopic cylinder of the main tong 2, which controls the extension and retraction of the main tong jaws 13. The telescopic cylinder rapidly extends, causing the main tong jaws 13 to clamp the falling tubing string. The main tong jaws 13 can catch tubing weighing up to 15 tons falling at a speed of 1 m / s. Torque sensors for measuring the add / remove torque are also installed on the rotary drive 14 and the add / remove drive 15 inside the main tong 2. These sensors measure the torque during add / remove and transmit the measured torque signal to the control system.

[0059] The working process of the wellhead multi-functional add / remove coupling device 100 is as follows. During the drilling process, the main clamp 2 and back clamp 8 of the wellhead multi-functional add / remove coupling device 100 are stationary at the wellhead position on the translation guide rail 4. The back clamp 8 reaches the height of the female coupling of the tubing string inside the wellhead via the lifting guide rail 1, and the back clamp jaws 17 clamp the tubing string inside the wellhead. At this time, the main clamp jaws 13 inside the main clamp 2 are in the retracted state. The top drive carries the tubing string from the upper derrick down into the interior of the main clamp 2. The main clamp jaws 13 extend a certain length to contact the outer wall of the tubing string but do not clamp the tubing string, allowing the tubing string to move up and down, thus aligning the male coupling of the tubing string with the female coupling of the tubing string inside the wellhead. When the male coupling is lowered to a certain distance from the female coupling inside the wellhead, the mud splash prevention mechanism 6 extends from the interior of the back clamp 8 and pushes to the bottom of the main clamp 2, covering the space between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8. The cleaning mechanism 19 cleans the male coupling of the tubing string. After cleaning, the oiling mechanism 20 applies oil to the male coupling of the tubing string. During the cleaning and oiling process, the tubing string rotates slowly under the action of the top drive, facilitating thorough cleaning and oiling of the male thread. During cleaning and oiling, the mud splash prevention mechanism 6 collects all splashed cleaning fluid and oil, which flows out through the mud outlet 5 to the mud collection point. After the male thread of the tubing string is cleaned and oiled, the mud splash prevention mechanism 6 retracts into the back clamp 8, and the top drive continues to move the tubing string downwards. During this downward movement, the main clamp jaws 13 support the male thread end of the tubing string, ensuring accurate placement of the male thread into the female thread. This process requires the alignment camera 3 to capture the height of the tubing string for precise alignment. After the tubing string is aligned, the main clamp jaws 13 clamp the tubing string. The first jaw seat 12 rotates, driving the main clamp jaws 13 to rotate, thus attaching the thread to the tubing string. The torque sensor on the upper clamp driver 15 installed inside the main clamp 2 continuously measures the upper clamp torque. During the upper clamp process, the thread compensation mechanism 7 installed on the back clamp 8 drives the main clamp 2 to rise and fall, used for thread compensation during upper clamping.

[0060] The uncoupling process of the wellhead multi-functional uncoupling device 100 is as follows: The drilling rig's hoisting system lifts the tubing coupling between the main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 of the wellhead multi-functional uncoupling device 100. The camera 3 captures the height of the tubing coupling. The main clamp 2 and the back clamp 8 are adjusted to move along the lifting guide rail 1 to the height of the tubing coupling. The back clamp jaws 17 of the back clamp 8 clamp the lower end of the tubing coupling, and the main clamp jaws 13 of the main clamp 2 clamp the upper end of the tubing coupling. The mud splash prevention mechanism 6 inside the back clamp 8 extends and pushes against the lower surface of the main clamp 2. The first jaw seat 12 rotates, driving the main clamp jaws 13 to rotate, loosening and re-coupling the tubing. During the loosening and re-coupling process, the thread compensation mechanism 7 drives the main clamp 2 to rise and fall, which is used for thread lifting compensation during the loosening and re-coupling process. After the coupling is completed, the drilling rig's lifting system lifts the pipe string to disengage the pipe string coupling. The sprayed mud is collected by the mud splash prevention mechanism 6 and then flows out through the mud outflow hole 5 inside the back clamp 8, completing the uncoupling operation.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional wellhead coupling / uncoupling device, characterized in that, include: Lifting guide rail (1); A movable back clamp (8) is mounted on the lifting guide rail (1); The main clamp (2) is movable and mounted on the lifting guide rail (1); A thread compensation mechanism (7) is provided between the main clamp (2) and the back clamp (8), the thread compensation mechanism (7) being configured to automatically adjust the axial distance between the main clamp (2) and the back clamp (8) during the process of making and breaking the buckle; as well as A mud splash prevention mechanism (6) is provided between the main clamp (2) and the back clamp (8). The mud splash prevention mechanism (6) is configured to be able to rise and fall according to the axial distance between the main clamp (2) and the back clamp (8), thereby covering the gap between the main clamp (2) and the back clamp (8).

2. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first jaw seat (12) is rotatably provided in the middle of the main jaw (2). A plurality of main jaw teeth (13) are uniformly arranged in the first jaw seat (12) along the circumferential direction. The main jaw teeth (13) are arranged in the first jaw seat (12) in a radial telescopic manner.

3. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main clamp (2) is provided with a rotary buckle driver (14) and an upper buckle driver (15) that are drivenly connected to the first jaw seat (12).

4. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A second jaw seat (16) is provided in the middle of the back clamp (8), and a plurality of back clamp teeth (17) are uniformly arranged in the second jaw seat (16) along the circumferential direction. The back clamp teeth (17) are arranged in the second jaw seat (16) in a radial telescopic manner.

5. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main clamp (2) is located above the back clamp (8). The mud splash prevention mechanism (6) includes a splash prevention cylinder (9) coaxially and liftingly mounted on the back clamp (8). The splash prevention cylinder (9) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the second clamp jaw seat (16). The upper end of the splash prevention cylinder (9) is in contact with the lower end face of the main clamp (2).

6. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the splash-proof cylinder (9) is provided with a flange (91), and multiple lifting cylinders (10) are evenly arranged along the edge of the splash-proof cylinder (9) in the circumferential direction. The upper and lower ends of the lifting cylinder (10) are respectively connected to the flange (91) and the back clamp (8).

7. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sealing element for sealing with the outer wall of the tubing is provided on the second clamp seat (16).

8. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The seal is located above the back clamp teeth (17).

9. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A mud outlet hole (5) is provided on the side wall of the back clamp (8), and the mud outlet hole (5) is connected to the space enclosed by the seal and the splash guard (9).

10. The wellhead multi-functional coupling / uncoupling device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A cleaning mechanism (19) and an oiling mechanism (20) are provided on the upper part of the second clamp seat (16). The cleaning mechanism (19) and the oiling mechanism (20) are respectively used to clean and oil the coupling threads of the pipe column.

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