Intelligent adaptive plasma coal powder cracking method based on multi-parameter feedback and related device

Abstract

The application provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal powder cracking method based on multi-parameter feedback and a related device. The device comprises a plasma nozzle, the plasma nozzle is provided with an internal flow channel, the internal flow channel comprises a stepped expansion section, a stable transition section and a contraction section which are sequentially communicated, and the contraction section is a variable throat structure. The application can realize the staged cracking and sufficient ignition of coal powder, and effectively solves the problems of low ignition rate and insufficient cracking of coarse particles and high-moisture coal powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of clean combustion technology, specifically relating to an intelligent adaptive plasma coal powder cracking method and related apparatus based on multi-parameter feedback. Background Technology

[0002] Plasma ignition and stable combustion technology is a key component of clean coal combustion technology, especially important for low-rank coals (such as lignite and lean coal) with poor combustion characteristics that require oil-assisted combustion. This technology uses a high-temperature, highly active jet generated by a plasma torch to instantly ignite pulverized coal, enabling oil-free boiler start-up and stable combustion at low loads, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0003] To address the challenges of igniting coarse pulverized coal and achieving low burnout rates, existing technologies have focused on structural optimization of the plasma burner nozzle itself. However, optimization schemes based on fixed geometries have inherent limitations. In actual power plant operation, coal quality (such as moisture, volatile matter, and particle size) and boiler load fluctuate frequently. A fixed nozzle structure can only achieve optimal performance under its specific design conditions. When the coal quality deteriorates (e.g., abnormally high moisture content) or the load decreases, a fixed flow field cannot adaptively adjust, leading to a decline in pyrolysis efficiency and ignition rate. Conversely, when the coal quality improves or the load increases, structures designed to handle worst-case conditions (such as maintaining a supersonic jet) can cause unnecessary energy consumption in the plasma generator, reducing its economic efficiency.

[0004] In summary, there is a significant gap in the existing technology: the lack of an integrated system that combines plasma nozzle hardware with multi-parameter sensing and intelligent decision-making. The core technical problem that this invention aims to solve is to achieve global optimization that starts from combustion effect and minimizes energy consumption by adapting to operating conditions.

[0005] (1) Optimize the internal structure and flow field of the nozzle. That is, solve the problems of low ignition rate and insufficient pyrolysis of coarse, high-moisture coal powder in the nozzle. Primary pyrolysis zone: Utilize the sudden expansion structure to stabilize the high-temperature reflux zone, apply extreme thermal shock to the coarse coal powder, causing its internal moisture and volatile matter to evaporate and expand instantaneously, achieving physical pulverization. Secondary reaction zone: Similar to the tapered design of the Laval nozzle, the airflow is accelerated to supersonic speed. The high-speed shear flow field causes micron-sized particles to be repeatedly entrained, greatly extending their effective residence time in the high-temperature zone and ensuring complete ignition.

[0006] Technology: A passive, fixed-hardware-based solution focused on optimizing the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic processes inside the nozzle.

[0007] Solution: Set up graded zones and optimize combustion adjustments.

[0008] Defects: Its nozzle uses a fixed geometric structure, which cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the changes in coal quality (such as moisture and volatile matter) and boiler load during actual operation, resulting in decreased combustion efficiency and increased energy consumption when deviating from the design conditions.

[0009] (2) Adaptive Pulverized Coal Concentration Balancing Device. This involves installing pulverized coal concentration sensors in the pulverized coal conveying pipeline to monitor the pulverized coal concentration in each branch in real time. Simultaneously, adjustable guide vanes are installed at key pipeline nodes (such as branch points), and their opening can be controlled by an actuator (electric or pneumatic). A control module automatically adjusts the opening of the guide vanes based on the feedback signal from the concentration sensors, directing high-concentration airflow to low-concentration branches, ultimately achieving pulverized coal concentration balancing at the inlet of each burner.

[0010] Technology: An active, single-parameter feedback control-based solution focused on optimizing fuel supply conditions upstream of the nozzle.

[0011] Solution: The baffle plate is automatically adjusted by the control module to balance the pulverized coal concentration in each burner.

[0012] Defects: Its control objective is limited to a single coal powder concentration parameter, forming an independent upstream regulation subsystem, which fails to form a closed-loop linkage and global optimization with the downstream core plasma ignition process and the final combustion state. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent adaptive plasma pulverized coal cracking method and related apparatus based on multi-parameter feedback, which overcomes the non-adaptability of existing fixed-structure plasma nozzle systems to changes in coal quality and load, as well as the single control strategy and high energy consumption defects of their systems. This creates a plasma pulverized coal cracking system that can self-sensing, make intelligent decisions, and execute precisely, achieving extremely high combustion stability and optimal energy efficiency under various operating conditions.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback, comprising a plasma nozzle, wherein the plasma nozzle is provided with an internal flow channel, the internal flow channel comprising a stepped expansion section, a stable transition section and a contraction section connected in sequence, wherein the contraction section is a variable throat structure.

[0015] Preferably, the contraction end includes multiple blades, each blade being fixedly mounted on a corresponding rotating shaft; all rotating shafts are arranged in a ring evenly along the central axis of the nozzle, and the non-fixed ends of each blade are arranged in an encircling manner towards the center of the nozzle; All the free ends of the rotating shafts are connected to the connecting rods, which are driven by a driver. The driver drives the connecting rods to make circumferential linkage movements, thereby synchronously driving each rotating shaft to rotate, so as to realize the synchronous opening and closing of all the blades.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes an online coal quality detector installed on the primary air duct to collect coal quality parameters at the plasma burner inlet.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a camera and a thermocouple installed downstream of the plasma nozzle to collect the flame morphology and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle, respectively.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal powder cracking method based on multi-parameter feedback, comprising the following steps: The flame pattern and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle are obtained during the operation of the plasma burner. Calculate the flame stability index based on flame morphology; The combustion status inside the plasma burner is determined based on the flame stability index and flue gas temperature. If the combustion status inside the furnace is abnormal, the throat opening of the contraction section is controlled.

[0019] Preferably, before the plasma burner is operated, the coal quality parameters at the inlet of the plasma burner are obtained, and the initial power and throat opening of the initial contraction section of the plasma burner are obtained from a preset lookup table based on the coal quality parameters.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking system based on multi-parameter feedback, comprising: The operating parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire the flame pattern and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle during the operation of the plasma burner. The index calculation unit is used to calculate the flame stability index based on the flame morphology. The operating parameter control unit is used to determine whether the combustion state inside the plasma burner is normal based on the flame stability index and flue gas temperature. If the combustion state inside the furnace is abnormal, it controls the throat opening of the contraction section and the operating power of the plasma burner.

[0021] Fourthly, the present invention provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the electronic device performs the method described thereon.

[0022] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, the computer program product including computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement the method described.

[0023] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method described herein.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal powder cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback. By setting an expansion section, a stable transition section and a variable throat contraction section in the nozzle flow channel structure, it can realize the staged cracking and full combustion of coal powder, effectively solving the problems of low combustion rate and insufficient cracking of coarse particles and high moisture coal powder.

[0025] This invention provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking method based on multi-parameter feedback. By synchronously collecting and deeply integrating inlet coal quality information and outlet combustion status information in real time, it breaks through the limitations of traditional single-parameter monitoring, constructs a solid data foundation for intelligent perception and adaptive operation of the system, and completely solves the state black box problem of traditional systems. This makes the entire process status of coal cracking and combustion monitorable and perceptible, and greatly improves the overall adaptability and operating efficiency of the system.

[0026] Furthermore, through the cooperation of multiple blades, rotating shafts, connecting rods and actuators, the cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle throat can be actively, steplessly and precisely adjusted, which can flexibly change the flow field characteristics and reaction intensity inside the nozzle, adapt to the combustion requirements under different coal qualities and loads, and the mechanism has high reliability in long-term operation.

[0027] Furthermore, by setting feedforward control based on coal quality parameters to quickly preset initial values, the system's physical inertia lag is effectively overcome, allowing the system to quickly enter the near-optimal operating range. Feedback optimization control relies on fuzzy control or model predictive control algorithms to finely seek optimization, with combustion stability as a premise and the lowest total system energy consumption as the core optimization objective. Unlike traditional single-parameter adjustment, it greatly improves the accuracy and energy efficiency of control, becoming the intelligent core of the system's high efficiency and energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a system framework diagram related to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a variable throat burner according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0030] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0031] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0032] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once detected [the described condition or event]," or "in response to detection [the described condition or event]."

[0033] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0035] Example 1 This embodiment provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback, including a plasma nozzle. The plasma nozzle is provided with an internal flow channel, which includes a stepped expansion section, a stable transition section and a contraction section connected in sequence. The contraction section is a variable throat structure.

[0036] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal powder cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback. The shrinkage section includes multiple blades, each blade is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, the blades are arranged in a ring, and multiple blades share a connecting rod. The opening and closing of each blade is controlled by the driver through the connecting rod.

[0037] Example 3 Based on Example 1, this example provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback, which also includes an online coal quality detector installed on the primary air duct to collect coal quality parameters at the inlet of the plasma burner.

[0038] Example 4 Based on Example 1, this example provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal pulverization device based on multi-parameter feedback, which also includes a camera and a thermocouple installed downstream of the plasma nozzle to collect the flame morphology and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle.

[0039] Example 5 This embodiment provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking method based on multi-parameter feedback, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Data collection.

[0040] Using an online coal quality detector located on the primary air duct, key characteristics such as moisture and volatile matter of the coal powder about to enter the nozzle are detected in real time; Using a high-temperature industrial camera and thermocouple located downstream of the nozzle, the flame morphology is captured and the flame stability index is calculated, as well as the outlet flue gas temperature is measured.

[0041] Step 2: Intelligent control module.

[0042] Based on the coal quality parameters at the inlet (moisture and volatile matter of raw coal), a set of initial operating settings (such as the initial power of the plasma generator and the initial throat opening) are quickly calculated and output from the existing preset lookup table. This step is adjusted in advance before the combustion effect is manifested to offset the physical inertia (lag) of the system and enable the system to quickly enter a near-optimal working range.

[0043] The execution layer is driven by the initial running setpoints, and the actual outlet combustion state parameters are collected after operation. The actual parameters are compared with the preset target parameters, and the comparison results are used as input to the intelligent algorithm. The fuzzy PID / model predictive control algorithm dynamically generates fine adjustment instructions, which are divided into two parts: plasma generator power setting instructions and variable throat actuator opening setting instructions. When combustion state parameters indicate unstable combustion, prioritize increasing plasma power and / or decreasing throat opening; while ensuring stable combustion, continuously seek optimization towards minimizing total system energy consumption. The system synchronously records the "optimal operating point" under different operating conditions to the self-learning knowledge base, continuously enriching the data reserves and providing a more accurate basis for setting the initial parameters of subsequent feedforward control, thus realizing the system's self-learning capability.

[0044] Step 3: Action Execution Unit.

[0045] The high-power plasma generator receives power adjustment signals from the controller and adjusts its output power in real time (e.g., stepless adjustment from 50% to 100%), changing the heat source intensity of the input nozzle. The variable throat actuator receives opening adjustment signals and drives the high-temperature resistant blades of the variable throat to change the opening angle, thereby steplessly adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle throat and changing the flow field morphology inside the nozzle and the exit jet velocity.

[0046] Step 4: Closed-loop feedback. The optimized nozzle outputs a stable and efficient combustion flame. The state of this flame is captured again by the sensing layer and fed back to the control layer, forming a continuous, closed-loop "monitoring-analysis-adjustment-optimization" cycle, ensuring that the system can dynamically track and adapt to any changes in operating conditions.

[0047] Example 6 This embodiment provides an intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking system based on multi-parameter feedback, comprising: The operating parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire the flame pattern and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle during the operation of the plasma burner. The index calculation unit is used to calculate the flame stability index based on the flame morphology. The operating parameter control unit is used to determine whether the combustion state inside the plasma burner is normal based on the flame stability index and flue gas temperature. If the combustion state inside the furnace is abnormal, it controls the throat opening of the contraction section and the operating power of the plasma burner.

[0048] Example 7 This embodiment also provides a computing device. The computing device includes a bus, a processor, a memory, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and communication interface communicate with each other via the bus. The computing device can be a server or a terminal device. It should be understood that this application does not limit the number of processors and memory in the computing device.

[0049] A bus can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, a bus can include a path for transmitting information between various components of a computing device (e.g., memory, processor, communication interfaces).

[0050] The processor may include any one or more of the following: central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), microprocessor (MP), or digital signal processor (DSP).

[0051] Memory can include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM). Processors can also include non-volatile memory. volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM). ROM (memory only), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid state drive (SSD).

[0052] The memory stores executable program code, which the processor executes to implement the functions of the aforementioned units, thereby achieving, for example, the method described in Embodiment 1. That is, the memory may store instructions for the methods and functions relating to the computing device in any of the above embodiments.

[0053] The communication interface uses transceiver modules such as, but not limited to, network interface cards and transceivers to enable communication between computing devices and other devices or communication networks.

[0054] Example 8 This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the methods and functions of the computing device involved in any of the above embodiments.

[0055] Generally, the various embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuitry, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects can be implemented in hardware, while others can be implemented in firmware or software, which can be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure are shown and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or represented using some other illustration, it should be understood that the blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques, or methods described herein can be implemented as, as non-limiting examples, in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuitry or logic, general-purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0056] Example 9 This embodiment provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as instructions included in program modules, which execute in a device on a target real or virtual processor to perform the processes / methods as described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functionality of program modules can be combined or divided among program modules as needed. The machine-executable instructions for the program modules can execute within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, the program modules can reside in both local and remote storage media.

[0057] Computer program code used to implement the methods of this disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages. This computer program code may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The program code may be executed entirely on a computer, partially on a computer, as a stand-alone software package, partially on a computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server.

[0058] In the context of this disclosure, computer program code or related data may be carried on any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus, or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, and so on. Examples of signals may include electrical, optical, radio, sound, or other forms of propagation signals, such as carrier waves, infrared signals, etc.

[0059] Computer-readable media can be any tangible medium that contains or stores programs for or relating to an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, or a data storage device such as a data center containing one or more available media. Computer-readable media can be computer-readable signal media or computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable media can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. More detailed examples of computer-readable storage media include electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0060] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A smart adaptive plasma coal cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback, characterized in that, The device includes a plasma nozzle, which has an internal flow channel. The internal flow channel includes a stepped expansion section, a stable transition section, and a contraction section connected in sequence, wherein the contraction section has a variable throat structure.

2. The intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contraction end includes multiple blades, each blade is fixedly mounted on a corresponding rotating shaft; all rotating shafts are evenly arranged in a ring along the central axis of the nozzle, and the non-fixed ends of each blade face the center of the nozzle in an encircling arrangement; All the free ends of the rotating shafts are connected to the connecting rods, which are driven by a driver. The driver drives the connecting rods to make circumferential linkage movements, thereby synchronously driving each rotating shaft to rotate, so as to realize the synchronous opening and closing of all the blades.

3. The intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an online coal quality monitor installed on the primary air duct to collect coal quality parameters at the plasma burner inlet.

4. The intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking device based on multi-parameter feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a camera and thermocouple installed downstream of the plasma nozzle to collect the flame pattern and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle.

5. A smart adaptive plasma coal cracking method based on multi-parameter feedback, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The flame pattern and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle are obtained during the operation of the plasma burner. Calculate the flame stability index based on flame morphology; The combustion status inside the plasma burner is determined based on the flame stability index and flue gas temperature. If the combustion status inside the furnace is abnormal, the throat opening of the contraction section is controlled.

6. The intelligent adaptive plasma coal cracking method based on multi-parameter feedback according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before the plasma burner is put into operation, the coal quality parameters at the inlet of the plasma burner are obtained, and the initial power and throat opening of the initial contraction section of the plasma burner are obtained from a preset lookup table based on the coal quality parameters.

7. A smart adaptive plasma coal cracking system based on multi-parameter feedback, characterized in that, include: The operating parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire the flame pattern and flue gas temperature at the plasma nozzle during the operation of the plasma burner. The index calculation unit is used to calculate the flame stability index based on the flame morphology. The operating parameter control unit is used to determine whether the combustion state inside the plasma burner is normal based on the flame stability index and flue gas temperature. If the combustion state inside the furnace is abnormal, it controls the throat opening of the contraction section and the operating power of the plasma burner.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the electronic device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions that, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

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