Gearbox shaft end seal dynamic and static combined double-sided isomerism ring flow guide component group

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gear box shaft end sealing, and particularly discloses a dynamic-static combined double-side heterogeneous ring-shaped flow guide component group for gear box shaft end sealing, which comprises a transmission shaft, a bearing seat, a fixed flow separation component and a cylindrical roller bearing, double-layer ring-shaped rotary flow guide components and single-layer ring-shaped rotary flow guide components which are sequentially sleeved on the transmission shaft. The double-layer component is close to the bearing side, the single-layer component is close to the shaft end outlet side, the fixed flow separation component is arranged between the double-layer component and the single-layer component, and the cross section of the fixed flow separation component is trapezoidal, thereby forming symmetrical smooth flow guide inclined surfaces. The double-layer and single-layer rotary flow guide components are provided with parallel inclined surfaces which are matched with the inclined surfaces on the side close to the fixed flow separation component, so as to jointly form a zigzag flow channel. The structure can significantly increase the flow resistance by conducting multi-stage guidance and retardation on the leaked oil and gas mixture, effectively improves the shaft end sealing performance under complex working conditions such as negative pressure in a non-contact mode, and reliably reduces the leakage risk of lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gearbox shaft end sealing technology, and in particular to a dynamic and static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous optimization of railway line conditions and the sustained increase in train operating speed in my country, train operating efficiency has been significantly improved. However, when trains pass through narrow areas such as tunnels and culverts at high speeds, the external environment of the gearbox is prone to negative pressure due to factors such as piston wind. This can significantly weaken the shaft end sealing performance, causing the lubricating oil inside the gearbox to leak outwards.

[0003] Currently, the shaft end sealing structure of train gearboxes is mainly divided into two categories: one is a contact shaft end sealing structure that combines a sealing ring and a labyrinth seal. This structure has problems such as easy wear of the sealing ring, the need for regular replacement, and high maintenance costs; the other is a non-contact shaft end sealing structure that combines an oil slinger ring and a labyrinth seal. Although it can avoid contact wear, it still has defects such as insufficient sealing performance and large amount of lubricating oil leakage under negative pressure conditions.

[0004] Existing train gearbox shaft end sealing structures struggle to simultaneously guarantee good sealing performance, low lubricant leakage, and high operational reliability under negative pressure environments. Therefore, a novel shaft end sealing structure is urgently needed to improve the gearbox's sealing performance under negative pressure and other conditions, reduce lubricant leakage, and leverage the advantages of non-contact sealing, such as high reliability, low maintenance requirements, and long service life. To this end, it is necessary to propose a dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly for train gearbox shaft end sealing, addressing the problems of insufficient shaft end sealing performance and high lubricant leakage under negative pressure conditions in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic and static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing, comprising a drive shaft, a bearing housing, a fixed flow isolation component, and a cylindrical roller bearing, a double-layer annular rotary flow guide component, and a single-layer annular rotary flow guide component sequentially sleeved on the drive shaft; the double-layer annular rotary flow guide component is located on the side closer to the cylindrical roller bearing, the single-layer annular rotary flow guide component is located on the side closer to the shaft end outlet, and the fixed flow isolation component is disposed inside the shaft end opening of the bearing housing and between the double-layer annular rotary flow guide component and the single-layer annular rotary flow guide component; the fixed flow isolation component has a trapezoidal cross-section along its axial direction to form smooth flow guide slopes symmetrical along both sides of the drive shaft; both the single-layer annular rotary flow guide component and the double-layer annular rotary flow guide component have parallel slopes matching the smooth flow guide slopes of the fixed flow isolation component on the side closer to the fixed flow isolation component to form a tortuous flow channel.

[0007] Optionally, the double-layer annular rotating guide member includes an inner guide vane and an outer guide vane arranged at intervals along the axial direction; the inner guide vane and the outer surface of the drive shaft form an annular flow channel with a right-angled trapezoidal cross section.

[0008] Optionally, the inner guide vane has an inclined surface on the side closest to the cylindrical roller bearing, and the outer guide vane has a vertical surface on the side closest to the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing.

[0009] Optionally, the single-sided profile of the inner and outer guide vanes is a torsion streamlined guide surface, and the radial tilt angle of the vanes is controlled by adjusting the arc radius and center position of the inner and outer edges on one side of the vanes.

[0010] Optionally, the side angle of the guide vanes of the single-layer annular rotating guide member is greater than the side angle of the inner guide vanes of the double-layer annular rotating guide member.

[0011] Optionally, the guide vanes of both the single-layer annular rotating guide member and the double-layer annular rotating guide member adopt a structural form that is symmetrical with respect to their rotation center plane.

[0012] Optionally, the single-layer annular rotating guide member is axially fixed on the transmission shaft by means of a shaft elastic retaining ring.

[0013] Optionally, the gearbox shaft end seal dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly further includes a bearing end cover one and a bearing end cover two; the bearing end cover one, the fixed flow isolation component and the bearing end cover two are sequentially arranged inside the shaft end opening of the bearing housing, and together with the bearing housing, form a chamber for accommodating the cylindrical roller bearing, the double-layer annular rotating flow guide component and the single-layer annular rotating flow guide component; the bearing end cover one and the bearing end cover two together realize the axial positioning of the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing.

[0014] Optionally, at least one oil return hole is provided at the bottom of the bearing end cover 2, and the oil return hole is located on the bearing end cover 2 near the outside of the single-layer annular rotating guide member and adjacent to the fixed flow isolation member.

[0015] Optionally, an annular sealing groove is provided on the mating surface of the bearing housing and the bearing end cover II, near the shaft end outlet, and an annular sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove.

[0016] The dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly based on the above structure has the following beneficial effects: This invention employs a dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guiding structure, consisting of a double-layer annular rotating flow guiding component near the bearing side, a single-layer annular rotating flow guiding component near the shaft end outlet side, and a fixed flow isolation component positioned between the two. The trapezoidal cross-section of the fixed flow isolation component and its symmetrical smooth flow guiding slopes on both sides, combined with matching parallel slopes on the two rotating flow guiding components, form a dimensionally stable and gap-controllable tortuous flow channel after assembly. This flow channel can guide and impede the flow path of the oil-gas mixture and lubricating oil within the bearing end cover in multiple stages, effectively increasing the flow resistance of the leaking fluid. The double-layer component near the bearing can initially guide and control the leaking fluid in the vicinity of the bearing, while the single-layer component near the outlet serves as the final sealing line, further dissipating fluid kinetic energy. This non-contact flow guiding and sealing method avoids contact wear, and its structural arrangement and flow channel design significantly improve the sealing capability of lubricating oil under complex operating conditions such as negative pressure, thereby reliably reducing the risk of shaft end lubricating oil leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the shaft end guide component assembly of the present invention; Figure 2This is a three-dimensional exploded assembly diagram of the shaft end guide component assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 These are front (left) and side (right) views of the double-layer annular rotating flow guide component of the present invention. Figure 4 These are front (left) and side (right) views of the fixed flow-blocking component of the present invention. Figure 5 These are front (left) and side (right) views of the single-layer annular rotating flow guide component of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Drive shaft; 2. Bearing housing; 3. Cylindrical roller bearing; 4. Bearing end cover one; 5. Fixed flow isolation component; 6. Bearing end cover two; 7. Single-layer annular rotating flow guide component; 8. Double-layer annular rotating flow guide component; 9. Shaft elastic retaining ring; 10. Circumferential sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a dynamic and static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing, including a drive shaft 1, a bearing housing 2, a cylindrical roller bearing 3, a bearing end cover 1 4, a fixed flow isolation component 5, a bearing end cover 2 6, a single-layer annular rotating flow guide component 7, a double-layer annular rotating flow guide component 8, a shaft elastic retaining ring 9, and an annular sealing ring 10.

[0023] In one specific embodiment, the cylindrical roller bearing 3 is assembled onto the drive shaft 1 via an interference fit to achieve stable power transmission. A double-layer annular rotary guide member 8 and a single-layer annular rotary guide member 7 are also sequentially interference-fitted onto the drive shaft 1. The double-layer annular rotary guide member 8 is positioned near the cylindrical roller bearing 3, while the single-layer annular rotary guide member 7 is positioned near the shaft end outlet. A fixed flow-blocking member 5 is positioned between the double-layer annular rotary guide member 8 and the single-layer annular rotary guide member 7, thereby forming a dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular guide structure in the shaft end sealing area. This structure, through the combination of rotating components (guide members) and stationary components (flow-blocking members), provides multi-level regulation and obstruction of the flow path of the oil-gas mixture and lubricating oil inside the bearing end cover.

[0024] Building upon the above embodiments, to ensure smooth assembly of the overall structure and reliable positioning of the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 3, the bearing end cover adopts a split design, specifically including bearing end cover one 4 and bearing end cover two 6. During assembly, bearing end cover one 4, the fixed flow-blocking component 5, and bearing end cover two 6 are sequentially assembled into the inner cavity of the bearing housing 2, and the axial fixation of the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 3 is achieved through the cooperation of these three components. This split design not only facilitates the assembly of the flow-blocking component assembly but also improves the assembly accuracy of the overall structure.

[0025] Based on the above embodiments, to further enhance the control of leaking fluid in the bearing vicinity, the second layer of the double-layer annular rotating guide member 8 extends into the annular region between the inner and outer rings of the cylindrical roller bearing 3, specifically into the annular region axially close to the shaft end outlet. This extended design allows the guiding effect to act more directly on any overflowing lubricating oil and oil mist.

[0026] Furthermore, the single-layer annular rotating guide member 7 is located on the side near the shaft end outlet, and its axial fixation is achieved by the shaft elastic retaining ring 9, ensuring its axial positioning stability under high-speed rotation conditions.

[0027] Furthermore, considering the bidirectional rotation of the drive shaft 1 during the train's round-trip operation, in order to meet the sealing requirements under bidirectional rotation, the blades of both the single-layer annular rotating guide member 7 and the double-layer annular rotating guide member 8 are designed with a symmetrical structure.

[0028] Building upon the above embodiments, the fixed flow-blocking member 5 has a trapezoidal cross-section along its axial direction, thereby forming smooth inclined surfaces symmetrically distributed on both sides of the drive shaft 1 with a preset angle. This trapezoidal structure facilitates fluid guidance and provides a stable reference for the assembly of adjacent components.

[0029] Based on the above embodiments, in order to form a stable flow channel gap, the single-layer annular rotating flow guide member 7 and the double-layer annular rotating flow guide member 8 are both configured with parallel inclined surfaces having the same inclination angle as the inclined surface of the fixed flow barrier member 5 on the side near the fixed flow barrier member 5. In this way, after assembly, a tortuous flow channel with stable dimensions and controllable gap is formed between the rotating member and the stationary member, enhancing the blocking effect similar to a labyrinth seal.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the double-layer annular rotating guide member 8 includes double-layer guide blades arranged at intervals along the axial direction. These double-layer guide blades are uniformly distributed circumferentially and adopt a symmetrical configuration, with the inner and outer layers of blades sharing the same plane of symmetry. Each guide blade extends radially, and its inner and outer edges adopt a non-parallel configuration. The single-side profile of the blade is a torsional streamlined guide surface. By adjusting the radius of the arc and the center position of the inner and outer edges of the blade on one side, precise control of the radial tilt angle of the blade can be achieved.

[0031] Specifically, the outer blades have a vertical profile on the side closest to the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 3 to ensure the stability of the clearance with the flow channel; while the inner blades have an inclined profile on the side closest to the roller of the cylindrical roller bearing 3 to enhance their active flow guiding capability.

[0032] Furthermore, the inner blades of the double-layer annular rotating guide member 8 and the outer cylindrical surface of the drive shaft 1 together form an annular flow channel with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section. When the inner blades rotate at high speed with the drive shaft 1, they can drive the fluid in the annular flow channel to form a vortex. Under the guiding effect of the inclined surface of the blades, the mainstream direction of the vortex moves towards the cylindrical roller bearing 3, thereby generating a tendency to "push" the leaking fluid back to the bearing area, effectively suppressing the leakage of lubricating oil from the bearing side to the shaft end outlet direction.

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, the basic structure of the blades of the single-layer annular rotating guide member 7 corresponds to the inner blades of the double-layer annular rotating guide member 8. To achieve a stronger seal at the shaft end outlet side, this final line of defense, the blades were optimized by increasing the side angle of the blades. The larger angle improves the blades' ability to guide the fluid and also enhances the turbulent dissipation effect generated when the fluid flows through, more effectively converting the kinetic energy of the leaking oil into heat energy, thereby strengthening the leak suppression effect.

[0034] Based on the above embodiments, to establish a recovery path for leaked lubricating oil, a return oil hole is provided at the bottom of the bearing end cover 6. This return oil hole is located on the bearing end cover 6 near the outer side of the single-layer annular rotating guide member 7 and adjacent to the fixed flow-blocking member 5; this is where the lubricating oil most easily collects after passing through multiple stages of obstruction. The number and diameter of the return oil holes can be adjusted according to the actual lubrication system's return oil requirements to precisely control the lubricating oil's return capacity. The lubricating oil collected here flows back into the gearbox under gravity through these return oil holes, achieving lubricating oil circulation and fundamentally reducing permanent leakage.

[0035] Furthermore, to improve the static sealing reliability between the entire sealing assembly and the gearbox housing, an annular sealing ring groove for installing the circumferential sealing ring 10 is machined on the mating surface of the bearing housing 2 and the bearing end cover 6, near the shaft end outlet. The circumferential sealing ring 10 is assembled in this sealing ring groove. When the bearing end cover 6 is fastened to the bearing housing 2, the circumferential sealing ring 10 is deformed under pressure, forming a reliable static seal between the mating surfaces of the bearing housing 2 and the bearing end cover 6, preventing lubricating oil from leaking from the assembly gap.

[0036] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the specific structural parameters without departing from the basic principles of the present invention. For example, the number of guide vanes, the specific profile, the trapezoidal inclination angle of the fixed flow-blocking component 5, and the arrangement of the oil return holes can all be optimized according to different gearbox models and operating conditions. These modifications and improvements based on the concept of the present invention should all be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a dynamic and static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide structure by setting a double-layer annular rotating flow guide component 8 on the bearing side, setting a single-layer annular rotating flow guide component 7 on the shaft end outlet side, and setting a fixed flow isolation component 5 between the two. This structure can effectively regulate the flow path of the oil-gas mixture and lubricating oil in the bearing end cover, thereby significantly improving the shaft end sealing performance of the train gearbox under negative pressure and other working conditions, and reducing the risk of lubricating oil leakage.

[0038] (2) The present invention adopts a non-contact flow guiding and sealing structure. Compared with the traditional contact shaft end sealing method that combines sealing ring and labyrinth seal, it can avoid the problem of sealing ring wear and frequent replacement. It has the advantages of high reliability, low maintenance requirements and long service life, which helps to reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0039] (3) In this invention, the double-layer annular rotating guide component 8, the fixed flow isolation component 5 and the single-layer annular rotating guide component 7 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction and are assembled and positioned by a split bearing end cover; the fixed flow isolation component 5 adopts a trapezoidal cross-section structure, while the single-layer and double-layer rotating guide components are provided with parallel inclined surfaces with the same inclination angle on the side close to the fixed flow isolation component 5. This design is beneficial to improving the assembly accuracy and maintaining the stability of the flow channel gap.

[0040] (4) In this invention, a double-layered annular rotating guide member 8 is provided with double-layered guide vanes, and an annular flow channel with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section is formed between the inner layer vane and the outer surface of the drive shaft 1; at the same time, an adjustable number and diameter of oil return holes are arranged at the bottom of the bearing end cover 6, and an annular sealing ring is provided at the joint surface between the bearing seat 2 and the bearing end cover 6. These measures can enhance the guiding and oil return effects, improve the static sealing reliability, and thus further reduce the possibility of lubricating oil leaking from the shaft end to the outside.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing, characterized in that, The assembly includes a drive shaft (1), a bearing housing (2), a fixed flow-blocking component (5), and a cylindrical roller bearing (3), a double-layer annular rotary flow-guiding component (8), and a single-layer annular rotary flow-guiding component (7) sequentially mounted on the drive shaft (1). The double-layer annular rotary flow-guiding component (8) is located on the side closer to the cylindrical roller bearing (3), the single-layer annular rotary flow-guiding component (7) is located on the side closer to the shaft end outlet, and the fixed flow-blocking component (5) is disposed within the shaft end opening of the bearing housing (2). The fixed flow barrier (5) is located between the double-layer annular rotating flow guide member (8) and the single-layer annular rotating flow guide member (7). The cross-section of the fixed flow barrier member (5) along its axial direction is trapezoidal to form smooth flow guide slopes symmetrical on both sides of the drive shaft (1). The single-layer annular rotating flow guide member (7) and the double-layer annular rotating flow guide member (8) are provided with parallel slopes that match the smooth flow guide slopes of the fixed flow barrier member (5) on the side near the fixed flow barrier member (5) to form a tortuous flow channel.

2. The gearbox shaft end sealing dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double-layer annular rotating guide member (8) includes an inner guide vane and an outer guide vane arranged at intervals along the axial direction; the inner guide vane and the outer surface of the drive shaft (1) form an annular flow channel with a right-angled trapezoidal cross section.

3. The gearbox shaft end sealing dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner guide vane has an inclined surface on the side closest to the cylindrical roller bearing (3), and the outer guide vane has a vertical surface on the side closest to the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing (3).

4. The dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The inner and outer guide vanes have a single-sided profile of a torsion streamlined guide surface. The radial tilt angle of the vanes is controlled by adjusting the radius of the arc and the center position of the inner and outer edges on one side of the vanes.

5. The gearbox shaft end sealing dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side tilt angle of the guide vanes of the single-layer annular rotating guide member (7) is greater than the side tilt angle of the inner guide vanes of the double-layer annular rotating guide member (8).

6. The dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The guide vanes of both the single-layer annular rotating guide member (7) and the double-layer annular rotating guide member (8) adopt a symmetrical structure relative to their rotation center plane.

7. The dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-layer annular rotating guide member (7) is axially fixed on the transmission shaft (1) by means of a shaft elastic retaining ring (9).

8. The dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a bearing end cap one (4) and a bearing end cap two (6); the bearing end cap one (4), the fixed flow isolation member (5) and the bearing end cap two (6) are sequentially arranged inside the shaft end opening of the bearing seat (2), and together with the bearing seat (2) form a chamber for accommodating the cylindrical roller bearing (3), the double-layer annular rotating flow guide member (8) and the single-layer annular rotating flow guide member (7); the bearing end cap one (4) and the bearing end cap two (6) together realize the axial positioning of the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing (3).

9. The dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide assembly for gearbox shaft end sealing according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one oil return hole is provided at the bottom of the bearing end cover (6). The oil return hole is located on the bearing end cover (6) near the outside of the single-layer annular rotating guide member (7) and adjacent to the fixed flow isolation member (5).

10. The gearbox shaft end sealing dynamic-static combined double-sided heterogeneous annular flow guide component assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, On the mating surface of the bearing housing (2) and the bearing end cover (6), near the shaft end outlet, there is an annular sealing groove, and an annular sealing ring (10) is installed in the sealing groove.

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