Coal mine goaf collaborative filling device and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coal mine goaf collaborative filling device and construction method, including scraper conveyor, coal mining machine, paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support, gangue-paste filling body, filling flexible membrane, combination switch, forepoling, transfer machine, split type rear retaining wall lower retaining wall, paste filling body, split type rear retaining wall upper retaining wall, rear top beam, front top beam, split type retaining wall gangue throwing window, split type retaining wall paste filling window, working face gangue belt conveyor, underground gangue crushing device.Underground gangue screening device is matched with ground pulp preparation and transportation to realize gangue underground direct filling and paste long-distance transportation collaborative operation.Forepoling is adapted to large mining height broken roof support, and combination switch uniformly controls the operation of whole machine.The application realizes coal mine solid waste underground resource utilization, goaf collaborative filling and green mining, and is suitable for mine ecological protection, coal gangue reduction, construction waste and other solid waste harmless treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of green mining technology in coal mines, specifically a collaborative filling device and construction method for coal mine goaf areas. Background Technology

[0002] Coal resources play a vital role in supporting national economic development. However, with the large-scale extraction of coal from underground, the resulting surface subsidence and environmental disasters have become increasingly prominent. Backfilling mining technology has been widely adopted due to its advantages, including high resource recovery rate, minimal surface subsidence, environmental protection, and effective release of underground coal resources. The key to paste and gangue co-filling technology lies in filling the goaf with gangue generated during coal seam mining, achieving gangue disposal without or partially uplifting it from the mine. This not only reduces the pressure on the surface environment from gangue transportation and storage but also minimizes ecological damage and soil erosion within the mining area. Compared to single paste or gangue backfilling, paste-gangue co-filling effectively utilizes the characteristics of different materials. Through reasonable material ratios and process control, it achieves superior backfilling effects and load-bearing capacity, ensuring the long-term stability of the goaf.

[0003] Currently, the industry lacks unified construction process requirements and quality control standards, which not only makes it difficult to guarantee the filling effect but also results in low filling efficiency. In particular, long-distance filling mining technology under deep mining height and fractured roof conditions faces challenges such as high costs, high transportation capacity requirements, and easy pipe blockage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find an economical and reasonable filling mining method to improve the filling effect, enhance the stability of the goaf, reduce the risk of surface subsidence and mine collapse, ensure mine safety, and maximize the economic benefits of coal mining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a collaborative filling device for coal mine goaf areas to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal mine goaf co-filling device, characterized in that it includes a scraper conveyor, a coal mining machine, a paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support, a gangue-paste filling body, a filling flexible membrane, a combination switch, an advanced support, a transfer machine, a split-type rear retaining wall lower retaining wall, a paste filling body, a split-type rear retaining wall upper retaining wall, a rear top beam, a front top beam, a split-type retaining wall gangue delivery window, a split-type retaining wall paste filling window, a working face gangue belt conveyor, and an underground gangue crushing device;

[0006] The scraper conveyor and transfer machine are connected and arranged together. The coal mining machine travels on the scraper conveyor track. The paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support is set in the roof control area of ​​the coal mining face. The filling flexible membrane is suspended on the top of the split rear retaining wall. The advanced support is arranged on the advanced coal body side of the working face. The combined switch is electrically connected to each power execution component.

[0007] The paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support is equipped with a rear top beam and a front top beam. The split-type rear retaining wall lower retaining wall and the split-type rear retaining wall upper retaining wall form the support rear retaining wall structure. The split-type retaining wall gangue delivery window and the split-type retaining wall paste filling window can be enclosed in the rear retaining wall. The gangue-paste filling body and the paste filling body are sequentially filled in the enclosed space behind the support.

[0008] Preferably, the split retaining wall gangue delivery window and the split retaining wall paste filling window of the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support can be opened or closed independently, adapting to the alternating operation of gangue delivery and paste filling.

[0009] Preferably, the method further includes a working face gangue belt conveyor, which is matched with a paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support and can automatically extend and retract to connect with different split retaining wall gangue delivery windows.

[0010] 1. Preferably, the gangue-paste filling material is composed of gangue screened underground and paste material, wherein the gangue is treated using any one of the following three methods:

[0011] (1) All coal gangue is brought to the surface for processing: All underground coal gangue is brought to the surface, crushed and screened, and then prepared into coal-based solid waste filling material. It is transported to the filling area through the paste pipeline and the paste filling window of the split retaining wall.

[0012] (2) Partial processing of coal gangue: Gangue with a particle size of 100mm~200mm is screened underground and then transported by the gangue belt conveyor at the working face and directly filled through the gangue feeding window of the split retaining wall; Gangue with a particle size exceeding 100mm~200mm is lifted to the ground for secondary crushing, and then prepared into paste material and transported through pipeline for filling.

[0013] (3) All coal gangue is processed underground: the underground coal gangue is not brought to the surface. After being crushed by the underground gangue crushing device (17) and screened by the underground screening device, the qualified gangue is directly filled, and the oversized gangue is crushed again and then prepared into paste for co-filling.

[0014] The paste material is transported through filling pipes, and the top layer is finally completed with the paste filler.

[0015] Preferably, the advanced support is to provide advanced coal body support for the fractured roof of the high-extraction coal seam before mining, so as to prevent the roof of the high-extraction coal seam from breaking and increase the filling and roof connection rate.

[0016] Preferably, the device further includes a ground slurry preparation and conveying device and an underground gangue screening device. The ground slurry preparation and conveying device is connected to the slurry filling window of the split retaining wall, and the discharge end of the underground gangue screening device is connected to the gangue belt conveyor of the working face.

[0017] Preferably, the filling flexible membrane, in conjunction with a wooden retaining wall, divides the area behind the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support into several enclosed filling spaces along the working surface.

[0018] Preferably, the paste filling body is a top-filling structure that wraps around the gangue-paste filling body to achieve full-section dense filling.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] This invention provides a co-filling device and construction method for coal mine goaf, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. By integrating the split retaining wall gangue delivery window and the split retaining wall paste filling window through the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support, it is possible to achieve direct underground gangue filling or long-distance paste transportation and coordinated operation. The gangue does not need to be brought to the surface, which greatly reduces the cost of solid waste transportation and storage, and realizes the efficient utilization of coal mine solid waste resources.

[0022] 2. By constructing a closed filling space with a flexible membrane and reinforcing the broken roof with advanced support, combined with the rear and front roof beams for roof control support, the problems of broken roof and low filling roof connection rate in deep mining areas are effectively solved, thereby improving the filling density of the goaf and the safety of mine mining.

[0023] 3. The scraper conveyor, coal mining machine, transfer machine and filling system of this collaborative filling device work together in a coordinated manner, and are controlled by a combination switch. The gangue-paste filling body and the paste filling body are filled in layers and sequentially, taking into account filling efficiency and load-bearing capacity. It is suitable for complex working conditions such as "three-down-up" coal recovery and mining of residual coal pillars, and promotes the green and sustainable development of coal mines. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a construction process flow diagram of a coal mine goaf co-filling device proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This invention relates to the process flow for the coordinated transportation of underground coal mine paste and gangue-based solid waste.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working face of a collaborative filling device for coal mine goaf proposed in this invention;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Scraper conveyor; 2. Coal mining machine; 3. Filling hydraulic support; 4. Gangue-paste filling body; 5. Filling flexible membrane; 6. Combination switch; 7. Advanced support; 8. Transfer conveyor; 9. Split-type rear retaining wall lower retaining wall; 10. Paste filling body; 11. Split-type rear retaining wall lower retaining wall; 12. Rear top beam; 13. Front top beam; 14. Split-type retaining wall gangue delivery window; 15. Split-type retaining wall paste filling window; 16. Working face gangue belt conveyor; 17. Underground gangue crushing device. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0029] Example 1, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a coal mine goaf collaborative filling device, including a scraper conveyor 1, a coal mining machine 2, a paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support 3, a gangue-paste filling body 4, a filling flexible membrane 5, a combination switch 6, an advanced support 7, a transfer machine 8, a split-type rear retaining wall lower retaining wall 9, a paste filling body 10, a split-type rear retaining wall upper retaining wall 11, a rear top beam 12, a front top beam 13, a split-type retaining wall gangue delivery window 14, a split-type retaining wall paste filling window 15, a working face gangue belt conveyor 16, and an underground gangue crushing device 17.

[0030] Combination Figure 3 The working face is arranged such that the coal mining machine 2 travels along the scraper conveyor 1 to cut the coal, and the coal is transported by the scraper conveyor 1 to the transfer conveyor 8 to complete the coal discharge process; the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support 3 supports the working face roof through the front top beam 13 and the rear top beam 12, and the split rear retaining wall lower retaining wall 9 and the split rear retaining wall upper retaining wall 11 form a complete filling retaining wall, which, together with the filling flexible membrane 5, separates independent filling spaces; the advanced support 7 reinforces and protects the advanced coal body of the working face, the combination switch 6 centrally controls the operating status of each piece of equipment, the working face gangue belt conveyor 16 connects with the split retaining wall gangue delivery window 14 to realize the underground gangue transportation, and the underground gangue crushing device 17, together with the underground screening device, completes the on-site underground disposal of gangue. At the same time, combined with Figure 1 The paste preparation process involves crushing and screening gangue, then mixing it with cementing materials, fly ash, water, and additives in a specific ratio to produce paste material, providing raw material support for co-filling.

[0031] Example 2, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 Including Example 1, and based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: in the filling preparation stage, combined with Figure 3The working face is arranged such that the filling flexible membrane 5 is suspended on the top of the retaining wall 11 of the split rear retaining wall of the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support 3, and a closed filling space is constructed in conjunction with the wooden retaining wall; combined with Figure 2 In the underground transportation process, the paste transportation pipeline is sealed and connected to the paste filling window 15 of the split retaining wall, and the gangue belt conveyor 16 of the working face is precisely aligned with the gangue delivery window 14 of the split retaining wall. The equipment self-check is completed through the combination switch 6 to check the status of the pipeline valves. After confirming that there are no errors, a ready completion signal is sent to the surface filling station. Three gangue disposal modes can be selected according to the mine working conditions: all gangue is raised to the surface, some gangue is raised to the surface, and all gangue is disposed of underground.

[0032] Example 3, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 Including Embodiment 2, and based on Embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a construction method for a coal mine goaf co-filling device, the specific execution steps of which are as follows:

[0033] Step 1, Filling Preparation Stage:

[0034] a) Filling and closing space isolation: The filling and mining face is arranged in the top control area of ​​the back beam (12) of the hydraulic support (3) for filling paste-gangue solid waste. The filling flexible membrane (5) is suspended on the top of the retaining wall (11) of the split retaining wall of the support. The filling flexible membrane (5) and the wooden retaining wall are used to construct several closed spaces along the working face of the area to be filled.

[0035] b) Feeding window docking: The working face filling pipe and the working face gangue belt conveyor (16) are laid on the top beam of the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3). The split retaining wall paste filling window (15) of the support back retaining wall is docked with the paste filling pipe, and the split retaining wall gangue feeding window (14) is docked with the working face gangue belt conveyor (16).

[0036] c) Gate valve inspection: The pressure holding valve at the end of the main pipeline should be in the closed state, and the filling valve at the working face should be in the open state. Once preparation is complete, report to the filling station to carry out filling.

[0037] Step 2, Paste-Gangite Co-filling Stage:

[0038] a) Pipe filling and mortar pushing: Fill the paste pipe with clean water to ensure full flow and no leakage; prepare mortar and pump the mortar to push the paste filling water in the pipe to lubricate the pipe wall, isolate the paste filling material from the clean water, and prevent the paste filling material from settling and segregating.

[0039] b) Paste filling material pushing mortar: Prepare paste filling material, pump paste filling material to push mortar and clean water in paste filling pipe, and clean water enters sedimentation tank through drain pipe at the end of paste filling pipe;

[0040] c) Paste-gangue co-filling: Gangue or paste material is evenly spread across the coal seam floor to fill each enclosed space; filling is carried out according to the selected gangue treatment method.

[0041] ① Full well lifting mode: Crushed gangue on the ground is made into paste, which is continuously transported and filled through pipelines;

[0042] ② Partial lifting mode: 100mm~200mm gangue is directly fed after screening underground, and oversized gangue is made into paste on the surface and then transported;

[0043] ③ All underground mode: After the gangue is crushed and screened underground, it is directly fed in and transported in sync with the paste.

[0044] The intermediate filling paste and gangue are mixed to the filling window height, using the formula... Calculate the volume of paste in the pipeline, use water to mix with silicone balls to flush the pipeline to prevent blockage, and the top layer of the filling material must be paste filling material (10) connected to the top.

[0045] d) The gangue filling begins at the lower end of the two lanes and is carried out sequentially from the lower to the higher. The gangue is filled in a coordinated manner according to the reasonable spacing of the supports. After the gangue filling height reaches the height of the gangue delivery window (14), the gangue filling is stopped, and the gangue delivery windows (14) of the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) are closed. The paste filling continues to the pre-connection height. The filling paste is fluid and does not need to be connected for filling each window. Parallel operations can be carried out at the same time as the paste filling to improve the filling efficiency, that is, the gangue filling and the paste filling are carried out simultaneously.

[0046] e) Based on the length of the working face, set up isolation retaining walls for different sections of the filling enclosed space, dividing the filling area into different parts; among them, after the filling process of the next coal mining operation, change the position of the retaining wall and select intermittent filling, that is, the filling retaining wall is not parallel to the original filling retaining wall, but is staggered at a certain distance to ensure dense filling. After the filling body solidifies, proceed to the next coal mining operation and carry out the frame shifting work.

[0047] Step 3, final filling stage:

[0048] a) Mortar pushing paste filling material: After the paste filling material reaches the set filling height, prepare a small amount of mortar, pump the mortar to push the paste filling material out of the paste filling pipe. The length of the mortar in the pipe should not be less than the length of the riser to ensure that the cleaning water does not mix with the filling material when the mortar is pushed by water.

[0049] b) Water-push mortar: After the mortar pumping is completed, clean water is pumped to mix with silica gel balls, and excess material and cleaning water are discharged into the designated location through the drain pipe;

[0050] c) Compressed air and water pipe cleaning: After the water is drained from the drain pipe, stop pumping water, open the cleaning valve, and use compressed air to blow the water and other residues out of the filling pipe to complete the pipe cleaning work.

[0051] d) Operation method of special gangue filling belt in the final stage of filling: For coal mining faces with high mining height, the working face gangue belt conveyor (16) above the working face paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) can be left unremoved on the premise of ensuring safety and not affecting construction; if the mining height is not high, the working face gangue belt conveyor (16) should be removed as appropriate so that the next coal mining process can proceed normally.

[0052] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0053] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A co-filling device for goaf areas in coal mines, characterized in that, Includes scraper conveyor (1), coal mining machine (2), paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3), gangue-paste filling body (4), filling flexible membrane (5), combination switch (6), advanced support (7), transfer machine (8), split-type rear retaining wall lower retaining wall (9), paste filling body (10), split-type rear retaining wall upper retaining wall (11), rear top beam (12), front top beam (13), split-type retaining wall gangue delivery window (14), split-type retaining wall paste filling window (15), working face gangue belt conveyor (16), underground gangue crushing device (17); The scraper conveyor (1) and the transfer machine (8) are connected and arranged together. The coal mining machine (2) travels on the track of the scraper conveyor (1). The paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) is set in the top control area of ​​the coal mining face. The filling flexible membrane (5) is suspended on the top of the retaining wall (11) of the split rear retaining wall. The advanced support (7) is arranged on the advanced coal body side of the working face. The combination switch (6) is electrically connected to each power execution component. The paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) is provided with a rear top beam (12) and a front top beam (13). The split rear retaining wall lower retaining wall (9) and the split rear retaining wall upper retaining wall (11) form the support rear retaining wall structure. The split retaining wall gangue delivery window (14) and the split retaining wall paste filling window (15) can be enclosed in the rear retaining wall. The gangue-paste filling body (4) and the paste filling body (10) are filled in the enclosed space behind the support in sequence.

2. The coal mine goaf co-filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split retaining wall gangue delivery window (14) and split retaining wall paste filling window (15) of the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) can be opened or closed independently, adapting to the alternating operation of gangue delivery and paste filling.

3. The coal mine goaf co-filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a working face gangue belt conveyor (16), which is matched with a paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) and can automatically extend and retract to connect with different split retaining wall gangue delivery windows (14).

4. The coal mine goaf co-filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gangue-paste filling material (4) is composed of gangue screened underground and paste material. The gangue can be treated using any one of the following three methods: All coal gangue was brought to the surface and crushed and screened to prepare coal-based solid waste backfill material. The material was then transported to the backfilling area via a paste pipeline through a split retaining wall paste backfilling window (15). Partial surface treatment: Gangue with a particle size of 100mm~200mm is screened underground and then transported by the gangue belt conveyor (16) at the working face and directly filled through the gangue delivery window (14) of the split retaining wall; Gangue exceeding the particle size range of 100mm~200mm is lifted to the ground for secondary crushing, and then prepared into paste material which is transported through pipeline for filling; All underground processing: Underground coal gangue is not brought to the surface. After being crushed by the underground gangue crushing device (17) and screened by the underground screening device, the qualified gangue is directly filled, and the oversized gangue is crushed again and then prepared into paste for co-filling. The paste material is transported by the filling pipe and finally the top layer is completed by the paste filling body (10).

5. A coal mine goaf co-filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The advanced support (7) is to provide advanced coal body support for the high-extraction broken roof before mining, so as to prevent the high-extraction coal seam roof from breaking and increase the filling and roof connection rate.

6. A coal mine goaf co-filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a ground slurry conveying device and an underground gangue screening device. The ground slurry conveying device is connected to the split retaining wall paste filling window (15), and the discharge end of the underground gangue screening device is connected to the gangue belt conveyor (16) of the working face.

7. The construction method of the coal mine goaf co-filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Filling Preparation Stage: a) Filling and closing space isolation: The filling and mining face is arranged in the top control area of ​​the back beam (12) of the hydraulic support (3) for filling paste-gangue solid waste. The filling flexible membrane (5) is suspended on the top of the retaining wall (11) of the split retaining wall of the support. The filling flexible membrane (5) and the wooden retaining wall are used to construct several closed spaces along the working face of the area to be filled. b) Feeding window docking: The working face filling pipe and the working face gangue belt conveyor (16) are laid on the top beam of the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3). The split retaining wall paste filling window (15) of the support back retaining wall is docked with the paste filling pipe, and the split retaining wall gangue feeding window (14) is docked with the working face gangue belt conveyor (16). c) Gate valve inspection: The pressure holding valve at the end of the main pipeline should be in the closed state, and the filling valve at the working face should be in the open state. Once preparation is complete, report to the filling station to carry out filling. Step 2, Paste-Gangite Co-filling Stage: a) Pipe filling and mortar pushing: Fill the paste pipe with clean water to ensure full flow and no leakage; prepare mortar and pump the mortar to push the paste filling water in the pipe to lubricate the pipe wall, isolate the paste filling material from the clean water, and prevent the paste filling material from settling and segregating. b) Paste filling material pushing mortar: Prepare paste filling material, pump paste filling material to push mortar and clean water in paste filling pipe, and clean water enters sedimentation tank through drain pipe at the end of paste filling pipe; c) Paste-gangue co-filling: Gangue or paste material is evenly spread across the coal seam floor to fill each enclosed space; filling is carried out according to the selected gangue treatment method. ① All coal gangue is brought to the surface: the crushed gangue on the surface is made into paste and continuously transported through pipelines for filling; ② Partial coal gangue uplift: 100mm~200mm gangue is screened underground and directly fed in; oversized gangue is made into paste on the surface and then transported. ③ All coal gangue is transported underground: After underground crushing and screening, the gangue is directly fed into the mine and transported simultaneously with the paste. The intermediate filling paste and gangue are mixed to the filling window height, using the formula... Calculate the volume of paste in the pipeline, use water to mix with silicone balls to flush the pipeline to prevent blockage, and the top layer of the filling material must be paste filling material (10) connected to the top. d) The gangue filling starts from the lower end of the two lanes and is placed from the lower to the higher. According to the reasonable spacing of the support, the gangue is filled in a coordinated manner. After the gangue filling height reaches the height of the gangue placement window (14), the gangue filling is stopped, and the various gangue placement windows (14) of the paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) are closed. The paste filling continues to the pre-connection top height. The filling paste is fluid and does not require connection filling of each window. While filling with paste, parallel operations can be carried out as needed to improve filling efficiency, that is, filling gangue and filling paste are carried out simultaneously. e) Based on the length of the working face, set up isolation retaining walls for different sections of the filling enclosed space to divide the filling area into different parts; among which... After the next coal mining process, the position of the retaining wall is changed to intermittent filling, meaning the filling retaining wall is not parallel to the original filling retaining wall, but staggered at a certain interval to ensure dense filling. After the filling material solidifies, the next coal mining process is carried out, and the support frame is moved. Step 3, final filling stage: a) Mortar pushing paste filling material: After the paste filling material reaches the set filling height, prepare a small amount of mortar, pump the mortar to push the paste filling material out of the paste filling pipe. The length of the mortar in the pipe should not be less than the length of the riser to ensure that the cleaning water does not mix with the filling material when the mortar is pushed by water. b) Water-push mortar: After the mortar pumping is completed, clean water is pumped to mix with silica gel balls, and excess material and cleaning water are discharged into the designated location through the drain pipe; c) Compressed air and water pipe cleaning: After the water is drained from the drain pipe, stop pumping water, open the cleaning valve, and use compressed air to blow the water and other residues out of the filling pipe to complete the pipe cleaning work. d) Operation method of special gangue filling belt in the final stage of filling: For coal mining faces with high mining height, the working face gangue belt conveyor (16) above the working face paste-gangue solid waste filling hydraulic support (3) can be left unremoved on the premise of ensuring safety and not affecting construction. If the mining height is not high, the working face gangue belt conveyor (16) should be removed as appropriate so that the next coal mining process can proceed normally.

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