Anchor net and shotcrete combined device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of anchor net supporting technology, in particular to an anchor net and grouting combined device, which comprises a mobile base, a bearing seat is fixedly installed at the top of the mobile base, and support side plates are fixedly installed at the top of the bearing seat. The sectional grouting is realized through the cooperation of the grouting mechanisms, the overall grouting is more uniform and comprehensive during use, the grouting structures are coordinated with each other, the gaps between the anchor net and the formwork can be uniformly filled, the grouting material in the gaps is ensured to be free of vacancy, the grouting material can fully cover the surface of the anchor net, the situation that local grouting is insufficient is avoided, the sectional grouting mode can make the grouting material in each region more fully filled, the gaps between the anchor net and the grouting material are ensured to be free of gaps, the completeness of the grouting is further improved, the grouting effect is more in line with the use requirement, and the cooperation of the grouting structures can effectively fill various gaps between the anchor net and the formwork, so that the comprehensiveness and uniformity of the grouting are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of anchor mesh support technology, and in particular to an anchor mesh shotcrete combined device. Background Technology

[0002] In underground engineering fields such as mining and tunnel excavation, roadway support is a core technology for ensuring construction safety and maintaining roadway stability. Among them, the "anchor-mesh-shotcrete combined" support technology is widely used in the support operations of various roadways due to its advantages such as high support strength, strong adaptability, and convenient construction. The anchor-mesh-shotcrete combined support is a composite support method that organically combines anchor bolts, anchor mesh, and shotcrete support. Its core principle is to fix the anchor mesh to the surrounding rock of the roadway by anchor bolts, using the restraining effect of the anchor mesh to prevent the surrounding rock from loosening and falling. Then, concrete slurry is sprayed onto the roadway wall and the surface of the anchor mesh through shotcrete equipment, so that the slurry is tightly bonded to the anchor mesh and the surrounding rock to form a dense and solid composite support layer. This effectively resists the pressure of the surrounding rock, ensures the long-term stability of the roadway, reduces the risk of roadway collapse and other safety accidents, and provides a safe and reliable working environment for underground engineering construction.

[0003] With the increasing depth of underground engineering mining and the increasingly complex geological conditions of tunnels, higher requirements are placed on the construction quality and efficiency of anchor mesh shotcrete combined support. Among them, the shotcrete device is a key piece of equipment in anchor mesh shotcrete combined support, and its performance directly affects the uniformity of shotcrete, the bonding effect between the grout and the anchor mesh and surrounding rock, and thus determines the strength and stability of the entire support layer. At present, existing shotcrete equipment still has many technical defects in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-quality support.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN117365552A discloses a shotcrete device for roadway support. This patent aims to solve the technical problems of existing shotcrete equipment, such as large recoil at the nozzle, difficulty in manually controlling the uniformity of shotcrete, and limited anchor mesh fixing points that easily cause anchor mesh to sag, resulting in poor bonding between the anchor mesh and the grout after grouting, which affects the strength of the anchor-shotcrete support layer. The technical implementation scheme is as follows: The shotcrete device for roadway support includes components such as a frame and a sliding plate. The sliding plate is installed on the frame. The sliding plate pushes the support rod upward, which in turn causes the mold to drive the pulley to move upward. The pulley squeezes the anchor mesh, making the anchor mesh stick tightly to the roadway wall and ensuring the grouting effect. At the same time, the fixed rod drives the support rod to rotate, which in turn drives the mold to rotate. The mold is rotated to fit tightly against the roadway wall before grouting is performed, so that the nozzle injects grout downward and prevents grout leakage when the nozzle sprays grout.

[0005] The aforementioned patent still has significant technical defects in practical application. Specifically, the shotcrete device mainly relies on the supporting and pressing template to support and compress the anchor mesh during the shotcrete process. However, the device uses a bottom-up shotcrete method, and the supporting and pressing template is arc-shaped, resulting in a large volume of the template. During shotcrete operations, the grout needs to be injected slowly from bottom to top, which places high demands on the grouting pressure, making it difficult for the grout to reach the top. At the same time, the template cannot be completely fitted with the anchor mesh during grouting, and gaps are inevitable. If there are gaps between the supporting and pressing template and the anchor mesh, the grout injected slowly from bottom to top is easily squeezed out from both sides of the gap, making it impossible to stably deliver to the supporting and pressing template at the end away from the grouting head. This results in incomplete grout coverage, severely affecting the bonding effect between the anchor mesh and the grout, ultimately reducing the overall strength of the shotcrete support layer and making it difficult to achieve reliable roadway support. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the design of the shotcrete device to solve the above-mentioned application defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To improve the adhesion stability of shotcrete and anchor mesh during the application of existing technologies, this application provides a combined device for shotcrete and anchor mesh.

[0007] The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: it includes a movable base, a bearing seat is fixedly installed on the top of the movable base, and supporting side plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the bearing seat. An outer ring rail is fixedly installed on the outer side of the supporting side plate, and a plurality of shotcrete support mechanisms are movably installed at equal intervals on the inner side of the outer ring rail. A pumping mechanism is fixedly installed on the inner side of the movable base, and a shotcrete mechanism is movably installed between the inner sides of the supporting side plates. The input end of the shotcrete mechanism and the output end of the pumping mechanism are connected.

[0008] The shotcrete support mechanism includes several movable modules, which move inside the outer ring rail. A first electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of each movable module. An installation plate is fixedly installed on the output end of the first electric cylinder. A support and pressing template is fixedly installed on the outside of the installation plate.

[0009] The shotcrete mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a third motor. The third motor is fixedly installed on the outer middle of a support side plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the inner sides of two support side plates. The output end of the third motor is connected to one end of the rotating shaft via a coupling. A mounting base is fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft. A second electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the outer side of the mounting base. A shotcrete module is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder. The input end of the shotcrete module is connected to the output end of the pumping mechanism.

[0010] Optionally, the moving module includes an arc-shaped slider and a toothed ring. Several arc-shaped sliders are provided, and the several arc-shaped sliders are slidably connected to the inside of the outer ring rail. A first motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the arc-shaped slider, and a gear is fixedly installed on the output end of the first motor. The toothed ring is fixedly installed on the inside of the outer ring rail, and the toothed ring and the gear are meshed together. The first electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the arc-shaped slider.

[0011] Optionally, the moving module further includes several arc-shaped support blocks, which are slidably connected to the inner side of the outer annular rail on the side away from the arc-shaped slider on the two support side plates. Support sleeves are fixedly installed on the outer side of the arc-shaped support blocks, and support slide rods are slidably connected inside the support sleeves. The outer end of the support slide rods is connected to the side of the support pressing template away from the first electric cylinder.

[0012] Optionally, the shotcrete module includes a guide rail, which is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder. A lead screw is rotatably connected inside the guide rail. A second motor is fixedly installed at one end of the guide rail. The output end of the second motor is connected to one end of the lead screw via a coupling. A movable block is slidably connected inside the guide rail. The movable block is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw via a nut. A shotcrete assembly is fixedly installed on the outer side of the movable block.

[0013] Optionally, the shotcrete assembly includes an external frame, which is fixedly installed on the outside of the movable block. A shotcrete nozzle is fixedly installed on the outside of the external frame. A shotcrete delivery hose is fixedly installed at the input end of the shotcrete nozzle. The input end of the shotcrete delivery hose is connected to the output end of the pumping mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, a support sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the second electric cylinder, and the shotcrete delivery hose slides inside the support sleeve.

[0015] Optionally, an inner ring rail is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support side plate, an inner support block is slidably connected inside the inner ring rail, an inner support plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the inner support block, and the inner side of the inner support plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the second electric cylinder.

[0016] Optionally, the pumping mechanism includes a pumping pipe, which is fixedly installed on the inner side of the movable base. A fourth motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the pumping pipe. A pumping auger is rotatably connected inside the pumping pipe. The output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pumping auger via a coupling. The output end of the pumping pipe is connected to the input end of the shotcrete conveying hose. A slurry supply pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the pumping pipe. A slurry addition hopper is fixedly installed at the input end of the slurry supply pipe.

[0017] Optionally, the mobile base includes a support frame, the support side plates are fixedly connected to the top two sides of the support frame, the pumping pipe is fixedly installed in the middle of the support frame, and caster frames are rotatably connected to the four corners of the bottom of the support frame, with universal wheels rotatably connected inside the caster frames.

[0018] Optionally, the outer end of the caster frame is threaded with a grounding anti-slip screw, the bottom of the grounding anti-slip screw is in contact with the ground, the grounding anti-slip screw is configured as a screw with a knob, a bridge-type handrail is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support base, and an anti-slip handrail is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bridge-type handrail.

[0019] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] 1. During the application of this technical solution, segmented grouting is achieved through the cooperation of various grouting mechanisms, resulting in more uniform and comprehensive grouting during use. The various grouting structures work together to uniformly fill the gaps between the anchor mesh and the template, ensuring that there are no gaps in the grout and that the grout can fully cover the surface of the anchor mesh, avoiding localized insufficient grouting. At the same time, the segmented grouting method allows for more thorough filling of the grout in each area, ensuring that there are no gaps between the anchor mesh and the grout, further improving the integrity of the grouting and making the grouting effect more in line with the usage requirements. The cooperation of various grouting structures can effectively fill various gaps between the anchor mesh and the template, ensuring the comprehensiveness and uniformity of the grouting.

[0021] 2. During the application of this technical solution, multiple shotcrete support mechanisms are set up, allowing each structure to be used alternately. This enables continuous grouting operations in different areas without waiting for the grout in a single area to solidify before proceeding to the next area. The overall grouting efficiency is high. At the same time, the segmented design itself allows for more uniform grouting and avoids local grout accumulation. Combined with the lateral displacement setting during grouting, the grout can be better filled into each part, ensuring a denser grout filling. The continuous grouting operation can significantly shorten the overall operation time. The combination of lateral displacement and segmented design further improves the grout filling effect and makes the grouting quality more stable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a bottom-view structural diagram of an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled state structure of the pumping mechanism in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shotcrete support mechanism in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shotcrete mechanism structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point A.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. Movable base; 11. Support frame; 12. Caster frame; 13. Caster wheel; 14. Grounding anti-slip screw; 15. Bridge-type handrail; 16. Anti-slip handrail glove; 2. Bearing seat; 3. Support side plate; 4. Outer ring rail; 5. Shotcrete support mechanism; 51. Movable module; 511. Arc-shaped slider; 512. Gear ring; 513. First motor; 514. Gear; 515. Arc-shaped support block; 52. First electric cylinder; 53. Mounting plate; 54. Support pressing template; 55. Support sleeve; 56. Support slide bar; 6. Pumping mechanism; 61. Pumping pipe; 62. Fourth motor; 63. Pumping auger; 64. Slurry supply pipe; 65. Slurry addition hopper; 7. Shotcrete mechanism; 71. Rotating shaft; 72. Third motor; 73. Mounting round seat; 74. Second electric cylinder; 75. Shotcrete module; 751. Guide rail; 752. Lead screw; 753. Second motor; 754. Movable block; 76. Shotcrete assembly; 761. External frame; 762. Shotcrete nozzle; 763. Shotcrete delivery hose; 764. Support sleeve; 765. Inner annular rail; 766. Inner support block; 767. Inner support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0032] This application discloses a combined anchor mesh and shotcrete device. For example... Figures 1-8 As shown, it includes a movable base 1, a bearing seat 2 fixedly installed on the top of the movable base 1, support side plates 3 fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the bearing seat 2, an outer ring rail 4 fixedly installed on the outer side of the support side plate 3, several shotcrete support mechanisms 5 movably installed at equal intervals on the inner side of the outer ring rail 4, a pumping mechanism 6 fixedly installed on the inner side of the movable base 1, and a shotcrete mechanism 7 movably installed between the inner sides of the support side plates 3. The input end of the shotcrete mechanism 7 is connected to the output end of the pumping mechanism 6.

[0033] The shotcrete support mechanism 5 includes several movable modules 51, which move inside the outer ring rail 4. A first electric cylinder 52 is fixedly installed on the outside of the movable module 51. An installation plate 53 is fixedly installed on the output end of the first electric cylinder 52. A support pressing template 54 is fixedly installed on the outside of the installation plate 53.

[0034] The shotcrete mechanism 7 includes a rotating shaft 71 and a third motor 72. The third motor 72 is fixedly installed on the outer middle of a support side plate 3. The rotating shaft 71 is rotatably connected between the inner sides of two support side plates 3. The output end of the third motor 72 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 71 via a coupling. A mounting base 73 is fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft 71. A second electric cylinder 74 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the mounting base 73. A shotcrete module 75 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder 74. The input end of the shotcrete module 75 is connected to the output end of the pumping mechanism 6. Through the coordinated operation of the movable base 1, the bearing seat 2, the support side plate 3, the outer ring rail 4, the shotcrete support mechanism 5, the pumping mechanism 6, and the shotcrete mechanism 7, the device can be moved to a designated position first, and then the movable module 51 of the shotcrete support mechanism 5 is activated, allowing the movable module 51 to move along the outer ring rail 4 to the position to be shotcreted, thus activating the first... Electric cylinder 52 pushes the mounting plate 53 to move the supporting and pressing template 54 towards the anchor mesh to a suitable position. Then, the third motor 72 is started, which drives the rotating shaft 71 to rotate through the coupling. The rotating shaft 71 drives the mounting round seat 73 and the second electric cylinder 74 to rotate. The second electric cylinder 74 is started to push the shotcrete module 75 to the area to be shotcreted. At the same time, the pumping mechanism 6 is started to transport the slurry to the shotcrete module 75, which completes the shotcrete operation. After the shotcrete is completed, the first electric cylinder 52 can push the supporting and pressing template 54 to squeeze the anchor mesh and slurry. Multiple shotcrete support mechanisms 5 can move and work alternately on the outer ring rail 4 through the moving module 51. The cooperation of each mechanism can achieve stable shotcrete, without the need for manual operation of the shotcrete module 75. This can prevent the anchor mesh from sagging, ensure the bonding effect between the slurry and the anchor mesh, and achieve continuous delivery and precise shotcrete, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the shotcrete operation and reducing the difficulty of the operation.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1-5The pumping mechanism 6 includes a pumping pipe 61, which is fixedly installed inside the movable base 1. A fourth motor 62 is fixedly installed on the outside of the pumping pipe 61. A pumping auger 63 is rotatably connected inside the pumping pipe 61. The output end of the fourth motor 62 is fixedly connected to the outside of the pumping auger 63 via a coupling. The output end of the pumping pipe 61 is connected to the input end of the shotcrete conveying hose 763. A slurry supply pipe 64 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the pumping pipe 61. A slurry addition hopper 65 is fixedly installed at the input end of the slurry supply pipe 64. The movable base 1 includes a support frame 11 and a support side plate 3. Connected to the top two sides of the support base 11, the pumping pipe 61 is fixedly installed in the middle of the support base 11. Caster frames 12 are rotatably connected to the four corners of the bottom of the support base 11. Universal wheels 13 are rotatably connected inside the caster frames 12. Grounding anti-slip screws 14 are threadedly connected to the outer ends of the caster frames 12. The bottom of the grounding anti-slip screws 14 is in contact with the ground. The grounding anti-slip screws 14 are screws with knobs. A bridge-type handrail 15 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support base 11. Anti-slip handrail gloves 16 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the bridge-type handrail 15. This is achieved by setting up the pumping mechanism 6, the movable base 1, and... The coordinated operation of related components allows the support frame 11 to be pushed via the bridge-type handrail 15 during use. The casters 13 within the caster frame 12 then move the entire device. Once moved to the designated position, the grounding anti-slip screw 14 with a knob is rotated to bring its bottom into contact with the ground, thus fixing the device and preventing displacement during operation. Operators can use anti-slip gloves 16 to firmly grip the bridge-type handrail 15 for easy movement and fixing. Subsequently, slurry is added to the slurry supply pipe 64 via the slurry addition hopper 65. The slurry then enters the pumping pipe 61 through the slurry supply pipe 64. The fourth motor 62 drives the pumping auger 63 to rotate inside the pumping pipe 61 via a coupling. When the pumping auger 63 rotates, it pushes the slurry in the pumping pipe 61 to the shotcrete delivery hose 763, providing a continuous supply of slurry for the shotcrete operation. The pumping pipe 61 is fixed in the middle of the support frame 11 to ensure the stability of the slurry delivery process. The casters 13 make the device move flexibly, and the grounding anti-slip screw 14 enhances the stability of the device after it is fixed. The slurry addition hopper 65 and the slurry supply pipe 64 facilitate the addition and delivery of slurry. The fourth motor 62 and the pumping auger 63 work together to achieve stable slurry delivery and ensure the smooth progress of the shotcrete operation.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 4-7The shotcrete module 75 includes a guide rail 751, which is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder 74. A lead screw 752 is rotatably connected inside the guide rail 751. A second motor 753 is fixedly installed at one end of the guide rail 751. The output end of the second motor 753 is connected to one end of the lead screw 752 via a coupling. A movable block 754 is slidably connected inside the guide rail 751. The movable block 754 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw 752 via a nut. A shotcrete assembly 76 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the movable block 754. The shotcrete assembly 76 includes an outer frame 761, which is fixedly installed on the outer side of the movable block 754. A shotcrete nozzle 762 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the outer frame 761. The input end of the shotcrete nozzle 762 is fixedly installed... The system is equipped with a shotcrete delivery hose 763, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the pumping mechanism 6. A support sleeve 764 is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the second electric cylinder 74. The shotcrete delivery hose 763 slides inside the support sleeve 764. An inner annular rail 765 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support side plate 3. An inner support block 766 is slidably connected inside the inner annular rail 765. An inner support plate 767 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the inner support block 766. The inner side of the inner support plate 767 is fixedly connected to both sides of the second electric cylinder 74. The system is constructed by setting a guide rail 751, a lead screw 752, a second motor 753, a movable block 754, a shotcrete assembly 76, a shotcrete delivery hose 763, a support sleeve 764, an inner annular rail 765, and an inner support plate 767. The coordinated operation of the fixed block 766 and the inner support plate 767 allows the second motor 753 to be started during use. This motor drives the lead screw 752 to rotate via a coupling. When the lead screw 752 rotates, it causes the movable block 754 to slide within the guide rail 751. The movement of the movable block 754 causes the shotcrete assembly 76 to move synchronously. The outer frame 761 of the shotcrete assembly 76 drives the shotcrete nozzle 762 to move. The slurry delivered by the pumping mechanism 6 is transported to the shotcrete nozzle 762 through the shotcrete delivery hose 763. The shotcrete nozzle 762 then completes the shotcrete operation. The shotcrete delivery hose 763 slides within the support sleeve 764, which limits the movement of the shotcrete delivery hose 763, preventing it from becoming tangled or bent. The inner support block 766... The inner ring rail 765 slides within the inner ring rail 765, and together with the inner support plate 767, it supports the second electric cylinder 74, preventing the second electric cylinder 74 from shaking during operation, thereby driving the shotcrete module 75 to maintain stable operation. The movable block 754 drives the shotcrete assembly 76 to move, which can realize the position adjustment of the shotcrete nozzle 762, ensuring that the shotcrete nozzle 762 can fully cover the area to be shotcreted. The shotcrete delivery hose 763 smoothly delivers the slurry, which can ensure the continuity of the shotcrete operation. The cooperation of the inner support plate 767, the inner support block 766, and the inner ring rail 765 can enhance the stability of the shotcrete module 75 operation and ensure the smooth progress of the shotcrete operation. During application, a bellows cover can be installed on the outside of the guide rail 751 and the lead screw 752 to help protect against dust and falling slurry.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1-6 and Figure 8 The moving module 51 includes arc-shaped sliders 511 and gear rings 512. Several arc-shaped sliders 511 are slidably connected to the inside of the outer annular rail 4. A first motor 513 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the arc-shaped sliders 511, and a gear 514 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first motor 513. The gear ring 512 is fixedly mounted on the inside of the outer annular rail 4, and the gear ring 512 and gear 514 are meshed together. A first electric cylinder 52 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the arc-shaped sliders 511. The moving module 51 also includes several arc-shaped support blocks. 515, several arc-shaped support blocks 515 are slidably connected to the inner side of the outer annular rail 4 on the side away from the arc-shaped slider 511 on the two supporting side plates 3. A support sleeve 55 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the arc-shaped support block 515. A support slide rod 56 is slidably connected inside the support sleeve 55. The outer end of the support slide rod 56 is connected to the side of the support pressing template 54 away from the first electric cylinder 52. By setting up the arc-shaped slider 511, toothed ring 512, first motor 513, gear 514, arc-shaped support block 515, support sleeve 55 and support slide rod 56, The coordinated operation allows the first motor 513 to be started during use, driving the gear 514 to rotate. The gear 514 meshes with the gear ring 512, which in turn drives the arc-shaped slider 511 to slide within the outer annular rail 4. As the arc-shaped slider 511 moves, it drives the first electric cylinder 52 to move synchronously. At the same time, the arc-shaped support block 515 slides synchronously with the arc-shaped slider 511 within the outer annular rail 4. The support slide rod 56 can slide correspondingly within the support sleeve 55, working in conjunction with the support pressing template 54 to maintain stability and prevent the support pressing template 54 from shifting during movement. The system can drive the support and pressing template 54 to move smoothly to the designated position to meet the shotcrete support requirements. The support sleeve 55 and the support slide rod 56 cooperate with each other to provide auxiliary support for the support and pressing template 54 and enhance the stability of the support and pressing template 54. The cooperation of the first motor 513, gear 514 and gear ring 512 can realize the smooth movement of the arc-shaped slider 511, thereby driving the entire moving module 51 and related components to operate stably, ensuring that the support and pressing template 54 can accurately reach the required position and ensuring the smooth progress of the shotcrete support operation.

[0038] The implementation principle of the anchor mesh shotcrete combined device in this application embodiment is as follows: When using this device, first move the entire device to the position in the roadway where shotcrete support is required. If the device is large, a motor can be added to the bottom. The universal wheel 13 is driven by the motor to rotate and move the device. During actual use, the movement method can be flexibly selected according to the site requirements. The operator can operate the device with the help of the bridge-type handrail 15 and the anti-slip handrail 16. After the device is moved to the designated position, if it is necessary to fix the device, the grounding anti-slip screw 14 can be rotated until the bottom of the grounding anti-slip screw 14 is tightly attached to the ground to complete the fixation of the device and prevent the device from shifting during the shotcrete operation.

[0039] After the device is fixed, slurry is added into the pumping pipe 61 through the slurry addition hopper 65 and the slurry supply pipe 64, so that the slurry can be continuously replenished into the pumping pipe 61. After the slurry is added, the first motor 513 is started. The first motor 513 drives the gear 514 to rotate. The gear 514 meshes with the gear ring 512, which in turn drives the arc-shaped slider 511 to slide in the outer ring rail 4, so that the shotcrete support mechanism 5 moves to the required shotcrete position. After the shotcrete position is adjusted, the first electric cylinder 52 is started. The first electric cylinder 52 pushes the mounting plate 53 and the support pressing template 54 to move towards the anchor net until a preset gap is left between the support pressing template 54 and the anchor net. During the movement of the support pressing template 54, the support slide rod 56 slides in the support sleeve 55 to cooperate with the support pressing template 54 to maintain stability and prevent the support pressing template 54 from shifting.

[0040] After the position of the support and pressing template 54 is adjusted, the second electric cylinder 74 and the third motor 72 are started simultaneously. The third motor 72 drives the rotating shaft 71 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 71 drives the mounting base 73 and the second electric cylinder 74 to rotate synchronously. The second electric cylinder 74 pushes the shotcrete module 75 to move into the gap between the support and pressing template 54 and the anchor mesh until the shotcrete nozzle 762 moves into the gap and is aligned with the shotcrete area. During the rotation and extension of the second electric cylinder 74, the inner support block 766 slides in the inner annular rail 765, and the inner support plate 767 supports and fixes the second electric cylinder 74 to prevent the shotcrete module 75 from shaking. After the position of the shotcrete nozzle 762 is adjusted, the fourth motor 62 is started. The fourth motor 62 drives the pumping auger 63 to rotate, and the pumping auger 63 pushes the slurry in the pumping pipe 61 to the shotcrete conveying soft... The grout is delivered to the grout nozzle 762 via the grout delivery hose 763, and then sprayed into the gap between the supporting and pressing template 54 and the anchor mesh by the grout nozzle 762. The supporting sleeve 764 supports and limits the grout delivery hose 763 to prevent it from getting tangled or bent, ensuring smooth grout delivery. After the grout starts spraying, the second motor 753 is started. The second motor 753 drives the lead screw 752 to rotate. The lead screw 752 drives the movable block 754 to slide in the guide rail 751. The movable block 754 drives the outer frame 761 and the grout nozzle 762 to move laterally. By controlling the second motor 753 to run alternately in the forward and reverse directions, the grout nozzle 762 can be driven to move laterally back and forth in the gap, so that the grout is evenly filled into the entire gap, avoiding local grout accumulation or gaps.

[0041] After the shotcreting in the area is completed, the first electric cylinder 52 is activated again. The first electric cylinder 52 continues to push the mounting plate 53 and the support pressing template 54 towards the anchor mesh, so that the grout adheres tightly to the anchor mesh under pressure. Since the shotcreting support mechanism 5 is set in several groups, and the shotcreting mechanism 7 can move between the shotcreting support mechanisms 5 by extending and retracting the second electric cylinder 74 and rotating the shaft 71 driven by the third motor 72, when the first group of shotcreting support mechanisms 5 has completed shotcreting and is in the pressing and supporting state, the second electric cylinder 74 is activated to retract, driving the shotcreting module 75 out of the gap. Then the first motor 513 of the shotcreting support mechanism 5 is activated to move it to the next position to be shotcreted. At the same time, the first motor 513 of another group of shotcreting support mechanisms 5 is activated to move it to the vicinity of the original position where shotcreting was completed. The above shotcreting and pressing process is repeated to carry out segmented shotcreting operations on the anchor mesh area in the roadway until the entire roadway anchor mesh shotcreting support is completed. This device effectively solves various defects of existing shotcrete devices through the coordinated operation of its various structures. The universal wheel 13 and the grounding anti-slip screw 14 work together to allow the device to move flexibly and be fixed firmly, adapting to the shotcrete needs of different locations in the tunnel, making it more convenient for operators to operate. The first motor 513, gear 514 and gear ring 512 work together to drive the shotcrete support mechanism 5 to move flexibly. The interaction between the support sleeve 55 and the support slide bar 56 can keep the support pressing template 54 stable and prevent its deviation. The second electric cylinder 74, the third motor 72, and the rotating shaft 71 work together to flexibly adjust the position and angle of the shotcrete nozzle 762, eliminating the need for manual operation. The shotcrete nozzle 762 can move back and forth laterally, allowing for uniform spraying of the slurry and improving the shotcrete quality. The inner annular rail 765, the inner support block 766, and the inner support plate 767 work together to ensure stable operation of the shotcrete mechanism 7. The support sleeve 764 supports and limits the shotcrete delivery hose 763, preventing the hose from tangling or bending. The device features a folding mechanism to ensure smooth grout delivery. The fourth motor 62 works in conjunction with the pumping auger 63 to achieve stable and continuous grout delivery, thus improving shotcreting efficiency. This device divides the original monolithic template into several supporting and pressing templates 54, employing segmented shotcreting operations. This reduces the template volume and the pressure required for grouting, preventing grout from being squeezed out of the template gaps and ensuring all areas to be shotcreted are covered. Several sets of shotcreting support mechanisms 5 can operate alternately, allowing for work on the next area without waiting for the grout in a single area to solidify, further improving shotcreting efficiency. Simultaneously, the several sets of supporting and pressing templates 54 can perform multi-point segmented pressing and fixing of the anchor mesh, preventing it from sagging and allowing for better bonding between the anchor mesh and the grout, thereby increasing the strength of the anchor-shotcrete support layer. All structures are flexibly adjustable to adapt to roadways of different sizes and shapes, expanding the device's applicability. The coordinated operation of all structures enables integrated shotcreting, support, and pressing operations, simplifying the operation process, reducing the labor intensity of operators, and effectively guaranteeing the quality of shotcreting support.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An anchor mesh shotcrete combined device, characterized in that; The system includes a movable base (1), a bearing seat (2) fixedly installed on the top of the movable base (1), a support side plate (3) fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the bearing seat (2), an outer ring rail (4) fixedly installed on the outer side of the support side plate (3), a plurality of shotcrete support mechanisms (5) movably installed at equal intervals on the inner side of the outer ring rail (4), a pumping mechanism (6) fixedly installed on the inner side of the movable base (1), and a shotcrete mechanism (7) movably installed between the inner sides of the support side plates (3). The input end of the shotcrete mechanism (7) and the output end of the pumping mechanism (6) are connected. The shotcrete support mechanism (5) includes several moving modules (51), which move inside the outer ring rail (4). A first electric cylinder (52) is fixedly installed on the outside of the moving module (51), and an installation plate (53) is fixedly installed on the output end of the first electric cylinder (52). A support pressing template (54) is fixedly installed on the outside of the installation plate (53). The shotcrete mechanism (7) includes a rotating shaft (71) and a third motor (72). The third motor (72) is fixedly installed on the outer middle of a support side plate (3). The rotating shaft (71) is rotatably connected between the inner sides of the two support side plates (3). The output end of the third motor (72) is connected to one end of the rotating shaft (71) through a coupling. A mounting round seat (73) is fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft (71). A second electric cylinder (74) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the mounting round seat (73). A shotcrete module (75) is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder (74). The input end of the shotcrete module (75) is connected to the output end of the pumping mechanism (6).

2. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving module (51) includes an arc-shaped slider (511) and a toothed ring (512). The arc-shaped slider (511) is configured to be a plurality of them. The plurality of arc-shaped sliders (511) are slidably connected to the inside of the outer ring rail (4). A first motor (513) is fixedly installed on the outside of the arc-shaped slider (511). A gear (514) is fixedly installed on the output end of the first motor (513). The toothed ring (512) is fixedly installed on the inside of the outer ring rail (4). The toothed ring (512) and the gear (514) are meshed and connected. The first electric cylinder (52) is fixedly installed on the outside of the arc-shaped slider (511).

3. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving module (51) also includes several arc-shaped support blocks (515), which are slidably connected to the inner side of the outer ring rail (4) on the side away from the arc-shaped slider (511) on the two support side plates (3). Support sleeves (55) are fixedly installed on the outer side of the arc-shaped support blocks (515), and support slide rods (56) are slidably connected inside the support sleeves (55). The outer end of the support slide rods (56) is connected to the side of the support pressing template (54) away from the first electric cylinder (52).

4. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shotcrete module (75) includes a guide rail (751), which is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder (74). A lead screw (752) is rotatably connected inside the guide rail (751). A second motor (753) is fixedly installed at one end of the guide rail (751). The output end of the second motor (753) is connected to one end of the lead screw (752) through a coupling. A movable block (754) is slidably connected inside the guide rail (751). The movable block (754) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw (752) through a nut. A shotcrete assembly (76) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the movable block (754).

5. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shotcrete assembly (76) includes an outer frame (761), which is fixedly installed on the outside of the movable block (754). A shotcrete nozzle (762) is fixedly installed on the outside of the outer frame (761). A shotcrete delivery hose (763) is fixedly installed at the input end of the shotcrete nozzle (762). The input end of the shotcrete delivery hose (763) is connected to the output end of the pumping mechanism (6).

6. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support sleeve (764) is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the second electric cylinder (74), and the shotcrete conveying hose (763) slides inside the support sleeve (764).

7. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An inner ring rail (765) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support side plate (3). An inner support block (766) is slidably connected inside the inner ring rail (765). An inner support plate (767) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the inner support block (766). The inner side of the inner support plate (767) is fixedly connected to both sides of the second electric cylinder (74).

8. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pumping mechanism (6) includes a pumping pipe (61), which is fixedly installed on the inner side of the movable base (1). A fourth motor (62) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the pumping pipe (61). A pumping auger (63) is rotatably connected inside the pumping pipe (61). The output end of the fourth motor (62) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pumping auger (63) through a coupling. The output end of the pumping pipe (61) is connected to the input end of the shotcrete conveying hose (763). A slurry supply pipe (64) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the pumping pipe (61). A slurry addition hopper (65) is fixedly installed at the input end of the slurry supply pipe (64).

9. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mobile base (1) includes a support frame (11), the support side plate (3) is fixedly connected to the top two sides of the support frame (11), the pumping pipe (61) is fixedly installed in the middle of the support frame (11), and caster frames (12) are rotatably connected at the four corners of the bottom of the support frame (11), and casters (13) are rotatably connected inside the caster frames (12).

10. The anchor mesh shotcrete combined device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer end of the caster frame (12) is threaded with a grounding anti-slip screw (14). The bottom of the grounding anti-slip screw (14) is in contact with the ground. The grounding anti-slip screw (14) is a screw with a knob. A bridge-type handrail frame (15) is fixedly installed on the outside of the support base frame (11). An anti-slip handrail glove (16) is fixedly connected to the outside of the bridge-type handrail frame (15).

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