Intelligent laser measuring device and method for processing cast iron castings
By designing the support frame and guide rod structure, the problem of insufficient control of incident angle and distance in the measurement of cast iron parts by 3D scanning equipment was solved, realizing high-precision and high-coverage measurement of cast iron parts, and reducing costs and risks.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SUZHOU DONGYA MECHANICAL FOUNDORY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing 3D scanning equipment has difficulty maintaining the optimal incident angle and distance in the measurement of cast iron parts, resulting in insufficient measurement accuracy and convenience. In particular, manual handheld scanning equipment is poorly controlled in the measurement of large, low-volume cast iron parts.
An intelligent laser measurement device was designed. It utilizes a support frame, drive belt, and guide rod structure to achieve stable positioning and incident angle adjustment of the scanner. The drive belt drives the scanner to reciprocate on the support frame, and the guide rod adjusts the scanner's distance measurement and incident angle to ensure high-precision measurement.
It improves the measurement accuracy and convenience of large, low-volume cast iron parts, reduces manual hand-held errors and operational risks, lowers on-site handling and multi-arm deployment costs, and achieves high-coverage point cloud acquisition and stable, repeatable positioning.
Smart Images
Figure CN122107244A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of laser measurement technology, specifically to an intelligent laser measurement device and method for processing cast iron castings. Background Technology
[0002] Small cast iron parts are commonly inspected piece by piece or by sampling using calipers, height gauges, plug gauges, dial indicators, and inspection tools; large cast iron parts are often inspected using inspection tools / fixtures, laser tracking, optical projection / profilometers, and portable coordinate measuring machines for on-site positioning and inspection of key references.
[0003] Small castings suffer from low inspection efficiency and poor accuracy, while large castings often lack suitable measurement methods, leading to insufficient machining allowances and ultimately scrapping of the workpieces when measurements are inaccurate. Therefore, a 3D scanner has been introduced to measure castings.
[0004] Publication No. CN119289899A discloses a 3D scanning device, a 3D scanning method, a 3D measurement device, a system, and a method. The 3D scanning device includes multiple device units, each including an imaging device and a projection device that satisfy a small baseline distribution. The projection devices of each device unit project light rays in their respective preset directions onto the target object. The imaging devices of each device unit capture images of the patterns formed by the intersections of the light rays simultaneously projected onto the target object by all the projection devices, obtaining each image captured by each imaging device. The target object is then measured in 3D based on the multiple intersection points included in all the images. This design makes the layout of the 3D scanning device simpler and more compact, expanding its application scenarios.
[0005] Existing 3D laser scanning equipment typically operates in two modes. The first involves a human operator holding the scanning device and measuring the workpiece directly. The second involves mounting the 3D scanning device on a robotic arm, which then scans the workpiece. The second method is mostly used in large factories for scanning die-cast parts. For lower-volume cast iron parts, handheld scanning is more widely used.
[0006] However, 3D scanning equipment has requirements for the optimal incident angle and optimal distance. It must be operated within the optimal distance range specified by the 3D scanning equipment. The optimal incident angle usually needs to be kept between 20° and 40°, avoiding close to 0° (directly facing) or >60° (grazing) to reduce reflection loss and ranging noise. Using a handheld scanning method to scan cast iron parts is not convenient for maintaining high-precision measurement. Summary of the Invention
[0007] In view of this, the embodiments of this application aim to provide an intelligent laser measurement device and method for processing cast iron castings, which solves the problem that manual handheld scanning devices have poor control over the optimal distance and optimal incident angle, which affects the measurement accuracy and improves the measurement accuracy and convenience for large castings.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides: an intelligent laser measuring device for machining cast iron castings, comprising:
[0009] A support frame having a first support portion and a second support portion, with a connecting rod disposed between the first support portion and the second support portion;
[0010] The mounting part is capable of reciprocating between a first position and a second position, and in the first position and the second position, the mounting part is capable of moving along the contour of the support frame.
[0011] A drive belt is provided on the outside of the mounting part, the second support part has a positioning hole, and the outside of the drive belt has a buckle plate so that the buckle plate is inserted into the positioning hole when the drive belt drives the mounting part to reciprocate between the first position and the second position.
[0012] The mounting section has a slot, in which a scanner is embedded, and the scanner is set at an angle to the surface of the casting.
[0013] In some embodiments, at least two first support portions are provided, and several second support portions are provided and disposed between the first support portions, with the first position and the second position disposed along the first direction.
[0014] In some embodiments, the mounting portion is provided with a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket is provided with a connecting portion on the side near the first support portion. The connecting portion connects the mounting bracket and the first support portion when the mounting bracket slides to the first support portion. The connecting portion includes an engaging head, a positioning head, and a locking plate. The engaging head is mounted on the outside of the mounting bracket, and the positioning head is disposed on the inside of the first support portion. The positioning head is capable of moving along the contour of the first support portion.
[0015] The engagement head and the positioning head are magnetically attracted to each other, the clamping plate is hinged to the positioning head, and the engagement head is fastened after the engagement head and the positioning head are magnetically attracted to each other.
[0016] In some embodiments, the first support portion is provided with winding portions on both sides, the winding portions extending to the inner side of the first support portion and connected to the positioning head, so that the positioning head changes the first position and the second position under the winding of the winding portions.
[0017] The first support portion has a groove, and the positioning head is embedded in the groove.
[0018] In some embodiments, the mounting bracket is provided with a first guide rod and a second guide rod inside. The telescopic ends of the first guide rod and the second guide rod are both connected to the slot, and the first guide rod and the second guide rod are respectively connected to both sides of the slot, so that when the first guide rod and the second guide rod extend or retract to the same length, only the telescopic length of the slot is changed, and when either the first guide rod or the second guide rod extends or retracts, only the incident angle between the scanner and the surface of the casting is changed.
[0019] In some embodiments, the buckle plate is spaced at the same distance from the first support portion, a drive portion is provided between the drive belt and the mounting frame, the drive portion includes at least a drive wheel and a drive motor, the drive belt is sleeved on the outside of the drive wheel, and the drive motor is disposed inside the mounting frame and drives the drive wheel to rotate.
[0020] In some embodiments, the drive unit is provided with an adjustment unit, which changes the pitch angle of the drive wheel. The adjustment unit includes an adjustment frame, a sliding plate, a first magnetic plate, and a second magnetic plate. The sliding plate is embedded inside the adjustment frame and can switch between an embedded position and an avoidance position. The first magnetic plate and the second magnetic plate are respectively disposed in the embedded position and the avoidance position.
[0021] The slide plate is engaged with the first and second magnetic plates on both sides. Under the magnetic force of the first and second magnetic plates, the slide plate slides between the embedded position and the avoidance position.
[0022] In some embodiments, the drive belt is flexibly configured, and the drive belt is in a taut state when the slide plate switches between the embedded position and the avoidance position.
[0023] In some embodiments, positioning members are provided on both sides of the first support portion, and the positioning members are used to position the first support portion.
[0024] The second aspect of this application provides a method for measuring the machining of cast iron castings, comprising the following steps:
[0025] Confirm that the support frame is securely installed with the first and second support parts, check the condition of the mounting part and drive belt, and ensure that the scanner is securely fixed and the data cable is shielded and grounded.
[0026] Remove loose sand, oil, and coolant from the workpiece surface; remove direct sunlight and sources of interference; ensure the test area is dry; and set up shields or barriers where necessary to reduce reflection and splashing.
[0027] Move the mounting part to the mechanical zero position or the reference positioning pin and record the zero position parameters. Confirm the relative positions of the first support part and the second support part, and save the reference for subsequent repeated use.
[0028] The scanner was inserted into the slot and fixed, and zero bias and linear calibration were performed to obtain the ranging and angle compensation coefficients, and the echo quality was verified to be good under the target ranging and incident angle.
[0029] Based on the workpiece size and accuracy requirements, the incident angle, ranging range, point cloud density and trajectory overlap rate are set to generate the trajectory and speed parameters for coarse scanning / fine scanning / supplementary scanning and save them as a measurement scheme.
[0030] Perform a coarse sweep at a high speed according to a preset trajectory to quickly cover the workpiece, check the integrity of the point cloud and the occlusion in real time, and adjust the path of key areas based on the coarse sweep results to optimize the incident angle and distance measurement.
[0031] Based on the coarse scan, the key positioning points, joints and thin-walled sections are finely scanned with high-density trajectories. The scanning speed is reduced, the overlap rate is increased, the optimal incident angle and distance are finely adjusted, and multiple acquisitions are performed in segments to reduce the impact of thermal deformation.
[0032] This application significantly improves the online measurement capability of large, low-volume cast iron parts. Through repeatable positioning along the support frame, reliable coupling between the drive belt and the buckle plate, online adjustment of the incident angle and distance by the guide rod, and modular connection and drive structure, it achieves high-precision, high-coverage point cloud acquisition and stable repeatable positioning, reduces manual handheld errors and operational risks, lowers on-site handling and multi-arm deployment costs, and improves system adaptability and long-term operational reliability through alternative engineering implementation and easy-to-maintain modular design.
[0033] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present application;
[0035] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of this application;
[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first support portion of this application;
[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the winding section of this application;
[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation section of this application;
[0039] Figure 6 This is an anatomical diagram of the mounting bracket in this application;
[0040] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment frame in this application;
[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drive unit of this application;
[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection part of this application;
[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first guide rod and the second guide rod of this application.
[0044] In the diagram: 100 support frame, 200 mounting section, 300 drive belt, 400 scanner;
[0045] 110 First support section, 120 Second support section, 130 Connecting rod;
[0046] 210 Positioning hole, 211 Buckle plate, 212 Card slot;
[0047] 220 Mounting bracket, 221 Connecting part, 222 Rewinding part, 223 First guide rod, 224 Second guide rod, 225 Drive part;
[0048] 230 Engaging head, 231 Positioning head, 232 Clamping plate;
[0049] 240 Drive wheel, 241 Drive motor, 242 Adjustment unit;
[0050] 250 Adjustment frame, 251 Slide plate, 253 First magnetic plate, 254 Second magnetic plate;
[0051] 260 drive pulley, 261 drive belt;
[0052] T is the first direction. Detailed Implementation
[0053] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0055] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.
[0056] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0058] 3D laser scanning equipment typically operates in two modes. The first mode involves a person holding the scanning device and measuring the workpiece directly. The second mode involves mounting the 3D scanning device on a robotic arm, which then scans the workpiece. The second scanning method is mostly used in large factories for scanning die-cast workpieces.
[0059] For large cast iron parts with low production volume, due to their low output and large size, the use of robotic arm-controlled scanners 400 for scanning the workpiece is limited by the movement space of the robotic arm. A large casting often requires multiple robotic arm-controlled scanners 400 to work together, but the investment cost is huge and does not match the benefits of low production volume of cast iron parts. Therefore, handheld scanners are more widely used.
[0060] 3D scanning equipment has requirements for optimal incident angle and optimal distance. It must be operated within the optimal distance range specified by the 3D scanning equipment. The optimal incident angle usually needs to be kept between 20° and 40°. Avoid direct shooting at 0° or grazing at >60° to reduce reflection loss and ranging noise.
[0061] However, manual handheld scanning devices have poor control over the optimal distance and incident angle, which affects the measurement accuracy. Therefore, there is a need for an intelligent laser measurement device that can reciprocate along the outer contour of the support frame 100, achieve stable positioning at different positions, and adjust the distance and incident angle to improve the flexibility and reliability of online detection.
[0062] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings. The measuring device includes a guide rod and a drive belt 300. The drive belt 300 enables the scanner 400 to slide between a first position and a second position. The guide rod adjusts the extension length and incident angle of the scanner 400, thereby achieving stable control of the scanner 400.
[0063] This application provides an intelligent laser measuring device for machining cast iron castings, see below. Figure 1-2 As shown, the device includes a support frame 100, a mounting part 200, a drive belt 300, and a scanner 400. The mounting part 200 is slidably mounted inside the support frame 100. The support frame 100 is composed of a plurality of first support parts 110 and a plurality of second support parts 120, which are connected by a connecting rod 130 to form an integral frame. The mounting part 200 is capable of reciprocating between a first position and a second position, and the first and second positions are respectively located on the plurality of first support parts 110. In the first and second positions, the mounting part 200 can move along the contour of the first support parts 110.
[0064] Positioning elements are provided at the support feet of the first support part 110 to fix or stabilize the support frame 100 in the detection position.
[0065] The drive belt 300 is located on the outside of the mounting part 200, and a buckle plate 211 is formed on its outside. The second support part 120 forms a positioning hole 210. When the drive belt 300 rotates, it drives the overall movement of the mounting part 200 by inserting the buckle plate 211 into the positioning hole 210. When the buckle plate 211 is inserted into the positioning hole 210, the mounting part 200 disengages from the first support part 110.
[0066] In this application, the outline shape of the first support portion 110 and the second support portion 120 is not limited, as long as it conforms to the measurement path of the cast iron part. For example, both the first support portion 110 and the second support portion 120 are arched.
[0067] The mounting section 200 has a slot 212 inside, and the scanner 400 can be detachably fixed in the slot 212 to maintain the stability of the slot 212. The scanner 400 is set at an angle to the surface of the casting to obtain a stable laser cross section and echo signal.
[0068] In some embodiments, the mounting part 200 is capable of reciprocating between a first position and a second position, and moving along the outer contour of the support frame 100 between the two positions to cover different measurement sections of the casting. The buckle plate 211 is inserted into the positioning hole 210 of the second support part 120 when the driving belt 300 drives the mounting part 200 to reciprocate between the first position and the second position, thereby achieving reliable positioning and repeated positioning of the mounting part 200 on the support frame 100.
[0069] The support frame 100 and the drive belt 300 provide repeatable movement and positioning capability along the outer contour of the casting, and the cooperation between the buckle plate 211 and the positioning hole 210 ensures the repeatability accuracy of each measuring point.
[0070] The mounting part 200 and the first support part 110 are connected by a connecting part 221 to achieve quick positioning and rigid locking. (See reference...) Figure 9 As shown, the connecting part 221 includes three parts: a meshing head 230, a positioning head 231, and a locking plate 232. The meshing head 230 is installed on the outside of the mounting bracket 220. The positioning head 231 is located on the inside of the first support part 110 and can move along the contour of the first support part 110. The locking plate 232 is hinged to the positioning head 231 and engages with the meshing head 230 after the meshing head 230 and the positioning head 231 are magnetically attracted to achieve secondary mechanical locking.
[0071] The engagement head 230 and the positioning head 231 are magnetically engaged to achieve rapid engagement and initial alignment. Subsequently, the locking plate 232 is mechanically fastened to provide rigid support. When the mounting bracket 220 slides to the first support part 110, rapid alignment is achieved and the switch from initial contact to rigid locking is completed in a short time, ensuring the stability of the posture and position of the mounting part 200 before the measurement begins.
[0072] It should be noted that the clamping plate 232 only functions when the engaging head 230 and the positioning head 231 are magnetically attracted. Its engagement with the engaging head 230 is not secure. When the magnetic attraction between the engaging head 230 and the positioning head 231 decreases or the magnetic force disappears, the clamping plate 232 disengages from the engaging head 230 when the mounting part 200 is pulled by the drive belt 300 or by its own gravity.
[0073] A winding section 222 is provided on the outer side of the first support section 110 to control the position of the positioning head 231. (See reference...) Figure 3-4As shown, the movement of the positioning head 231 along the contour of the first support portion 110 is driven by the winding portion 222, which extends to the inner side of the first support portion 110 and connects to the positioning head 231. The winding portion 222 adopts a motor-driven drum or traction mechanism, which changes the relative position of the positioning head 231 by winding or unwinding, thereby changing the start and end points of the first and second positions of the mounting bracket 220 on the first support portion 110 during winding or unwinding. The positioning head 231 is embedded in the groove formed in the first support portion 110 to ensure the smoothness and angular consistency when sliding along the contour.
[0074] The installation section 200 is segmented and covered on the support frame 100 by the winding action. The winding speed is coordinated with the sliding speed of the installation frame 220 to avoid impact and jamming. The cooperation between the slide and the positioning head 231 ensures the consistency of posture during the switching process, thereby improving the repeatability of the measurement points.
[0075] It should be noted that the winding section 222 is equipped with a traction rope, which is connected to the positioning head 231. The movement of the positioning head 231 is controlled by winding and unwinding the traction rope. The art does not limit the control method of the positioning head 231, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to the required stability and operation requirements of the positioning head 231.
[0076] In some embodiments, the mounting bracket 220 is provided with a first guide rod 223 and a second guide rod 224, see reference. Figure 10 As shown, the telescopic ends of both guide rods are connected to the slot 212, and are respectively connected to both sides of the slot 212.
[0077] When both guide rods extend and retract at the same length, only the extension and retraction length of the slot 212 is changed, thereby changing the distance between the scanner 400 and the surface of the casting; when only one guide rod extends and retracts, the posture of the scanner 400 is changed, causing the incident angle between the scanner 400 and the surface of the casting to change.
[0078] During the measurement process, the scanner's distance and incident angle can be adjusted online to adapt to the surface curvature of the casting, local features, or different measurement conditions, thereby improving the integrity and signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement data. Compared to manual handheld scanning, adjusting the scanning distance and incident angle improves the accuracy and detail of the acquired image, and can be freely adjusted as changes occur.
[0079] The telescopic ends of the first guide rod 223 and the second guide rod 224 are hinged to the slot 212, and the other end is hinged to the mounting bracket 220. When the first guide rod 223 and the second guide rod 224 are telescopic, the movement stability of the first guide rod 223 and the second guide rod 224 is maintained.
[0080] In another embodiment, the first guide rod 223 and the second guide rod 224 are both arranged in pairs to ensure the stability of the slot 212 during extension and retraction, and to prevent it from shifting due to instability of the center of gravity.
[0081] In some embodiments, a drive section 225 is provided between the drive belt 300 and the mounting bracket 220, see reference. Figure 5-8 As shown, the mounting bracket 220 is connected to the drive belt 300 and drives the drive belt 300 to move. The drive unit 225 includes a drive wheel 240 and a drive motor 241. The drive motor 241 drives the transmission wheel 260. The transmission belt 261 or gears transmit power to the drive wheel 240. The drive belt 300 is sleeved on the outside of the drive wheel 240 and drives the buckle plate 211 to move in a cycle.
[0082] The drive unit 225 is equipped with an adjustment unit 242 to change the pitch angle of the drive wheel 240. The adjustment unit 242 includes an adjustment frame 250, a slide plate 251, a first magnetic plate 253 and a second magnetic plate 254. The slide plate 251 is embedded in the adjustment frame 250 and can switch between an embedded position and a clearance position. In the embedded position, the drive wheel 240 is raised so that the buckle plate 211 can be inserted into the positioning hole 210 and the mounting part 200 is driven by the drive belt 300. In the clearance position, the drive wheel 240 is lowered to disengage the direct drive relationship, so that the connecting part 221 and the winding part 222 and other mechanisms can switch positions.
[0083] The sliding plate 251 engages with the first magnetic plate 253 and the second magnetic plate 254 on both sides, and slides between the embedded position and the avoidance position under the action of magnetic force. Controllable coupling and decoupling between the buckle plate 211 and the positioning hole 210 are achieved by changing the elevation angle of the drive wheel 240. This allows for rapid reciprocating motion of the mounting part 200 directly driven by the drive belt 300 when needed, and also allows for position adjustment of the first and second positions by the connecting part 221 or the winding part 222 when needed. The sliding plate 251 is magnetically mounted on both sides, allowing it to slide with the cooperation of the first magnetic plate 253 and the second magnetic plate 254, which are electromagnetic plates.
[0084] The transmission belt 261 is tensioned when the slide plate 251 is in the embedded position and the avoidance position.
[0085] In another embodiment, a tensioning device is provided, along with a tensioning wheel and a tensioning sensor, to maintain constant tension. The material selection for the drive belt 300 must consider wear resistance, temperature resistance, and tensile strength. The fit tolerance between the buckle plate 211 and the positioning hole 210 should be controlled within the engineering allowable range to ensure repeatability and positioning accuracy. The material of the buckle plate 211 and the surface of the positioning hole 210 should be treated with wear resistance or coated to extend their service life.
[0086] This application also provides a method for measuring the processing of cast iron castings, using the aforementioned intelligent laser measuring equipment, including the following steps:
[0087] Confirm that the support frame 100 is securely installed with the first support part 110 and the second support part 120, and that the positioning parts are in place. Check the tension of the drive belt 300 and the status of the buckle plate 211, the normal operation of the traction rope and drum of the winding part 222, the lubrication of the guide rod and the cleanliness of the slot 212, the secure fixing of the scanner 400 and the grounding of the data cable, and that the surrounding safety protection is in place.
[0088] Remove loose sand, oil, and coolant from the workpiece surface; remove direct sunlight and sources of interference; ensure the test area is dry; and set up shields or barriers where necessary to reduce reflection and splashing.
[0089] Move the mounting part 200 to the mechanical zero position or reference positioning pin and record the zero position parameters. Confirm the relative position of the first support part 110 and the second support part 120 and the rigidity of the connecting rod 130. Save the reference for subsequent repeated use.
[0090] The scanner 400 was inserted into the slot 212 and fixed. Zero bias and linear calibration were performed to obtain the ranging and angle compensation coefficients, and the echo quality was verified to be good under target ranging and incident angle.
[0091] Based on the workpiece size and accuracy requirements, the incident angle, ranging range, point cloud density, and trajectory overlap rate are set to generate the trajectory and speed parameters for coarse scanning / fine scanning / supplementary scanning and save them as a measurement scheme.
[0092] Perform a coarse sweep at a high speed according to a preset trajectory to quickly cover the workpiece, check the integrity of the point cloud and the occlusion situation in real time, and adjust the path and guide rod extension and retraction in key areas based on the coarse sweep results to optimize the incident angle and distance measurement.
[0093] Based on the coarse scan, the key positioning points, joints and thin-walled sections are finely scanned with high-density trajectories. The scanning speed is reduced, the overlap rate is increased, and the optimal incident angle and distance are achieved by fine adjustment with single or double guide rods. Multiple acquisitions are performed in segments to reduce the impact of thermal deformation.
[0094] This application significantly improves the online measurement capability of large, low-volume cast iron parts. Through repeatable positioning along the support frame, reliable coupling between the drive belt and the buckle plate, online adjustment of the incident angle and distance by the guide rod, and modular connection and drive structure, it achieves high-precision, high-coverage point cloud acquisition and stable repeatable positioning, reduces manual handheld errors and operational risks, lowers on-site handling and multi-arm deployment costs, and improves system adaptability and long-term operational reliability through alternative engineering implementation and easy-to-maintain modular design.
[0095] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and all should be covered within the scope of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims
1. An intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings, characterized in that, include: A support frame (100) has a first support portion (110) and a second support portion (120), and a connecting rod (130) is disposed between the first support portion (110) and the second support portion (120). Mounting part (200) is capable of reciprocating between a first position and a second position, and in the first position and the second position, the mounting part (200) is capable of moving along the contour of the support frame (100); A drive belt (300) is provided on the outside of the mounting part (200), and the second support part (120) has a positioning hole (210). The drive belt (300) has a buckle plate (211) on the outside, so that when the drive belt (300) drives the mounting part (200) to reciprocate between the first position and the second position, the buckle plate (211) is inserted into the positioning hole (210). The mounting part (200) has a slot (212) and a scanner (400) is embedded in the slot (212). The scanner (400) is set at an angle to the surface of the casting.
2. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support portion (110) is provided in at least two parts, and the second support portion (120) is provided in several parts and is provided between the first support portions (110), and the first position and the second position are provided along the first direction (T).
3. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting part (200) is provided with a mounting bracket (220). The mounting bracket (220) is provided with a connecting part (221) on the side near the first support part (110). The connecting part (221) connects the mounting bracket (220) and the first support part (110) when the mounting bracket (220) slides to the first support part (110). The connecting part (221) includes a meshing head (230), a positioning head (231) and a clamping plate (232). The meshing head (230) is installed on the outside of the mounting bracket (220). The positioning head (231) is disposed on the inside of the first support part (110) and the positioning head (231) can move along the contour of the first support part (110). The engagement head (230) and the positioning head (231) are magnetically attracted, the clamping plate (232) is hinged to the positioning head (231), and the engagement head (230) is fastened after the engagement head (230) and the positioning head (231) are magnetically attracted.
4. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first support part (110) is provided with winding parts (222) on both sides. The winding parts (222) extend to the inside of the first support part (110) and are connected to the positioning head (231) so that the positioning head (231) changes its first position and second position under the winding of the winding parts (222). The first support part (110) has a groove, and the positioning head (231) is embedded in the groove.
5. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (220) is provided with a first guide rod (223) and a second guide rod (224) inside. The telescopic ends of the first guide rod (223) and the second guide rod (224) are both connected to the slot (212). The first guide rod (223) and the second guide rod (224) are respectively connected to both sides of the slot (212) so that when the first guide rod (223) and the second guide rod (224) extend and retract to the same length, only the telescopic length of the slot (212) is changed. When either the first guide rod (223) or the second guide rod (224) extends and retracts, only the incident angle between the scanner (400) and the surface of the casting is changed.
6. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buckle plate (211) is spaced at the same distance from the first support part (110). A drive part (225) is provided between the drive belt (300) and the mounting frame (220). The drive part (225) includes at least a drive wheel (240) and a drive motor (241). The drive belt (300) is sleeved on the outside of the drive wheel (240). The drive motor (241) is located inside the mounting frame (220) and drives the drive wheel (240) to rotate.
7. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive unit (225) is provided with an adjustment unit (242). The adjustment unit (242) changes the elevation angle of the drive wheel (240). The adjustment unit (242) includes an adjustment frame (250), a sliding plate (251), a first magnetic plate (253), and a second magnetic plate (254). The sliding plate (251) is embedded inside the adjustment frame (250), and the sliding plate (251) can switch between an embedded position and a clearance position. The first magnetic plate (253) and the second magnetic plate (254) are respectively set in the embedded position and the clearance position. The sliding plate (251) is engaged with the first magnetic plate (253) and the second magnetic plate (254) on both sides. Under the magnetic force of the first magnetic plate (253) and the second magnetic plate (254), the sliding plate (251) slides between the embedded position and the avoidance position.
8. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drive belt (300) is flexibly configured, and the drive belt (300) is in a tensioned state when the slide plate (251) switches between the embedded position and the avoidance position.
9. The intelligent laser measuring device for processing cast iron castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Positioning members are provided on both sides of the first support part (110), and the positioning members are used to position the first support part (110) at the placement position.
10. A method for measuring the machining of cast iron castings, used in the intelligent laser measuring equipment as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Confirm that the support frame (100) is securely installed with the first support part (110) and the second support part (120), check the status of the mounting part (200) and the drive belt (300), and ensure that the scanner (400) is securely fixed and the data cable shield is grounded; Remove loose sand, oil, and coolant from the workpiece surface; remove direct sunlight and sources of interference; ensure the test area is dry; and set up shields or barriers where necessary to reduce reflection and splashing. Move the mounting part (200) to the mechanical zero position or the reference positioning pin and record the zero position parameters. Confirm the relative positions of the first support part (110) and the second support part (120) and save the reference for subsequent repeated use. The scanner (400) is inserted into the slot (212) and fixed. Zero bias and linear calibration are performed to obtain the ranging and angle compensation coefficients, and the echo quality is verified to be good under target ranging and incident angle. Based on the workpiece size and accuracy requirements, the incident angle, ranging range, point cloud density and trajectory overlap rate are set to generate the trajectory and speed parameters for coarse scanning / fine scanning / supplementary scanning and save them as a measurement scheme. Perform a coarse sweep at a high speed according to a preset trajectory to quickly cover the workpiece, check the integrity of the point cloud and the occlusion in real time, and adjust the path of key areas based on the coarse sweep results to optimize the incident angle and distance measurement. Based on the coarse scan, the key positioning points, joints and thin-walled sections are finely scanned with high-density trajectories. The scanning speed is reduced, the overlap rate is increased, the optimal incident angle and distance are finely adjusted, and multiple acquisitions are performed in segments to reduce the impact of thermal deformation.