An electromagnetic coupling type fishable process system and method for oil and gas water wells

Abstract

The application discloses an electromagnetic coupling type fishable process system and method for oil and gas water wells, which comprises a pipe column and a downhole intelligent instrument, a plurality of layers of working barrels are installed in the pipe column from top to bottom, a first wireless transmission coil and a first control circuit are installed in each layer of working barrels, each layer of first wireless transmission coil and first control circuit is connected with a power supply and communication cable, a fishing joint is fixedly installed at the end of the downhole intelligent instrument, and a second wireless transmission coil and a second control circuit are installed at the lower part of the fishing joint; when layer-by-layer measurement and adjustment is performed, the downhole intelligent instrument is lowered into the working barrel, the second wireless transmission coil is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil, and energy transmission and bidirectional information communication are realized through electromagnetic coupling mode. The working barrel and the downhole intelligent instrument are used in non-electric contact mode, which is convenient for construction, low in operation risk, can realize layer-by-layer measurement and adjustment to meet the on-site operation demand, makes up for the deficiency of the prior art, realizes intelligent injection and production technology innovation, and reduces construction risk and operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oilfield construction technology, and in particular relates to an electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieval process system and method for oil, gas and water wells. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, downhole intelligent instruments for oil, gas and water wells typically employ four technologies: integrated cabled, integrated cableless, split cabled, and split cableless.

[0003] Integrated intelligent tools need to be pre-assembled with the working barrel and inserted into the well along with the tubing string. Integrated cabled downhole intelligent instruments control downhole intelligent instruments via cables, enabling online measurement and adjustment, but maintenance costs are high. Integrated cableless instruments use battery power, resulting in limited lifespan. Using a cable-driven controller to control and receive data stored in downhole intelligent instruments makes online measurement and adjustment difficult.

[0004] The split-type downhole intelligent instrument is completely independent of the working barrel. The working barrel is lowered to the target depth along with the tubing string, and the downhole intelligent instrument is sent to the target depth via wire rope or small-size coiled tubing and sits inside the working barrel. The split-type cabled downhole intelligent instrument uses a wet connector for power supply, which cannot achieve multi-layer measurement and adjustment, and the wet connector has the operational risk of repeated plugging and unplugging or well fluid contamination and electrical failure. On the other hand, the split-type cableless downhole intelligent instrument is battery powered and uses pressure DIP switch or other DIP switch methods. The DIP switch communication has high power consumption, short service life, high error rate, and makes it difficult to upload the collected data to the surface in real time.

[0005] Therefore, the maintenance cost of integrated downhole intelligent instruments is relatively high. If the intelligent tool fails or interferes with other operations, the tubing needs to be moved and retrieved, resulting in a large workload, long operation cycle, and increased cost of repeat operations. Split-type downhole intelligent instruments are difficult to achieve multi-layer real-time measurement and adjustment, and cannot meet the needs of on-site operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The problem this invention aims to solve is to provide an electromagnetically coupled, deployable and retrieval-compatible process system and method for oil, gas, and water wells. This system designs downhole intelligent instruments as non-contact, split-type structures, which are convenient to construct and have low operational risks. At the same time, it can achieve multi-layer measurement and adjustment to meet the needs of on-site operations, realize intelligent injection and production technology innovation, and reduce operating costs.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an electromagnetic coupling-type deployable and retrieval process system for oil, gas and water wells, including a tubing string and a downhole intelligent instrument. Multiple working cylinders are installed inside the tubing string from top to bottom. Each working cylinder contains a first wireless transmission coil and a first control circuit. Each first wireless transmission coil and the first control circuit are connected to a power supply and communication cable. A deployment and retrieval connector is fixedly installed at the end of the downhole intelligent instrument. A second wireless transmission coil and a second control circuit are installed at the lower part of the deployment and retrieval connector. When layered measurement and adjustment are required, the downhole intelligent instrument is lowered to an appropriate position inside the working cylinder. The second wireless transmission coil is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil, and energy transmission and bidirectional information communication are achieved through electromagnetic coupling.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper part of the tubing string is provided with a working cylinder upper connector. One end of the power supply and communication cable passes through the working cylinder upper connector and is sealed and electrically connected to each layer of the working cylinder. The working cylinders of each layer are sealed and electrically connected to each other through the power supply and communication cable using cable sealing connectors. The power supply and communication cable is lowered into the well along with the working cylinder, and the other end of the power supply and communication cable is led out to the outside of the wellhead and connected to the control box.

[0009] Furthermore, the downhole intelligent instrument is lowered to the appropriate position inside the working barrel, which is achieved through wireline retrieval or small-diameter coiled tubing retrieval.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-layer working cylinder comprises three layers, namely, the first working cylinder, the second working cylinder, and the third working cylinder, from bottom to top, with the diameter of the multi-layer working cylinder increasing layer by layer from bottom to top.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the second working cylinder is 2mm larger than the diameter of the first working cylinder, and the diameter of the third working cylinder is 2mm larger than the diameter of the second working cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter of the working cylinder in each layer is adapted to the diameter of the downhole intelligent instrument in the current layer; the inner diameter structure of the working cylinder is adapted to traditional mechanical water nozzle adjustment tools.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting step is provided on the inner wall of the working cylinder, and the inner diameter of the limiting step matches the diameter of the downhole intelligent instrument in the current layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower part of the tubing is provided with a lower connector for the working cylinder, and cable protective covers are installed on both the upper connector end face and the lower connector end face of the working cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the control box includes: A control system used to transmit information to a control circuit via a power supply and communication cable; The display system is used to display the received formation data and the working parameters of the working barrel and downhole intelligent instruments; A recording system is used to record all information transmitted between the control system and the control circuit.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an electromagnetically coupled, deployable and retrieval process method for oil, gas, and water wells, comprising the following steps: [The method is described in the first three parts of the invention.] S1: Connect the multi-layer working cylinder to the tubing in sequence. The working cylinders of each layer are connected in a sealed electrical connection through a power supply and communication cable. The upper connector of the top working cylinder is connected in a sealed electrical connection to one end of the power supply and communication cable. The power supply and communication cable is lowered into the well along with the working cylinder. The other end of the power supply and communication cable is led out to the outside of the wellhead and connected to the control box. The control box transmits control commands to the downhole through the power supply and communication cable. S2: Deploy the downhole intelligent instrument into the appropriate position inside the working cylinder via the deployment connector; S3: The second wireless transmission coil is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil, and energy transmission and bidirectional information communication are achieved through electromagnetic coupling. The sealing component on the outer wall of the downhole intelligent instrument separates the oil casing connection hole vertically to achieve layered sealing.

[0017] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are: This invention addresses the problems of existing cabled integrated downhole intelligent instruments for oil, gas, and water wells, both domestically and internationally, which require tubing string movement due to malfunctions or disruptions to other operations. It also solves the issues of electrical connection failures and the inability to perform multi-level measurement and adjustment in existing cabled split-type downhole intelligent instruments for oil, gas, and water wells, both domestically and internationally. Furthermore, it addresses the problems of power supply failures and the inability to perform real-time online measurement and adjustment in existing cableless integrated types of downhole instruments for oil, gas, and water wells, as well as the limited lifespan, high communication error rate, and inability to upload data in real-time in existing cableless split-type instruments for oil, gas, and water wells. This invention designs the downhole intelligent instrument as a non-contact, split-type device. Specifically, the main body of the downhole intelligent instrument for data acquisition and adjustment and the working cylinder that performs the functions are two independent units. No tubing string movement is required; maintenance and upkeep of the downhole intelligent instrument can be achieved solely through wireline or small-diameter continuous tubing. The non-electrical contact between the working cylinder and the downhole intelligent instrument facilitates construction and reduces operational risks. Simultaneously, it enables multi-level measurement and adjustment to meet on-site operational needs. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, achieves innovation in intelligent injection and production technology, and reduces construction risks and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the intelligent downhole instrument is inserted in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Tubing string; 2. Positioning insertion seal; 3. Lower connector of the working cylinder; 4. Third working cylinder; 5. Oil sleeve connecting hole; 6. Second working cylinder; 7. Downhole intelligent instruments; 8. First working casing; 9. Cables; 10. Control box; 11. Connector on the working cylinder; 12. Salvage connector; 13. First wireless transmission coil; 14. First control circuit; 15. Second wireless transmission coil; 16. Second control circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1As shown, an electromagnetically coupled, deployable and retrieval-enabled oil, gas, and water well system includes a tubing string 1 and a downhole intelligent instrument 7. Multiple working cylinders are installed inside the tubing string 1 from top to bottom. Each working cylinder contains a first wireless transmission coil 13 and a first control circuit 14. Each first wireless transmission coil 13 and first control circuit 14 is connected to a power supply and communication cable 9. A deployment and retrieval connector 12 is fixedly installed at the end of the downhole intelligent instrument 7. A second wireless transmission coil 15 and a second control circuit 16 are installed below the deployment and retrieval connector 12. When layered measurement and adjustment are required, the downhole intelligent instrument 7 is lowered to the appropriate position inside the working cylinder using either a wireline deployment or a small-diameter coiled tubing deployment method. The second wireless transmission coil 15 is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil 13 to prevent relative axial displacement between the two coils, which could affect power transmission efficiency and communication. Energy transmission and two-way information communication are achieved through electromagnetic coupling.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the upper part of the tubing string 1 is provided with an upper working tube connector 11, and the lower part of the tubing string 1 is provided with a lower working tube connector 3. Preferably, both the end face of the upper working tube connector 11 and the end face of the lower working tube connector 3 are equipped with cable protective covers to prevent the cable sealing joint from being squeezed and bumped when it is lowered into the well with the tubing string 1, and to avoid the power supply and communication cable 9 from being electrically connected to the well fluid.

[0026] One end of the power supply and communication cable 9 passes through the connector 11 on the working barrel and is sealed to each working barrel layer for electrical connection. The working barrel layers are sealed to each other through the power supply and communication cable 9 using cable sealing connectors, preventing the well fluid from being electrically connected to the power supply and communication cable 9, thus improving safety and stability. The power supply and communication cable 9 is lowered into the well along with the working barrel, and the other end of the power supply and communication cable 9 is led out to the outside of the wellhead and connected to the control box 10.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the multi-layer working cylinder provided in this embodiment includes three layers, from bottom to top: a first-layer working cylinder 8, a second-layer working cylinder 6, and a third-layer working cylinder 4. The diameter of each layer of the multi-layer working cylinder increases progressively from bottom to top, ensuring that the downhole intelligent instruments 7 in the first layer and the second layer can pass through smoothly. Preferably, the minimum diameter at the opening of the first-layer working cylinder 8 is the minimum diameter of all layers, the opening diameter of the second-layer working cylinder 6 is 2mm larger than the minimum diameter at the opening of the first-layer working cylinder 8, and the opening diameter of the third-layer working cylinder 4 is 2mm larger than the minimum diameter at the opening of the second-layer working cylinder 8.

[0028] Preferably, the minimum diameter of the opening of each working tube is adapted to the diameter of the downhole intelligent instrument 7 in the current layer. A limiting step is provided on the inner wall of the working tube, and the inner diameter of the limiting step matches the diameter of the downhole intelligent instrument 7 in the current layer.

[0029] Preferably, since each layer has an independent first wireless transmission coil 13 and first control circuit 14, the ground control box 10 can address and access specific layers to achieve layered fine water injection or oil extraction regulation.

[0030] Preferably, the downhole intelligent instrument 7 has a positioning insertion seal 2 that is compatible with the inner wall of the working cylinder, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall. The oil sleeve connecting hole 5 achieves sealing from top to bottom, thus achieving the purpose of layered measurement and adjustment. The inner diameter structure of the working cylinder is compatible with traditional mechanical water nozzle adjustment tools. Once the working cylinder fails, wireline operations or small-diameter coiled tubing operations can quickly replace the traditional mechanical adjustment tools.

[0031] Preferably, the control box 10 includes a control system, a display system, and a recording system.

[0032] The control system is used to transmit information with the first control circuit 14 via the power supply and communication cable 9.

[0033] The display system is used to display the received formation data and the working parameters of the working barrel and the downhole intelligent instrument 7.

[0034] A recording system is used to record all information transmitted between the control system and the first control circuit 14.

[0035] This invention also provides an electromagnetic coupling-based retrievable process for oil, gas, and water wells. Operating the aforementioned electromagnetic coupling-based retrievable process system for oil, gas, and water wells includes the following steps: S1: Connect the multi-layer working cylinder to the tubing string 1 in sequence. The working cylinders are connected in a sealed electrical connection through the power supply and communication cable 9. The upper connector of the top working cylinder is connected in a sealed electrical connection to one end of the power supply and communication cable 9. The power supply and communication cable 9 is lowered into the well along with the working cylinder. The other end of the power supply and communication cable 9 is led out to the outside of the wellhead and connected to the control box 10. The control box 10 transmits control commands to the downhole through the power supply and communication cable 9.

[0036] S2: Deploy the downhole intelligent instrument 7 to the appropriate position inside the working barrel through the deployment connector 12.

[0037] S3: The second wireless transmission coil 15 is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil 13, and energy transmission and bidirectional information communication are realized through electromagnetic coupling. The sealing component on the outer wall of the downhole intelligent instrument 7 separates the oil casing connecting hole 5 vertically to achieve layered sealing.

[0038] The control system is the core component of the control box 10. It indirectly controls the measurement and adjustment system of the downhole intelligent instrument 7 through the power supply and communication cable 9 to ensure the accuracy and safety of downhole operations. The display system can display the received formation data and the working parameters of the working barrel and the downhole intelligent instrument 7. The recording system records all information transmitted between the control system and the first control circuit 14 and saves it in the form of a log.

[0039] In summary, this invention addresses several issues: first, the need to move the tubing string in existing cabled integrated intelligent downhole instruments for oil, gas, and water wells due to malfunctions or disruptions to other operations; second, the inability to achieve multi-level measurement and adjustment due to electrical connection failures in existing cabled split-type intelligent downhole instruments for oil, gas, and water wells; third, the power supply failures and real-time online measurement and adjustment issues in existing cableless integrated instruments for oil, gas, and water wells; and fourth, the limited lifespan, high communication error rate, and inability to upload data in real-time for existing cableless split-type instruments for oil, gas, and water wells. This invention designs the downhole intelligent instrument as a non-contact, split-type device. Specifically, the main body of the downhole intelligent instrument for data acquisition and adjustment and the working cylinder that performs the functions are two independent units. No tubing string movement is required; maintenance and upkeep of the downhole intelligent instrument can be achieved solely through wireline or small-diameter continuous tubing. The non-electrical contact between the working cylinder and the downhole intelligent instrument facilitates construction and reduces operational risks. Simultaneously, multi-level measurement and adjustment can be achieved to meet on-site operational needs. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, achieves innovation in intelligent injection and production technology, and reduces construction risks and operating costs.

[0040] It can be deployed and retrieved at any time. The working barrel and the downhole intelligent instrument 7 are connected by non-contact electrical connection, so the energy transmission and information communication between the working barrel and the downhole intelligent instrument will not be affected by repeated deployment and retrieval.

[0041] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When stratified measurement and adjustment are required, the downhole intelligent instrument 7 is lowered into the well using a steel wire or small-diameter continuous tubing and a drop-and-retrieve connector 12. The second wireless transmission coil 15 is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil 13. The surface control box 10 supplies power and issues control commands to the downhole via a power supply and communication cable 9. AC power is supplied from the surface to the first wireless transmission coil 13 via the power supply and communication cable 9. Through electromagnetic induction, the second wireless transmission coil 15 generates an induced current, powering the downhole intelligent instrument 7. The surface control commands are transmitted to the first control circuit 14 via the power supply and communication cable 9, then coupled to the second wireless coil 15 via the first wireless transmission coil 13, and finally executed by the second control circuit 16. Data such as pressure, temperature, and flow rate collected by the downhole intelligent instrument 7 are transmitted back to the surface via the aforementioned electromagnetic coupling channel.

[0042] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are: 1. This invention utilizes data analysis methods to establish a quantitative method for judging the interference mechanism and degree of horizontal well deployment on the original directional well network, thereby enabling the prediction of the optimal deployment location of horizontal wells and improving oilfield efficiency.

[0043] 2. This invention combines various reservoir engineering methods with data analysis methods, enabling automated and comprehensive judgment of the degree of interference between directional wells and horizontal wells.

[0044] 3. This invention can program research results into software, integrate and modularize reservoir engineering methods in each step, visualize data analysis, and call each functional module through the main interface, making the whole process clear and easy to understand.

[0045] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetically coupled, deployable and retrieval-enabled process system for oil, gas, and water wells, characterized in that: The system includes a tubing string and a downhole intelligent instrument. The tubing string contains multiple working cylinders installed from top to bottom. Each working cylinder contains a first wireless transmission coil and a first control circuit. Each first wireless transmission coil and control circuit is connected to a power supply and communication cable. A drop-and-retrieve connector is fixedly installed at the end of the downhole intelligent instrument. A second wireless transmission coil and a second control circuit are installed below the drop-and-retrieve connector. When layered testing and adjustment are required, the downhole intelligent instrument is lowered to an appropriate position within the working cylinder. The second wireless transmission coil is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil, and energy transmission and bidirectional information communication are achieved through electromagnetic coupling.

2. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieveable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the tubing string is provided with a working cylinder upper connector. One end of the power supply and communication cable passes through the working cylinder upper connector and is sealed and electrically connected to each layer of the working cylinder. The working cylinders of each layer are sealed and electrically connected to each other through the power supply and communication cable using cable sealing connectors. The power supply and communication cable is lowered into the well along with the working cylinder. The other end of the power supply and communication cable is led out to the outside of the wellhead and connected to the control box.

3. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieveable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The downhole intelligent instrument is lowered to the appropriate position inside the working barrel and retrieved via wireline or small-diameter coiled tubing.

4. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieveable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The multi-layer working cylinder comprises three layers, namely, the first working cylinder, the second working cylinder, and the third working cylinder, from bottom to top, with the diameter of the multi-layer working cylinder increasing layer by layer from bottom to top.

5. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieveable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the second working cylinder is 2mm larger than that of the first working cylinder, and the diameter of the third working cylinder is 2mm larger than that of the second working cylinder.

6. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieveable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the working cylinder in each layer is adapted to the diameter of the downhole intelligent instrument in the current layer; the inner diameter structure of the working cylinder is adapted to traditional mechanical water nozzle adjustment tools.

7. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieveable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the working cylinder is provided with a limiting step, and the inner diameter of the limiting step matches the diameter of the downhole intelligent instrument in the current layer.

8. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieval process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower part of the tubing is provided with a lower connector for the working cylinder, and cable protective covers are installed on both the upper connector end face and the lower connector end face of the working cylinder.

9. The electromagnetic coupling type deployable and retrieveable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The control box includes: A control system used to transmit information to a control circuit via a power supply and communication cable; The display system is used to display the received formation data and the working parameters of the working barrel and downhole intelligent instruments; A recording system is used to record all information transmitted between the control system and the control circuit.

10. A method for electromagnetically coupled, deployable and retrieveable technology for oil, gas, and water wells, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coupling-type retrievable process system for oil, gas and water wells according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following steps: S1: Connect the multi-layer working cylinder to the tubing in sequence. The working cylinders of each layer are connected in a sealed electrical connection through a power supply and communication cable. The upper connector of the top working cylinder is connected in a sealed electrical connection to one end of the power supply and communication cable. The power supply and communication cable is lowered into the well along with the working cylinder. The other end of the power supply and communication cable is led out to the outside of the wellhead and connected to the control box. The control box transmits control commands to the downhole through the power supply and communication cable. S2: Deploy the downhole intelligent instrument into the appropriate position inside the working cylinder via the deployment connector; S3: The second wireless transmission coil is aligned with the first wireless transmission coil, and energy transmission and bidirectional information communication are achieved through electromagnetic coupling. The sealing component on the outer wall of the downhole intelligent instrument separates the oil casing connection hole vertically to achieve layered sealing.

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