A detection device and method for phases and plug-in force of a motor train unit socket

Abstract

The application discloses a high-speed train socket phase and plug-in force comprehensive detection device, which comprises a device shell body; a quick plug module is internally installed in the device shell body; and a sensor fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the inside of the device shell body. The high-speed train socket phase and plug-in force comprehensive detection device and detection method integrate voltage / frequency measurement, phase detection and plug-in force measurement into a single portable device through integrated design, realize 'one plug and one screen display', save the trouble of carrying a multiset of tools such as a multimeter and a plug-in force tool for maintenance personnel, avoid high-intensity operations such as repeated bending and moving for debugging in a narrow space of a carriage, greatly improve the maintenance efficiency (76% less time-consuming compared with a traditional process), reduce the labor intensity, and effectively optimize the allocation of human resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-speed train socket status detection technology, specifically to a device and method for comprehensively detecting the phase and insertion / removal force of high-speed train sockets. Background Technology

[0002] As the core carrier of high-speed rail transportation, the safety and reliability of the electrical system inside the train carriages directly affect the quality of train operation and the travel experience of passengers. Power sockets, as key facilities to ensure passenger comfort, are widely distributed in areas such as business districts, first-class seats, second-class seats, dining cars, and washbasins in aisles. They cover two main types: national standard five-hole 10A (for charging personal electronic devices) and national standard three-hole 16A (for powering microwave ovens, refrigerators, etc.). The power for these sockets comes from the high-voltage contact network obtained by the train through the pantograph, and is then processed by the onboard transformer and rectifier. The inverter provides a stable single-phase AC power supply, and the socket circuit is independent of the train control system, ensuring that individual socket failures do not affect the safe operation of the train. However, in actual high-frequency use, the number of times the socket is plugged and unplugged per day far exceeds that of ordinary households, which can easily lead to wear and tear on the internal metal springs, reduced elasticity, and problems such as poor contact, localized overheating, or even burns. At the same time, although phase errors (reversed live and neutral wires, poor grounding) do not affect the power supply function, they can significantly increase the risk of electric shock to passengers. Therefore, regular testing of the socket phase and plugging / unplugging force has become a necessary part of the maintenance of the superstructure of the EMU. Based on the on-site survey and analysis of the work process steps, the current EMU power socket inspection and testing work has the following pain points: (1) Low maintenance efficiency and high labor intensity: Since EMU sockets are widely distributed in various areas of the carriage, some of the installation locations are particularly narrow and hidden (such as the bottom of the seat against the wall), it is difficult to manually inspect the sockets. The maintenance personnel need to carry a variety of tools and repeatedly bend over and shuttle between each seat or even in a narrow space. Not only is the workload high, but the maintenance quality is also easily affected by human factors. In addition, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive for the maintenance personnel to manually inspect each one. (1) Faced with the huge workload of hundreds of sockets, it is difficult to complete the comprehensive inspection in a timely and efficient manner; (2) Relying on manual judgment and subjective assumptions: maintenance personnel judge the ease of plugging and unplugging by their own senses, which depends on their experience and lacks practical and feasible assessment and quantification methods. There is a hidden danger of insufficient accuracy and standard consistency, and there is a safety risk of missed judgment or misjudgment; (3) Separating the detection items according to the train status makes it impossible to grasp the overall status of the sockets: voltage and phase detection need to be carried out when the train is powered, while plugging and unplugging force detection needs to be carried out when the train is de-powered. The process is cumbersome and inconvenient. For the multi-index correlation analysis of the same socket, in addition, due to the large number of sockets in the same train set, it is impossible to record and quantify the specific parameters of each socket, making it difficult to analyze the socket deterioration trend in a timely manner. Many socket faults can only be passively discovered after the fault becomes obvious during the maintenance process or after passenger complaints; (4) Traditional testing tools are backward and mechanical measurement methods are limited: although the phase detector can detect wiring errors, it cannot determine whether the plug contact clamping force is sufficient, and although the insertion and extraction force tool can read the insertion and extraction force value, it cannot be carried out simultaneously with electrical testing. In addition, the EMU socket testing mainly focuses on static and single indicators, such as whether the wiring phase is correct, whether the voltage is normal, and the subjective tightness of plug insertion and extraction. However, in the actual train operation, socket faults often show dynamic or hidden characteristics. For example, some sockets have normal voltage and correct connection during static testing, but may have poor contact under the vibration of train operation; or the socket can be inserted and extracted smoothly during static testing, but after a period of power-on heating, the contact resistance may increase, or even cause power outages and other faults. These potential problems are difficult to be discovered in a timely and effective manner with traditional simple maintenance methods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive testing device and method for the phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets, in order to solve the pain points mentioned in the background art, such as low maintenance efficiency, high labor intensity, reliance on manual judgment and subjective assumptions, inability to grasp the overall status of sockets by separating testing items according to the train status, and the limitations of traditional testing tools and mechanical measurement methods. This invention aims to eliminate maintenance risks and hidden dangers, improve maintenance accuracy, and enhance the standardization of operations. The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A comprehensive detection device for the phase and insertion / removal force of a high-speed train socket includes a housing. A quick-connect plug module is installed inside the housing. A sensor fixing bolt is threaded inside the housing. A secondary housing is installed on one side of the housing. A strain gauge force sensor is installed on one side of the secondary housing. A sensor fixing plate is installed on one side of the strain gauge force sensor. A signal converter and a lithium battery are installed on one side of the sensor fixing plate. A PLC circuit board is located on one side of the signal converter and lithium battery. A display screen is located on one side of the PLC circuit board. A housing cover is installed on one side of the secondary housing. A rocker switch is located above the housing cover, and a power indicator light is located below the housing cover. More preferably, a button is provided on one side of the PLC circuit board, and one end of the button passes through the device housing cover and extends to the outside of the device housing cover.

[0004] More preferably, a Bluetooth module is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, an optocoupler isolation module is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, an IPS interface is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a sensor interface is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a button is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a capacitor is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a boost chip is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a buzzer is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a Type-C charging interface is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a charging chip is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, a microcontroller is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, an operational amplifier chip is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board, and a voltage transformer is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board.

[0005] The testing method for the integrated testing device for the phase and insertion / removal force of high-speed train sockets includes the following steps: S1: Initial adaptation and calibration are completed by combining the device's hardware structure with the electrical control system's functions. First, it's necessary to confirm that the work vehicle is in a pantograph-powered state. This is because the device's voltage / frequency detection and phase detection functions rely on a powered socket environment. Only with power can a valid signal source be provided to the voltage transformer and phase detection circuit on the PLC circuit board, avoiding invalid detection data due to lack of power. Then, select the corresponding sub-device according to the type of socket to be tested (standard two-hole 10A, three-hole 10A, three-hole 16A). This operation is based on the device's design of "differentiated quick-connect plug modules + unified core electrical control platform." Different quick-connect plug modules can accurately match different socket layouts. The rigid connection between the sensor fixing bolts and the strain gauge force sensor ensures stable force signal transmission, while ensuring precise alignment between the plug's metal contacts and the socket electrodes to guarantee accurate electrical signal acquisition. Press and hold the button and rotate the toggle switch. After the power switch is turned on, the lithium battery supplies power to the PLC circuit board, strain gauge force sensor, IPS display, etc. through the power management circuit (including charging chip and boost chip). The power indicator light illuminates to indicate that the power supply is normal. The microcontroller starts the self-test program and sends an initialization command to the screen through the IPS interface, displaying "Please insert into the socket" synchronously. At this time, the upper and lower limit thresholds of the insertion and extraction force (default 5-17N) can be adjusted by the button. The button operation signal is transmitted to the microcontroller through the button, and the microcontroller adjusts the threshold parameters of the insertion and extraction force value feedback circuit and displays them on the screen in real time to ensure that the judgment standard meets the maintenance procedure. Finally, according to the guidance, the quick-connect plug module is inserted into the socket to be tested. During the insertion process, the positioning structure of the outer shell and the middle shell of the device ensures the stability of the plug and avoids the sensor force shift caused by the angle deviation, thus completing the entire process preparation before testing and ensuring that the hardware adaptation and parameter calibration meet the testing requirements. S2: After the quick-connect plug module is inserted into the socket, the PLC circuit board simultaneously starts the voltage / frequency detection circuit and the phase detection circuit: The voltage detection circuit collects the AC voltage signal between the live wire (L) and the neutral wire (N) through a voltage transformer, achieves high and low voltage isolation through an optocoupler isolation module (to ensure safety), and then transmits it to the microcontroller after amplification by an operational amplifier chip and filtering by a capacitor. The microcontroller calculates the effective voltage value according to "hardware attenuation + software algorithm" (based on the root mean square formula to process ADC sampling data); The frequency detection circuit calculates the frequency by identifying the zero-crossing time interval of the voltage signal and combining it with the microcontroller's timing function. Both values ​​are displayed in real time through the IPS interface; The phase detection circuit collects the voltage signal between the live, neutral, and ground wires through multiple sets of optocouplers. The optocouplers output logic level signals to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller judges "correct wiring" according to preset logic. The system identifies six states, including "missing ground wire." In case of an abnormality, a buzzer (sound pressure level ≥ 80dB) will sound an alarm, and the status text on the screen will display in red. After a short press of the button, the plug is pulled out at a consistent speed. The strain gauge force sensor deforms under pressure, causing an imbalance in the internal Wheatstone bridge, which outputs a weak signal. This signal is transmitted through the sensor interface to a signal converter (integrated conditioning module) for amplification and analog-to-digital conversion before being sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller calculates the peak insertion / extraction force according to the calibration coefficient and displays it (green for normal, red for exceeding limits). An alarm is triggered if the limit is exceeded. After the test is complete, a short press of the button can reset the system (clearing data and returning the screen to its initial state) or initiate Bluetooth transmission (a reserved function to transmit socket number, test time, and other data to a handheld terminal). This system covers the entire process of socket parameter detection, analysis, display, alarm, and data processing, ensuring precise control at each stage and achieving standardized and intelligent maintenance. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention integrates three core functions—voltage / frequency measurement, phase detection, and insertion / removal force measurement—into a single portable device through an integrated design. This completely changes the cumbersome traditional maintenance process of switching between multiple tools and detecting the status (power on / off) of different train groups. Relying on an STM32 microcontroller control core, along with components such as strain gauge force sensors, optocoupler isolation modules, and IPS displays, it achieves "one-plug-and-test, one-screen display of all parameters." This not only eliminates the hassle of maintenance personnel carrying multiple sets of tools such as multimeters, phase detectors, and insertion / removal force fixtures, but also avoids the high-intensity operation of repeatedly bending over and moving around to adjust in the narrow space of the train car, significantly improving maintenance efficiency (reducing time by 76% compared to the traditional process) and reducing labor intensity. The maintenance of all the sockets in a train, which originally required four people, can now be completed efficiently by only one person, effectively optimizing the allocation of human resources.

[0006] This invention effectively eliminates the potential errors associated with traditional maintenance methods that rely on subjective human judgment through precise quantitative detection and intelligent discrimination technologies. For insertion / extraction force measurement, an S-shaped miniature tension / compression sensor (measurement accuracy ±0.5N) combined with a signal conditioning module is used to achieve objective quantitative acquisition of insertion / extraction force, replacing the arbitrariness of manual judgment. For electrical parameter detection, a voltage transformer and phase detection circuit (capable of identifying 6 types of wiring abnormalities) ensure the accuracy of voltage / frequency and phase status judgments, with a response time ≤1s. Simultaneously, the device supports customizable insertion / extraction force thresholds; when parameters are abnormal, a buzzer and a red warning light on the screen trigger an alarm, avoiding missed detections and misjudgments. Furthermore, a reserved Bluetooth 4.2 module supports wireless transmission of detection data, laying the foundation for subsequent socket performance degradation trend analysis and the construction of big data for condition-based maintenance. This promotes the transformation of EMU socket maintenance from "routine maintenance" to "data-driven precision maintenance," combining technological innovation with practical application in the field. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the maintenance operation process of the present invention.

[0007] The accompanying figures are labeled as follows: 1-Device housing; 2-Quick-connect plug module; 3-Sensor mounting bolt; 4-Device inner housing; 5-Strain gauge force sensor; 6-Sensor mounting plate; 7-Signal converter and lithium battery; 8-PLC circuit board; 801-Bluetooth module; 802-Optical isolation module; 803-IPS interface; 804-Sensor interface; 805-Button; 806-Capacitor; 807-Boost chip; 808-Buzzer; 809-Type C charging interface; 810-Charging chip; 811-Microcontroller; 812-Operating amplifier chip; 813-Voltage transformer; 9-Display screen; 10-Device housing cover; 11-Rocker switch; 12-Power indicator light; 13-Button. Detailed Implementation

[0008] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0009] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0010] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0011] Please see Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a comprehensive detection device for the phase and insertion / extraction force of a high-speed train socket, including a device housing 1; a quick-connect plug module 2 is installed inside the device housing 1, a sensor fixing bolt 3 is threadedly connected inside the device housing 1, and a device inner shell 4 is installed on one side of the device housing 1. A strain gauge force sensor 5 is installed on one side of the housing 4 in the device. A sensor mounting plate 6 is installed on one side of the strain gauge force sensor 5. A signal converter and a lithium battery 7 are installed on one side of the sensor mounting plate 6. A PLC circuit board 8 is provided on one side of the signal converter and lithium battery 7, and a display screen 9 is provided on one side of the PLC circuit board 8. A device housing cover 10 is installed on one side of the housing 4 in the device. A rocker switch 11 is provided above the device housing cover 10, and a power indicator light 12 is provided below the device housing cover 10.

[0012] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a button 13 is provided on one side of the PLC circuit board 8. One end of the button 13 passes through the device housing cover 10 and extends to the outside of the device housing cover 10.

[0013] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a Bluetooth module 801, an optocoupler isolation module 802, an IPS interface 803, a sensor interface 804, a button 805, a capacitor 806, a boost chip 807, a buzzer 808, a Type-C charging interface 809, a charging chip 810, a microcontroller 811, an operational amplifier chip 812, and a voltage transformer 813 are all fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board 8. The testing method for the integrated testing device for the phase and insertion / removal force of high-speed train sockets includes the following steps: S1: Initial adaptation and calibration are completed by combining the device's hardware structure with the electrical control system's functions. First, it's necessary to confirm that the work vehicle is in a pantograph-powered state. This is because the device's voltage / frequency detection and phase detection functions rely on a powered socket environment. Only when the socket is powered can it provide a valid signal source for the voltage transformer 813 and phase detection circuit on the PLC circuit board 8, avoiding invalid detection data due to lack of power. Then, select the corresponding sub-device according to the type of socket to be tested (standard two-hole 10A, three-hole 10A, three-hole 16A). This operation is based on the device's design of "differentiated quick-connect plug module 2 + unified core electrical control platform." Different quick-connect plug modules 2 can accurately match different socket layouts. The rigid connection between the sensor fixing bolt 3 and the strain gauge force sensor 5 ensures stable force signal transmission, while ensuring precise docking between the plug's metal contacts and the socket electrodes to guarantee accurate electrical signal acquisition. After pressing and holding button 13 and toggling the rocker switch 11 to power on, the lithium battery powers through the power supply tube. The circuit, including the charging chip 810 and the boost chip 807, supplies power to the PLC circuit board 8, strain gauge force sensor 5, IPS display screen 9, etc. The power indicator light 12 illuminates to indicate that the power supply is normal. The microcontroller 811 starts the self-test program and sends an initialization command to the screen through the IPS interface 803, displaying "Please insert the socket" synchronously. At this time, the upper and lower limit thresholds of the insertion and extraction force (default 5-17N) are adjusted by the button 13. The operation signal of the button 13 is transmitted to the microcontroller 811 through the button 805. The microcontroller 811 adjusts the threshold parameters of the insertion and extraction force value feedback circuit and displays them on the screen in real time to ensure that the judgment standard meets the maintenance procedure. Finally, according to the guidance, the quick-connect plug module 2 is inserted into the socket to be tested. During the insertion process, the positioning structure of the outer shell 1 and the middle shell of the device ensures the stability of the plug and avoids the sensor force deviation caused by the angle deviation, thus completing the entire process preparation before the test and ensuring that the hardware adaptation and parameter calibration meet the test requirements. S2: After the quick-connect plug module 2 is inserted into the socket, the PLC circuit board 8 synchronously starts the voltage / frequency detection circuit and the phase detection circuit: The voltage detection circuit collects the AC voltage signal between the live wire (L) and the neutral wire (N) through the voltage transformer 813, achieves high and low voltage isolation through the optocoupler isolation module 802 (to ensure safety), and then transmits it to the microcontroller 811 after being amplified by the operational amplifier chip 812 and filtered by the capacitor 806. The microcontroller 811 calculates the effective voltage value according to the "hardware attenuation + software algorithm" (based on the root mean square formula to process ADC sampling data); The frequency detection circuit calculates the frequency by identifying the zero-crossing time interval of the voltage signal and combining it with the timing function of the microcontroller 811. The two values ​​are displayed in real time through the IPS interface 803; The phase detection circuit collects the voltage signal between the live, neutral, and ground wires through multiple sets of optocouplers. The optocouplers output logic level signals to the microcontroller 811, and the microcontroller 811... The system judges six states, including "correct wiring" and "missing ground wire," based on preset logic. In case of an abnormality, the buzzer 808 (sound pressure level ≥ 80dB) will sound an alarm and the status text on the screen will turn red. After briefly pressing button 13, the plug is pulled out at a uniform speed as guided. The strain gauge force sensor 5 deforms due to the force, and the internal Wheatstone bridge becomes unbalanced, outputting a weak signal. This signal is transmitted through the sensor interface 804 to the signal converter (integrated conditioning module), amplified, converted from analog to digital, and then sent to the microcontroller 811. The microcontroller 811 calculates the peak insertion and extraction force according to the calibration coefficient and displays it (green for normal, red for exceeding the limit). If the limit is exceeded, an alarm is triggered. After the test is completed, pressing button 13 briefly can reset (clear data and return the screen to the initial state) or start Bluetooth transmission (a reserved function to transmit data such as the socket number and test time to the handheld terminal). This covers the entire process of socket parameter detection, analysis, display, alarm, and data processing, ensuring that each link is accurate and controllable, and realizing standardized and intelligent maintenance. The method of use and advantages of the present invention: The working process of the integrated detection device and method for the phase and insertion / removal force of the EMU socket is as follows: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the initial adaptation and calibration are completed by combining the hardware structure of the device with the functions of the electrical control system. First, it must be confirmed that the work vehicle is in a pantograph-powered state. This is because the device's voltage / frequency detection and phase detection functions rely on a powered socket environment. Only when the socket is powered can it provide a valid signal source for the voltage transformer 813 and phase detection circuit on the PLC circuit board 8, avoiding invalid detection data due to lack of power. Then, the corresponding sub-device is selected according to the type of socket to be tested (national standard two-hole 10A, three-hole 10A, three-hole 16A). This operation is based on the device's design of "differentiated quick-connect plug module 2 + unified core electrical control platform". The quick-connect plug module 2 can accurately match different socket layouts. The rigid connection between the sensor fixing bolt 3 and the strain gauge force sensor 5 ensures stable force signal transmission, while also guaranteeing precise alignment between the plug's metal contacts and the socket electrodes to ensure accurate electrical signal acquisition. After pressing and holding button 13 and toggling the rocker switch 11 to power on, the lithium battery supplies power to the PLC circuit board 8, strain gauge force sensor 5, IPS display 9, etc., through the power management circuit (including charging chip 810 and boost chip 807). The power indicator light 12 illuminates to indicate normal power supply. The microcontroller 811 starts its self-test program, and the signal is transmitted via the IPS interface 803. An initialization command is sent to the screen, displaying "Please insert into the socket" as a synchronous guide. At this time, the upper and lower limits of the insertion / extraction force are adjusted via button 13 (default 5-17N). The operation signal of button 13 is transmitted to the microcontroller 811 via button 805. The microcontroller 811 adjusts the threshold parameters of the insertion / extraction force feedback circuit and displays them on the screen in real time, ensuring that the judgment criteria comply with the maintenance procedures. Finally, following the guidance, the quick-connect plug module 2 is inserted into the socket to be tested. During insertion, the positioning structure of the outer shell 1 and the middle shell ensures the stability of the plug, preventing angular deviation from causing sensor force shift, thus completing the entire pre-test preparation process. After ensuring that the hardware compatibility and parameter calibration meet the testing requirements, the quick-connect plug module 2 is inserted into the socket. Then, the PLC circuit board 8 simultaneously starts the voltage / frequency detection circuit and the phase detection circuit: the voltage detection circuit collects the AC voltage signal between the live wire (L) and the neutral wire (N) through the voltage transformer 813. The high and low voltage isolation is achieved by the optocoupler isolation module 802 (to ensure safety). After being amplified by the operational amplifier chip 812 and filtered by the capacitor 806, it is transmitted to the microcontroller 811. The microcontroller 811 calculates the effective value of the voltage according to the "hardware attenuation + software algorithm" (based on the root mean square formula to process the ADC sampling data).The frequency detection circuit identifies the zero-crossing time interval of the voltage signal and calculates the frequency using the timing function of the 811 microcontroller. Both values ​​are displayed in real-time via the IPS interface 803. The phase detection circuit acquires the voltage signals between the live, neutral, and ground wires through multiple optocouplers. The optocouplers output logic level signals to the 811 microcontroller. The 811 microcontroller judges six states according to preset logic, including "correct wiring" and "missing ground wire." In case of an abnormality, the buzzer 808 (sound pressure level ≥ 80dB) sounds an alarm, and the status text on the screen displays in red. After briefly pressing button 13 and following the guide, the plug is pulled out at a uniform speed. The strain gauge force sensor 5 deforms due to the force, and its internal power is activated. When the bridge is unbalanced, it outputs a weak signal, which is transmitted via sensor interface 804 to signal converter (integrated conditioning module) for amplification and analog-to-digital conversion before being sent to microcontroller 811. Microcontroller 811 calculates the peak insertion / extraction force according to calibration coefficients and displays it (green for normal, red for exceeding limits). An alarm is triggered if the limit is exceeded. After detection, a short press of button 13 resets the system (clears data and returns the screen to its initial state) or initiates Bluetooth transmission (a reserved function to transmit socket number, detection time, and other data to a handheld terminal). This covers the entire process of socket parameter detection, analysis, display, alarm, and data processing, ensuring precise controllability at each stage and achieving standardized and intelligent maintenance. The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A comprehensive testing device for the phase and insertion / removal force of a high-speed train socket, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1); a quick-connect plug module (2) is installed inside the housing (1), a sensor fixing bolt (3) is threaded inside the housing (1), and a device inner housing (4) is installed on one side of the housing (1); a strain gauge force sensor (5) is installed on one side of the device inner housing (4), a sensor fixing plate (6) is installed on one side of the strain gauge force sensor (5), a signal converter and a lithium battery (7) are installed on one side of the sensor fixing plate (6); a PLC circuit board (8) is provided on one side of the signal converter and the lithium battery (7), a display screen (9) is provided on one side of the PLC circuit board (8), a device housing cover (10) is installed on one side of the device inner housing (4), a rocker switch (11) is provided above the device housing cover (10), and a power indicator light (12) is provided below the device housing cover (10).

2. The integrated detection device for phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A button (13) is provided on one side of the PLC circuit board (8), and one end of the button (13) passes through the device housing cover (10) and extends to the outside of the device housing cover (10).

3. The integrated detection device for phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Bluetooth module (801) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8), and an optocoupler isolation module (802) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8).

4. The integrated detection device for phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: An IPS interface (803) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8), and a sensor interface (804) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8).

5. The integrated detection device for phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A button (805) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8), and a capacitor (806) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8).

6. The integrated detection device for phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boost chip (807) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8), and a buzzer (808) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8).

7. The integrated detection device for phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Type C charging interface (809) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8), and a charging chip (810) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8).

8. The integrated detection device for phase and insertion / removal force of EMU sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A single-chip microcontroller (811) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8), an operational amplifier chip (812) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8), and a voltage transformer (813) is fixedly connected to one side of the PLC circuit board (8).

9. A testing method for a comprehensive testing device for the phase and insertion / removal force of a high-speed train socket, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Combining the hardware structure of the device with the functions of the electrical control system to complete the initial adaptation and calibration, firstly, it is necessary to confirm that the work vehicle group is in the pantograph power supply state. This is because the voltage / frequency detection and phase detection functions of the device depend on the power environment of the socket. Only when it is powered can it provide an effective signal source for the voltage transformer (813) and phase detection circuit on the PLC circuit board (8) to avoid invalid detection data due to no power. Then, select the corresponding sub-device according to the type of socket to be tested (national standard two-hole 10A, three-hole 10A, three-hole 16A). This operation is based on the design of the device "differentiated quick plug module (2) + unified core electrical control platform". Different quick plug modules (2) can accurately match different socket layouts. The rigid connection between the sensor fixing bolt (3) and the strain force sensor (5) ensures stable force signal transmission. At the same time, it ensures that the plug metal contacts and socket electrodes are accurately connected to ensure accurate electrical signal acquisition. After pressing the button (13) and turning the rocker switch (11) to start the machine, the lithium battery is powered by the power management circuit "including charging". The chip (810) and the boost chip (807) provide power to the PLC circuit board (8), strain gauge force sensor (5), IPS display screen (9), etc. The power indicator (12) lights up to indicate that the power supply is normal. The microcontroller (811) starts the self-test program and sends the initialization command to the screen through the IPS interface (803), displaying "Please insert the socket" synchronous guidance. At this time, the upper and lower limit thresholds of the insertion and extraction force are adjusted by the button (13) (default 5-17N). The operation signal of the button (13) is transmitted to the microcontroller (811) through the button (805). The microcontroller (811) adjusts the threshold parameters of the insertion and extraction force value feedback circuit and displays them on the screen in real time to ensure that the judgment standard meets the maintenance procedure. Finally, according to the guidance, the quick plug module (2) is inserted into the socket to be tested. During the insertion process, the positioning structure of the outer shell (1) and the middle shell of the device ensures the stability of the plug and avoids the sensor force deviation caused by the angle deviation, thereby completing the full process preparation before the test and ensuring that the hardware adaptation and parameter calibration meet the test requirements. S2: After the quick-connect plug module (2) is inserted into the socket, the PLC circuit board (8) synchronously starts the voltage / frequency detection circuit and the phase detection circuit: The voltage detection circuit collects the AC voltage signal between the live wire (L) and the neutral wire (N) through the voltage transformer (813), realizes high and low voltage isolation (to ensure safety) through the optocoupler isolation module (802), and then transmits it to the microcontroller (811) after being amplified by the operational amplifier chip (812) and filtered by the capacitor (806). The microcontroller (811) calculates the effective voltage value according to the "hardware attenuation + software algorithm" (based on the root mean square formula to process ADC sampling data); The frequency detection circuit calculates the frequency by identifying the zero-crossing time interval of the voltage signal and combining it with the timing function of the microcontroller (811). The values ​​of both are displayed in real time through the IPS interface (803). The phase detection circuit collects the voltage signal between the live, neutral and ground wires through multiple sets of optocouplers. The optocouplers output logic level signals to the microcontroller (811). The microcontroller (811) judges six states such as "correct wiring" and "missing ground wire" according to the preset logic. When there is an abnormality, the buzzer (808) will sound an alarm and the status text on the screen will be displayed in red. After pressing the button (13) briefly, the plug is pulled out at a uniform speed. The strain gauge force sensor (5) deforms due to the force, and the internal Wheatstone bridge is unbalanced and outputs a weak signal. It is transmitted to the signal converter (integrated conditioning module) through the sensor interface (804), amplified, converted from analog to digital and then sent to the microcontroller (811). The microcontroller (811) calculates the peak value of the insertion and extraction force according to the calibration coefficient and displays it (green is normal, red is over the limit). If the limit is exceeded, an alarm will be sounded. After the detection is completed, pressing the button (13) briefly can reset (clear data and return the screen to the initial state) or start Bluetooth transmission (reserved function to transmit data such as socket number and detection time to the handheld terminal). This covers the entire process of socket parameter detection, analysis, display, alarm and data processing, ensuring that each link is accurate and controllable, and realizing standardized and intelligent maintenance.

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