Channel estimation method and device, computer device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application relates to a channel estimation method, device, computer equipment, storage medium and program product. The method comprises the following steps: performing channel estimation on an original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein the original mixed signal comprises signals based on code division multiplexing processing of different sending ports of a sending end; determining a rotation factor of the initial estimated channel according to a timing adjustment cumulative value and a center position of a channel time delay spectrum of the original mixed signal; the timing adjustment cumulative value represents a cumulative deviation between an actual sampling point and an ideal sampling point of the original mixed signal; the channel time delay spectrum is a time delay spectrum of a channel for transmitting the original mixed signal; performing phase rotation on the initial estimated channel by using the rotation factor to obtain a rotated estimated channel; and performing demultiplexing processing on the rotated estimated channel to obtain a target estimated channel of signals transmitted by different sending ports of the sending end. The method can improve the demultiplexing performance of a receiver, and further improve the channel estimation accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of signal processing technology, and in particular to a channel estimation method, apparatus, computer equipment, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, multi-port parallel transmission technology is widely used to improve system transmission rate, spectrum utilization, and link reliability. To achieve efficient parallel transmission of multi-port signals, the transmitting end typically employs code division multiplexing (CDM) technology, which distinguishes and superimposes signals from different transmitting ports using orthogonal spreading codes to form an original mixed signal before sending it into the channel for transmission. The receiving end then needs to perform corresponding demultiplexing, channel estimation, and other processing to separate the signals from each transmitting port, thus achieving accurate signal reception and demodulation.

[0003] Currently, channel estimation methods for code division multiplexing (CDM) multi-port transmission systems generally adopt the traditional approach of estimation followed by demultiplexing. This involves the receiver first performing overall channel estimation on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel containing superimposed information from all transmitting ports; then, the initial estimated channel is directly demultiplexed to separate the target estimated channel for each transmitting port. However, in practical wireless communication scenarios, this traditional method suffers from numerous technical shortcomings, resulting in insufficient channel estimation accuracy and poor demultiplexing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a channel estimation method, apparatus, computer equipment, storage medium, and program product to address the above-mentioned technical problems, which can improve the demultiplexing performance of the receiver and thus improve the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a channel estimation method, including:

[0006] Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0007] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulation value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; and the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0008] Using the rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain the rotated estimated channel;

[0009] The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission end.

[0010] In one embodiment, determining the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the timing adjustment accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum includes:

[0011] The phase offset is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the phase offset represents the total offset of the centroid position relative to the time zero point position of the channel delay spectrum;

[0012] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the phase offset.

[0013] In one embodiment, determining the phase offset based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum includes:

[0014] The phase offset is obtained by superimposing the accumulated value of the timing adjustment of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0015] In one embodiment, determining the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset includes:

[0016] Obtain the total number of discrete sampling points corresponding to the initial estimated channel;

[0017] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the phase offset and the total number of discrete sampling points of the initial estimated channel.

[0018] In one embodiment, the initial estimated channel includes initial channel estimates for each subcarrier; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel includes rotation factor values ​​for each subcarrier.

[0019] The step of using the rotation factor to perform phase rotation on the initially estimated channel to obtain the rotated estimated channel includes:

[0020] For any subcarrier, the initial channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier is multiplied by the rotation factor value corresponding to the subcarrier to obtain the rotated channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier;

[0021] The rotation estimation channel is determined based on the rotation channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier.

[0022] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0023] Based on the energy distribution of each delay point in the channel delay spectrum, the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum is determined; the centroid position is the relative position of the centroid of the channel delay spectrum with respect to the maximum delay spread window, the maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, and the maximum delay spread window is determined by the time domain distribution characteristics of the channel delay spectrum.

[0024] Secondly, this application also provides a channel estimation apparatus, comprising:

[0025] The preliminary estimation module is used to perform channel estimation on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0026] The factor determination module is used to determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the timing adjustment accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulated value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; and the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0027] A phase rotation module is used to perform phase rotation on the initial estimated channel using the rotation factor to obtain a rotated estimated channel;

[0028] The channel estimation module is used to demultiplex the rotation estimation channel to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission transmitter.

[0029] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0030] Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0031] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulation value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; and the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0032] Using the rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain the rotated estimated channel;

[0033] The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission end.

[0034] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0035] Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0036] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulation value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; and the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0037] Using the rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain the rotated estimated channel;

[0038] The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission end.

[0039] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0040] Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0041] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulation value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; and the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0042] Using the rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain the rotated estimated channel;

[0043] The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission end.

[0044] The aforementioned channel estimation method, apparatus, computer equipment, storage medium, and program product perform channel estimation on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel. The original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end processed by code division multiplexing. A rotation factor for the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum. The timing adjustment accumulation value characterizes the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal. Using the rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain a rotated estimated channel. The rotated estimated channel is then demultiplexed to obtain the target estimated channel for the signals transmitted from different transmission ports of the transmitting end. This scheme simultaneously considers the timing accumulation deviation and the channel delay centroid, more comprehensively compensating for phase errors. The rotated channel estimation is closer to the real channel, reducing estimation deviation. After phase alignment, the inter-code orthogonality of each port is better, and after demultiplexing, inter-port interference is significantly reduced, improving the channel separation of the multi-port parallel transmission system. Furthermore, the centroid of the time delay spectrum is adaptively updated as the channel changes, and the rotation factor is dynamically adjusted. This maintains a good phase compensation effect for multipath and fast time-varying channels, improves the demultiplexing performance of the receiver, and thus improves the accuracy of channel estimation. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the application environment of the channel estimation method in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a channel estimation method in one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel in one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the channel delay spectrum in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel in another embodiment;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the rotation estimation channel in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 7A This is a schematic diagram of the simulation process in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 7B This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results where EACC is 0 in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 7C This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results where EACC is 10 in one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 7D This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results for an EACC of 20 in one embodiment;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of a channel estimation device in one embodiment;

[0057] Figure 9 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0059] The channel estimation method provided in this application can be applied to, for example, Figure 1 The application environment shown is as follows. In this environment, the transmitter 101 generates a multi-port signal, performs code division multiplexing, and transmits the original mixed signal. The transmitter includes, but is not limited to, base stations, terminal equipment, dedicated communication equipment, and signal generators. The receiver 102 is used to receive the mixed signal and perform channel estimation. The receiver 102 includes, but is not limited to, terminal equipment, base stations, signal analyzers, and communication receiving equipment.

[0060] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a channel estimation method is provided, which is applied to... Figure 1 Taking receiver 102 as an example, the explanation includes the following steps:

[0061] S201, perform channel estimation on the original mixed signal to obtain the initial estimated channel.

[0062] The original mixed signal comprises signals from different transmission ports at the transmitter, processed using code division multiplexing (CDM). It is the sum of signals from multiple different transmission ports at the transmitter, superimposed in the time and frequency domains after CDM processing. Alternatively, signals from multiple transmission ports at the transmitter are directly superimposed on the same time-frequency resource to form a single mixed signal. The initial channel estimation, performed on the original mixed signal, yields a preliminary channel estimation result containing the superposition information of signals from all transmission ports.

[0063] Optionally, the original mixed signal is obtained by superimposing baseband signals from multiple different transmission ports at the transmitting end after code division multiplexing. Each transmission port corresponds to an independent data stream, which is modulated to obtain its own transmission symbol. The transmission symbol of each port is spread / code divided with the corresponding orthogonal / quasi-orthogonal spreading code. The signals processed by all ports are linearly superimposed on the same time-frequency resource to form a single total signal, which is the original mixed signal. The receiver receives this original mixed signal through an antenna and, after processing by RF front-end, analog-to-digital conversion, down-conversion, filtering, etc., obtains the original mixed signal in the digital domain.

[0064] Furthermore, the original mixed signal includes a known reference signal (pilot signal), whose time-frequency position and sequence content are pre-agreed upon at the transmitting and receiving ends. From the received original mixed signal, a received reference signal is extracted according to the agreed time-frequency position. This received reference signal has been superimposed with effects such as channel distortion, noise, timing offset, and multipath delay. Channel estimation is then performed based on the received reference signal and the local reference signal to obtain an initial estimated channel. In the embodiments of this application,

[0065] S202, determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0066] The timing adjustment accumulated value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal, reflecting the cumulative offset of the system on the time axis; the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal. The channel delay spectrum is obtained by plotting the power / amplitude spectrum of the channel impulse response to obtain the energy distribution of different delay paths. The rotation factor is a complex coefficient used to compensate for phase offset; its core function is to perform phase rotation on the initially estimated channel, eliminating the common phase error caused by timing deviation and channel delay.

[0067] Optionally, the timing adjustment accumulated rotation factor can be output from the receiver's synchronization module and timing tracking loop, and the centroid position can be determined based on the channel delay spectrum and a calculation formula for the centroid position. Further, the rotation factor is determined by combining the timing adjustment accumulated value and the centroid of the delay spectrum. For example, the rotation factor can be mapped from the time offset to the phase offset based on the timing adjustment accumulated value and the centroid of the delay spectrum.

[0068] S203, using a rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain the rotated estimated channel.

[0069] Among them, the rotation estimation channel is the channel estimation result obtained after phase rotation processing of the initial estimation channel based on the rotation factor.

[0070] Optionally, the initial estimated channel can be multiplied by the rotation factor to obtain the rotated estimated channel, in order to compensate for the common phase offset introduced by the timing accumulation error and the centroid of the channel delay.

[0071] S204, demultiplex the rotation estimation channel to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission end.

[0072] The target estimation signal is the independent channel estimation result for different transmission ports of the corresponding transmitter.

[0073] Optionally, orthogonal codes or spreading codes from code division multiplexing can be used to demultiplex the rotation estimation channel to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmitting end.

[0074] In the aforementioned channel estimation method, channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel. The original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end processed by code division multiplexing. A rotation factor for the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum. The timing adjustment accumulation value characterizes the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal. Using the rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain a rotated estimated channel. The rotated estimated channel is then demultiplexed to obtain the target estimated channel for the signals transmitted from different transmission ports of the transmitting end. This scheme simultaneously considers the timing accumulation deviation and the centroid of the channel delay, more comprehensively compensating for phase errors. The rotated channel estimation is closer to the real channel, reducing estimation deviation. After phase alignment, the inter-code orthogonality of each port is better, and after demultiplexing, inter-port interference is significantly reduced, improving the channel separation of the multi-port parallel transmission system. Furthermore, the centroid of the time delay spectrum is adaptively updated as the channel changes, and the rotation factor is dynamically adjusted. This maintains a good phase compensation effect for multipath and fast time-varying channels, improves the demultiplexing performance of the receiver, and thus improves the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0075] Optionally, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a method for determining the rotation factor of an initial estimated channel is provided, specifically including the following steps:

[0076] S301, determine the phase offset based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0077] The phase offset represents the total offset of the centroid position relative to the time zero point of the channel delay spectrum.

[0078] Optionally, the phase offset is obtained by mapping the total equivalent delay offset. In this embodiment, the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum are superimposed to obtain the phase offset.

[0079] It should be noted that, as Figure 4 The diagram shows a channel delay spectrum. Due to the activation of Error Accumulation (EACC), the channel first path is not at zero. The horizontal arrow in the diagram represents the timing adjustment accumulation value, the rectangle represents the maximum delay spread, and the vertical arrow represents the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum. The phase offset is determined by the magnitude of the centroid position relative to the time zero point, which is the timing adjustment accumulation value plus the position of the centroid within the maximum delay spread box.

[0080] In one embodiment, the center position can be determined as follows: Based on the energy distribution of each delay point in the channel delay spectrum, the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum is determined. The centroid position is the relative position of the centroid of the channel delay spectrum with respect to the maximum delay spread window. The maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, determined by the temporal distribution characteristics of the channel delay spectrum. Optionally, for the initially estimated channel, the energy of each delay point is calculated to obtain the channel delay spectrum, representing the energy distribution of each delay point. The maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, determined by the temporal distribution characteristics; typically, the delay range corresponding to the total number of discrete sampling points of the initially estimated channel is taken as the maximum delay spread window. The absolute centroid of the delay spectrum is calculated by energy weighting. Further, the relative position of the centroid with respect to the maximum delay spread window is calculated to obtain the centroid position. After normalization of the relative centroid position, it is not affected by the length of the maximum delay spread window and is applicable to different channel lengths and different system configurations. Relative position directly reflects the distribution of energy within the time delay window, and is a better indicator of channel time delay structure characteristics than absolute centroid.

[0081] S302, determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset.

[0082] Optionally, the rotation factor is used to offset the aforementioned phase offset. Therefore, the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel can be obtained by taking the conjugate phase of the phase offset.

[0083] In this embodiment, both timing cumulative deviation and channel delay centroid are considered simultaneously, which is more comprehensive than compensating only one of them. Phase compensation is more accurate, and after phase alignment, the rotation-estimated channel is closer to the real channel, providing high-quality input for subsequent demultiplexing.

[0084] Optionally, in one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a method for determining the rotation factor of an initial estimated channel is provided, specifically including the following steps:

[0085] S501, obtain the total number of discrete sampling points corresponding to the initial estimated channel.

[0086] The total number of discrete sampling points is the length of the Fast Fourier Transform used to transform the initial time-domain estimated channel to the frequency domain.

[0087] Optionally, if the initial estimated channel is directly output as an array / vector by the channel estimation algorithm, the length of the array is directly read, which is the total number of discrete sampling points; if the initial estimated channel is a channel impulse response, the number of effective taps or the preset length is counted to obtain the total number of discrete sampling points; if an FFT transformation is required subsequently, the total number of discrete sampling points is usually equal to the number of FFT points.

[0088] S502, determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset and the total number of discrete sampling points of the initial estimated channel.

[0089] Optionally, for each subcarrier, a rotation factor is used to compensate for the phase offset; therefore, the rotation factor can be expressed as:

[0090]

[0091] in, The rotation factor; This is the phase offset. This represents the total number of discrete sampling points. For subcarrier indexing.

[0092] The above embodiments introduce the total number of discrete sampling points to achieve frequency normalization, so that the phase offset calculation strictly conforms to the time-frequency mapping relationship and the compensation is more accurate; the rotation factor is consistent with the initial estimated channel length, and the dimensions are completely aligned when multiplying point by point / subcarrier, without misalignment, interpolation and truncation errors, making the phase compensation more accurate, the orthogonality of the spreading code of each port is more complete, and the interference between ports after demultiplexing is further reduced.

[0093] Optionally, in one embodiment, the initial estimated channel includes the initial channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel includes the rotation factor value corresponding to each subcarrier; such as Figure 6 As shown, a method for determining the rotation estimation channel is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] S601, for any subcarrier, multiply the initial channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier by the rotation factor value corresponding to the subcarrier to obtain the rotated channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier.

[0095] Optionally, index each subcarrier of the initial frequency domain estimate of the channel coverage. Perform the following operations in sequence:

[0096] For the current subcarrier, the initial estimated channel value of the current subcarrier is multiplied point by point by the rotation factor value to obtain the estimated value of the rotated channel corresponding to the subcarrier.

[0097] S602, determine the rotating estimated channel based on the rotating channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier.

[0098] Optionally, after performing the above operations on all subcarriers, the rotation channel estimates corresponding to each subcarrier are combined in subcarrier index order to form a complete frequency domain sequence, which is the rotation estimated channel.

[0099] It should be noted that since the initial estimated channel contains a common phase error introduced by timing deviation and channel delay, multiplying it by the rotation factor can cancel out this phase error.

[0100] In the above embodiments, phase rotation is performed on each subcarrier, which can accurately compensate for the phase error introduced by the timing accumulation deviation and the centroid of the channel delay on each subcarrier. The compensation is without residue and without distortion. The channel estimate after rotation is closer to the real channel, effectively reducing the phase estimation error and improving the overall accuracy of the channel estimation.

[0101] Optionally, to more clearly characterize the accuracy of the channel estimation method provided in the embodiments of this application, in one embodiment, simulations are performed under CSIRS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) densities of 1 and 2 ports, a bandwidth of 128 RB, an ETU (Extended Typical Urban) channel, and different timing adjustment accumulation (EACC) values, with FFTN=2048. The simulation process is as follows: Figure 7A As shown, taking the frequency domain 2OCC as an example, assuming the first... , Each subcarrier is a CDM (Code Division Multiplexing) group. The traditional method for decrypting OCC is as follows:

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] in, and These are channels for ports 1 and 2, respectively. and This is a channel on two RS (Reference Signals) of a set of OCCs.

[0105] The channel estimation method provided in this application compensates for phase rotation before solving the OCC in traditional methods. First, the timing adjustment accumulated value and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum of the original mixed signal are obtained. The timing adjustment accumulated value and the centroid position are then added together to obtain the phase offset RotateN. A rotation factor is then obtained based on the phase offset. Furthermore, channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain the initial estimated channel for ports 1 and 2. and The rotation factor is multiplied by the initial estimated channel to compensate for the phase rotation of the initial estimated channel, resulting in:

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] in, and The channel after phase compensation, i.e., the rotated estimated channel; The unit is the basic time unit. OCC is decoded for the phase-compensated channel, and then phase rotation is performed.

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] in, The target estimated channel corresponding to port 1; The target estimated channel is for port 2.

[0112] For CSIRS, the two subcarriers of frequency domain 2OCC are adjacent, that is:

[0113]

[0114] make ,Will and Substituting, we get:

[0115]

[0116] Therefore, phase rotation and derotation can be equivalent to a single step.

[0117] Simulation results are as follows Figure 7B , 7C As shown in 7D, Figure 7B The simulation results show that EACC is 0. Figure 7C Figure 1 shows the simulation results with an EACC of 10, and Figure 7D shows the simulation results with an EACC of 20. In the figures, "baseline" represents the mean square error of the traditional scheme; "ideal center" represents the mean square error of the ideal result; and "calculate center" represents the mean square error of the channel estimation method provided in this embodiment. The simulation results show that the channel estimation method provided in this embodiment has a significant gain in channel estimation mean square error compared to the traditional scheme.

[0118] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0119] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a channel estimation apparatus for implementing the channel estimation method described above. This apparatus can be applied to or integrated into a chip or chip module, for example. The solution provided by this apparatus is similar to the implementation scheme described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more channel estimation apparatus embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the channel estimation method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, a channel estimation device 800 is provided, including: a preliminary estimation module 810, a factor determination module 820, a phase rotation module 830, and a channel estimation module 840, wherein:

[0121] The preliminary estimation module 810 is used to perform channel estimation on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitter based on code division multiplexing processing.

[0122] The factor determination module 820 is used to determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the timing adjustment accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulated value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling point and the ideal sampling point of the original mixed signal; the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0123] The phase rotation module 830 is used to perform phase rotation on the initial estimated channel using a rotation factor to obtain the rotated estimated channel.

[0124] The channel estimation module 840 is used to demultiplex the rotated estimated channel to obtain the target estimated channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmitting end.

[0125] In one embodiment, the factor determination module 820 includes:

[0126] The first determining unit is used to determine the phase offset based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the phase offset represents the total offset of the centroid position relative to the time zero point position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0127] The second determining unit is used to determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset.

[0128] In one embodiment, the first determining unit is specifically used for:

[0129] The phase offset is obtained by superimposing the accumulated value of the timing adjustment of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0130] In one embodiment, the second determining unit is specifically used for:

[0131] Obtain the total number of discrete sampling points corresponding to the initial estimated channel; determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset and the total number of discrete sampling points of the initial estimated channel.

[0132] In one embodiment, the initial estimated channel includes the initial channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel includes the rotation factor value corresponding to each subcarrier; the phase rotation module 830 is specifically used for:

[0133] For any subcarrier, multiply the initial channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier by the rotation factor value corresponding to the subcarrier to obtain the rotation channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier; determine the rotation estimated channel based on the rotation channel estimates corresponding to each subcarrier.

[0134] In one embodiment, the channel estimation device 800 further includes a centroid determination module, used for:

[0135] Based on the energy distribution of each delay point in the channel delay spectrum, the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum is determined. The centroid position is the relative position of the centroid of the channel delay spectrum with respect to the maximum delay spread window. The maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of the delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, and the maximum delay spread window is determined by the time domain distribution characteristics of the channel delay spectrum.

[0136] Regarding the modules / units included in the various devices and products described in the above embodiments, they can be software modules / units, hardware modules / units, or a combination of both. For example, for various devices and products applied to or integrated into a chip, all of their modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits, or at least some modules / units can be implemented using software programs that run on a processor integrated within the chip, while the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits; for various devices and products applied to or integrated into a chip module, all of their modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits, and different modules / units can be located in the same component (e.g., chip, circuit module, etc.) or different components of the chip module, or at least some modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. The components can be implemented using software programs that run on the processor integrated within the chip module. The remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. For various devices and products applied to or integrated into the terminal, each of its components / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. Different modules / units can be located in the same component (e.g., chip, circuit module, etc.) or in different components within the terminal. Alternatively, at least some modules / units can be implemented using software programs that run on the processor integrated within the terminal, while the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits.

[0137] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a channel estimation method.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0139] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0140] Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain the initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitter based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0141] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; where the timing adjustment accumulated value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0142] A rotation factor is used to rotate the phase of the initial estimated channel to obtain the rotated estimated channel.

[0143] The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmitting end.

[0144] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the rotation factor of the initially estimated channel based on the timing adjustment of the accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum, it also performs the following steps:

[0145] The phase offset is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; where the phase offset represents the total offset of the centroid position relative to the zero point position of the channel delay spectrum; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the phase offset.

[0146] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the phase offset based on the timing adjustment of the accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum, it also performs the following steps:

[0147] The phase offset is obtained by superimposing the accumulated value of the timing adjustment of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0148] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset, it also performs the following steps:

[0149] Obtain the total number of discrete sampling points corresponding to the initial estimated channel; determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset and the total number of discrete sampling points of the initial estimated channel.

[0150] In one embodiment, the initial estimated channel includes the initial channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel includes the rotation factor value corresponding to each subcarrier; when the processor executes the computer program to perform phase rotation on the initially estimated channel using the rotation factor to obtain the rotated estimated channel, the following steps are also implemented:

[0151] For any subcarrier, multiply the initial channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier by the rotation factor value corresponding to the subcarrier to obtain the rotation channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier; determine the rotation estimated channel based on the rotation channel estimates corresponding to each subcarrier.

[0152] In one embodiment, the processor, when executing a computer program, also performs the following steps:

[0153] Based on the energy distribution of each delay point in the channel delay spectrum, the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum is determined. The centroid position is the relative position of the centroid of the channel delay spectrum with respect to the maximum delay spread window. The maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of the delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, and the maximum delay spread window is determined by the time domain distribution characteristics of the channel delay spectrum.

[0154] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program performing the following steps when executed by a processor:

[0155] Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain the initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitter based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0156] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; where the timing adjustment accumulated value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0157] A rotation factor is used to rotate the phase of the initial estimated channel to obtain the rotated estimated channel.

[0158] The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmitting end.

[0159] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the rotation factor of the initially estimated channel based on the timing adjustment of the accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum, it also performs the following steps:

[0160] The phase offset is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; where the phase offset represents the total offset of the centroid position relative to the zero point position of the channel delay spectrum; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the phase offset.

[0161] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the phase offset based on the timing adjustment of the accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum, it also performs the following steps:

[0162] The phase offset is obtained by superimposing the accumulated value of the timing adjustment of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0163] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset, it also performs the following steps:

[0164] Obtain the total number of discrete sampling points corresponding to the initial estimated channel; determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset and the total number of discrete sampling points of the initial estimated channel.

[0165] In one embodiment, the initial estimated channel includes the initial channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel includes the rotation factor value corresponding to each subcarrier; when the processor executes the computer program to perform phase rotation on the initially estimated channel using the rotation factor to obtain the rotated estimated channel, the following steps are also implemented:

[0166] For any subcarrier, multiply the initial channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier by the rotation factor value corresponding to the subcarrier to obtain the rotation channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier; determine the rotation estimated channel based on the rotation channel estimates corresponding to each subcarrier.

[0167] In one embodiment, the processor, when executing a computer program, also performs the following steps:

[0168] Based on the energy distribution of each delay point in the channel delay spectrum, the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum is determined. The centroid position is the relative position of the centroid of the channel delay spectrum with respect to the maximum delay spread window. The maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of the delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, and the maximum delay spread window is determined by the time domain distribution characteristics of the channel delay spectrum.

[0169] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0170] Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain the initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitter based on code division multiplexing processing;

[0171] The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; where the timing adjustment accumulated value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal.

[0172] A rotation factor is used to rotate the phase of the initial estimated channel to obtain the rotated estimated channel.

[0173] The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmitting end.

[0174] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the rotation factor of the initially estimated channel based on the timing adjustment of the accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum, it also performs the following steps:

[0175] The phase offset is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; where the phase offset represents the total offset of the centroid position relative to the zero point position of the channel delay spectrum; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the phase offset.

[0176] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the phase offset based on the timing adjustment of the accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum, it also performs the following steps:

[0177] The phase offset is obtained by superimposing the accumulated value of the timing adjustment of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

[0178] In one embodiment, when the processor executes a computer program to determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset, it also performs the following steps:

[0179] Obtain the total number of discrete sampling points corresponding to the initial estimated channel; determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset and the total number of discrete sampling points of the initial estimated channel.

[0180] In one embodiment, the initial estimated channel includes the initial channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel includes the rotation factor value corresponding to each subcarrier; when the processor executes the computer program to perform phase rotation on the initially estimated channel using the rotation factor to obtain the rotated estimated channel, the following steps are also implemented:

[0181] For any subcarrier, multiply the initial channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier by the rotation factor value corresponding to the subcarrier to obtain the rotation channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier; determine the rotation estimated channel based on the rotation channel estimates corresponding to each subcarrier.

[0182] In one embodiment, the processor, when executing a computer program, also performs the following steps:

[0183] Based on the energy distribution of each delay point in the channel delay spectrum, the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum is determined. The centroid position is the relative position of the centroid of the channel delay spectrum with respect to the maximum delay spread window. The maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of the delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, and the maximum delay spread window is determined by the time domain distribution characteristics of the channel delay spectrum.

[0184] It should be noted that the data involved in this application (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0185] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0186] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0187] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A channel estimation method, characterized in that, Applied to a receiver, the method includes: Channel estimation is performed on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end based on code division multiplexing processing; The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulation value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; and the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal. Using the rotation factor, the initial estimated channel is phase-rotated to obtain the rotated estimated channel; The rotation estimation channel is demultiplexed to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission end.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum includes: The phase offset is determined based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the phase offset represents the total offset of the centroid position relative to the time zero point position of the channel delay spectrum; The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the phase offset.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the phase offset based on the timing adjustment accumulation value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum includes: The phase offset is obtained by superimposing the accumulated value of the timing adjustment of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the phase offset includes: Obtain the total number of discrete sampling points corresponding to the initial estimated channel; The rotation factor of the initial estimated channel is determined based on the phase offset and the total number of discrete sampling points of the initial estimated channel.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The initial estimated channel includes the initial channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier; the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel includes the rotation factor value corresponding to each subcarrier; The step of using the rotation factor to perform phase rotation on the initially estimated channel to obtain the rotated estimated channel includes: For any subcarrier, the initial channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier is multiplied by the rotation factor value corresponding to the subcarrier to obtain the rotated channel estimate corresponding to the subcarrier; The rotation estimation channel is determined based on the rotation channel estimate value corresponding to each subcarrier.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the energy distribution of each delay point in the channel delay spectrum, the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum is determined; the centroid position is the relative position of the centroid of the channel delay spectrum with respect to the maximum delay spread window, the maximum delay spread window is the maximum range of delay distribution in the channel delay spectrum, and the maximum delay spread window is determined by the time domain distribution characteristics of the channel delay spectrum.

7. A channel estimation device, characterized in that, Configured in a receiver, the device includes: The preliminary estimation module is used to perform channel estimation on the original mixed signal to obtain an initial estimated channel; wherein, the original mixed signal includes signals from different transmission ports of the transmitting end based on code division multiplexing processing; The factor determination module is used to determine the rotation factor of the initial estimated channel based on the timing adjustment accumulated value of the original mixed signal and the centroid position of the channel delay spectrum; wherein, the timing adjustment accumulated value represents the cumulative deviation between the actual sampling points and the ideal sampling points of the original mixed signal; and the channel delay spectrum is the delay spectrum of the channel transmitting the original mixed signal. A phase rotation module is used to perform phase rotation on the initial estimated channel using the rotation factor to obtain a rotated estimated channel; The channel estimation module is used to demultiplex the rotation estimation channel to obtain the target estimation channel of the signals transmitted by different transmission ports of the transmission transmitter.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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