Conjugate eccentric coupling phase synchronous hole planting integrated potato planter with sprouts

Abstract

This invention discloses a conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planter with sprouts, belonging to the field of agricultural planting equipment technology. It includes a frame, with a suspension device, a ground wheel device, and a seed box sequentially arranged on top of the frame. The ground wheel device includes a ground wheel, a ground wheel frame, a wheel height adjustment device, a second drive shaft, a first sprocket, and a second sprocket. The ground wheel and the second drive shaft are nested and fixed. The ground wheel frame includes a boss base frame, a base slot, a ground wheel fixing plate, and a ground wheel hexagonal bearing. The first sprocket is fixed to the second drive shaft by a key. The ground wheel hexagonal bearing is located in a circular pipe at the lower front of the ground wheel frame and nested with the first drive hexagonal shaft. The second sprocket is located at the nested connection and forms a chain drive with the first sprocket via a chain to stably transmit power from the ground wheel to the first drive hexagonal shaft. The telescopic rod of the wheel height adjustment device is fixed to the base slot by a pin to achieve ground wheel height adjustment and ensure stable power take-off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting equipment technology, and in particular to a conjugate eccentric coupling phase synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts. Background Technology

[0002] Potatoes are an important economic crop in Northwest my country and hilly terraced areas. They are often cultivated using ridge planting and plastic film mulching to improve soil moisture retention, increase soil temperature, and improve germination rates. Current plastic film mulching methods for potatoes typically require multiple steps, including laying the film, creating planting holes (or breaking the film), planting the seeds, and covering the holes with soil. These steps are numerous and poorly coordinated. Especially in hilly terraced fields, small plots, and undulating terrain, relying on manual labor or segmented machinery is not only inefficient and labor-intensive, but also significantly affects the quality of the work due to human factors, making it difficult to achieve consistent hole spacing, planting depth, and soil coverage.

[0003] Currently, potato planters on the market mainly employ various seed-rearing methods, including the eye-wheel type, spoon chain type, and conical disc type, which generally achieve seeding through gravity dropping or mechanical seed removal. In actual operation, due to the large differences in seed potato size, irregular surface morphology, and the sensitivity of sprouted seed potatoes to compression and collision, traditional seed-rearing structures are prone to problems such as unstable seed removal quantity, missed planting and double planting, blockage, and damage to sprouts. Furthermore, under mulch film covering conditions, the timing consistency of "opening holes on the film—planting—closing holes" is even more crucial. If the planting time and the hole opening window are not precisely matched, seed potatoes may fall onto the film surface, into shallow holes, or the hole opening may not close, leading to moisture loss and exposed potatoes, thus affecting the uniformity of seedling emergence and yield. Existing integrated mulch film planting equipment generally suffers from large size, complex transmission links, and inconvenience in turning and maneuvering in small plots. Under complex terrain and varying soil hardness conditions, the hole-forming mechanism is prone to transmission vibration and phase drift due to impact loads, resulting in asynchronous hole-forming and seeding, and insufficient operational stability. Especially for models that use a rotating hole-forming and seeding linkage, if there is a lack of a transmission connection structure that can stably define the phase relationship and has a certain assembly compensation and buffering capacity, it is difficult to maintain the synchronization accuracy of "fixed-phase hole opening - fixed-phase seeding" under field conditions for a long time. There is an urgent need for a potato hole-opening and soil-covering planting machine with a compact structure, a clear power transmission path, and the ability to continuously operate hole opening, fixed-phase seeding, and soil covering under mulch film conditions. This machine should improve the accuracy of hole opening and seeding coordination, reduce missed planting and replanting, and seed potato sprout damage through stable phase synchronization transmission, and be adaptable to complex terrain. This would solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems existing in potato planting operations under mulch film covering, such as dispersed processes, difficulty in accurately matching the timing of hole formation and seeding, high probability of missed planting and replanting, easy damage to seed potatoes (especially those with sprouts) during seed collection and placement, large equipment size, and insufficient adaptability to complex terrains such as hilly terraces. This invention proposes a conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized hole formation and seeding integrated sprouted potato planting machine. By establishing a stable ground wheel power take-off transmission link and using a conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized mechanism to deterministically couple the hole formation and seeding rhythms, this invention ensures that the seed potato placement time strictly corresponds to the inoculation window of the hole formation mechanism, achieving continuous operation of mulching, hole formation on the film, phased seeding, and soil covering to close the holes, thereby improving planting consistency and operational efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts includes: a frame, on which a suspension device, a row wheel device and a seed box are arranged in sequence; A first transmission hexagonal shaft is provided below the frame, and a connecting fastener is provided on the frame. The other side of the connecting fastener is welded and fixed to the front small frame. A hexagonal bearing is provided below the connecting fastener to nest and cooperate with the first transmission hexagonal shaft to support the rotation of the first transmission hexagonal shaft. The suspension device is provided above the frame and the front small frame. A seed box and an intermediate frame are respectively installed above the front small frame. The intermediate frame is fixed to the front small frame with bolts. Side frames are provided on both sides and rear of the front small frame. The side frame is provided with a film covering device, a seed potato fan disc seeding device, a hole-forming mechanism and a rear frame in sequence along the working direction. Seats are provided on both sides above the rear frame and soil covering devices are provided on both sides below the rear frame. The acupoint formation mechanism is a double-disc rotating acupoint formation mechanism, including a third drive shaft, a disc base driven to rotate by the third drive shaft, and multiple sets of duckbill acupoint formation assemblies arranged circumferentially along the disc base; the duckbill acupoint formation assembly includes a fixed sleeve, an inoculation port, a movable duckbill one, a movable duckbill two, a return spring, and a duckbill movable bearing; the disc base is movably connected to the duckbill acupoint formation assembly through a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is provided with a boss guide rail that cooperates with the duckbill movable bearing, so that when the duckbill acupoint formation assembly rotates to a predetermined phase, it is squeezed by the guide rail to open and form an inoculation window, and closes under the action of the return spring after leaving the predetermined phase to complete the acupoint formation action; The seed potato fan-shaped tray seeding device includes a movable fan-shaped tray, a seed dropping tray box, and a seed potato planting port. The movable fan-shaped tray is located above the seed dropping tray box, and the seed potato planting port is located below the seed dropping tray box, with the seed potato planting port corresponding to the inoculation port.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the ground wheel device includes a ground wheel, a ground wheel frame, a wheel height adjustment device, a second drive shaft, a first sprocket, and a second sprocket; The ground wheel is disposed inside the ground wheel frame and nested and fixed with the second drive shaft so that the ground wheel rolls and drives the second drive shaft to rotate; the first sprocket is fixed to the second drive shaft by a key connection. The ground wheel frame includes a boss base frame, a base slot, a ground wheel fixing plate, and a ground wheel hexagonal bearing. A circular pipe is provided at the lower front of the ground wheel frame. The ground wheel hexagonal bearing is located inside the circular pipe and is nested with the first transmission hexagonal shaft. The second sprocket is located at the ground wheel hexagonal bearing and forms a chain drive with the first sprocket through a chain to transmit the force from the ground wheel to the first transmission hexagonal shaft. The telescopic rod of the wheel height adjustment device is fixed to the base slot by a pin, and the outer shell of the wheel height adjustment device is welded to the boss base frame. The ground wheel fixing plate is fixed to the frame by bolts.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the cavity-forming mechanism is a double-disc rotating cavity-forming mechanism, which includes a duckbill cavity-forming component, a disc base, a connecting plate, a third transmission shaft, and a fixed bearing; The cavity-forming mechanism is rotatably connected to the intermediate frame via a fixed bearing in the middle to achieve stable support and rotational positioning of the cavity-forming mechanism relative to the intermediate frame; the fixed shaft cooperates with the third transmission shaft to enable the third transmission shaft to rotate stably within the fixed bearing; The third drive shaft is fixedly connected to the disc base via a flange, so that the torque output of the third drive shaft is transmitted to the disc base without gap, thereby driving the disc base to rotate synchronously around the axis of the third drive shaft. The left and right sides of the disc base are respectively provided with fixing structures for installing connecting plates. The fixing structure is preferably a U-shaped fixing slot or an equivalent clamping structure, so that multiple sets of connecting plates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the disc base and rotate synchronously with the disc base.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the connecting plate is provided with a boss guide rail, and the duckbill cavity forming assembly is provided with a duckbill movable bearing adapted to the boss guide rail, so that the duckbill cavity forming assembly can achieve controlled opening and closing during the rotation of the disc base.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the duckbill cavity-forming assembly includes a fixing sleeve, an inoculation port, a movable duckbill one, a movable duckbill two, a return spring, and a duckbill movable bearing, wherein: The fixing sleeve is used to provide an installation base and axial positioning for the duckbill hole-forming component. The upper end of the fixing sleeve is connected and fixed to the inoculation port by bolts, so that the inoculation port and the seed potato seeding port of the seeding device form a seed dropping channel with corresponding upper and lower dimensions. The movable duckbill one and movable duckbill two are respectively provided with grooves that cooperate with the fixed sleeve, and they are nested on the fixed sleeve through the grooves to achieve relative opening and closing movement. The lower ends of the movable duckbill one and movable duckbill two form a hole-forming part in the soil, which can form a hole cavity when it opens and tighten the hole shape when it closes.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the annular fixing plate includes a bearing seat, which is nested with a fixing sleeve on one side of the duckbill cavity forming assembly through a connector, so as to provide lateral support to the duckbill cavity forming assembly as it rotates with the disc base; The inner ring of the circular fixing plate is nested in the fixing fixture on the side frame and is clamped and limited by the fixing fixture. The fixing fixture is fixed to the side frame by bolts, so that the circular fixing plate maintains a stable position relative to the side frame.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the seed potato fan-shaped disc seeding device includes a movable fan-shaped disc, a seed dropping disc box, and a seed dropping transmission device, wherein: The movable fan blade disc is positioned above the seed-dropping disc box. The movable fan blade disc has eight fan blades forming eight seeding boxes. The eight seeding boxes are evenly distributed along the circumference to separate, carry, and transport the seed potatoes in a rhythmic manner during the rotation of the movable fan blade disc. At least one seed potato planting port is provided below the seed dropping disc box. The seed potato planting port is located above the inoculation port of the duckbill hole-forming component, so that when the seed potato falls from the seed potato planting port, it can enter the inoculation port under the action of gravity.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the seeding transmission device includes a support base, a bevel gear reducer and a fourth transmission shaft. The seed-dropping disc box is welded to the support base. The bevel gear reducer is fixed to the upper inner side of the support base by bolts. The bevel gear reducer is connected to the fourth transmission shaft by a key to transmit the input torque to the fourth transmission shaft.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the film coating device includes a film mounting frame, a film pressing wheel, a connecting frame, a suspension plate, a film mounting rod, a film spreading rod, a spring, and a film pressing wheel connecting rod, wherein: The film mounting frame is welded to the lower front of the two side frames respectively. The film mounting rod is nested in the lower circular hole of the film mounting frame and fixed by a cotter pin, which is used to support and release the film roll. The film spreading rod is set below the film mounting rod. The film spreading rod is fixed to one side of the suspension plate by bolts. The other side of the suspension plate is suspended from the lower hole of the film mounting frame by bolts, so as to realize the height and posture adjustment of the film spreading rod. The pressing roller is located behind the film-installing machine frame. A connecting frame is provided at the center of the pressing roller. The connecting frame is connected to the film-installing machine frame by bolts. The pressing roller connecting rod is nested and fixed on the extension frame at the rear of the film-installing machine frame. A spring is provided on the outer sleeve of the pressing roller connecting rod. The upper end of the pressing roller connecting rod is positioned and engaged with the film-installing machine frame through a pin hole, a washer, and a cotter pin. This allows the pressing roller to continuously press the film under the elastic preload of the spring and float with the terrain, thereby suppressing the phenomenon of film peeling or loosening caused by the periodic soil entry of the pit-forming mechanism.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: the soil covering device includes a soil covering plate, a soil covering fixing bracket and a movable fixing component. The soil covering fixing bracket is set on the extension frame of the rear frame. The movable fixing component is nested in the lower end of the soil covering fixing bracket. A fixing rod is provided behind the soil covering plate and nested and fixed with the movable fixing component so that the angle and spacing of the soil covering plate can be adjusted, thereby gathering the soil on both sides of the ridge surface towards the hole on the film to achieve soil covering and hole closing. The power transmission system includes a ground wheel device, a first hexagonal drive shaft, a second drive shaft, and a third drive shaft. The ground wheel device takes power and outputs it through the second drive shaft. The first sprocket on the second drive shaft and the second sprocket located at the ground wheel hexagonal bearing form a chain drive through a chain to transmit the ground wheel torque to the first hexagonal drive shaft. The first transmission hexagonal shaft is provided with a third sprocket and a fifth sprocket in the middle, and the third transmission shaft is provided with a fourth sprocket and a sixth sprocket in the middle. The third sprocket and the fourth sprocket form a first chain drive through a chain, and the fifth sprocket and the sixth sprocket form a second chain drive through a chain, so as to realize stable power input and distribution from the first transmission hexagonal shaft to the third transmission shaft.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The ground wheel device includes a ground wheel, a ground wheel frame, a wheel height adjustment device, a second drive shaft, a first sprocket, and a second sprocket. The ground wheel and the second drive shaft are nested and fixed. The ground wheel frame includes a boss base frame, a base slot, a ground wheel fixing plate, and a ground wheel hexagonal bearing. The first sprocket is fixed to the second drive shaft by a key. The ground wheel hexagonal bearing is located in the annular pipe at the lower front of the ground wheel frame and is nested with the first drive hexagonal shaft. The second sprocket is located at the nested joint and forms a chain drive with the first sprocket through a chain to stably transmit the power from the ground wheel to the first drive hexagonal shaft. The telescopic rod of the wheel height adjustment device is fixed to the base slot by a pin to realize the adjustment of the ground wheel height and ensure stable power take-off under different terrain conditions. 2. The circular fixing plate includes a bearing seat, which is nested with a fixing sleeve on one side of the duckbill hole-forming assembly via a connector. The inner ring of the circular fixing plate is nested in a fixing clamp on the side frame and is limited and fixed by the fixing clamp to provide lateral support and constraint for the movement posture and running trajectory of the duckbill hole-forming assembly, thereby improving the alignment stability of the inoculation port and the seed discharge port. 3. The film covering device includes a film hanging frame, a film pressing wheel, a film hanging rod, a film spreading rod, and an elastic pressing structure. The film pressing wheel is elastically connected to the film hanging frame through a connecting rod and a spring, so that the film pressing wheel applies continuous downward pressure to the film and floats with the terrain, thereby suppressing the film peeling, loosening, or displacement when the hole-forming mechanism periodically enters the soil to open the hole, reducing the risk of moisture loss. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A front view provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A top view provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A side view provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial transmission provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the ground wheel device structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the coating device structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the acupressure device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-disc rotating acupuncture device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure I ; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-disc rotating acupuncture device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure II ; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the duckbill acupressure device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the disc-rotating acupuncture device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the outer structure of the annular fixing plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the seed potato fan-shaped disc seeding device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the soil covering device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a mechanism transmission structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0017] Legend: 1. Seed box; 2. Suspension device; 3. Frame; 4. Film covering device; 4-1. Film hanging frame; 4-2. Film hanging rod; 4-3. Film spreading rod; 4-4. Suspension plate; 4-5. Spring; 5. Film pressing wheel; 5-1. Film pressing wheel connecting rod; 5-2. Connecting frame; 6. Ground wheel device; 6-1. Ground wheel frame; 6-2. Second drive shaft; 6-3. First sprocket; 6-4. Second sprocket; 6-5. Wheel height adjustment device; 6-5-1. Telescopic... 6-6. Rod; 6-7. Base slot; 6-8. Boss base frame; 6-9. Ground wheel fixing plate; 6-1. Ground wheel hexagonal bearing; 7. Soil covering device; 7-1. Soil covering disc; 7-2. Soil covering fixing bracket; 8. First transmission hexagonal shaft; 8-1. Third sprocket; 8-2. Fifth sprocket; 8-3. Fourth sprocket; 8-4. Sixth sprocket; 9. Double disc rotating hole-drilling device; 9-1. Circular ring fixing plate; 9-2. Third transmission shaft; 9-3. Bearing seat 9-4. Fixing clamp; 9-5. Connecting piece; 9-6. Connecting plate; 9-7. Boss guide rail; 9-8. Intermediate frame; 9-9. Duckbill hole-punching device; 9-9-1. Inoculation port; 9-9-2. Movable duckbill one; 9-9-3. Movable duckbill two; 9-9-4. Duckbill movable bearing; 9-9-5. Return spring; 9-9-6. Fixing sleeve; 9-10. Disc base; 9-11. Fixed bearing; 10. Seed feeding transmission device; 10-1 Support base; 10-2 Bevel gear reducer; 10-3 Eighth sprocket; 10-4 Seventh sprocket; 11 Seat; 12 Ground wheel; 13 Seed potato fan blade plate seeding device; 13-1 Movable fan blade plate; 13-2 Seed dropping disc box; 13-3 Seed potato seeding inlet; 13-4 Fourth drive shaft; 14 Side frame; 15 Rear frame; 16 Front small frame; 16-1 Connecting fasteners; 17 Transmission system. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example: This example provides a conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized hole-planting and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts. See [link to example]. Figures 1-4 Specifically, it includes a frame 3, on which a suspension device 2, a ground wheel device 6 and a seed box 1 are arranged in sequence, for connecting with the tractor at three points, realizing ground wheel power take-off and seed potato storage and supply; A first transmission hexagonal shaft 8 is located below the frame 3. The frame 3 is welded and fixed to the front small frame 16 via a connecting fastener 16-1. A hexagonal bearing is located below the connecting fastener 16-1 and nests with the first transmission hexagonal shaft 8 to achieve support and rotational transmission of the first transmission hexagonal shaft 8. An intermediate frame 9-8 is located above the front small frame 16 and is fixed to the front small frame 16 with bolts. Side frames 14 are located on the rear sides of the front small frame 16. Along the working direction, the side frame 14 is equipped with a film covering device 4, a seed potato fan disc seeding device 13, a double disc rotating hole-making device 9, and a rear frame 15. Seats 11 are set on both sides above the rear frame 15, and soil covering devices 7 are set on both sides below the rear frame 15, thus forming a continuous operation chain of "film covering - hole making on film - fixed phase seeding - soil covering and hole closing".

[0020] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the ground wheel device 6 includes a ground wheel 12, a ground wheel frame 6-1, a wheel height adjustment device 6-5, a second drive shaft 6-2, a first sprocket 6-3, and a second sprocket 6-4. The ground wheel 12 is nested and fixed to the second drive shaft 6-2, so that when the ground wheel 12 rolls, it drives the second drive shaft 6-2 to rotate synchronously. The first sprocket 6-3 is fixed to the second drive shaft 6-2 by a key. The ground wheel frame 6-1 includes a boss base frame 6-7, a base slot 6-6, a ground wheel fixing plate 6-8, and a ground wheel hexagonal bearing 6-9. A circular pipe is provided at the lower front of the ground wheel frame 6-1 for installing the ground wheel hexagonal bearing 6-9. The ground wheel hexagonal bearing 6-9 is nested with the first transmission hexagonal shaft 8. The second sprocket 6-4 is set at the mating point and forms a chain drive with the first sprocket 6-3 through a chain to transmit the force from the ground wheel to the first transmission hexagonal shaft 8. The telescopic rod 6-5-1 of the wheel height adjustment device 6-5 is fixed to the base slot 6-6 by a pin, and its outer shell is welded to the boss base frame 6-7. It is used to adjust the relative height of the ground wheel 12 and the ground under different terrain undulations to ensure stable power take-off and adaptability of the machine posture.

[0021] Reference Figures 9-12As shown, the double-disc rotating acupuncture device 9 includes a duckbill acupuncture device 9-9, a disc base 9-10, a connecting plate 9-6, a third drive shaft 9-2, and a fixed bearing 9-11. The double-disc rotating acupuncture device 9 is connected to the intermediate frame 9-8 through the fixed bearing 9-11 to achieve stable rotation of the third drive shaft 9-2. The third drive shaft 9-2 and the disc base 9-10 are fixedly fitted by a flange, so that the power of the third drive shaft 9-2 drives the disc base 9-10 to rotate. The left and right sides of the disc base 9-10 are provided with structures such as U-shaped fixing slots for fixing the connecting plate 9-6, so that the connecting plate 9-6 rotates synchronously with the disc base 9-10. Every two connecting plates 9-6 nest and fix the duckbill punching device 9-9 through their circular sleeves, so that multiple sets of duckbill punching devices 9-9 run periodically in the circumferential direction. During the rotation of the disc base 9-10, the duckbill acupuncture device 9-9 maintains a downward posture under the action of gravity and limiting support, and achieves the formation of acupuncture points and inoculation windows by "fixed phase opening - fixed phase closing" under the constraint of the guide rail.

[0022] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 As shown, the duckbill punching device 9-9 includes a fixed sleeve 9-9-6, an inoculation port 9-9-1, a movable duckbill one 9-9-2, a movable duckbill two 9-9-3, a return spring 9-9-5, and a duckbill movable bearing 9-9-4. The movable duckbill one 9-9-2 and the movable duckbill two 9-9-3 are nested on the fixed sleeve 9-9-6 through slots and can open and close relative to each other. The inoculation port 9-9-1 is fixed above the fixed sleeve 9-9-6 and is used to receive the seed potatoes falling from the seeding device. The return spring 9-9-5 is connected between the movable duckbill one 9-9-2 and the movable duckbill two 9-9-3 to provide a return force for the duckbill to close. The connecting plate 9-6 is provided with a boss guide rail 9-7. The duckbill movable bearing 9-9-4 is in rolling cooperation with the boss guide rail 9-7. When the duckbill movable bearing 9-9-4 moves along the rising section of the boss guide rail 9-7, the guide rail applies a squeezing force to the duckbill, causing the movable duckbill 1 9-9-2 and movable duckbill 2 9-9-3 to gradually open and form the maximum inoculation window at the highest point. When the duckbill movable bearing 9-9-4 moves along the descending section of the guide rail, the squeezing force is released, and the movable duckbill closes back to its original position under the action of the return spring 9-9-5, thereby completing one periodic acupoint formation action. To improve the stability of the duckbill operation and the accuracy of inoculation alignment, the circular ring fixing plate 9-1 includes a bearing seat 9-3. The bearing seat 9-3 is nested and connected to the fixing sleeve 9-9-6 on one side of the duckbill puncture device 9-9 through a connector 9-5. The inner ring of the circular ring fixing plate 9-1 is nested in the fixing clamp 9-4 on the side frame 14 and is limited and fixed by the fixing clamp 9-4, thereby providing lateral support and attitude constraint for the duckbill puncture device 9-9 and reducing the swaying deviation caused by high-speed rotation and soil impact.

[0023] Reference Figure 14 As shown, the seed potato fan-shaped plate seeding device 13 includes a movable fan-shaped plate 13-1, a seed dropping disc box 13-2, and a seeding transmission device 10. The movable fan-shaped plate 13-1 has eight fan blades forming eight seeding boxes, which are located above the seed dropping disc box 13-2. The seed dropping disc box 13-2 has a seed potato dispensing port 13-3 below it. The seed potato dispensing port 13-3 corresponds vertically to the inoculation port 9-9-1 of the duckbill hole-punching device 9-9, so that the seed potato can fall from the dispensing port into the inoculation port under the action of gravity. The seeding transmission device 10 includes a support base 10-1, a bevel gear reducer 10-2, and a fourth transmission shaft 13-4. The seed-feeding disc box 13-2 is welded to the support base 10-1. The bevel gear reducer 10-2 is fixed to the upper inner side of the support base 10-1 by bolts. The bevel gear reducer 10-2 is connected to the fourth transmission shaft 13-4 by a key to drive the movable fan blade disc 13-1 to rotate. The fourth transmission shaft 13-4 is provided with an eighth sprocket 10-3, and the third transmission shaft 9-2 is provided with a seventh sprocket 10-4. The two are connected by chain drive to realize power transmission. To achieve precise matching between planting holes and seed placement, the transmission ratio of the bevel gear reducer 10-2 is set to 1:2. When the third drive shaft 9-2 drives the duckbill mechanism to rotate one revolution, the movable fan blade disk 13-1 rotates half a revolution. Combined with the structure of 4 sets of duckbill hole-planting devices 9-9 configured for each group of hole-planting mechanisms on the third drive shaft 9-2 and 8 planting boxes set on the fan blade disk, a stable rhythm correspondence can be formed. By adjusting the phase angle between the seed potato planting port 13-3 and the inoculation port 9-9-1, the seed potato is aligned with the phase position of the duckbill opening to the maximum inoculation window when it is planted. A conjugate eccentric coupling phase synchronization mechanism can be set between the third drive shaft 9-2 and the fourth drive shaft 13-4 to limit the phase correspondence between the two shafts while transmitting torque, thereby suppressing phase drift under field impact load conditions and improving the synchronization stability of planting holes and sowing.

[0024] Reference Figure 7As shown, the film covering device 4 includes a film hanging frame 4-1, a film pressing wheel 5, a connecting frame 5-2, a suspension plate 4-4, a film hanging rod 4-2, a film spreading rod 4-3, a spring 4-5, and a film pressing wheel connecting rod 5-1. The film hanging frame 4-1 is welded to the lower front of the two side frames 14. The film hanging rod 4-2 is nested in the lower round hole of the film hanging frame 4-1 and is fixed by a cotter pin. The film is installed on the film hanging rod 4-2. The film spreading rod 4-3 is used to spread the film to the surface of the ridge. The film pressing wheel 5 applies a continuous pressing force to the film under the elastic pre-tension of the spring 4-5 and can float with the terrain, thereby suppressing the phenomenon of film peeling or loosening caused by the soil entry operation of the hole-forming mechanism. Reference Figure 15 As shown, the soil covering device 7 includes a soil covering disc 7-1, a soil covering fixing bracket 7-2, and a movable fixing component 7-3. The soil covering fixing bracket 7-2 is set on the extension frame of the rear frame 15. The movable fixing component 7-3 is nested in the lower end of the soil covering fixing bracket 7-2. The soil covering disc 7-1 is fixed to the movable fixing component 7-3 by a fixing rod to realize the adjustment of the position and angle of the soil covering disc, which is used to gather the soil on both sides of the ridge towards the hole on the film to complete the soil covering and hole closing.

[0025] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 16 As shown, the power transmission system 17 includes a ground wheel device 6, a first transmission hexagonal shaft 8, a second transmission shaft 6-2 and a third transmission shaft 9-2. In the ground wheel device 6, the first sprocket 6-3 is mounted on the second transmission shaft 6-2, and the second sprocket 6-4 is mounted at the ground wheel hexagonal bearing 6-9. The two are connected by a chain to form a chain drive, which transmits the force taken from the ground wheel to the first transmission hexagonal shaft 8. The first transmission hexagonal shaft 8 has a third sprocket 8-1 and a fifth sprocket 8-2 in the middle, and the third transmission shaft 9-2 has a fourth sprocket 8-3 and a sixth sprocket 8-4 in the middle. The third sprocket 8-1 and the fourth sprocket 8-3 form a chain drive through a chain, and the fifth sprocket 8-2 and the sixth sprocket 8-4 form a chain drive through a chain, thereby stably inputting power into the third transmission shaft 9-2 to drive the double-disc rotating hole-drilling device 9 and the seed-feeding device 13 through the chain drive of the seventh sprocket 10-4 / eighth sprocket 10-3, realizing the linkage of all working parts of the machine.

[0026] Before operation, the film is installed on the film-hanging rod 4-2 of the film-covering device 4 and a section of film is pre-unfolded. The front end is compacted and fixed with soil. Seed potatoes are then filled into the seed-dropping disc box 13-2. The implement is connected to the tractor via a three-point suspension device 2, and the tractor pulls the implement forward. When the machine is moving, the film covering device 4 spreads the film flat on the ridge surface under the action of the film spreading rod 4-3. The film pressing roller 5 continuously presses the film under the pre-tightening force of the spring 4-5 and floats with the terrain to ensure that the film surface is flat and stable. At the same time, the ground wheel 12 rolls in contact with the ground, driving the second drive shaft 6-2 to rotate. The power is transmitted to the first drive hexagonal shaft 8 through the first sprocket 6-3 and the second sprocket 6-4, and then input to the third drive shaft 9-2 through the third sprocket 8-1 / fourth sprocket 8-3 and the fifth sprocket 8-2 / sixth sprocket 8-4. The third drive shaft 9-2 drives the disc base 9-10 to rotate. The duckbill hole-making device 9-9 moves in a circular motion and opens at a predetermined phase under the control of the boss guide rail 9-7 to form the maximum inoculation window and complete the hole-making on the film. At the same time, the third drive shaft 9-2 drives the fourth drive shaft 13-4 through chain drive and bevel gear reducer 10-2 to drive the movable fan blade disk 13-1 to rotate in rhythm. When the planting box runs to the seed potato planting port 13-3, the seed potato falls and enters the corresponding inoculation port 9-9-1 to complete the directional planting. Then the duckbill closes and returns to its original position under the action of the return spring 9-9-5. To ensure that the planting rhythm and the sowing rhythm remain consistent under field impact loads and terrain undulations, this invention incorporates a conjugate eccentric coupling phase synchronization mechanism in the linkage between the third drive shaft 9-2 and the fourth drive shaft 13-4. This mechanism serves as a component of the sowing transmission device 10. While transmitting torque, this phase synchronization mechanism constrains the phase relationship between the input and output shafts, ensuring that the seed drop time of the seed potato planting port 13-3 stably corresponds to the phase interval of the inoculation window 9-9-1 formed by the opening of the duckbill hole-drilling device 9-9. This achieves integrated coordination of "phase-synchronized hole-drilling and sowing". The conjugate eccentric coupling phase synchronization mechanism includes a conjugate eccentric drive component and an eccentric driven component. The eccentric drive component is connected to the third transmission shaft 9-2 or its output sprocket 7 sprocket 10-4, and the eccentric driven component is connected to the fourth transmission shaft 13-4 or its input sprocket 8 sprocket 10-3. The two components form a torque transmission channel through the conjugate engagement with corresponding eccentricities. While transmitting power, the eccentric drive component and the eccentric driven component have a definite assembly angle relationship, which makes a definite phase mapping between the input end and the output end. This suppresses phase drift caused by chain drive gaps, transient impacts or load fluctuations, and improves the alignment stability of the seeding and inoculation windows. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase synchronization mechanism can also be equipped with a phase angle adjustment structure to achieve assembly calibration and fine-tuning of the seeding phase. The phase angle adjustment structure can adopt any of the following methods: 1. Multiple sets of circumferentially distributed positioning holes are set at the connection between the eccentric driving component and the eccentric driven component, and the initial phase angle is adjusted by changing the bolt assembly hole position; 2. A variable key / adjustable keyway structure is adopted between the third drive shaft 9-2 and the seventh sprocket 10-4 or the fourth drive shaft 13-4 and the eighth sprocket 10-3, so that the phase angle can be finely adjusted by changing the key position; 3. A detachable positioning structure is adopted at the connection between the fourth drive shaft 13-4 and the central ring of the movable fan blade disk 13-1. The seed drop window is aligned with the inoculation window by changing the positioning position.

[0027] With the above structure, the present invention can quickly calibrate the "seed placement-inoculation" correspondence after assembly or maintenance, so that the seed potato landing point is always within the effective window of the maximum opening stage of the duckbill, avoiding the seed potato landing on the film surface, landing off-center, or landing in a non-open state, which would lead to missed planting.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts, characterized in that, include: The frame (3) is provided with a suspension device (2), a ground wheel device (6) and a seed box (1) in sequence above the frame (3); A first transmission hexagonal shaft (8) is provided below the frame (3), and a connecting fastener (16-1) is provided on the frame (3). The other side of the connecting fastener (16-1) is welded and fixed to the front small frame (16). A hexagonal bearing is provided below the connecting fastener (16-1) to nest and cooperate with the first transmission hexagonal shaft (8) to support the rotation of the first transmission hexagonal shaft (8). The suspension device (2) is provided above the frame (3) and the front small frame (16). Seed box (1) and intermediate frame (9-8) are respectively provided above the front small frame (16). The intermediate frame (9-8) is fixed to the front small frame (16) by bolts. Side frames (14) are provided on both sides of the rear of the front small frame (16). The side frame (14) is provided with a film covering device (4), a seed potato fan disc seeding device (13), a hole-forming mechanism (9) and a rear frame (15) in sequence along the working direction. Seats (11) are provided on both sides above the rear frame (15), and soil covering devices (7) are provided on both sides below the rear frame (15). The cavity-forming mechanism (9) is a double-disc rotating cavity-forming mechanism, including a third drive shaft (9-2), a disk base (9-10) driven to rotate by the third drive shaft (9-2), and multiple sets of duckbill cavity-forming assemblies (9-9) arranged circumferentially along the disk base (9-10); the duckbill cavity-forming assembly (9-9) includes a fixed sleeve (9-9-6), an inoculation port (9-9-1), a movable duckbill one (9-9-2), a movable duckbill two (9-9-3), and a return spring (9-9-5). The disc base (9-10) is movably connected to the duckbill cavity-forming assembly (9-9) via a connecting plate (9-6). The connecting plate (9-6) is provided with a boss guide rail (9-7) that cooperates with the duckbill movable bearing (9-9-4). When the duckbill cavity-forming assembly (9-9) rotates to a predetermined phase, it is squeezed by the guide rail to open and form an inoculation window. After leaving the predetermined phase, it closes under the action of the return spring (9-9-5) to complete the cavity-forming action. The seed potato fan-shaped plate seeding device (13) includes a movable fan-shaped plate (13-1), a seed dropping disc box (13-2), and a seed potato planting port (13-3). The movable fan-shaped plate (13-1) is located above the seed dropping disc box (13-2), and the seed potato planting port (13-3) is located below the seed dropping disc box (13-2). The seed potato planting port (13-3) corresponds to the inoculation port (9-9-1).

2. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ground wheel device (6) includes a ground wheel (12), a ground wheel frame (6-1), a wheel height adjustment device (6-5), a second drive shaft (6-2), a first sprocket (6-3), and a second sprocket (6-4). The ground wheel (12) is located inside the ground wheel frame (6-1) and nested and fixed with the second drive shaft (6-2) so that the ground wheel (12) rolls and drives the second drive shaft (6-2) to rotate; the first sprocket (6-3) is fixed on the second drive shaft (6-2) by a key connection; The ground wheel frame (6-1) includes a boss base frame (6-7), a base slot (6-6), a ground wheel fixing plate (6-8), and a ground wheel hexagonal bearing (6-9). A circular pipe is provided at the lower front of the ground wheel frame (6-1). The ground wheel hexagonal bearing (6-9) is located inside the circular pipe and is nested with the first transmission hexagonal shaft (8). The second sprocket (6-4) is located at the ground wheel hexagonal bearing (6-9) and forms a chain drive with the first sprocket (6-3) through a chain to transmit the force from the ground wheel to the first transmission hexagonal shaft (8). The telescopic rod (6-5-1) of the wheel height adjustment device (6-5) is fixed to the base slot (6-6) by a pin, and the outer shell of the wheel height adjustment device (6-5) is welded to the boss base frame (6-7). The ground wheel fixing plate (6-8) is fixed to the frame (3) by bolts.

3. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity forming mechanism (9) is a double-disc rotating cavity forming mechanism. The cavity forming mechanism (9) includes a duckbill cavity forming component (9-9), a disc base (9-10), a connecting plate (9-6), a third transmission shaft (9-2), and a fixed bearing (9-11). The cavity forming mechanism (9) is rotatably connected to the intermediate frame (9-8) through a fixed bearing (9-11) in the middle, so as to achieve stable support and rotational positioning of the cavity forming mechanism (9) relative to the intermediate frame (9-8); the fixed bearing (9-11) cooperates with the third transmission shaft (9-2) so that the third transmission shaft (9-2) can rotate stably within the fixed bearing (9-11); The third drive shaft (9-2) and the disc base (9-10) are fixedly connected by a flange, so that the torque output of the third drive shaft (9-2) is transmitted to the disc base (9-10) without gap, thereby driving the disc base (9-10) to rotate synchronously around the axis of the third drive shaft (9-2); The left and right sides of the disc base (9-10) are respectively provided with fixing structures for installing connecting plates (9-6). The fixing structure is preferably a U-shaped fixing slot or an equivalent clamping structure, so that multiple sets of connecting plates (9-6) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the disc base (9-10) and rotate synchronously with the disc base (9-10).

4. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 3, is characterized in that, The connecting plate (9-6) is provided with a boss guide rail (9-7), and the duckbill cavity forming assembly (9-9) is provided with a duckbill movable bearing (9-9-4) that is compatible with the boss guide rail (9-7), so that the duckbill cavity forming assembly (9-9) can achieve controlled opening and closing during the rotation of the disc base (9-10).

5. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The duckbill cavity-forming assembly (9-9) includes a fixed sleeve (9-9-6), an inoculation port (9-9-1), a movable duckbill one (9-9-2), a movable duckbill two (9-9-3), a return spring (9-9-5), and a duckbill movable bearing (9-9-4), wherein: The fixing sleeve (9-9-6) is used to provide a mounting base and axial positioning for the duckbill hole-forming component (9-9). The upper end of the fixing sleeve (9-9-6) is connected to and fixed to the inoculation port (9-9-1) by bolts, so that the inoculation port (9-9-1) and the seed potato seeding port (13-3) of the seeding device form a corresponding upper and lower seed dropping channel. The movable duckbill one (9-9-2) and movable duckbill two (9-9-3) are respectively provided with grooves that cooperate with the fixed sleeve (9-9-6), and are nested on the fixed sleeve (9-9-6) through the grooves to achieve relative opening and closing movement. The lower ends of the movable duckbill one (9-9-2) and movable duckbill two (9-9-3) form a soil-entry and hole-forming part, which can form a hole cavity when opened and tighten the hole shape when closed.

6. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 5, is characterized in that, The annular fixing plate (9-1) includes a bearing seat (9-3), which is nested with a fixing sleeve (9-9-6) on one side of the duckbill cavity forming assembly (9-9) via a connector (9-5) to provide lateral support to the duckbill cavity forming assembly (9-9) as it rotates with the disc base (9-10). The inner ring of the circular fixing plate (9-1) is nested in the fixing clamp (9-4) on the side frame (14) and is clamped and limited by the fixing clamp (9-4). The fixing clamp (9-4) is fixed to the side frame (14) by bolts, so that the circular fixing plate (9-1) maintains a stable position relative to the side frame (14).

7. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seed potato fan-shaped disc seeding device (13) includes a movable fan-shaped disc (13-1), a seed-dropping disc box (13-2), and a seed-dropping transmission device (10), wherein: The movable fan-shaped disc (13-1) is positioned above the seed-dropping disc box (13-2). The movable fan-shaped disc (13-1) has eight fan blades forming eight seeding boxes. The eight seeding boxes are evenly distributed along the circumference to separate, carry, and transport the seed potatoes according to the rhythm during the rotation of the movable fan-shaped disc (13-1). At least one seed potato planting port (13-3) is provided below the seed dropping disc box (13-2). The seed potato planting port (13-3) is located above the inoculation port (9-9-1) of the duckbill hole-forming component (9-9), so that when the seed potato falls from the seed potato planting port (13-3), it can enter the inoculation port (9-9-1) under the action of gravity.

8. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 7, is characterized in that, The seeding transmission device (10) includes a support base (10-1), a bevel gear reducer (10-2), and a fourth transmission shaft (13-4). The seed-dropping disc box (13-2) is welded to the support base (10-1). The bevel gear reducer (10-2) is fixed to the upper inner side of the support base (10-1) by bolts. The bevel gear reducer (10-2) is connected to the fourth transmission shaft (13-4) by a key to transmit the input torque to the fourth transmission shaft (13-4).

9. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronous hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The film coating device (4) includes a film mounting frame (4-1), a film pressing wheel (5), a connecting frame (5-2), a suspension plate (4-4), a film mounting rod (4-2), a film spreading rod (4-3), a spring (4-5), and a film pressing wheel connecting rod (5-1), wherein: The film mounting frame (4-1) is welded to the lower front of the two side frames (14). The film mounting rod (4-2) is nested in the lower circular hole of the film mounting frame (4-1) and fixed by a cotter pin, and is used to support and release the film roll. The film spreading rod (4-3) is set below the film mounting rod (4-2). The film spreading rod (4-3) is fixed to one side of the suspension plate (4-4) by bolts. The other side of the suspension plate (4-4) is suspended by bolts to the lower hole of the film mounting frame (4-1) to realize the height and posture adjustment of the film spreading rod. The pressing wheel (5) is located behind the film hanging frame (4-1). A connecting frame (5-2) is provided at the center of the pressing wheel (5). The connecting frame (5-2) is connected to the film hanging frame (4-1) by bolts. The pressing wheel connecting rod (5-1) is nested and fixed on the extension frame behind the film hanging frame (4-1). A spring (4-5) is provided on the outer sleeve of the pressing wheel connecting rod (5-1). The upper end of the pressing wheel connecting rod (5-1) is positioned and cooperated with the film hanging frame (4-1) through a pin hole, a washer and a cotter pin, so that the pressing wheel (5) continuously presses the film under the elastic pre-tightening action of the spring (4-5) and floats with the terrain, so as to suppress the phenomenon of film peeling or loosening caused by the periodic soil entry of the hole-forming mechanism.

10. The conjugate eccentric coupling phase-synchronized hole-forming and seeding integrated potato planting machine with sprouts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering device (7) includes a soil covering plate (7-1), a soil covering fixing bracket (7-2), and a movable fixing component (7-3). The soil covering fixing bracket (7-2) is set on the extension frame of the rear frame (15). The movable fixing component (7-3) is nested in the lower end of the soil covering fixing bracket (7-2). A fixing rod is provided behind the soil covering plate (7-1) and nested and fixed with the movable fixing component (7-3) so that the angle and spacing of the soil covering plate (7-1) can be adjusted, thereby gathering the soil on both sides of the ridge surface towards the hole on the film to achieve soil covering and hole closing. The power transmission system (17) includes a ground wheel device (6), a first transmission hexagonal shaft (8), a second transmission shaft (6-2), and a third transmission shaft (9-2). The ground wheel device (6) takes power and outputs it through the second transmission shaft (6-2). The first sprocket (6-3) on the second transmission shaft (6-2) and the second sprocket (6-4) located at the ground wheel hexagonal bearing (6-9) form a chain drive through a chain to transmit the ground wheel torque to the first transmission hexagonal shaft (8). The first transmission hexagonal shaft (8) is provided with a third sprocket (8-1) and a fifth sprocket (8-2) in the middle, and the third transmission shaft (9-2) is provided with a fourth sprocket (8-3) and a sixth sprocket (8-4) in the middle. The third sprocket (8-1) and the fourth sprocket (8-3) form a first chain drive through a chain, and the fifth sprocket (8-2) and the sixth sprocket (8-4) form a second chain drive through a chain, so as to realize the stable power input and distribution from the first transmission hexagonal shaft (8) to the third transmission shaft (9-2).

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