Iot-based distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power station
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANHUI ELECTRIC POWER DESIGN INST CEEC
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing anti-misoperation interlocking systems in energy storage power stations rely on active power supply, which has security vulnerabilities, low intelligence, and lacks multi-dimensional logic judgment, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and insufficient security.
It adopts passive wireless data transmission technology and a two-level interlocking structure, combined with NLP intelligent ticketing and logic interlocking program, to achieve passive power supply, multi-dimensional logic judgment and full-process safety control.
It achieves reliable passive power supply in extreme environments, reduces operation and maintenance costs, improves the efficiency of operation ticket generation and logic error rate, and ensures the safety of the entire process.
Smart Images
Figure CN122116512A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system automation and safe operation and maintenance technology, and in particular to a distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology
[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure, the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage power stations has grown explosively. By the end of 2024, my country's new energy storage installed capacity had exceeded pumped storage, reaching 78.3GW / 184.2GWh. However, the construction of large-scale energy storage power stations has brought challenges such as dense equipment, wide distribution, and harsh operation and maintenance environment. Taking a 100-megawatt-level energy storage power station as an example, it contains hundreds of battery compartments and PCS booster compartments. The equipment has a highly similar appearance, and operation and maintenance personnel are very likely to accidentally enter the live area due to "going to the wrong compartment", which may cause serious safety accidents.
[0003] In the existing technology, the anti-misoperation interlocking of energy storage power stations mainly relies on the traditional "five-proof" system. For example, the patent application filed by Beijing Shuangjie Electric Co., Ltd. entitled "Energy Storage Combiner Cabinet Interlocking Device" (as a prior art document) uses the connection and disconnection of the electrical circuit to control the cabinet door by connecting the power supply circuit of the electromagnetic lock in series with the circuit breaker and unlocking relay of the combiner cabinet, thus providing a certain degree of protection against electric shock.
[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies and similar traditional locking schemes have the following significant technical drawbacks: 1. Heavy reliance on active power supply: Existing electromagnetic locks or electronic locks usually require an external power source or built-in battery power. Electromagnetic locks cannot reliably lock in the event of a power outage or require mechanical unlocking, which poses a security vulnerability. Battery-powered locks are prone to battery depletion or leakage in harsh outdoor environments with high and low temperatures, leading to lock failure and high maintenance costs.
[0005] 2. Limited logical judgment dimensions: Existing interlocking logic is mostly limited to simple series connection of local electrical circuits (such as "unlocking when the circuit breaker is opened"), lacking deep linkage with fire protection system, battery management system (BMS) and whole-station monitoring system (EMS). For example, when a fire alarm or gas spray occurs in the battery compartment, traditional mechanical or electrical interlocks cannot automatically prevent personnel from entering.
[0006] 3. Low level of intelligence: The preparation of operation tickets still relies heavily on manual labor, which is inefficient (only 0.75 tickets / person / hour) and has a high logical error rate (up to 16.3%). On-site operations lack real-time closed-loop verification of "ticket-lock-person-equipment", which easily leads to illegal operations such as separation of "person, certificate and key".
[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations that can break free from power supply dependence, possess multi-dimensional logical judgment capabilities, and automatically generate and verify operation instructions through intelligent means. Summary of the Invention
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things. It solves the problem of power supply for locks by using passive wireless data transmission technology and combines NLP intelligent ticketing and logic interlocking programs to achieve full-process safety control of energy storage power stations.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things (IoT) includes: Passive intelligent interlocking devices are installed on the doors and cabinets of various equipment compartments in energy storage power stations to perform physical interlocking and unlocking. The intelligent computer key, as a mobile operating terminal, is used to provide power to the passive intelligent locking device and to perform data interaction. The operation and maintenance management cloud platform is used to generate operation tickets, issue authorization instructions, and monitor operation and maintenance status. The passive intelligent interlocking device adopts a passive radio frequency coupling power supply design, and is equipped with a radio frequency receiving coil and an energy storage capacitor. It obtains power by receiving the radio frequency signal emitted by the intelligent computer key. The passive intelligent interlocking device is also equipped with a secondary interlocking mechanism, which includes a mechanical blade structure and a magnetic ball structure. The operation and maintenance management cloud platform has an embedded operation ticket expert system based on NLP (Natural Language Processing) to parse unstructured operation instructions and automatically generate standard operation tickets. At the same time, it combines a logic interlocking program to perform "five-proof" logic verification on the operation tickets.
[0010] Furthermore, the passive intelligent locking device and the intelligent computer key adopt the "different frequency, different path" wireless data transmission (SWIPT) technology. Energy transmission is achieved using a 13.56MHz radio frequency signal via magnetic coupling resonance, while data communication is performed using a 2.4G communication module. When the smart computer key detects proximity to the lock, it automatically switches to trigger mode and activates the wireless charging transmitter module.
[0011] Furthermore, in the secondary locking mechanism, the mechanical blade structure adopts a three-dimensional curved surface composite tooth profile design; The magnetic ball structure uses neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material and resets only when it senses an alternating magnetic field of a specific frequency and intensity. When unlocking, the mechanical contacts of the smart computer key must match the electrical characteristics of the lock, and the magnetic field parameters generated by the coil inside the key must match the encoding of the magnetic tumbler before the bolt can be released.
[0012] Furthermore, the operation ticket expert system includes an NLP parsing module, a rule verification module, and a knowledge graph database; The NLP parsing module uses a BERT pre-trained model combined with a Bi-LSTM-CRF architecture to perform word segmentation, entity recognition, and relation extraction on the input natural language operation instructions, identifying operation verbs, device types, device numbers, and device status. The knowledge graph database stores the topological relationships of all equipment on the site and safe operating procedures. The rule verification module calls the logical rules in the knowledge graph library based on the parsing results to verify the step sequence of the operation ticket and the mutual exclusion relationship of the equipment status.
[0013] Furthermore, the system also includes a logic interlocking program, which is deployed on the operation and maintenance management cloud platform or edge computing gateway to collect the operating status and non-electrical signals of the PCS, high-voltage cabinet, and battery compartment in real time. The non-electrical signals include at least fire alarm signals, gas spray signals, and access control status signals; When a fire alarm signal or a gas spray signal is received, the logic interlocking program forcibly locks the passive intelligent interlocking device in the corresponding area and prohibits the issuance of unlocking commands.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By adopting passive wireless data transmission technology, the drawbacks of traditional electronic locks relying on battery power are completely solved, adapting to extreme environments of -40℃ to 85℃ and reducing operation and maintenance costs.
[0015] 2. The two-stage locking structure of "mechanical blades + magnetic ball" significantly improves the resistance to technical opening time. Combined with AES-256 encrypted communication, it ensures dual security of physical and information security.
[0016] 3. The NLP-based operation ticket expert system improves ticket generation efficiency by more than 8 times and reduces the logic error rate to below 1%; 4. With the help of multi-dimensional logic interlocking procedures, it realizes a closed-loop anti-misoperation management from the issuance of operation instructions to on-site execution, effectively preventing accidental entry into energized compartments and operation with faults. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the system of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the wireless data transmission principle between a passive intelligent interlocking device and an intelligent computer key.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the NLP operation ticket parsing model.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the logic interlock control for the battery compartment door. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
[0022] Example 1: Passive Intelligent Locking Device and Smart Key System This embodiment describes in detail a passive intelligent locking device and its matching intelligent computer key for use in battery compartment doors, PCS cabinet doors and high-voltage room doors of energy storage power stations.
[0023] 1. Passive power supply and communication mechanism: To address the challenges of large outdoor temperature variations (-40℃ to 85℃), wide equipment distribution, and difficult battery maintenance in energy storage power stations, this embodiment employs Wireless Data and Energy Transmission (SWIPT) technology, and the system is designed with a "separation of energy and data" transmission path: Energy Channel: Utilizing the principle of magnetic coupling resonance, the working frequency is set at 13.56MHz. The lock integrates a high-Q value receiving coil (using a magnetic rod-encased circular coil structure to adapt to key rotation operation). Energy is captured through an LC parallel resonant circuit, and after rectification and voltage regulation, 3.3V DC power is generated to power the MCU and motor inside the lock. The energy consumption of a single unlocking action is controlled within 0.1mW, and the energy conversion efficiency remains above 85% even in harsh environments.
[0024] Data Channel: Independent 2.4G wireless communication module is used. When the smart key is close to the lock, the lock MCU is first woken up by Hall effect replacement scheme (detecting the change of current pulse caused by the mutual inductance of the coil, with the threshold set to 400mA). Then, an AES-256 encrypted communication link is established for identity authentication and command interaction.
[0025] 2. Two-stage locking mechanism: To prevent technical unlocking and forced entry, the lock employs a dual verification structure of "mechanical + magnetic": Level 1 Locking (Mechanical): The lock cylinder uses a three-dimensional curved composite tooth blade, which is different from the traditional straight tooth and has a resistance to technical opening time of more than 15 minutes.
[0026] Secondary locking (magnetic): Magnetic pins made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material are implanted in the lock cylinder to form a specific "magnetic fingerprint". The front end of the smart key has an electromagnetic coil built in. Only when the key emits an alternating magnetic field of a specific frequency (such as 125kHz) and intensity can the magnetic pins be axially reset into the guide groove, allowing the lock cylinder to rotate.
[0027] This structure ensures that even if unauthorized keys have the same tooth shape, they cannot open the lock because they cannot generate a matching magnetic field, reducing the false opening rate to 0.03%.
[0028] 3. Emergency and Protection Design: The device's outer shell is made of industrial-grade zinc alloy and coated with a nano-ceramic layer, achieving an IP67 protection rating and resistance to salt spray corrosion. In extreme cases of electronic system failure, a hidden mechanical emergency unlocking mechanism has been designed. The mechanical key must be rotated to a preset angle and the hidden button must be triggered before it can be used. It is stored in a double-locked safe to ensure the traceability of emergency operations.
[0029] Example 2: NLP-based operation ticket expert system and logic interlocking This embodiment constructs an operation and maintenance management software system deployed in the cloud. The core of the system is to use natural language processing (NLP) technology to solve the problems of low efficiency and error-proneness of manual invoicing, and to combine multi-dimensional logic to achieve forced locking.
[0030] 1. NLP Intelligent Ticketing Process: The system embeds a natural language processing engine based on a BERT pre-trained model. The specific processing steps are as follows: Corpus construction: More than 12,000 historical operation tickets from the energy storage industry were collected, and a professional dictionary containing terms such as "circuit breaker", "disconnect switch", "battery cluster", "closing", and "opening" was established.
[0031] Semantic parsing: Using a Bi-LSTM-CRF (Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network-Conditional Random Field) architecture, the input voice or text command (such as "Switch the high-voltage side circuit breaker of battery compartment No. 1 from operation to maintenance") is first segmented into words; Then, Named Entity Recognition (NER) is performed to extract the operation object "High-voltage side circuit breaker of battery compartment No. 1" and the target status "Maintenance". Finally, the execution order of actions is determined through dependency parsing.
[0032] Rule verification: The parsed structured data will be compared with the built-in "five-prevention" rule base. For example, before the system automatically recognizes the "close the grounding switch" command, there must be the steps of "confirming that there is no voltage on the line" and "opening the disconnect switch". Otherwise, it will be judged as a logical error and automatically corrected or alarmed.
[0033] Ticket output: After verification, a standard format operation ticket is automatically generated, reducing the ticket production time from the traditional 40 minutes / ticket to 5 minutes / ticket, with an accuracy rate of 97.3%.
[0034] 2. Multidimensional logic interlocking procedure: Unlike traditional interlocking systems that rely solely on electrical quantities, this system incorporates non-electrical quantity logic judgments and employs proprietary logic designed specifically for the characteristics of energy storage power stations. Battery compartment door logic: Opening the battery compartment door requires not only confirming that the high-voltage switch is in the "open" position, but also reading the status of the fire control panel in real time. If a smoke alarm or gas extinguishing system is detected in the compartment (non-electrical signal), the system will forcibly lock the compartment door to prevent personnel from accidentally entering the fire scene and causing suffocation or burns.
[0035] PCS cabinet door logic: Based on the operating status of the PCS (standby / operation / fault), unlocking is only allowed when the PCS is stopped and both the DC and AC circuit breakers are open.
[0036] Anti-misoperation logic: The smart key reads the unique RFID code (globally unique ID) of the lock and compares it with the target device ID in the operation ticket. If the maintenance personnel enter the wrong compartment (e.g., the lock of compartment #2 is inserted when the #1 compartment is scheduled for maintenance), the key will refuse to supply power and issue an audible and visual alarm.
[0037] 3. Closed-loop operation throughout the entire process: Maintenance personnel receive the approved operation ticket on the APP -> synchronize it to the smart key via Bluetooth -> swipe card / scan code on-site to confirm the device -> the smart key wirelessly powers on and verifies the logic -> unlocks the passive lock -> locks the device after the operation is completed -> the key sends the operation log back to the cloud. This process realizes a closed loop of information flow for "ticket, lock, personnel, and equipment", ensuring that every step of the operation is under monitoring and eliminating the risks of skipping, omitting, and misoperation.
Claims
1. A distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: Passive intelligent interlocking devices are installed on the doors and cabinets of various equipment compartments in energy storage power stations to perform physical interlocking and unlocking. The intelligent computer key, as a mobile operating terminal, is used to provide power to the passive intelligent locking device and to perform data interaction. The operation and maintenance management cloud platform is used to generate operation tickets, issue authorization instructions, and monitor operation and maintenance status. The passive intelligent interlocking device adopts a passive radio frequency coupling power supply design, and is equipped with a radio frequency receiving coil and an energy storage capacitor. It obtains power by receiving the radio frequency signal emitted by the intelligent computer key. The passive intelligent interlocking device is also equipped with a secondary interlocking mechanism, which includes a mechanical blade structure and a magnetic ball structure. The operation and maintenance management cloud platform has an embedded operation ticket expert system based on natural language processing, which is used to parse unstructured operation instructions and automatically generate standard operation tickets. At the same time, it combines a logic interlocking program to perform five-proof logic verification on the operation tickets.
2. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The passive intelligent locking device and the intelligent computer key use wireless data and energy transmission technology with different frequencies and different paths. Energy transmission is achieved using a 13.56MHz radio frequency signal via magnetic coupling resonance, while data communication is performed using a 2.4G communication module. When the smart computer key detects proximity to the lock, it automatically switches to trigger mode and activates the wireless charging transmitter module.
3. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The passive intelligent interlocking device integrates a high-Q value receiving coil. The high-Q value receiving coil adopts a magnetic rod-encased circular coil structure, captures energy through an LC parallel resonant circuit, and generates DC power after rectification and voltage regulation to power the MCU and motor inside the lock.
4. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical blade structure adopts a three-dimensional curved surface composite tooth profile design; The magnetic ball structure uses neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material and resets only when it senses an alternating magnetic field of a specific frequency and intensity. When unlocking, the mechanical contacts of the smart computer key must match the electrical characteristics of the lock, and the magnetic field parameters generated by the coil inside the key must match the encoding of the magnetic tumbler before the bolt can be released.
5. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The operation ticket expert system includes an NLP parsing module, a rule verification module, and a knowledge graph database; The knowledge graph database stores the topological relationships of all equipment on the site and safe operating procedures. The rule verification module calls the logical rules in the knowledge graph library based on the parsing results to verify the step sequence of the operation ticket and the mutual exclusion relationship of the equipment status.
6. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The NLP parsing module uses a BERT pre-trained model combined with a Bi-LSTM-CRF architecture to perform word segmentation, entity recognition, and relation extraction on the input natural language operation instructions, identifying the operation verbs, device type, device number, and device status.
7. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a logic interlocking program, which is deployed on the edge computing gateway of the operation and maintenance management cloud platform to collect the operating status and non-electrical signals of the PCS, high-voltage cabinet, and battery compartment in real time. The non-electrical signals include fire alarm signals, gas spray signals, and access control status signals; When a fire alarm signal is received, the logic interlocking program forcibly locks the passive intelligent interlocking device in the corresponding area and prohibits the issuance of unlocking commands.
8. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The smart computer key is used to read the unique RFID code of the passive intelligent locking device and compare it with the target device ID in the operation ticket. If the comparison does not match, the smart computer key refuses to supply power and issues an audible and visual alarm.
9. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The smart computer key wakes up the MCU of the passive smart interlocking device by detecting the change in current pulse caused by the mutual inductance of the detection coil, and then establishes an AES-256 encrypted communication link for identity authentication and command interaction.
10. The distributed operation and maintenance management system for energy storage power stations based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The passive intelligent locking device is also equipped with a hidden mechanical emergency unlocking mechanism. The mechanical key must be rotated to a preset angle and the hidden button must be triggered before it can be used.