Chamber element preform, chamber element preform manufacturing method, and chamber element manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a chamber element preform (1) comprising an inner wall (2) and an outer wall (3) made of sheet metal and arranged relative to each other with a gap between the inner wall and the outer wall, wherein the edges of each of the walls (2, 3) are sealed with a seal (6) and define a pressure-tight, airtight interior space (4), wherein the pressure-tight, airtight interior space (4) contains an expansion agent (7). The invention relates to a chamber element preform (1) manufacturing method and to a chamber element (8) manufacturing method.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a prefabricated chamber element, a method for manufacturing the prefabricated chamber element, and a method for manufacturing a chamber element. The invention is intended for use in construction, in the manufacture of vehicle parts in the automotive industry, or in the furniture industry for the manufacture of structural and decorative elements.

[0002] Chamber elements, made of sheet metal and containing cavities that can be filled with functional materials, are widely used in various technical fields, such as as structural elements in buildings, for manufacturing wall panels, ceilings, doors, and other structural components. Chamber elements can also be used to manufacture various vehicle parts (such as body panels, doors, or hoods), or in the furniture industry as components used in manufacturing furniture of various shapes or as decorative elements.

[0003] One method of manufacturing such a chamber element is by introducing pressurized fluid into a pre-formed chamber element preform.

[0004] European document EP 2110189 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a chamber element, which includes forming two metal plate components with desired profiles, and then joining the corresponding profiles by welding to form a pressure-sealed chamber, wherein a valve is disposed on one of the metal plate components for supplying pressurized air. In a next step, high-pressure air is introduced into this chamber element preform through the valve, causing the metal plate components to deform within their plastic limits and thus producing a deformed chamber element.

[0005] Document WO 2021124093 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a multi-chamber structural element. This method involves forming a multi-chamber structural element with chamber profiles extending radially from a center defined by the connection of the chamber profiles. The method includes the step of providing at least three chamber profile preforms, each preform comprising two walls made of sheet metal and arranged in substantially parallel planes relative to each other, with a gap between the two walls. The edges of these individual walls converge, and a valve is disposed on at least one wall. In a next step, the unconnected wall edges of each of the chamber profile preforms are sealed with a seal to form a closed, airtight, empty internal space of the chamber profile preform. Subsequently, pressurized fluid is introduced into the internal space of the chamber profile preform through the valve to form a deformable chamber profile. In the next step of the method, at least three chamber profile preforms or chamber profiles are connected proximally along at least a portion of these inner edges in regions of the corresponding inner edges of the chamber profile preforms or chamber profiles relative to the connecting axis.

[0006] Furthermore, document WO 2012159856 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a metal plate structure that deforms under internal pressure, the method comprising at least one step of applying internal pressure to at least one cavity of a prefabricated structure. The cavity is formed from a metal plate and includes at least three fixed edges. A prefabricated structure is also provided, which is formed from a metal plate and includes at least one cavity, wherein the cavity includes at least three fixed edges. The invention also provides a triangular frame, characterized in that a metal plate structure deformed under internal pressure is in a triangular configuration, or at least three metal plate structures deformed under internal pressure are assembled into a triangular configuration.

[0007] The technical problem of this invention is to provide a method for manufacturing chamber components that allows the manufacture of chamber components with desired characteristics and defined geometries while maintaining high dimensional accuracy. It is desirable that the chamber component manufacturing method has a limited number of technical steps and can be implemented without the use of specialized and complex equipment, thereby directly providing the economic benefits of a simplified, time-saving, and therefore more affordable chamber component manufacturing process. It is also desirable that the chamber component manufacturing method is characterized by low material consumption and allows the manufacture of chamber components with a wide range of geometric parameters, particularly chamber components with different heights, spatial forms, and both symmetrical and asymmetrical characteristics. Importantly, a chamber component manufacturing method is also provided that allows for easy modification of the shape of the chamber component within a wide range of geometric parameters without requiring a rearrangement of the equipment used in the manufacturing process.

[0008] A further technical problem of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated chamber element that will be an intermediate element in the manufacturing process of the chamber element, and which will require a limited number of operations to produce the chamber element. It is also desirable that the prefabricated chamber element acts as a fire barrier, thereby protecting structural elements of a building from damage or providing protection from fire-prone areas.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the invention, a chamber element preform is provided, the chamber element preform comprising an inner wall and an outer wall, the inner wall and the outer wall being made of metal plates and arranged relative to each other with a gap between the inner wall and the outer wall, wherein the edge of each of the walls is sealed with a seal and defines a pressure-sealed, airtight internal space, characterized in that the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space contains an expanding agent.

[0010] Preferably, the valve is arranged on at least one of the walls.

[0011] Preferably, the valve is a control valve, a safety valve, or a check valve.

[0012] Preferably, the seal is a welded component, a pressure welded component, an adhesive layer, or an overlap joint.

[0013] Preferably, the expanding agent is water, alcohol, a mixture of alcohols, or at least two separately stored compounds that, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a chamber element preform is provided, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: a) Provides an inner wall and an outer wall made of a sheet of metal material, and the inner wall and the outer wall are arranged relative to each other in substantially parallel planes, with a gap between the inner wall and the outer wall, wherein the edges of the walls converge, and wherein a valve element is arranged on at least one wall. b) Introduce an expanding agent into the gap between the inner wall and the outer wall. c) Seal the unconnected wall edges with a sealant to form a pressure-sealed, airtight internal space containing the expansion agent.

[0015] Preferably, the valve is arranged on at least one of the walls.

[0016] Preferably, the valve is a control valve, a safety valve, or a check valve. Preferably, the expanding agent is introduced through the valve.

[0017] Preferably, after sealing the unconnected wall edge with a seal, the expansion agent is introduced through the valve into the airtight interior space of the pressure seal.

[0018] Preferably, the seal is made by fusion welding, pressure welding, adhesive bonding or crimping.

[0019] Preferably, the expanding agent is water, alcohol, a mixture of alcohols, or at least two separately stored compounds that, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor.

[0020] According to a third aspect of the invention, a method for manufacturing a chamber element is provided, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: providing a chamber element preform as defined in a first aspect of the invention, and subsequently increasing the volume of the expander or generating heat and vapor from the expander to deform the inner wall and / or the outer wall by means of the internal pressure of the fluid generated due to the increase in the volume of the expander and / or the generation of vapor from the expander.

[0021] Preferably, the increase in volume of the expander or the generation of heat and vapor by the expander is initiated by subjecting the chamber element preform to heating, cooling, vibration, or impact.

[0022] Preferably, the degree of deformation of the inner wall and / or the outer wall is controlled by the valve.

[0023] The chamber element preform of the present invention is an intermediate element in the manufacturing process of a chamber element, which can take the form of a decorative element, a building element, a structural element, or a protective element, such as a fire barrier. The chamber element preform is a structurally simple element comprising a limited number of components, which is economically advantageous and improves technical reliability. The use of an expanding agent within the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space of the chamber element preform actively influences the chamber element manufacturing method by reducing the number of steps performed and limiting the mechanical components involved. The manufacturing of the chamber element requires only the step of the expanding agent starting to vaporize and / or starting to increase its volume, which can be achieved by heating and / or cooling the chamber element preform and shaking or vibrating it.

[0024] The purpose of the above actions is to initiate a chemical reaction or physical transformation, thereby increasing the internal pressure in the airtight internal space of the pressure seal, so as to deform the inner and outer walls of the chamber element prefabricated component.

[0025] Using a valve in the form of a check valve allows the expansion agent to be introduced into the chamber element preform and prevents it from escaping to the outside of the chamber element preform. Using a valve in the form of a safety valve further increases the safety of the manufacturing process of the chamber element by providing protection against excessive internal pressure within the pressure-sealed, airtight interior space of the chamber element preform, which could potentially lead to the rupture of the seals or walls. On the other hand, using a control valve allows for the variation of a threshold pressure above which the valve releases vapor to the outside of the pressure-sealed, airtight interior space, thereby allowing control over the degree of deformation of the inner and outer walls and thus enabling modification of the final desired shape of the chamber element.

[0026] Using water as an expanding agent further increases the safety of the chamber element manufacturing process because no harmful vapors are generated. Using an expanding agent in the form of a container, for example, made of thin glass, allows vapor generation or volume increase to be initiated by shaking the chamber element preform, thereby facilitating and improving the chamber element manufacturing process. Furthermore, using an expanding agent in the form of a compound that produces foamed plastics (e.g., PUR) additionally endows the chamber element thus formed with additional functionality, such as increased compressive strength or increased insulation levels.

[0027] The solution according to the invention has been shown in the following embodiments and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a front view of a first embodiment of the chamber element preform according to the present invention. Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the chamber element preform according to the present invention. Figure 3 A to Figure 3 F is a cross-sectional view of the sequential steps in manufacturing the chamber element according to a first embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 This is a front view of a first embodiment of a chamber element according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a side view of a first embodiment of a chamber element according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is an isometric view of a first embodiment of a chamber element according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a front view of a second embodiment of the chamber element preform according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view and an enlarged view of detail A of a second embodiment of the chamber element preform according to the present invention. Figure 9 A to Figure 9 E is a cross-sectional view of the sequential steps in manufacturing the chamber element according to a second embodiment of the invention. Figure 10 This is a front view of a second embodiment of the chamber element according to the present invention. Figure 11 This is a side view of a second embodiment of the chamber element according to the present invention. Figure 12 This is a top view of a second embodiment of the chamber element according to the present invention. Figure 13 This is an isometric view of a second embodiment of the chamber element according to the present invention. Figure 14 A to Figure 14 E is a cross-sectional view of the successive steps in manufacturing a chamber element according to a third embodiment of the invention, the chamber element being fixed to a load-bearing column of a building structure. Figure 15 A to Figure 15 C is a cross-sectional view of the successive steps in manufacturing a chamber element according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the chamber element being fixed to a load-bearing column of a building structure. Figure 16 It is based on Figure 15 Axonometric view of the fourth embodiment of the chamber element (C).

[0028] Example 1 exist Figure 1 Front view and Figure 2A first embodiment of the chamber element preform 1 of the present invention is schematically shown in a cross-sectional view. In this embodiment, the chamber element preform 1 is a square shape with rounded corners and is a decorative element in the form of an element that is suspended or fixed to a flat surface (such as a wall) when the chamber element 8 is manufactured.

[0029] This embodiment of the chamber element preform 1 is manufactured using the chamber element preform manufacturing method of the present invention, which includes the following steps: providing an inner wall 2 and an outer wall 3, both made of metal plates, and arranging the inner and outer walls in substantially parallel planes relative to each other, with a gap between them. The edges of the walls 2 and 3 converge.

[0030] In the next step of manufacturing the chamber element preform 1, an expansion agent 7 is introduced into the gap formed between the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3.

[0031] In the next step, the edges of the unconnected walls 2 and 3 are sealed with sealant 6 to form a pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 between the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3 of the chamber element preform 1, in which an expanding agent 7 is disposed. After the walls 2 and 3 of the chamber element preform 1 have been matched with each other, the edges of the metal plates forming these walls are sealed. In this embodiment, therefore, all circumferential edges of the matched walls 2 and 3 of the chamber element preform 1 are sealed. In this embodiment, the sealing is performed by welding the corresponding edges together to form a circumferential weld. By sealing all the edges listed above, a pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 is formed in the chamber element preform 1, such as... Figure 2 The cross-section is schematically shown. In this case, the type of seal 6 is not a limitation on the scope of the invention, and any type of seal 6 can be used in alternative embodiments, provided that a pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 is formed in the chamber element preform 1 by means of, for example, pressure welding, brazing, gluing, bending, or pressing.

[0032] The result is chamber element prefabricated part 1, the structure of which is... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The details are shown in detail through a magnified view of detail A.

[0033] therefore, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The chamber element preform 1 shown includes an inner wall 2 and an outer wall 3 arranged in substantially parallel planes relative to each other, with a gap between the inner and outer walls, wherein the edges of the walls 2 and 3 converge.

[0034] The pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1 contains an expanding agent 7. In this embodiment, the expanding agent 7 is glycerol, which is introduced in a few grams into the approximately 10 cm high chamber element preform 1 at an ambient temperature below 20°C to maintain the expanding agent in a solid aggregate state.

[0035] The solid expander 7 introduced at a lower temperature Figure 3 As shown in A. Furthermore, Figure 2 An expanding agent 7 is shown, which is heated to a temperature above 20°C, thus changing the aggregation state of the expanding agent to liquid, and accumulating in this state in the lower region of the chamber element preform 1 due to gravity. (As shown in...) Figure 2 As can be observed, since the chamber element preform 1 is pressure-sealed, the expanding agent 7 exists in free form within and is retained in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4. In alternative embodiments, the expanding agent 7 is water, another alcohol, a mixture of alcohols, or at least two separately stored compounds that, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor. Importantly, both the type and volume of the expanding agent 7 introduced into the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 depend on the type of physical or chemical transformation occurring in the particular expanding agent 7, the thickness of the metal plates used to manufacture the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3, and the size of the chamber element preform 1. Thus, the expanding agent 7 can be a compound or mixture that causes a sufficient increase in pressure within the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1 due to a step of initiating a specific physical or chemical transformation from the outside, to deform the inner wall 2 and / or the outer wall 3 for forming the deformed chamber element 8.

[0036] After performing the above steps, a chamber element preform 1 is formed, which includes an inner wall 2 and an outer wall 3. The inner wall and the outer wall are made of metal plates and are arranged relative to each other with a gap between them. The edge of each of the walls 2 and 3 is sealed with a seal 6 and defines a pressure-sealed airtight internal space 4, wherein the pressure-sealed airtight internal space 4 contains an expanding agent 7.

[0037] The chamber element preform 1 thus prepared is used to form the chamber element 8. To form the chamber element 8 from the chamber element preform 1, the volume of the expanding agent 7 is initially increased, or the expanding agent generates heat and vapor, to cause the inner wall 2 and / or outer wall 3 to deform due to the internal pressure of the fluid generated by the increased volume of the expanding agent 7 and / or the vapor generated by the expanding agent. In this embodiment, the aforementioned initiation step is achieved by heating the chamber element preform 1. The chamber element preform 1 is placed in a furnace and heated to a temperature that ensures the expanding agent 7, in the form of glycerol, boils and thus generates vapor, and that ensures an increase in the internal pressure within the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1. To ensure a more dynamic transition, in this embodiment, the chamber element preform 1 is placed in a furnace and heated to a temperature of 300°C for a period of 10 minutes. In alternative embodiments, the starting temperature and heating duration can be different and selected to match a specific expanding agent 7. For example, when the expanding agent 7 is 60% ethanol, heating can be performed at a lower temperature (e.g., 100°C) and for a shorter time (e.g., 5 minutes). When the aggregated state of the expanding agent 7 in the form of glycerol changes to gas, the internal pressure in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 increases to a value that causes gradual plastic deformation of the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3, such as... Figure 3 A to Figure 3 The sequential steps in E are illustrated. As can be observed in the accompanying drawings, chamber element 8... Figure 3 In step E, the expander 7 is presented in its final deformed form, in which the gaseous expander 7 is located inside the chamber element 8. After the chamber element 8 is cooled to ambient temperature, the expander 7 undergoes a transition from a gaseous state back to a liquid or solid state, depending on the value of the ambient temperature, such as... Figure 3 As shown in F. The chamber element 8 thus formed in... Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Various views are shown in the figures. As can be observed in the figures, the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3 have been deformed, causing the chamber element 8 to "inflate". The maximum degree of deformation is observed in the central region of the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3 at the furthest distance from the seal 6. The minimum degree of deformation (or no deformation) is observed in the region adjacent to the seal 6, and thus, the chamber element 8 reflects the original shape defined by the chamber element preform 1.

[0038] Example 2 The second embodiment of the chamber element preform 1 of the present invention is in Figure 7 The center of the view and in Figure 8 The diagram is schematically shown in a cross-sectional view. In this embodiment, the chamber element preform 1 is in the shape of a pentagon and is a decorative element in the form of an element suspended or fixed to a flat surface when the chamber element 8 is manufactured.

[0039] The embodiments of the chamber element preform 1 and the method for manufacturing the chamber element preform 1 are substantially similar to the method shown in Example 1. Therefore, for the sake of clarity of this disclosure, the similar technical and structural characteristics of the steps of the chamber element preform 1 and the method for manufacturing the chamber element preform 1 will not be discussed in detail.

[0040] Unlike the chamber element preform 1 shown in Example 1, the chamber element preform 1 according to this embodiment has a valve 5 on one of the walls 2 and 3. In this embodiment, the valve 5 is arranged on the inner wall 2, for example as... Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, however, the position of valve 5 within the chamber element preform 1 is not a limitation on the conditions allowing fluid communication with the interior of the chamber element preform 1. The position of valve 5 is not a limitation on the scope of the invention, and therefore valve 5 can be arranged anywhere on the metal plates used to manufacture the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3.

[0041] The valve 5 of the chamber element preform 1 is basically used for two functions: first, the valve is used as an access element for the expansion agent 7 introduced into the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1; second, the valve is used as a control element during the manufacture of the chamber element 8, as will be described in more detail below.

[0042] Unlike the manufacturing method of the chamber element preform 1 shown in Example 1, in this embodiment, after the step of sealing the edges of the walls 2 and 3 with the sealant 6, that is, after forming the pressure-sealed airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1, the expansion agent 7 is introduced into the chamber element preform 1 through the valve 5.

[0043] In this embodiment, valve 5 is a check valve that ensures unidirectional fluid communication with the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4. In alternative embodiments, valve 5 is implemented as a control valve or safety valve to ensure the functionality of controlling the steps involved in manufacturing the chamber element 8.

[0044] In an alternative embodiment where the chamber element preform 1 is provided with a valve 5 in the form of a safety valve, pressure increases in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 are limited to a safety valve threshold (e.g., 20 bar). Exceeding this value causes valve 5 to open and thus releases gas from the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4. This release allows for limitation of the degree of deformation of the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3, while preventing pressure increases above a critical value that would cause the chamber element 8 to rupture.

[0045] In another alternative embodiment, where a valve 5 in the form of a control valve is provided on the prefabricated chamber element 1, the pressure in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 is increased to a set value (e.g., 2 bar) by adjusting the control valve. Therefore, the degree of deformation of the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3 can be controlled, influencing the final desired shape of the chamber element 8. For example, the set value of the control valve can be limited to 1.5 bar, thereby... Figure 9 Step B shows the procedure to stop the deformation of chamber element 8. If the pressure exceeds 1.5 bar in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4, the control valve will release gas and prevent further pressure increases.

[0046] Preferably, the valve 5 is secured to the inner wall 2 or the outer wall 3 by means of a removable connection (e.g., a bolted joint). After the chamber element 8 is manufactured, the valve can be removed, and a hanger can be fastened in its position for suspending the chamber element 8 (e.g., a decorative element).

[0047] In this embodiment, the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1 contains an expansion agent 7 in the form of at least two separately stored compounds, which, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor.

[0048] Expanding agent 7 in Figure 7 The diagram schematically illustrates that the expanding agent is in the form of a container with two compartments, in which the two compounds are stored separately. For example, such a container could be made of thin glass that, upon impact with the chamber element preform 1, breaks and spills the two compounds into the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1, where the compounds mix, initiating a chemical reaction that causes the volume of the expanding agent 7 to increase and / or vaporize. The container could also be made of thin plastic that loses its pressure seal under the influence of external factors such as elevated temperature or impact, allowing the separately stored compounds to combine. Importantly, the container's geometry should allow for introduction via valve 5. In an alternative embodiment, similar to Example 1, the container could be positioned in the gap between the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3 prior to the sealing step 6.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment, only one compound may be stored in the container, while the second compound, which reacts with the first compound, may be freely stored in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4. When the container loses its pressure seal due to, for example, an impact or shock, the compound stored in the container escapes and combines with the second compound stored in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4.

[0050] A non-limiting example of an expander 7 comprising at least two separately stored compounds that, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor is a polyol and an isocyanate, which, when combined, produce a chemical reaction that causes the polyurethane foam to expand. As a result, a pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 is filled with PUR foam, which increases the internal pressure and causes desired deformation of the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3, thereby forming a chamber element 8.

[0051] In alternative embodiments, any two or more compounds may be used, which, when combined, cause a volume increase and / or vapor generation, thereby increasing the pressure within the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 to deform the inner wall 2 and outer wall 3 of the chamber element preform 1. Such compounds may comprise, for example, separately stored iron and copper oxide (II), wherein during the reaction, the iron is reduced and the copper is oxidized, generating a significant amount of heat that can be used to boil the fluid present in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 to generate vapor and increase the pressure inside the chamber element preform 1.

[0052] In another alternative embodiment, the aforementioned initial step is achieved by freezing the chamber element preform 1. The chamber element preform 1 is placed in a freezer and cooled to a temperature that ensures the expansion agent 7 in water form is frozen (e.g., frozen to -6°C for a period of 2 hours) and that the volume within the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1 increases. In this alternative embodiment, the volume of the expansion agent 7 in the chamber element preform 1 is close to its maximum volume, or the maximum volume of the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1. A large volume of the expansion agent 7 in water form is necessary because water has a limited degree of volume expansion due to freezing, which increases the pressure within the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 and thus deforms the inner wall 2 and outer wall 3 of the chamber element preform 1 to obtain the final desired (i.e., deformed) chamber element 8.

[0053] After performing the steps of deforming the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 3, the chamber element 8 can be placed at room temperature or elevated temperature to melt the ice present in the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4. Then the valve 5 can be removed (e.g., by unscrewing) and the water present in the chamber element 8 can be poured out to obtain the final decorative element.

[0054] In this embodiment, the chamber element 8 formed by the chamber element preform 1 is in Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 It is shown in various views.

[0055] Example 3 exist Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of A schematically illustrates a third embodiment of the prefabricated chamber element 1 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the prefabricated chamber element 1 is a functional element used in the form of a fire barrier that protects vulnerable load-bearing components of a building, such as load-bearing columns 9. Figure 14 A to Figure 14 E is a cross-sectional view of the continuous steps in manufacturing a chamber element according to a third embodiment of the invention, the chamber element being fixed to a load-bearing column of a building structure.

[0056] like Figure 14 As shown in Figure A, the chamber element preform 1, manufactured using the method described in the second embodiment, is fixed to the outer surface of the load-bearing column 9 and fastened to the outer surface across its entire surface, thereby maintaining the pressure-sealed airtightness of the internal space 4. The chamber element preform 1 thus prepared is a ready-to-use fire barrier.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the chamber element preform 1 can be fastened to the fireproof structure by means of partial or point fastening.

[0058] If a fire spreads near the load-bearing column 9 (on which the precast chamber element 1 is mounted), the increased temperature causes the expanding agent 7 inside the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 to boil rapidly. This increases the internal pressure of the precast chamber element 1, causing it to deform. Figure 14 B to Figure 14 As shown in the continuous view in D, with the inner wall 2 secured to the load-bearing column 9 across its entire surface, the degree of deformation of the inner wall is significantly limited, allowing for significantly greater deformation of the outer wall 3. Therefore, a chamber element 8 is formed, which acts as a fire barrier, protecting the load-bearing column 9 from direct contact with flames and reducing the temperature acting on the load-bearing column 9, as... Figure 14 As shown in D. It is worth mentioning that valve 5 is arranged on the inner wall 2 of the chamber element preform 1, which is fastened to the load-bearing column 9. In order to make the inner wall 2 fully contact the surface of the load-bearing column 9, an opening is made in the load-bearing column 9, the purpose of which is to accommodate valve 5 of chamber element preform 1.

[0059] Figure 14 E shows the chamber element 8 after cooling, where the expander 7 has returned to its original state.

[0060] Alternatively, when using the expanding agent 7 in the form of polyols and isocyanates, as shown in the second embodiment, an increase in external temperature can cause the aforementioned compound storage container to rupture, and thus the compounds combine and begin to react, resulting in the formation of polyurethane foam inside the chamber element 8. Filling the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element 8 with polyurethane foam having good thermal insulation properties further improves the barrier function of the chamber element 8.

[0061] Example 4 exist Figure 15 A cross-sectional view schematically illustrates a fourth embodiment of the prefabricated chamber element 1 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the prefabricated chamber element 1 is a functional element used in the form of a fire barrier that protects vulnerable load-bearing components of a building, such as load-bearing columns 9. Figure 15 A to Figure 15 C shows a cross-sectional view of the sequential steps in manufacturing a fourth embodiment of a chamber element according to the invention, the chamber element being fixed to a load-bearing column 9 of a building structure, and Figure 16 It shows the result of Figure 15 Axonometric view of the chamber element manufactured from chamber element preform 1 of A.

[0062] The embodiments of the chamber element preform 1 and the method for manufacturing the chamber element preform 1 are substantially similar to the method shown in Example 3. Therefore, for the sake of clarity of this disclosure, the similar technical and structural characteristics of the steps of the chamber element preform 1 and the method for manufacturing the chamber element preform 1 will not be discussed in detail.

[0063] Unlike the chamber element preform 1 shown in Example 3, the chamber element preform 1 according to this embodiment does not have a valve, as shown in Example 1. The pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 contains an expanding agent 7, which comprises at least two separately stored compounds that, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor, similar to Example 2. In this embodiment, the chamber element preform 1 has an expanding agent shield 12 formed as a press-formed region on the outer wall 3, which forms a space capable of accommodating a container containing the expanding agent 7. This solution allows for maintaining the compact form of the entire chamber element preform 1, thereby limiting its thickness. The internal space of the expanding agent shield 12 is a component of the pressure-sealed, airtight internal space 4 of the chamber element preform 1.

[0064] like Figure 16As shown, the chamber element 8 (and the chamber element preform 1 that manufactures the chamber element 8) includes mounting holes 11, which are through openings. The mounting holes 11 are circumferentially sealed to maintain the airtightness of the pressure-sealed internal space 4. The mounting holes 11 are penetrated by fastening elements 10, for example in the form of bolts, which provide fastening to fire-resistant structures, such as load-bearing columns 9. This solution facilitates the fastening of the chamber element preform 1 to the desired structure protected from high temperatures and fire.

[0065] Due to the high temperature in a fire, the container storing the compound of the expanding agent 7 separately ruptures, and under this action, the expanding agent 7 combines and undergoes transformation and / or reaction, thereby generating vapor and increasing the internal pressure in the pressure-sealed airtight internal space 4. This causes the prefabricated chamber element 1 to deform, and causes the chamber element 8 to form a fire barrier for the load-bearing column 9.

[0066] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1 - Prefabricated chamber components 2 - Inner wall 3 - outer wall 4 - Pressure-sealed airtight internal space 5 - Valve 6 - Seals 7 - Expanding agent 8 - Chamber Components 9 - Load-bearing column 10 - Fastening components 11 - Mounting Holes 12 - Expander protective cover.

Claims

1. A chamber element preform (1) comprising an inner wall (2) and an outer wall (3), the inner wall and the outer wall being made of metal plates and arranged relative to each other with a gap between the inner wall and the outer wall, wherein, The edges of each of these walls (2, 3) are sealed with a seal (6) and define a pressure-sealed airtight internal space (4), characterized in that the pressure-sealed airtight internal space (4) contains an expanding agent (7).

2. The chamber element prefabricated component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A valve (5) is arranged on at least one of these walls (2, 3).

3. The chamber element prefabricated component (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that... The valve (5) is a control valve, a safety valve or a check valve.

4. The chamber element prefabricated part (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The seal (6) is a weldment, a pressure weldment, an adhesive layer, or a lap joint.

5. The chamber element prefabricated part (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The expanding agent (7) is water, alcohol, a mixture of alcohols or at least two separately stored compounds that, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor.

6. A method for manufacturing a prefabricated chamber element (1), characterized in that, The method for manufacturing the preform of the chamber component includes the following steps: a) Provide an inner wall (2) and an outer wall (3) made of a sheet of metal material, and arrange the inner wall and the outer wall relative to each other in a substantially parallel plane, with a gap between the inner wall and the outer wall, wherein the edges of the walls (2, 3) converge. b) Introduce the expanding agent (7) into the gap between the inner wall (2) and the outer wall (3). c) Seal the edges of the unconnected walls (2, 3) with a seal (6) to form a pressure-sealed, airtight internal space (4) containing the expansion agent (7).

7. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated chamber element (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that, A valve (5) is arranged on at least one of these walls (2, 3).

8. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated chamber element (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The valve (5) is a control valve, a safety valve, or a check valve.

9. The method for manufacturing the chamber element preform (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The expanding agent (7) is introduced through the valve (5).

10. The method for manufacturing the chamber element preform (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that, After sealing the edges of the unconnected walls (2, 3) with the seal (6), the expansion agent (7) is introduced into the airtight interior space (4) of the pressure seal through the valve (5).

11. A method for manufacturing the chamber element preform (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that, The seal (6) is made by fusion welding, pressure welding, gluing or crimping.

12. The method for manufacturing the chamber element preform (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that, The expanding agent (7) is water, alcohol, a mixture of alcohols or at least two separately stored compounds that, when combined, cause an increase in volume or generate heat and vapor.

13. A method for manufacturing a chamber element (8), characterized in that, The method of manufacturing the chamber element includes the following steps: providing a chamber element preform (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, and then starting to increase the volume of the expander (7) or the expander generates heat and vapor to deform the inner wall (2) and / or the outer wall (3) by the internal pressure of the fluid generated due to the increase in the volume of the expander (7) and / or the expansioner generating vapor.

14. The method for manufacturing the chamber element (8) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The increase in volume of the expander (7) or the generation of heat and vapor by the expander is initiated by subjecting the chamber element preform (1) to heating, cooling, vibration or impact.

15. The method for manufacturing the chamber element (8) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The degree of deformation of the inner wall (2) and / or the outer wall (3) is controlled by the valve (5).

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