A tunnel lining repair structure and method based on carbon fiber hollow plates

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering earthquake damage prevention, and particularly discloses a tunnel lining repair structure and method based on carbon fiber hollow plates, which comprises a plurality of sequentially spliced carbon fiber hollow plates, resin anchor rods used for fixing the carbon fiber hollow plates, a composite cement filling layer filled in the gaps between the carbon fiber hollow plates and a lining to be repaired and surface cracks of the lining to be repaired, and a foam concrete filling body filled in the internal cavities of the carbon fiber hollow plates; the shape and the curvature of the carbon fiber hollow plates are matched with the lining to be repaired, so that the carbon fiber hollow plates are closely attached to the surface of the lining to be repaired; one end of the resin anchor rod is connected with the carbon fiber hollow plate, and the other end is anchored in the lining to be repaired and the rear surrounding rock. The structure is closely attached to the surface of the lining through the plurality of carbon fiber hollow plates, and is anchored through the resin anchor rods, so that the fast and stable connection of the repair system and the original structure is realized, the integrity and the bearing capacity of the structure can be effectively recovered, and the long-term durability and the operation safety of the structure are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthquake damage prevention technology in tunnel engineering, and in particular to a tunnel lining repair structure and repair method based on carbon fiber hollow slabs. Background Technology

[0002] As transportation infrastructure continues to expand into areas with complex geological conditions, the safety and long-term stability of tunnels, as a crucial component of transportation networks, are receiving increasing attention. Earthquakes, as highly destructive natural disasters, often cause structural damage to tunnel linings, such as cracks, spalling, and even partial collapses, severely impacting the normal use and operational safety of tunnels. Therefore, rapid repair technology for tunnels after earthquakes has become a critical issue urgently needing to be addressed in the field of tunnel engineering.

[0003] In existing technologies, some solutions have attempted to repair damaged tunnel linings. For example, Chinese patent CN104895581A discloses a rapid repair structure and method for tunnel linings based on carbon fiber woven mesh. This solution uses self-drilling hollow grouting anchors, I-beams, carbon fiber woven mesh, U-hooks, and a composite mortar layer to form a reinforcement system. While this technology achieves some reinforcement of the lining, it still has shortcomings in terms of repair efficiency, construction convenience, and the long-term stability and waterproof performance of the repaired structure. Especially in emergency repair scenarios after earthquakes, how to achieve rapid support, reduce the additional load on the original structure during construction, and ensure good integrity and durability of the repaired area remains a problem that existing technologies have not yet fully solved.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rapid tunnel lining repair solution that takes into account repair speed, ease of construction, structural stability, and waterproofing effect, in order to meet the emergency repair needs after disasters such as earthquakes and ensure the operational safety and service life of tunnel projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a tunnel lining repair structure and method based on carbon fiber hollow slabs. The structure and method are reasonably designed, have good mechanical properties, fast repair speed, and high safety performance.

[0006] As a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs, comprising: a plurality of carbon fiber hollow slabs spliced ​​sequentially, wherein the shape and curvature of the carbon fiber hollow slabs are adapted to the lining to be repaired so as to tightly adhere to the surface of the lining to be repaired; a plurality of resin anchors for fixing the carbon fiber hollow slabs, one end of which is connected to the carbon fiber hollow slabs and the other end is anchored to the lining to be repaired and the surrounding rock behind it; a composite cement filling layer for filling the gap between the carbon fiber hollow slabs and the lining to be repaired and the cracks on the surface of the lining to be repaired; and foamed concrete filler for filling the internal cavity of the carbon fiber hollow slabs.

[0007] Optionally, the carbon fiber hollow slab is a prefabricated plate-shaped component made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0008] Optionally, one or more anchor bolt mounting holes are pre-drilled on the carbon fiber hollow plate for the resin anchor bolts to pass through.

[0009] Optionally, the carbon fiber hollow board may also be provided with one or more foamed concrete filling ports on its sides or ends.

[0010] Optionally, the resin anchor is a full-length bonded anchor, and its rod material is selected from threaded steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic.

[0011] Optionally, the composite cement filling layer uses a polymer-modified cement-based composite material.

[0012] Optionally, the foamed concrete used in the foamed concrete filler has a dry density of 600~1200 kg / m³. 3 .

[0013] Optionally, an adhesive layer is also coated at the contact interface between the carbon fiber hollow slab and the lining to be repaired.

[0014] As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for tunnel lining repair based on carbon fiber hollow slabs. According to the tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs described in the first aspect above, the method includes the following steps: S1. Investigate the damaged area of ​​the lining to be repaired and mark the drilling locations; S2. Drill holes at the marked locations and install resin anchors, so that the resin anchors are anchored to the lining and the surrounding rock behind it. S3. Insert the carbon fiber hollow plate into the end of the installed resin anchor through the anchor installation port on it and fix it so that the carbon fiber hollow plate is in contact with the lining surface to be repaired. S4. Inject composite cement material into the cracks on the surface of the lining to be repaired and into the gaps between the carbon fiber hollow board and the lining to be repaired to form a composite cement filling layer. S5. Foam concrete is injected into the internal cavity through the foam concrete filling port on the carbon fiber hollow plate to form a foam concrete filler.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, before installing the carbon fiber hollow plate, an adhesive is pre-applied to the contact surface between the plate and the lining to be repaired.

[0016] Further, in step S4, the composite cement material is injected using a composite cement injection gun.

[0017] Further, in step S5, the foamed concrete is injected using a foamed concrete injection gun.

[0018] Furthermore, for large-area lining damage, repeat steps S1 to S5 to install multiple carbon fiber hollow panels for repair.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses at least the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs. By using carbon fiber hollow slabs precisely adapted to the curvature of the lining to be repaired, they are tightly bonded to the damaged surface and reliably anchored using resin anchors penetrating the lining and surrounding rock, achieving rapid and stable integration of the repair system with the original structure. This structure effectively seals surface cracks and gaps between the lining and the carbon fiber hollow slabs using a composite cement filling layer, significantly improving the waterproofing and erosion resistance of the repaired area. Simultaneously, by injecting lightweight foamed concrete into the internal cavities of the carbon fiber hollow slabs, the slabs' bending stiffness and overall stability are enhanced, while significantly reducing the additional load on the existing tunnel structure. The overall structural design combines lightweight, high strength, convenient construction, and long-term durability, enabling rapid and reliable repair of tunnel linings after disasters such as earthquakes, effectively restoring and improving the overall load-bearing capacity and operational safety of the tunnel structure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the carbon fiber hollow plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the carbon fiber hollow plate and anchor bolt in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the seam-filling process in the method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the filling of a carbon fiber hollow plate in the method of the present invention; In the image: 1. Lining to be repaired; 2. Carbon fiber hollow board; 3. Foamed concrete filling port; 4. Resin anchor bolt; 5. Gap to be filled; 6. Anchor bolt installation port; 7. Composite cement injection gun; 8. Foamed concrete foaming machine; 9. Foamed concrete injection gun. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow panels, used for rapid and stable repair of tunnel linings damaged after disasters such as earthquakes. The repair structure includes several carbon fiber hollow panels 2 and resin anchors 4, and is used in conjunction with composite cement materials and foamed concrete. The carbon fiber hollow panels 2 are anchored to the lining 1 to be repaired and the surrounding rock behind it by the resin anchors 4. The gaps formed between the carbon fiber hollow panels 2 and the lining 1 to be repaired are filled with composite cement materials, and the internal cavities of the carbon fiber hollow panels 2 are filled densely with foamed concrete, thus forming a strong, stable, and waterproof reinforcement system.

[0025] In one specific embodiment, the carbon fiber hollow slab 2 is a prefabricated plate-shaped component whose shape is adapted to the curvature of the tunnel arch or waist, so as to fit tightly onto the surface of the lining 1 to be repaired. The carbon fiber hollow slab 2 is made of carbon fiber composite material, possessing excellent properties such as light weight, high strength, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance, facilitating rapid transportation and installation after an earthquake. One or more anchor bolt installation ports 6 are pre-drilled on the carbon fiber hollow slab 2 for passing through resin anchor bolts 4. In addition, one or more foam concrete filling ports 3 are provided on the sides or ends of the carbon fiber hollow slab 2 for injecting foam concrete into the cavity inside the slab.

[0026] Based on the above embodiments, the resin anchor 4 is further described as a full-length bonded anchor, the rod body of which can be made of materials such as threaded steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic. During installation, a package containing resin anchoring agent is inserted into the bottom of a pre-drilled hole in the lining 1 to be repaired and the surrounding rock. The resin anchor 4 is then inserted and rotated to puncture the package and mix the resin. This resin typically cures to over 90% strength within approximately 15 minutes, thus achieving rapid support. The tail of the resin anchor 4 passes through the anchor mounting port 6 on the carbon fiber hollow plate 2 and is reliably connected to the carbon fiber hollow plate 2 via a nut or welding, firmly pressing the carbon fiber hollow plate 2 onto the lining 1 to be repaired.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the composite cement material is a polymer-modified cement-based composite material, which is made by mixing ordinary silicate cement, fine aggregate, polymer emulsion (such as acrylate emulsion, styrene-butadiene emulsion, etc.) and admixtures (such as water-reducing agents and expanding agents) in a certain proportion. After polymer modification, the flexibility, adhesion and impermeability of the composite cement material are significantly improved. During construction, the mixed composite cement material is loaded into the composite cement injection gun 7 and injected manually into the cracks, spalling areas (i.e., gaps 5 to be filled) on the surface of the lining 1 to be repaired, as well as the gaps between the carbon fiber hollow board 2 and the lining 1 to be repaired. This material can penetrate and fill various gaps well, and its hydration products can effectively block pores, playing a dual role of structural reinforcement and preventing groundwater seepage.

[0028] Based on the above embodiments, the foamed concrete is further described as lightweight concrete prepared by a foamed concrete foaming machine 8, with a dry density controllable between 600 and 1200 kg / m³. 3 The strength of the foamed concrete is significantly lower than that of ordinary concrete. During construction, uniformly foamed concrete slurry is injected into the internal cavity of the carbon fiber hollow slab 2 through the foamed concrete injection gun 9 and the foamed concrete filling port 3 until it is completely filled and compacted. The injection of foamed concrete provides uniform internal support for the carbon fiber hollow slab 2, greatly enhancing the overall stiffness and bending resistance of the slab. On the other hand, its lightweight properties effectively reduce the additional load of the reinforcement system on the original tunnel structure, which is beneficial to the overall stability of the structure after an earthquake. At the same time, the good fluidity and self-compacting properties of foamed concrete ensure the convenience of construction and the quality of filling.

[0029] The tunnel lining repair structure of this invention has the following advantages: On the one hand, the resin anchor bolts 4 reinforce the surrounding rock of the tunnel, improving its integrity and stability; on the other hand, the polymer-modified cement-based composite material effectively fills various gaps, preventing structural corrosion and reduced service life caused by groundwater infiltration. The carbon fiber hollow slab 2 can be prefabricated before an earthquake and quickly put into use afterward. Its lightweight and high-strength characteristics make construction and transportation convenient and highly efficient. After curing, the resin in the resin anchor bolts 4 can fully penetrate into the microscopic gaps in the surrounding rock, lining, and hollow slab, significantly enhancing the stability and integrity of the entire tunnel repair structure. In summary, this embodiment significantly improves the self-strength and self-stabilizing ability of the tunnel surrounding rock, reduces its permeability, decreases the external water pressure on the lining, effectively improves the mechanical properties and overall stability of the tunnel lining structure, helps avoid shear peeling damage on the lining surface, and enhances its antifreeze and fireproof performance, ultimately significantly improving the safety and durability of the tunnel during operation.

[0030] This invention also provides a method for repairing tunnel lining based on carbon fiber hollow slabs. According to the tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs described in the above embodiments, the method includes the following steps: S1. Conduct a detailed survey of the area to be repaired lining 1, determine the extent of damage, and mark the drilling positions on the lining surface corresponding to the anchor bolt installation openings 6 on the carbon fiber hollow plate 2.

[0031] S2. Use drilling equipment to drill holes at the marked locations. The drilling depth must ensure that the resin anchor rod 4 can penetrate into the stable surrounding rock layer behind. After cleaning the hole, place the resin anchoring agent package at the bottom of the hole, insert the resin anchor rod 4, and rotate and push it to the designed depth so that the resin fills the gap between the anchor rod and the hole wall, and wait for it to cure and anchor.

[0032] S3. Align the prefabricated carbon fiber hollow plate 2 with the anchor bolt installation port 6 on it and insert it into the end of the installed resin anchor bolt 4. Use tools to tightly adhere the carbon fiber hollow plate 2 to the lining surface. A layer of adhesive can be applied between the carbon fiber hollow plate 2 and the lining to enhance the interface bonding effect. Then tighten the connector at the end of the anchor bolt to firmly fix the carbon fiber hollow plate 2.

[0033] S4. Perform gap repair and waterproofing treatment; using a composite cement injection gun 7, inject the prepared composite cement material into the gaps 5 to be repaired on the surface of the lining 1 to be repaired and into all the gaps between the carbon fiber hollow board 2 and the lining 1 to be repaired, ensuring full filling.

[0034] S5. Perform internal reinforcement filling; start the foam concrete foaming machine 8 to prepare foam concrete slurry, and inject the foam concrete into the internal cavity of the carbon fiber hollow board 2 through the foam concrete injection gun 9 and the foam concrete filling port 3 until the filling is confirmed to be dense from the vent hole or observation port; after the foam concrete has cured, the repair work is completed.

[0035] It should be understood that in practical applications, for large-area lining damage, the above steps can be repeated to arrange and install multiple carbon fiber hollow panels 2 in an orderly manner; for localized small-area damage, a single panel can meet the repair needs.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0037] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs, characterized in that, include: A number of carbon fiber hollow panels (2) are spliced ​​together in sequence. The shape and curvature of the carbon fiber hollow panels (2) are adapted to the lining (1) to be repaired so as to fit tightly against the surface of the lining (1) to be repaired. Several resin anchor rods (4) are used to fix the carbon fiber hollow plate (2), one end of which is connected to the carbon fiber hollow plate (2), and the other end is anchored to the lining (1) to be repaired and the surrounding rock behind it. A composite cement filling layer is used to fill the gap between the carbon fiber hollow slab (2) and the lining (1) to be repaired, as well as the cracks on the surface of the lining (1) to be repaired. Foamed concrete filler is used to fill the internal cavity of the carbon fiber hollow board (2).

2. The tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon fiber hollow plate (2) is a prefabricated plate-shaped component made of carbon fiber composite material.

3. The tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to claim 2, characterized in that, One or more anchor bolt installation ports (6) are pre-drilled on the carbon fiber hollow plate (2) for the resin anchor bolts (4) to pass through.

4. The tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The carbon fiber hollow board (2) is also provided with one or more foam concrete filling ports (3) on its side or end.

5. The tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resin anchor (4) is a full-length bonded anchor, and its rod material is selected from threaded steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic.

6. The tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite cement filling layer uses a polymer-modified cement-based composite material.

7. The tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The foamed concrete filler used has a dry density of 600~1200 kg / m³. 3 .

8. The tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, An adhesive layer is also coated at the contact interface between the carbon fiber hollow plate (2) and the lining (1) to be repaired.

9. A method for repairing tunnel lining based on carbon fiber hollow slabs, comprising the tunnel lining repair structure based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Investigate the damaged area of ​​the lining (1) to be repaired and mark the drilling location; S2. Drill holes at the marked positions and install resin anchors (4) so ​​that the resin anchors (4) are anchored to the lining and the surrounding rock behind it. S3. Insert the carbon fiber hollow plate (2) into the tail of the installed resin anchor (4) through the anchor installation port (6) on it and fix it so that the carbon fiber hollow plate (2) fits against the surface of the lining (1) to be repaired. S4. Inject composite cement material into the cracks on the surface of the lining to be repaired (1) and into the gap between the carbon fiber hollow board (2) and the lining to be repaired (1) to form a composite cement filling layer. S5. Foam concrete is injected into the internal cavity through the foam concrete filling port (3) on the carbon fiber hollow plate (2) to form a foam concrete filler.

10. The tunnel lining repair method based on carbon fiber hollow slabs according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S3, before installing the carbon fiber hollow plate (2), an adhesive is pre-applied to the contact surface between the plate and the lining (1) to be repaired.

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