A lithium battery-powered fire blanket

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of fire extinguishing equipment for lithium batteries and discloses a fire blanket specifically designed for lithium battery firefighting. It comprises a fire-facing layer, a middle layer, and a fire-retardant layer. The fire-facing layer actively and instantly ruptures upon contact with an open flame, causing the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition in the middle layer to gush out, achieving rapid and targeted release of the fire extinguishing composition. The middle layer is made of a hydrogel fire extinguishing composition encapsulated within the fire-facing layer. This hydrogel fire extinguishing composition includes a combination of phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen-based flame retardants, intumescent flame retardants, a gelling agent, and water, which work together to efficiently extinguish the fire. The fire-retardant layer is made of a high-temperature resistant material and is used to prevent the spread of open flames and / or smoke generated during a lithium battery fire. This invention combines multiple functions, including oxygen isolation and continuous cooling, effectively covering the fire source, suppressing flame spread, and penetrating deep into the lithium battery to prevent reignition. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for various lithium battery fire scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire extinguishing equipment for lithium batteries, and more specifically, relates to a fire extinguishing blanket for lithium battery fire fighting. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium battery fires are characterized by rapid fire development, intense energy release, sustained high temperatures, and a high risk of reignition. In particular, because the thermal runaway reaction inside the battery is difficult to interrupt, simply isolating oxygen or using conventional fire extinguishing agents is often insufficient to effectively control the fire and prevent reignition. This technical problem has increasingly attracted attention from multiple application fields.

[0003] Currently, fire blankets are commonly used to extinguish lithium battery fires. However, most conventional fire blankets only provide physical isolation and lack continuous cooling capabilities. Therefore, their effectiveness in extinguishing lithium battery fires is limited, failing to suppress internal battery reactions and heat buildup, leading to a high risk of reignition. To address this, some solutions have been proposed in the prior art. For example, CN221229856U discloses a fire blanket comprising a blanket body and hydrogel disposed on the surface and / or inside the blanket body. When a fire occurs on the goods covered by the fire blanket, the hydrogel can absorb heat and smoke, reducing the risk of fire spread.

[0004] However, further research shows that although existing fire blankets of this type combine a blanket body with hydrogel, the hydrogel cannot quickly come into direct contact with the fire source and lacks intelligent response, which greatly affects the actual fire extinguishing effect; in other words, there is still considerable room for improvement in terms of response speed and targeting of fire extinguishing points. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address one or more of the above-mentioned deficiencies or needs of existing technologies, this invention provides a fire blanket specifically designed for lithium battery firefighting. By closely integrating the multifaceted characteristics and specific needs of lithium battery fire scenarios, targeted improvements are made to the specific structural form of the fire blanket, especially its working mechanism and the functional combination design of the extinguishing agent. Consequently, it not only achieves a rapid and intelligent response mechanism of "dry storage-wet extinguishing," but also provides an integrated solution of "cooling-suffocation-prevention of reignition" for lithium battery fires. It also has advantages such as compact structure, easy folding and storage, on-site use, strong targeting of fire points, and significantly improved fire extinguishing efficiency, making it particularly suitable for various lithium battery firefighting applications.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to the present invention, a fire blanket specifically designed for lithium battery firefighting is provided, characterized in that it comprises, from the outside to the inside, a fire-facing layer, an intermediate layer, and a fire-dissipating layer, wherein: The fire-resistant layer is configured to wrap around the outer surface of the intermediate layer, and is designed to actively and instantly rupture upon contact with an open flame, allowing the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition of the intermediate layer to gush out, thereby achieving rapid and targeted release of the fire extinguishing composition. The intermediate layer is made of the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition encapsulated in the fire-facing layer and extends along the outer surface of the fire-dissipating layer. The hydrogel fire extinguishing composition includes phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen-based flame retardants, intumescent flame retardants, gelling agents, and water, etc., wherein the intumescent flame retardant expands rapidly upon heating, thereby increasing the coverage and insulation area for lithium battery fires; the gelling agent and water undergo continuous evaporation upon heating, thereby absorbing latent heat and achieving sustained and deep cooling of lithium battery fires; the phosphorus-based and nitrogen-based flame retardants are used to directly adhere to the lithium battery, thereby jointly performing the functions of fire extinguishing, cooling, and insulation. The fire-resistant layer is made of high-temperature resistant material and is used to block the open flame generated in the event of a lithium battery fire.

[0007] Based on the above concept, on the one hand, the multi-layer composite structure ensures a dry and lightweight blanket-like structure during storage and transport. In the event of a lithium battery fire, the fire-facing layer designed in this invention is easily and quickly damaged, enabling the targeted, rapid, and controllable release of the extinguishing agent, effectively solving the technical pain point that liquid extinguishing agents are difficult to store and apply in blanket-like products. On the other hand, the intermediate layer designed in this application, as a functional intelligent release layer, can actively release the extinguishing agent the instant it comes into contact with flames or high temperatures (e.g., within seconds), achieving a functional leap from physical isolation to active fire extinguishing, significantly improving the response speed and fire point targeting of fire extinguishing. Building upon this, the present invention further improves the functional combination of the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition in the intermediate layer. The intumescent flame retardant expands rapidly upon heating, significantly increasing the coverage and insulation area, thus more effectively encapsulating the battery pack, suffocating the flame, and blocking radiant heat. The gel and moisture evaporate continuously and slowly upon heating, absorbing a large amount of latent heat, providing deep and sustained cooling to the battery cell, and fundamentally inhibiting the spread of thermal runaway and reignition. In this way, the combined use of these various materials ensures a significant improvement in fire extinguishing effect and efficiency, making it particularly suitable for various lithium battery-specific fire-fighting applications.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fire-resistant layer is preferably made of materials such as temperature-sensitive nylon, silicone paper, TPU hot melt film, TPEE hot melt film, EVA hot melt film, and PES hot melt film.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple intermediate layers, which extend along the outer surface of the far-fire layer to form a grid arrangement; in addition, each of the intermediate layers has a corresponding fire-directing layer independently attached to its outer surface.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, when viewed from the thickness direction of the fire-attracting layer, the intermediate layer and the fire-facing layer that are closely attached to its outer surface each present outwardly protruding sections, and a certain interval is maintained between each of the outwardly protruding sections, thereby forming a hinge segment for folding the fire blanket.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of each of the outwardly protruding sections is preferably 1cm-3cm, and the interval between adjacent outwardly protruding sections is preferably 0.3cm-6cm.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the outwardly protruding sections of the intermediate layer is preferably sewn onto the far-field layer at fixed intervals.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fire-resistant layer is preferably made of one or a combination of the following materials: high-silica cloth, glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid cloth, polyimide cloth, etc.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned special fire extinguishing blanket is formed into a sandwich composite structure when viewed in the overall thickness direction.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention mainly possess the following technical advantages: (1) Design of composite structure and working mechanism: The technical innovation of this invention lies first in the targeted improvement of the specific structural form of lithium battery fire-fighting blanket, especially the working mechanism. Accordingly, under normal circumstances, the liquid hydrogel fire extinguishing composition can be pre-encapsulated in the fire blanket interlayer in the form of plastic coating. This design ensures that the product is a dry, lightweight blanket-like solid when stored and carried, and the gel will not be released under low temperature conditions. The fire blanket can be used as a means of fire prevention. Only in the event of a fire, the fire extinguishing agent can be released in a fixed point, quickly and controllably by means of rapid breakage of the fire layer, which solves the technical problem that liquid fire extinguishing agents are difficult to store and apply in blanket products. (2) "Intelligent release" function design of the intermediate layer: The intermediate layer designed in this invention is not a simple liquid storage layer, but a functional intelligent unit that combines encapsulated hydrogel and heat-triggered rapid release technology; it uses materials such as heat-sensitive nylon, silicone paper, TPU hot melt film, TPEE hot melt film, EVA hot melt film, and PES hot melt film as fire-facing layer, as a "temperature sensing switch", which actively breaks upon contact with flames or high temperatures (usually within a few seconds). This directly triggers the internal plastic-encapsulated hydrogel fire extinguishing composition to gush out, realizing a functional leap from "physical isolation" to "active fire extinguishing", with response speed and fire extinguishing targeting far exceeding traditional fire blankets; (3) Functional combination design of hydrogel fire extinguishing composition: The hydrogel fire extinguishing composition designed in this invention has made targeted improvements in its functional combination design. The intumescent hydrogel fire extinguishing composition used will cause the intumescent flame retardant to expand rapidly after being heated. This expansion process greatly increases the coverage and heat insulation area, which can more effectively wrap the battery pack, suffocate the flame and block radiant heat, and save hydrogel. At the same time, the water in the gel can evaporate continuously and slowly, absorb a large amount of latent heat, and deeply and persistently cool the battery cell, inhibiting the spread of thermal runaway and reignition from the source. In addition, the use of other fire extinguishing agents can also be directly attached to the lithium battery, thereby jointly playing the functions of fire extinguishing, cooling and heat insulation. (4) Integrated solution of "cooling-suffocation-prevention of reignition": This invention closely combines the characteristics of lithium battery fires of "high temperature and easy reignition" and provides a corresponding systematic solution. It simultaneously achieves the following multiple functional effects, including but not limited to: rapid suffocation, which isolates oxygen by covering with a blanket; deep cooling, which cools the battery surface and gaps by absorbing heat and evaporating hydrogel; and long-term protection, which continuously blocks oxygen and dissipates heat by covering with a gel residue layer and an expansion body, forming a physical and chemical barrier to prevent reignition. (5) The special fire blanket according to the present invention has multiple functions of isolating oxygen and continuously cooling. It can effectively cover the fire source, suppress the spread of flames, and deeply control the internal temperature of the battery through the continuous cooling effect of hydrogel to prevent reignition. It has a compact structure and is easy to use. It is suitable for various lithium battery fire scenarios, including electric vehicles, energy storage power stations, power tools and portable electronic devices, etc. Therefore, it provides a high-efficiency and safe special fire-fighting equipment for lithium battery fire fighting. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural side view of a lithium battery-powered fire extinguishing blanket according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of a lithium battery-powered fire extinguishing blanket according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein: 11-Distant fire layer; 12-Intermediate layer; 13-Fire-facing layer; 14-Hinge section. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0018] It should be understood that expressions such as "comprising" and "may include" as used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "comprising" and / or "having" may be interpreted as indicating a specific characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0019] It should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of a lithium battery-powered fire extinguishing blanket according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of a lithium battery-powered fire blanket according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The following will refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 This will be explained in more detail to illustrate the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket designed in this invention comprises, from the outside to the inside, a fire-facing layer 13, an intermediate layer 12, and a fire-dissipating layer 11, wherein: The fire layer 13 is provided to wrap the outer surface of the intermediate layer 12, which is used to actively and instantly break when exposed to open flame, so that the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition of the intermediate layer 12 can be released, thereby achieving rapid and targeted release of the fire extinguishing composition. The intermediate layer 12 is made of a hydrogel fire extinguishing composition encapsulated in the fire-facing layer 13 and extends along the outer surface of the fire-reducing layer 11. The hydrogel fire extinguishing composition includes phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen-based flame retardants, intumescent flame retardants, gelling agents, and water, etc., wherein the intumescent flame retardant expands rapidly upon heating, thereby increasing the coverage and insulation area for lithium battery fires; the gelling agent and water undergo continuous evaporation upon heating, thereby absorbing latent heat and achieving sustained and deep cooling of lithium battery fires; the phosphorus-based and nitrogen-based flame retardants are used to directly adhere to the lithium battery, thereby jointly performing the functions of fire extinguishing, cooling, and insulation. The fire-resistant layer 11 is made of high-temperature resistant material and is used to block the open flame generated in the event of a lithium battery fire.

[0024] Specifically, the fire-facing layer 13 can be made of materials that break rapidly upon contact with fire or high temperatures, preferably such as heat-sensitive nylon, silicone paper, TPU hot melt film, TPEE hot melt film, EVA hot melt film, PES hot melt film, etc., to ensure rapid rupture upon contact with a fire source, allowing the extinguishing agent in the intermediate layer 12 to act on the fire source in a timely manner. The intermediate layer 12 is a cooling and flame-retardant layer composed of a hydrogel fire extinguishing composition. This composition includes an intumescent flame retardant, a conventional flame retardant, water, and a gelling agent, and is encapsulated in a plastic-encapsulated structure. It can be released upon contact with high temperatures and continuously exerts its heat-absorbing and flame-retardant effects. More specifically, the fire extinguishing composition preferably includes a mixture of phosphorus-based flame retardants (diammonium hydrogen phosphate, diammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phytate, etc.), nitrogen-based flame retardants (urea, melamine), intumescent flame retardants (vermiculite), gelling agents (cellulose, gellan gum, carrageenan, etc.), and water, and is encapsulated in a film such as plastic. This hydrogel fire extinguishing composition can improve the continuous cooling capacity, extinguish fires quickly, and expand slightly at high temperatures, further thickening the insulation layer. Furthermore, the material of the fire-retardant layer 11 is preferably high-silica cloth, fiberglass cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid cloth, polyimide cloth, etc., as these materials have high-temperature resistance and can effectively block the spread of open flames.

[0025] Through the above design, the multi-layered composite structure, viewed in terms of overall thickness, resembles a sandwich structure. This ensures a dry, lightweight, blanket-like structure during storage and transport. In the event of a lithium battery fire, the fire-facing layer is easily and quickly broken, enabling the targeted, rapid, and controlled release of the extinguishing agent. This effectively solves the technical challenge of storing and applying liquid extinguishing agents in blanket-like products. Simultaneously, the intermediate layer, as a functional intelligent release layer, can actively release the extinguishing agent upon contact with flames or high temperatures (e.g., within seconds), achieving a functional leap from physical isolation to active fire suppression, significantly improving the response speed and targeting of the fire.

[0026] It should also be emphasized that this invention has made targeted improvements to the functional combination of the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition in the intermediate layer; the intumescent flame retardant expands rapidly upon heating, significantly increasing the coverage and insulation area, which can more effectively encapsulate the battery pack, suffocate the flame, and block radiant heat; the gel and moisture evaporate continuously and slowly upon heating, absorbing a large amount of latent heat, providing deep and sustained cooling to the battery cell, and fundamentally inhibiting the spread of thermal runaway and reignition; in this way, the combined use of the above-mentioned materials ensures a significant improvement in fire extinguishing effect and efficiency, and is therefore particularly suitable for various lithium battery fire-fighting applications.

[0027] See Figure 2According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple intermediate layers 12, which extend along the outer surface of the far-fire layer 11, thereby forming a grid arrangement; in addition, each intermediate layer 12 has a corresponding fire-adapting layer 13 independently attached to its outer surface.

[0028] More specifically, see also Figure 1 Viewed from the thickness direction of the fire-attracting layer 11, the intermediate layer 12 and the fire-facing layer 13, which is closely attached to its outer surface, each present an outwardly protruding section, and a certain interval is maintained between each outwardly protruding section, thereby forming a hinge section 14 for folding the fire blanket. For example, the thickness of each outwardly protruding section is preferably 1cm-3cm, and the interval between adjacent outwardly protruding sections is preferably 0.3cm-6cm.

[0029] In other words, the fire-facing layer serves as the base of the fire blanket. It contains multiple protruding sections encased in a hydrogel extinguishing composition, consisting of an intermediate layer and a fire-facing layer. Each protruding section is spaced at a suitable distance, forming a "hinge" for easy folding of the fire blanket. In practical use, the fire-facing side must be aligned with the fire source or thermal runaway battery for extinguishing. After the fire-facing layer ruptures, a large amount of hydrogel extinguishing composition adheres directly to the battery, achieving highly efficient fire extinguishing, cooling, and heat insulation effects.

[0030] Several specific embodiments are given below to more clearly explain the specific product forms of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1 In this embodiment, the fire-facing layer is made of high-silica cloth; the fire-extinguishing composition consists of 1% diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 1% urea, 1% vermiculite, 2% gellan glue, and the remaining water. After being stirred evenly, the mixture is wrapped with plastic film to form a 1cm thick intermediate layer; TPU hot melt film is selected as the fire-facing layer, and the intermediate layer is wrapped in it and sewn onto the fire-facing layer at fixed intervals to form a lithium battery-specific fire-extinguishing blanket.

[0032] Example 2 In this embodiment, the fire-attracting layer is made of aramid fabric; the fire extinguishing composition consists of 1% sodium phytate, 1% melamine, 1% vermiculite, 2% carrageenan, and the remainder water. After being stirred evenly, the mixture is wrapped with plastic film to form a 2cm thick intermediate layer; heat-sensitive nylon is selected as the fire-attracting layer, and the intermediate layer is wrapped in it and sewn onto the fire-attracting layer at fixed intervals to form a lithium battery-specific fire blanket.

[0033] In summary, the lithium battery fire blanket designed according to this invention combines multiple functions such as oxygen isolation and continuous cooling, effectively covering the fire source, suppressing flame spread, and penetrating deep into the lithium battery to prevent reignition. It not only achieves a rapid intelligent response mechanism of "dry storage - wet extinguishing," but also provides an integrated solution for lithium battery fires, encompassing "cooling - suffocation - reignition prevention." Furthermore, it boasts advantages such as compact structure, easy folding for storage and on-site use, strong targeting of fire points, and significantly improved extinguishing efficiency. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for various lithium battery fire-fighting applications and possesses good versatility and promotional value.

[0034] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing blanket specifically for lithium battery firefighting, characterized in that, From the outside to the inside, it consists of a fire-facing layer (13), an intermediate layer (12), and a far-fire layer (11), wherein: The fire-facing layer (13) is provided to wrap the outer surface of the intermediate layer (12), and is used to actively and instantaneously rupture when exposed to open flame, so that the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition of the intermediate layer (12) can be released, thereby achieving rapid and targeted release of the fire extinguishing composition. The intermediate layer (12) is made of the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition encapsulated in the fire-facing layer (13) and extends along the outer surface of the fire-repellent layer (11); the hydrogel fire extinguishing composition includes phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen-based flame retardants, intumescent flame retardants, gelling agents, and water, wherein the intumescent flame retardant expands rapidly upon heating, thereby increasing the coverage and insulation area for lithium battery fires; the gelling agent and water undergo continuous evaporation upon heating, thereby absorbing latent heat and achieving sustained and deep cooling of lithium battery fires; the phosphorus-based flame retardant and nitrogen-based flame retardant are used to directly adhere to the lithium battery, thereby jointly playing the functions of fire extinguishing, cooling, and insulation; The fire-resistant layer (11) is made of high-temperature resistant material and is used to block the open flame generated during a lithium battery fire.

2. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fire-resistant layer (13) is preferably made of materials such as temperature-sensitive nylon, silicone paper, TPU hot melt film, TPEE hot melt film, EVA hot melt film, and PES hot melt film.

3. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, There are multiple intermediate layers (12), which extend along the outer surface of the far-fire layer (11) to form a grid arrangement. In addition, each intermediate layer (12) has a corresponding fire-facing layer (13) independently attached to its outer surface.

4. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Viewed from the thickness direction of the fire-attracting layer (11), the intermediate layer (12) and the fire-facing layer (13) which is close to its outer surface each present outward protruding sections, and each of the outward protruding sections maintains a certain interval, thereby forming a hinge section (14) for folding the fire blanket.

5. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of each of the outwardly protruding sections is preferably 1cm-3cm, and the interval between adjacent outwardly protruding sections is preferably 0.3cm-6cm.

6. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The outwardly protruding sections of the intermediate layer (12) are preferably sewn onto the far-field layer (11) at fixed intervals.

7. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The fire-resistant layer (11) is preferably made of one or a combination of the following materials: high-silica cloth, glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid cloth, polyimide cloth, etc.

8. The lithium battery-specific fire extinguishing blanket as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The aforementioned special fire blanket has a sandwich composite structure when viewed in terms of its overall thickness.

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