A civil engineering road and bridge surveying device
By designing a road and bridge surveying device with trampling, extension, positioning, and maintenance mechanisms, the stability and accuracy issues of RTK surveying instruments during surveying were solved, enabling efficient surveying and protection of inner poles in complex environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 蒋斌
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing RTK surveying instruments suffer from poor stability of the outer rod during surveying, making it prone to shaking and affecting accuracy; surveying in complex environments is inconvenient, and the marking of measurement points is unclear, requiring multiple remeasurements and wasting time; the inner rod and middle rod suffer from severe wear, affecting their service life.
A road and bridge surveying device was designed, comprising a stepping mechanism, an extension mechanism, a positioning mechanism, a marking mechanism, and a maintenance mechanism. The stepping mechanism increases the stability of the outer pole, the extension mechanism expands the operating range, the marking mechanism clarifies the survey points, and the maintenance mechanism protects the inner pole, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the survey.
It improves the stability and accuracy of RTK surveyors in complex environments, simplifies the marking of measurement points, reduces the number of re-measurements, and extends the service life of the inner rod.
Smart Images
Figure CN122108074A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of road and bridge surveying technology, specifically a road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering. Background Technology
[0002] Surveying mainly involves on-site investigation and measurement, primarily used to obtain detailed information about natural conditions such as topography, geology, and hydrology, as well as the engineering and construction environment. High-tech methods can be used for geological exploration of minerals, roads, and bridges. Surveying equipment includes levels, theodolites, total stations, and RTK-GNSS receivers. Total stations and RTK-GNSS receivers, also known as RTK surveying instruments, mainly consist of a GNSS antenna unit, a camera, a support frame, and a handheld device. When surveying roads, bridges, or mineral geology, hold the outer rod of the RTK surveying instrument, aligning the bottom of the rod with the marked point, ensuring the entire device is level before measurement. Parameters or measurement data can be recorded in the handheld device.
[0003] However, currently, when using RTK surveying equipment to survey roads, bridges, and mines, surveyors typically need to hold the outer pole while inputting parameters and survey data into a handheld device. The bottom of the outer pole is generally conical, resulting in a small contact area with the ground and poor stability. Furthermore, the lack of auxiliary stabilizing components on the outer pole, relying solely on a single hand grip, easily causes it to sway during surveying, leading to overall unevenness, affecting survey accuracy, and causing construction errors. Currently, when using RTK surveying equipment to survey roads, bridges, and mines, if the marker point is located in water or outside a guardrail, the outer pole... The lack of an extension mechanism on the pole makes it inconvenient to use the RTK surveyor in complex environments, such as when mapping water features or guardrail markers on flat areas. Multiple measurements and re-measurements are typically required when surveying roads, bridges, and mines. Although the data is stored in the handbook, the lack of special marking of survey points during measurement necessitates repeated communication among construction personnel, wasting time. Furthermore, the RTK surveyor's center and inner poles require pulling during measurement, and the absence of a maintenance mechanism between them easily leads to wear or rust on the outer scale of the inner pole, affecting its pulling and making adjustment difficult. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering, comprising an outer rod and a surveying mechanism installed on the outer rod. The outer rod is equipped with a stepping mechanism, an extension mechanism, and a positioning mechanism. The stepping mechanism includes a sliding groove. Two sliding grooves are opened opposite each other on the side wall of the outer rod. A movable frame is slidably connected to the outer rod. Two protrusions are fixedly connected opposite each other to the inner side of the movable frame. The two protrusions are slidably connected to the two sliding grooves. A pedal is rotatably connected to the side wall of the movable frame. The extension mechanism includes a socket. A socket is fixedly connected to the end of the pedal. A fixed seat located above the movable frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer rod. An insertion hole is opened on the fixed seat. The socket is inserted into the insertion hole. An extension rod is threadedly connected to the mounting hole.
[0006] Specifically, the pedal mechanism also includes a limiting block, which is fixedly connected to the moving frame, and the surface of the limiting block abuts against the bottom of the pedal.
[0007] Specifically, the extension rod is perpendicular to the pedal, and the mounting hole is located at the center of the pedal.
[0008] Specifically, the positioning mechanism includes a sliding shell, the bottom of the outer rod is slidably connected to the sliding shell, a second spring is clamped between the sliding shell and the outer rod, the bottom of the sliding shell is threadedly connected to a positioning seat, the sliding shell has a hexagonal prism structure, and the bottom of the positioning seat has a conical structure.
[0009] Specifically, the surveying mechanism includes an inner rod, an inner rod that is slidably connected to the inner rod inside the outer rod, a fixing clamp one that is fixedly connected to the outer rod, a fixing clamp three that is fixedly connected to the fixing clamp one, the inner rod being clamped inside the fixing clamp three, a fixing clamp two that is installed on the outer rod, a fixing frame that is fixedly connected to the fixing clamp two, a handheld device that is clamped on the fixing frame, and knobs that are threaded onto the moving frame, the fixing clamp one, the fixing clamp two, the fixing clamp three, and the fixing frame. The inner rod has equidistant scale lines, a surveying instrument that is installed on the inner rod, a camera that is installed on the surveying instrument, and a level that is installed on the fixing clamp three.
[0010] Specifically, two marking mechanisms are installed opposite each other on the movable frame. Each marking mechanism includes two side plates. The side walls of the movable frame are fixedly connected to the two side plates. A storage cylinder is fixedly connected to each of the two side plates. A sealing cap is threaded onto the storage cylinder. A discharge port penetrating the bottom of the side plate is opened at the bottom of the storage cylinder. A gate plate located at the bottom of the discharge port is slidably connected to each of the two side plates. The two storage cylinders are arranged parallel to the outer rod.
[0011] Specifically, the marking mechanism also includes a spring, which is held between the two gates and the side plate, and both ends of the gates are L-shaped.
[0012] Specifically, the two side plates are of equal thickness, and the bottom of the two side plates is flush with the bottom of the movable frame.
[0013] Specifically, a maintenance mechanism is installed on the fixing clamp three. The maintenance mechanism includes a spray ring. The fixing clamp three is equipped with a spray ring. The spray ring has multiple spray holes that are equidistant from the inner rod. A connecting pipe that penetrates the fixing clamp three is fixedly connected to the side wall of the spray ring.
[0014] Specifically, the maintenance mechanism also includes a protective cover, and the inner rod is slidably connected to the protective cover located above the fixing clamp three, and the top of the spray ring is lower than the surface of the fixing clamp three.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering described in this invention includes a stepping mechanism and a positioning mechanism installed on the outer pole. When conducting geological surveys of roads and bridges using advanced technology, workers locate the survey point at the road or bridge foundation pile pouring site. During the survey, one hand holds the outer pole, and the center position of the survey point is found through the positioning seat. The other hand can input parameters on the handheld device, moving the moving frame to the bottom of the sliding groove. At this time, the bottom of the moving frame is flush with the bottom of the outer pole. Stepping on the pedal causes the sliding shell to retract into the outer pole, and the spring retracts. Furthermore, the positioning seat is also retracted into the outer pole. At this time, the bottom of the outer pole and the moving frame simultaneously contact the ground. Stepping on the pedal increases the vertical stability of the outer pole 1, which is beneficial for the horizontality of the entire device. This avoids the shaking of the entire device caused by one hand operating the handheld device and the other hand holding the outer pole during the survey, which would affect the accuracy of the survey.
[0016] 2. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering described in this invention has an extension mechanism installed on the outer pole. When the survey point is located outside the fence or in a water-filled area, the moving frame is moved upward, and the pedal is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise to make the pedal parallel to the outer pole. Further, the socket on the pedal is aligned with the insertion hole on the fixed seat, the moving frame is moved upward and fixed. At this time, the pedal is limited between the moving frame and the fixed seat. The extension rod is threaded to the mounting hole on the pedal (the extension rod can be very long, only a section of its length is shown in the figure). This allows for remote control of the outer pole, ensuring that the outer pole is vertical, and enabling surveying or re-surveying of survey points outside water-filled areas and fences. This facilitates the use of this device in complex environments.
[0017] 3. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering described in this invention has two marking mechanisms on both sides of the moving frame. During surveying, the moving frame is at the lowest point of the chute, and the two storage cylinders are close to the ground. The two storage cylinders can be filled with different colored lime. Whether it is a survey or a re-survey, the operator can mark the survey points with different colored lime in the two storage cylinders according to the detection situation. Different colored lime indicates different survey conditions, which is conducive to the construction personnel to observe the survey and re-survey information in a timely manner without the need for repeated confirmation.
[0018] 4. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering described in this invention has a maintenance mechanism installed on the fixing clamp. During surveying, the inner rod needs to be pulled frequently to adjust the height of the surveying instrument, which will cause the scale lines on the inner rod to wear and rust, affecting the pulling of the inner rod. Teflon spray can be connected to the connecting pipe periodically, and the Teflon spray can be sprayed into the inside of the spray ring, and then sprayed onto the inner rod from the spray hole to achieve lubrication of the inner rod and the outer rod. It will not leave oil-like residue and can avoid the adhesion of debris. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the outer rod, inner rod, fixing clamp one, and fixing clamp three of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the fixing clamp, level, and inner rod of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the outer rod, the movable frame, and the side plate of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the movable frame, pedal, fixed base and extension rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the pedal, socket, and mounting hole of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the outer rod, slide groove, and positioning seat of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the sliding shell, outer rod, spring 2 and positioning seat of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shown is an enlarged view of the structure of part A. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the movable frame, limiting block and pedal of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the outer rod, pedal, and storage tube of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the fixing clamp, spray ring, and spray hole of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the spray ring, connecting pipe and spray hole of the present invention.
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Outer rod; 2. Surveying mechanism; 201. Inner rod; 202. Surveying instrument; 203. Scale line; 204. Fixing clamp one; 205. Fixing clamp two; 206. Fixing frame; 207. Handbook; 208. Fixing clamp three; 209. Camera; 210. Level; 3. Stepping mechanism; 301. Pedal; 302. Slide groove; 303. Moving frame; 304. Limiting block; 305. Protrusion; 4. Extension mechanism; 401. Extension 402. Extension rod; 403. Fixing base; 404. Insertion hole; 405. Socket; 406. Mounting hole; 5. Marking mechanism; 501. Side plate; 502. Storage tube; 503. Sealing cover; 504. Gate plate; 505. Discharge port; 506. Spring one; 6. Positioning mechanism; 601. Positioning seat; 602. Sliding shell; 603. Spring two; 7. Maintenance mechanism; 701. Protective cover; 702. Spray ring; 703. Spray hole; 704. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0023] like Figures 1-13As shown, the road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering of the present invention includes an outer pole 1, a surveying mechanism 2 installed on the outer pole 1, a stepping mechanism 3, an extension mechanism 4, and a positioning mechanism 6 installed on the outer pole 1; the stepping mechanism 3 includes a slide groove 302, two slide grooves 302 are opened opposite each other on the side wall of the outer pole 1, a movable frame 303 is slidably connected to the outer pole 1, two protrusions 305 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable frame 303, the two protrusions 305 are slidably connected to the two slide grooves 302, and a pedal 301 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the movable frame 303; the extension mechanism 4... The pedal mechanism 3 includes a socket 404, which is fixedly connected to the end of the pedal 301. A fixed base 402 located above the moving frame 303 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer rod 1. The fixed base 402 has an insertion hole 403, and the socket 404 is inserted into the insertion hole 403. The pedal 301 has a mounting hole 405, and an extension rod 401 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 405. The pedal mechanism 3 also includes a limiting block 304, which is fixedly connected to the moving frame 303. The surface of the limiting block 304 abuts against the bottom of the pedal 301. The extension rod 401 and the pedal 301 are connected to each other. The outer rod 1 is vertically arranged with the mounting hole 405 located at the center of the pedal 301; the positioning mechanism 6 includes a sliding shell 602, which is slidably connected to the bottom of the outer rod 1, and a second spring 603 is clamped between the sliding shell 602 and the outer rod 1. The bottom of the sliding shell 602 is threadedly connected to a positioning seat 601. The sliding shell 602 has a hexagonal prism structure, and the bottom of the positioning seat 601 has a conical structure; the surveying mechanism 2 includes an inner rod 201, which is slidably connected to the inside of the outer rod 1. A first fixing clamp 204 is fixedly connected to the outer rod 1, and a fixing clip is fixedly connected to the first fixing clamp 204. The inner rod 201 is clamped inside the fixed clamp 208. The outer rod 1 is equipped with a fixed clamp 205. A fixed frame 206 is fixedly connected to the fixed clamp 205. A handheld device 207 is clamped on the fixed frame 206. A knob is threaded onto the movable frame 303, the fixed clamp 1 204, the fixed clamp 205, the fixed clamp 3 208, and the fixed frame 206. The inner rod 201 is provided with scale lines 203 at equal intervals. A surveying instrument 202 is installed on the inner rod 201. A camera 209 is installed on the surveying instrument 202. A level 210 is installed on the fixed clamp 3 208.When conducting geological surveys of roads and bridges using advanced technology, observe whether the positioning seat 601 extends. Loosen the knob on the fixing clamp 3 208. Since the inner rod 201 is slidably connected inside the outer rod 1, the inner rod 201 can be moved up and down to the required survey height. Observe the scale line 203 on the inner rod 201 to accurately control the height. After adjusting the height, tighten the knob on the fixing clamp 3 208 to fix the inner rod 201 at that height. Loosen the knob on the fixing clamp 205, place the handheld device 207 in a suitable position inside the fixing frame 206, and tighten the knob on the fixing clamp 205 to firmly clamp the handheld device 207 onto the fixing frame 206, facilitating the surveyors to view and record data, and ensuring the stability of the surveying instrument 202 and camera 2. 09. Install the device in the correct position on the inner rod 201 and ensure a secure connection. Turn on the surveying instrument 202 and camera 209 to check if they are working properly, such as whether the camera 209 image is clear. Observe the level 210 installed on the fixing clamp 208. Based on the display of the level 210, fine-tune the position of the device or the height of the inner rod 201 to ensure the device is level and to guarantee the accuracy of the survey data. Then, the staff finds the survey point at the road or bridge foundation pile pouring site. During the survey, hold the outer rod 1 with one hand and find the center position of the survey point through the positioning seat 601. The other hand can input parameters on the handbook 207 and move the moving frame 303 to the bottom of the slide 302. Since the inner side of the moving frame 303 is designed with... With protrusion 305, the bottom of the moving frame 303 is flush with the bottom of the outer rod 1. Stepping on the pedal 301 causes the sliding shell 602 to retract into the outer rod 1, the spring 603 retracts, and the positioning seat 601 is also retracted into the outer rod 1. Note that when adjusting the inner rod 201, the length of the positioning seat 601 must be deducted, because the positioning seat 601 has been pressed into the outer rod 1. At this time, the bottom of the outer rod 1 and the moving frame 303 are in contact with the ground, increasing the fixed position of the outer rod 1. Stepping on the pedal 301 increases the vertical stability of the outer rod 1, which is beneficial for the horizontality of the entire device. This avoids the problem of the entire device shaking when one hand is operating the handheld device 207 and the other hand is holding the outer rod 1 during the survey, which would affect the survey. The accuracy of the measurement; when the survey point is located outside the fence or in a watery area, the moving frame 303 is moved upward, and the pedal 301 is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise to make the pedal 301 parallel to the outer rod 1. Further, the socket 404 on the pedal 301 is aligned with the insertion hole 403 on the fixed base 402. The moving frame 303 is then moved upward and fixed. At this time, the pedal 301 is limited between the moving frame 303 and the fixed base 402. The extension rod 401 is threaded into the mounting hole 405 on the pedal 301 (the extension rod 401 can be very long; only a section is shown in the figure). This allows for remote control of the outer rod 1, ensuring that the outer rod 1 is vertical, and enabling surveying or re-surveying of survey points outside the watery area and fence. This facilitates the use of this device in complex environments.
[0024] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, two marking mechanisms 5 are installed opposite each other on the moving frame 303. Each marking mechanism 5 includes two side plates 501. The side walls of the moving frame 303 are fixedly connected to the two side plates 501. A storage cylinder 502 is fixedly connected to each side plate 501, and a sealing cap 503 is threaded onto each storage cylinder 502. A discharge port 505 penetrating the bottom of the side plate 501 is opened at the bottom of the storage cylinder 502. A gate plate 504 located at the bottom of the discharge port 505 is slidably connected to each side plate 501. The two storage cylinders 502 are arranged parallel to the outer rod 1. The marking mechanism 5 also includes a spring 506. A spring 506 is clamped between each of the two gate plates 504 and the side plates 501. Both ends of the gate plates 504 have an L-shaped structure. The two side plates 501 have equal thickness, and their bottoms are flush with the bottom of the moving frame 303. Before the survey, the storage cylinder 502 is opened... The sealing cap 503 is used to fill the storage cylinder 502 with the marking material (such as chalk dust, lime powder, etc.), and then the sealing cap 503 is tightened. During the survey, the moving frame 303 is at the lowest point of the slide 302, and the two storage cylinders 502 are close to the ground. Whether it is a survey or a re-survey, the operator can mark the survey point with different colored lime inside the two storage cylinders 502 according to the test results. Different colored limes indicate different survey conditions. When the different colored limes inside the storage cylinders 502 are opened and poured into the survey point, the survey condition is confirmed, the corresponding colored lime is selected, and the gate 504 located on the side plate 501 is pulled. The spring 506 retracts, and at this time the gate 504 no longer blocks the discharge port 505. The lime inside the storage cylinders 502 is poured into the survey point, which is conducive to the construction personnel to observe the survey and re-survey information in a timely manner without the need for repeated confirmation.
[0025] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, a maintenance mechanism 7 is installed on the fixing clamp 208. The maintenance mechanism 7 includes a spray ring 702, which is installed on the fixing clamp 208. The spray ring 702 has multiple spray holes 703 equidistantly arranged on it, opposite to the inner rod 201. A connecting pipe 704 that penetrates the fixing clamp 208 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the spray ring 702. The maintenance mechanism 7 also includes a protective cover 701, which is slidably connected to the inner rod 201 and is located above the fixing clamp 208. The top of the spray ring 702 is lower than the surface of the fixing clamp 208. Frequent maintenance is required during surveying. Adjusting the height of the surveying instrument 202 by pulling the inner rod 201 can cause wear and rust on the scale lines 203 on the inner rod 201, affecting the pulling of the inner rod 201. Teflon spray can be periodically connected to the connecting tube 704, and the Teflon spray can be sprayed into the inside of the spray ring 702. Then the spray is sprayed onto the inner rod 201 from the spray hole 703, which can lubricate the inner rod 201 and the outer rod 1. It will not leave oil-like residue, which can avoid the adhesion of debris. The equidistant spray holes 703 can improve the lubrication effect on the inner rod 201 and the outer rod 1.
[0026] In use, firstly, when conducting geological surveys of roads and bridges using advanced technology, observe whether the positioning seat 601 extends. Loosen the knob on the fixing clamp three 208. Since the inner rod 201 is slidably connected inside the outer rod 1, the inner rod 201 can be moved up and down to the required survey height. Observe the scale line 203 on the inner rod 201 to accurately control the height. After adjusting the height, tighten the knob on the fixing clamp three 208 to fix the inner rod 201 at that height. Loosen the knob on the fixing clamp two 205, place the handheld device 207 in a suitable position inside the fixing frame 206, and tighten the knob on the fixing clamp two 205 to firmly clamp the handheld device 207 onto the fixing frame 206. This facilitates the surveyors to view and record data, ensuring the survey is completed smoothly. The surveying instrument 202 and camera 209 are installed in the correct position on the inner rod 201 and are securely connected. The surveying instrument 202 and camera 209 are turned on to check their normal operation, such as whether the camera 209 image is clear. The level 210 installed on the fixing clamp 208 is observed. Based on the level 210's display, the position of the device or the height of the inner rod 201 is finely adjusted to ensure the device is level, guaranteeing the accuracy of the survey data. Then, the worker locates the survey point at the road or bridge foundation pile pouring site. During the survey, one hand holds the outer rod 1, and the center position of the survey point is found through the positioning seat 601. The other hand can input parameters on the handbook 207. The moving frame 303 is moved to the bottom of the slide 302. Because the moving frame 3... The inner side of the 03 has a protrusion 305. At this time, the bottom of the moving frame 303 is flush with the bottom of the outer rod 1. Stepping on the pedal 301 causes the sliding shell 602 to retract into the outer rod 1, the spring 603 retracts, and the positioning seat 601 is also retracted into the outer rod 1. Note that when adjusting the inner rod 201, the length of the positioning seat 601 must be deducted because the positioning seat 601 has been pressed into the outer rod 1. At this time, the bottom of the outer rod 1 and the moving frame 303 are in contact with the ground, increasing the fixed position of the outer rod 1. Stepping on the pedal 301 increases the vertical stability of the outer rod 1, which is beneficial for the horizontality of the entire device and avoids the whole device shaking when operating the handbook 207 with one hand and holding the outer rod 1 with the other hand during the survey. This affects the accuracy of the survey. When the survey point is located outside the fence or in a watery area, the moving frame 303 is moved upward, and the pedal 301 is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise to make the pedal 301 parallel to the outer rod 1. Then, the socket 404 on the pedal 301 is aligned with the insertion hole 403 on the fixed base 402. The moving frame 303 is moved upward and fixed. At this time, the pedal 301 is limited between the moving frame 303 and the fixed base 402. The extension rod 401 is threaded to the mounting hole 405 on the pedal 301 (the extension rod 401 can be very long, only a section of its length is shown in the figure). This allows for remote control of the outer rod 1, ensuring that the outer rod 1 is vertical, and enabling the survey or re-survey of the survey points outside the water and fence. This is beneficial for using this device in complex environments. Then, before the survey, open the sealing cover 503 on the collection cylinder 502, put the marking material (such as chalk dust, lime powder, etc.) into the collection cylinder 502, and then tighten the sealing cover 503. During the survey, the moving frame 303 is at the lowest point of the slide 302, and the two collection cylinders 502 are close to the ground. Whether it is a survey or a re-survey, the operator can mark the survey point with different colored lime inside the two collection cylinders 502 according to the test situation. Different colored limes indicate different survey situations. When opening the different colored limes inside the collection cylinders 502 and pouring them into the survey point, confirm the survey situation, select the corresponding colored lime, pull the gate 504 located on the side plate 501, and the spring 506 retracts. At this time, the gate 504 no longer blocks the discharge port 505, and the lime inside the collection cylinder 502 is poured into the survey point, which is conducive to the construction personnel to observe the survey and re-survey information in a timely manner without the need for repeated confirmation. Finally, during the survey, the inner rod 201 needs to be pulled frequently to adjust the height of the surveying instrument 202, which will cause the scale lines 203 on the inner rod 201 to wear and rust, affecting the pulling of the inner rod 201. Teflon spray can be connected to the connecting pipe 704 periodically, and the Teflon spray can be sprayed into the inside of the spray ring 702. Then the spray is sprayed from the spray hole 703 onto the inner rod 201, which can lubricate the inner rod 201 and the outer rod 1. It will not leave oil-like residue, which can avoid the adhesion of debris. Moreover, the equidistant spray holes 703 can improve the lubrication effect on the inner rod 201 and the outer rod 1.
[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
[0028] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering, comprising an outer pole (1) and a surveying mechanism (2) mounted on the outer pole (1), characterized in that: The outer rod (1) is equipped with a stepping mechanism (3), an extension mechanism (4) and a positioning mechanism (6). The pedal mechanism (3) includes a slide groove (302). Two slide grooves (302) are opened opposite each other on the side wall of the outer rod (1). A movable frame (303) is slidably connected to the outer rod (1). Two protrusions (305) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable frame (303). The two protrusions (305) are slidably connected to the two slide grooves (302). A pedal (301) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the movable frame (303). The extension mechanism (4) includes... The socket (404) is fixedly connected to the end of the pedal (301). The side wall of the outer rod (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed seat (402) located above the moving frame (303). The fixed seat (402) has a socket (403) and the socket (404) is inserted into the socket (403). The pedal (301) has a mounting hole (405) and an extension rod (401) is threaded onto the mounting hole (405).
2. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pedal mechanism (3) also includes a limiting block (304), which is fixedly connected to the moving frame (303), and the surface of the limiting block (304) abuts against the bottom of the pedal (301).
3. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension rod (401) is perpendicularly positioned between the pedal (301), and the mounting hole (405) is located at the center of the pedal (301).
4. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (6) includes a sliding shell (602), the bottom of the outer rod (1) is slidably connected to the sliding shell (602), a second spring (603) is held between the sliding shell (602) and the outer rod (1), the bottom of the sliding shell (602) is threadedly connected to a positioning seat (601), the sliding shell (602) has a hexagonal prism structure, and the bottom of the positioning seat (601) has a conical structure.
5. A road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surveying mechanism (2) includes an inner rod (201), which is slidably connected to the inner rod (201) inside the outer rod (1). A fixing clamp one (204) is fixedly connected to the outer rod (1), and a fixing clamp three (208) is fixedly connected to the fixing clamp one (204). The inner rod (201) is clamped inside the fixing clamp three (208). A fixing clamp two (205) is installed on the outer rod (1), and a fixing frame (206) is fixedly connected to the fixing clamp two (205). A handbook (207) is held in the frame (206). The movable frame (303), fixed clamp one (204), fixed clamp two (205), fixed clamp three (208) and fixed frame (206) are all threaded with knobs. The inner rod (201) is provided with scale lines (203) at equal intervals. The inner rod (201) is equipped with a surveying instrument (202). The surveying instrument (202) is equipped with a camera (209). The fixed clamp three (208) is equipped with a level (210).
6. The road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two marking mechanisms (5) are installed opposite each other on the movable frame (303). The marking mechanism (5) includes two side plates (501). The side wall of the movable frame (303) is fixedly connected to two side plates (501). A storage cylinder (502) is fixedly connected to each of the two side plates (501). A sealing cap (503) is threaded onto the storage cylinder (502). A discharge port (505) penetrating the bottom of the side plate (501) is opened at the bottom of the storage cylinder (502). A gate plate (504) located at the bottom of the discharge port (505) is slidably connected to each of the two side plates (501). The two storage cylinders (502) are arranged parallel to the outer rod (1).
7. A road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The marking mechanism (5) also includes a spring (506), and the spring (506) is held between the two gates (504) and the side plate (501). Both ends of the gates (504) are L-shaped.
8. A road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two side plates (501) are of equal thickness, and the bottom of the two side plates (501) is flush with the bottom of the movable frame (303).
9. A road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: A maintenance mechanism (7) is installed on the fixed clamp three (208). The maintenance mechanism (7) includes a spray ring (702). The spray ring (702) is installed on the fixed clamp three (208). The spray ring (702) is provided with a plurality of spray holes (703) that are equidistant from the inner rod (201). A connecting pipe (704) that penetrates the fixed clamp three (208) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the spray ring (702).
10. A road and bridge surveying device for civil engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The maintenance mechanism (7) also includes a protective cover (701), on which the inner rod (201) is slidably connected a protective cover (701) located above the fixed clamp (208), and the top of the spray ring (702) is lower than the surface of the fixed clamp (208).