Intelligent anti-blocking gas-solid two-phase dosing management system and method based on internet of things regulation

Abstract

A smart anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system and method based on Internet of Things (IoT) control includes a gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection component, a material conditioning component, an anti-clogging component, and a sensing and control component. The gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection component is used to achieve mixing, conveying, and directional injection of carrier gas and catalyst particles. It adopts a Venturi injection structure and is equipped with a throat effective diameter adjustment component. This component is a continuously variable diameter throat or a multi-specification throat switching structure, which adjusts or selects the effective throat diameter according to powder particle size, powder supply rate, target gas-solid ratio, powder supply valve opening, or clogging risk parameters. The microcontroller of the sensing and control component calculates the target gas-solid ratio based on the real-time carbon monoxide concentration and adjusts the inlet proportional valve and powder supply proportional valve. It also adjusts the operating frequency of the anti-clogging component according to the powder supply status, throat effective diameter, or gas-solid momentum flux ratio. This invention can improve carbon monoxide treatment efficiency and reduce catalyst waste and injection clogging risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas-solid two-phase transport and injection technology and is applied to the field of carbon monoxide treatment technology. Specifically, it is an intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system and method based on Internet of Things control. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of carbon monoxide treatment and powder spraying within a confined space, existing technologies have several limitations and shortcomings. First, powder agglomeration and clogging are prominent issues. In high-humidity environments or when processing ultrafine powders, traditional nozzles are prone to powder agglomeration, bridging, or deposition at the inlet, throat, or spraying zone, leading to uneven spraying, frequent clogging, and reduced treatment efficiency. Second, the gas-solid ratio is difficult to adjust dynamically in real time. Existing spraying systems have fixed structures or require manual adjustment, making it impossible to optimize the gas-solid ratio in real time based on environmental carbon monoxide concentration and powder characteristics, limiting precise spot treatment capabilities and system response speed. Third, anti-clogging measures are inefficient. Existing anti-clogging methods mostly rely on mechanical vibration or fixed-frequency ultrasound, lacking intelligent control and powder supply linkage, making it difficult to adapt to changes in powder flow rate and high-humidity environments, resulting in high energy consumption and catalyst waste. Fourth, intelligent and remote control functions are lacking. Traditional systems lack IoT architecture and real-time monitoring capabilities, failing to achieve intelligent control, data acquisition, and remote operation, thus limiting system automation and treatment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide an intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system and method based on Internet of Things (IoT) control. This system can automatically adjust the gas-solid ratio and control the throat diameter according to the environment and powder state, and achieve continuous injection through ultrasonic anti-clogging synergy. It can improve the efficiency of targeted carbon monoxide treatment in a confined space, ensure stable and uniform dosing of ultrafine powder, and reduce catalyst waste and the risk of injection clogging.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A smart anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control includes: A gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection assembly is used to mix and inject carrier gas and catalyst particles. Preferably, it is a Venturi tube. The assembly, along the airflow direction, includes, in sequence: a converging section, a throat, and a diverging section. The inlet end of the converging section is connected to a gas source, the throat is connected to the outlet end of the converging section, and the diverging section is connected to the outlet end of the throat. The throat has a powder channel on its wall for introducing powder. The powder channel intersects the central axis of the throat at an acute angle, with the angle of intersection being... satisfy: Furthermore, the material introduction direction of the powder channel converges laterally with the main airflow direction in a co-current manner; The effective diameter adjustment component for the trachea is located at the trachea and is used to dynamically adjust the effective diameter of the trachea according to control commands. This makes the effective path Median particle size of catalyst particles suitable for the system The ratio always satisfies: ; Anti-clogging components include ultrasonic anti-clogging components that are attached to the outer wall at the junction of the powder channel and the throat. The material regulating component includes an air intake proportional valve disposed at the air intake end and a powder supply proportional valve disposed at the powder inlet end of the powder channel. The sensing and control components include a carbon monoxide concentration sensor, a pressure sensor, a powder flow sensor, and a microcontroller distributed within the treatment space. The carbon monoxide concentration sensor, pressure sensor, powder flow sensor, ultrasonic anti-clogging component, air intake proportional valve, powder supply proportional valve, and throat effective diameter adjustment component are all communicatively connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is used to determine the target operating gas-solid ratio based on the carbon monoxide concentration and adjust the inlet proportional valve and the powder supply proportional valve; it controls the effective diameter adjustment component of the throat based on the catalyst particle size, powder supply status and gas-solid momentum flux ratio; and it adjusts the frequency and power of the ultrasonic anti-blocking component based on the opening degree of the powder supply proportional valve and the risk of blockage, so that all components work together.

[0005] Preferably, the effective diameter adjustment component of the throat tube adopts a continuously variable diameter structure or a multi-specification throat tube switching structure; The continuously variable diameter structure includes an elastic throat segment, an adjusting sleeve fitted around the outer periphery of the elastic throat segment, and a drive mechanism connected to the adjusting sleeve. The adjusting sleeve has a tapered inner wall, and the drive mechanism drives the adjusting sleeve to move axially along the throat, so that the tapered inner wall applies radial compression or release to the elastic throat segment, thereby continuously changing the effective diameter of the throat. ; The multi-specification throat switching structure includes a rotary switching seat and multiple replaceable throat units disposed on the rotary switching seat. Each replaceable throat unit has a different diameter. The rotary switching seat is used to select and switch replaceable throat units with different diameters according to control commands.

[0006] Preferably, in order to ensure the best entrainment effect of the gas and solid phases at the throat and to prevent material from impacting the opposite side of the pipe wall, the present invention requires that the gas inlet gas and the introduced powder at the throat meet the gas-solid momentum flux ratio. relation: In the formula: The density of the intake gas is expressed in kg·m³. -3 This is obtained by measuring the pressure sensor; The gas velocity at the throat is expressed in m / s. -1 The microcontroller determines the air pressure and the effective diameter of the throat based on the carrier gas pressure. The gas flow rate is calculated. The effective diameter of the throat after dynamic adjustment is expressed in meters (m), and is adjusted in real time by a microcontroller-controlled throat effective diameter adjustment component. The apparent density of the catalyst particles is expressed in kg·m³. -3 , obtained from system pre-stored parameters or experimentally measured values; The powder flow velocity at the powder channel outlet is expressed in m / s. -1 The microcontroller determines the amount of powder supplied based on the opening of the proportional valve, data from the powder flow sensor, and the effective diameter of the throat. calculate; The inner diameter of the powder channel is in meters (m). The angle of inclination between the powder channel and the throat, in rad (radians). When the system is running, the microcontroller uses real-time collected data on pressure, powder flow rate, and effective throat diameter. And catalyst characteristics, calculation and Based on this, the gas-solid dynamic flux ratio is calculated. And by adjusting the valve and throat diameter, Maintain in real time Within the range.

[0007] Preferably, the microcontroller has a built-in dynamic gas-solid ratio adjustment model; the microcontroller obtains the real-time carbon monoxide concentration from the carbon monoxide concentration sensor. And calculate the target operating gas-solid ratio in real time. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: and These are the set lower and upper limits of the operating gas-solid ratio (dimensionless, 6~14). Real-time carbon monoxide concentration, in % (can be volume fraction or mass concentration, depending on the actual range of the sensor). The safe concentration threshold is expressed in % (%). This is the environmental sensitivity coefficient, with units of and . Matching ensures the exponential term Dimensionless; Boundary conditions: When C(t)≤ hour, = ; When C(t) hour, .

[0008] The microcontroller is based on the obtained target operating gas-solid ratio The opening degree of the intake proportional valve and the powder supply proportional valve is controlled in real time and proportionally.

[0009] Preferably, the microcontroller and the ultrasonic anti-blocking component employ an adaptive frequency conversion control model based on the square root relationship; the real-time excitation frequency of the ultrasonic anti-blocking component... The opening ratio of the powder supply proportional valve The relationship is as follows: In the formula: The base anti-blocking frequency is set to 20kHz; To maximize the compensation frequency difference, set it to 20kHz; This represents the real-time opening degree of the powder supply proportional valve, with a value ranging from 0 to 1.

[0010] The value range is 20~40kHz.

[0011] Preferably, the expansion angle of the gradually expanding segment satisfy: The contraction angle of the tapering section satisfy: .

[0012] Preferably, the effective diameter of the throat tube It is 2.5-8mm.

[0013] Preferably, the sensing and control components of the present invention further include a wireless communication module, which is communicatively connected to a microcontroller and is used to upload carbon monoxide concentration, valve opening, effective throat diameter, gas-solid momentum flux ratio, and ultrasonic anti-blocking component operating parameters to a cloud platform or remote terminal, and to receive remote control parameters.

[0014] This invention also provides an intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing treatment method based on Internet of Things control, comprising the following steps: S1. A carbon monoxide concentration sensor collects real-time concentration data within the treated space. And send it to the microcontroller; S2, the microcontroller processes the concentration data. Substituting the built-in dynamic gas-solid ratio adjustment model and adaptive variable frequency control model, the optimal gas-solid ratio required at any given time is calculated in real time. Based on this, the opening of the intake proportional valve and the powder supply proportional valve are determined and adjusted; S3, based on the proportional valve opening degree Calculate the anti-blocking ultrasonic frequency A frequency modulation signal is sent to the ultrasonic anti-blocking component, with an execution frequency of [frequency value missing]. The adaptive acoustic fluidization is preferably performed at 20–26 kHz under normal low powder loading conditions; simultaneously, the kHz frequency is adjusted according to the particle size of the loaded catalyst. The feed rate and load are used to send control commands to the throat effective diameter adjustment component to adjust the throat effective diameter. Ensure the gas-solid momentum flux ratio Maintain between 15 and 45; S4. The system repeats steps S1 to S3 until the carbon monoxide concentration in the confined space drops below the safety threshold, then switches to low-energy standby cruise mode.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this invention constructs an intelligent collaborative control system based on carbon monoxide concentration feedback. The microcontroller determines the target operating gas-solid ratio based on the real-time changes in carbon monoxide concentration within the treatment space, and uses the gas-solid momentum flux ratio as the control mechanism. To constrain the effective diameter of the intake proportional valve, powder supply proportional valve, and throat pipe. In addition, the ultrasonic anti-blocking component is used for coordinated control, so that the catalyst addition, gas-solid two-phase entrainment transport and ultrasonic anti-blocking form a dynamic control relationship that matches each other.

[0016] Specifically, this invention dynamically adjusts the catalyst powder supply based on changes in carbon monoxide concentration, ensuring that the catalyst dosage matches the actual treatment needs; simultaneously, it optimizes the effective flow path of the throat. With respect to the median particle size of the catalyst This invention optimizes the flow constraints of powder before it enters the throat and improves the powder's ability to be stably entrained by the airflow after entering the throat. Furthermore, it introduces a gas-solid momentum flux ratio. Constraints are used to keep the gas momentum and powder momentum within a suitable entrainment stability range, thereby ensuring continuous and stable transport of catalyst powder.

[0017] This invention also relates the powder supply proportional valve opening degree to the ultrasonic excitation frequency. The system employs a linkage control mechanism to adaptively adjust the ultrasonic anti-clogging parameters according to changes in powder load. When the powder supply load increases, the system synchronously increases the ultrasonic excitation frequency and / or power to suppress powder agglomeration, deposition, or blockage at the junction of the powder channel and throat. When the carbon monoxide concentration decreases or the powder supply load drops, the system correspondingly reduces the powder supply and adjusts the ultrasonic anti-clogging parameters to reduce catalyst consumption and operating energy consumption.

[0018] Therefore, this invention improves the adaptive capability and operational stability of the injection system under complex working conditions through coordinated control of carbon monoxide concentration feedback, target gas-solid ratio calculation, effective throat diameter matching, gas-solid momentum flux ratio constraint, and ultrasonic frequency conversion anti-clogging, ensuring smooth catalyst injection and uniform distribution, thereby improving carbon monoxide treatment efficiency. After treatment is completed, it switches to a low-energy standby cruise mode, achieving efficient, stable, and energy-saving treatment results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-solid two-phase transport and injection assembly in this invention; Figure 3 This is the throat effective diameter adjustment component in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-specification throat switching structure in this invention.

[0020] in: 1. Gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection assembly; 2. Inlet proportional valve; 3. Pressure sensor; 4. Catalyst powder silo; 5. Powder feeder; 6. Powder supply proportional valve; 7. Powder channel; 8. Powder flow sensor; 9. Ultrasonic anti-clogging assembly; 10. Carbon monoxide concentration sensor; 11. Converging section; 12. Throat; 13. Diverging section; 14. Treatment space; 15. Throat effective diameter adjustment assembly; 16. Sensing and control assembly; 17. Microcontroller; 18. Inlet proportional valve drive module; 19. Powder supply proportional valve drive module; 20. Throat effective diameter adjustment assembly drive module; 21. Ultrasonic drive module; 22. Wireless communication module; 23. Cloud platform; 24. Drive mechanism; 25. Adjusting sleeve; 26. Rotary switching seat; 27. Replaceable throat unit; 28. Flexible throat section; 29. ​​Conical inner wall. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control includes: A gas-solid two-phase transport and injection assembly 1 is used to mix and inject carrier gas and catalyst particles. Its structural form includes, but is not limited to, Venturi, ejector, coaxial, or swirling injection structures. This invention employs a Venturi injection structure, preferably a single section of Venturi tube. The gas-solid two-phase transport and injection assembly 1 includes, along the airflow direction, a converging section 11, a throat 12, and a diverging section 13. The inlet end of the converging section 11 is connected to a gas source to introduce the carrier gas. The throat 12 is connected to the outlet end of the converging section 11, and the diverging section 13 is connected to the outlet end of the throat 12. A powder channel 7 for introducing powder is provided on the wall of the throat 12. The powder channel 7 intersects the central axis of the throat 12 at an acute angle, with the angle of intersection being... satisfy: Furthermore, the material introduction direction of the powder channel 7 converges laterally with the main airflow direction in a co-current manner. The gas-solid two-phase conveying and spraying assembly of the present invention is sequentially provided with a tapering section 11, a throat 12, and a expanding section 13 along the airflow direction. The tapering section 11 is used to accelerate the airflow. The throat 12 is the area where the airflow velocity reaches its maximum and the pressure is its lowest, and it is also the key area for powder introduction and gas-solid mixing. The expanding section 13 is used to decelerate the airflow and increase the pressure, while uniformly spraying the mixed gas-solid two-phase flow into the treatment space. Combined with the fact that the central axis of the powder channel 7 and the throat 12 intersects at an acute angle with an inclination angle between 30 and 60 degrees, and that the powder material introduction direction converges laterally with the main airflow direction in a co-current manner, it can promote the uniform mixing of the carrier gas and catalyst particles, and reduce the risk of powder agglomeration and blockage at the inlet. Because the acute angle intersection and co-current convergence optimize the fluid dynamics of powder introduction, it avoids the deposition caused by improper angle in traditional systems.

[0023] The effective diameter adjustment component 15 of the trachea is disposed at the trachea 12 and is used to dynamically adjust the effective diameter of the trachea 12 according to control commands. This makes the effective path Median particle size of catalyst particles suitable for the system The ratio always satisfies: The present invention provides an effective tracheal diameter adjustment component 15, which is installed at the trachea 12, and dynamically adjusts the effective tracheal diameter according to control commands. This ensures that the ratio of the effective diameter to the median particle size of the catalyst particles is maintained between 66 and 200. This dynamic adjustment can adapt to the powder characteristics of different catalyst particle sizes, optimize the flow characteristics in the throat 12, and prevent clogging problems caused by changes in catalyst particle size.

[0024] The anti-clogging component includes an ultrasonic anti-clogging component 9 attached to the outer wall at the junction of the powder channel 7 and the throat 12. The anti-clogging component of the present invention is an ultrasonic anti-clogging component attached to the outer wall at the junction of the powder channel 7 and the throat 12. By applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the area where the powder is prone to clogging, it can effectively destroy the adhesion between the powders, maintain the flowability of the powder, prevent the powder from agglomerating and depositing, and improve the anti-clogging efficiency.

[0025] The material regulating component includes an air intake proportional valve 2 disposed at the air intake end and a powder supply proportional valve 6 disposed at the powder inlet end of the powder channel 7. The material regulating component of the present invention includes an air intake proportional valve 2 and a powder supply proportional valve 6. The air intake proportional valve 2 is used to control the flow rate of the carrier gas entering the system and is disposed at the air intake end. The powder supply proportional valve 6 is used to control the amount of catalyst particles added and is disposed at the powder inlet end of the powder channel 7. Real-time dynamic control of the gas-solid ratio is achieved by adjusting the opening degree of the air intake proportional valve 2 and the powder supply proportional valve 6.

[0026] The sensing and control component 16 includes a carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10, a pressure sensor 3, a powder flow sensor 8, and a microcontroller 17 distributed within the treatment space 14. The carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10, pressure sensor 3, powder flow sensor 8, ultrasonic anti-clogging component 9, intake proportional valve 2, powder supply proportional valve 6, and throat effective diameter adjustment component 15 are all communicatively connected to the microcontroller 17. The carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10 of this invention can monitor the carbon monoxide concentration within the treatment space 14 in real time. The microcontroller 17 is communicatively connected to all components and coordinates the control of the intake proportional valve 2, powder supply proportional valve 6, diameter adjustment, and anti-clogging component based on the real-time carbon monoxide concentration data monitored by the carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10, further solving the clogging problem. The microcontroller 17 is used to determine the target operating gas-solid ratio based on the carbon monoxide concentration and adjust the inlet proportional valve 2 and the powder supply proportional valve 6; control the effective diameter adjustment component 15 of the throat according to the catalyst particle size, powder supply status and gas-solid momentum flux ratio; and adjust the frequency and power of the ultrasonic anti-blocking component 9 according to the opening degree of the powder supply proportional valve 6 and the risk of blockage, so that the components work together.

[0027] The effective diameter adjustment component 15 of the throat tube adopts a continuously variable diameter structure or a multi-specification throat tube switching structure. This invention provides two structures to achieve dynamic adjustment of the effective diameter of the throat tube, thus solving the problems of inflexible adjustment and low efficiency. In one embodiment, the effective diameter adjustment component 15 adopts a continuously variable diameter structure, which includes an elastic throat tube segment 28, an adjusting sleeve 25, and a driving mechanism 24. The elastic throat tube segment 28 is disposed at the throat tube 12 and constitutes at least a part of the throat tube 12; the adjusting sleeve 25 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the elastic throat tube segment 28, and the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 25 forms a conical inner wall 29. The driving mechanism 24 is connected to the adjusting sleeve 25 and is used to drive the adjusting sleeve 25 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the throat tube 12. When the adjusting sleeve 25 moves in the first direction, the conical inner wall 29 gradually compresses the elastic throat segment 28, causing the elastic throat segment 28 to contract radially, thereby reducing the effective diameter of the throat 12. When the adjusting sleeve 25 moves in the opposite direction, the radial compression effect of the conical inner wall 29 on the elastic throat segment 28 weakens or is released, allowing the elastic throat segment 28 to recover under its own elasticity, thereby increasing the effective diameter of the throat 12. In another embodiment, the throat effective diameter adjustment component 15 adopts a multi-specification throat switching structure. The multi-specification throat switching structure includes a rotary switching seat 26 and multiple replaceable throat units 27 disposed on the rotary switching seat 26. Different throat units with different diameters are selected by rotating the switching seat 26 to adapt to different powder particle sizes and powder supply requirements. Those skilled in the art can adjust the effective diameter of the throat 12 based on the above structural description.

[0028] With the above structure, the effective diameter of the throat 12 can be continuously adjusted within a preset range, so that the system can match the throat diameter in real time according to the catalyst particle size, powder supply load, carbon monoxide concentration and gas-solid momentum flux ratio, thereby reducing the risk of powder agglomeration, bridging or deposition at the junction of the throat 12 and the powder channel 7.

[0029] To ensure optimal entrainment of the gas and solid phases at throat 12 and prevent material from impacting the opposite pipe wall, the gas entering throat 12 and the introduced powder must meet a gas-solid momentum flux ratio. relation: In the formula: The density of the intake gas is expressed in kg·m³. -3 This is obtained by measuring the pressure sensor; The gas velocity at the throat is expressed in m / s. -1 The microcontroller determines the pressure of the carrier gas and the diameter of the throat tube. The gas flow rate is calculated. The effective diameter of the throat after dynamic adjustment is expressed in meters (m), and is adjusted in real time by a microcontroller-controlled throat effective diameter adjustment component. The apparent density of the catalyst particles is expressed in kg·m³. -3 , obtained from system pre-stored parameters or experimentally measured values; The powder flow velocity at the powder channel outlet is expressed in m / s. -1 The microcontroller determines the amount of powder supplied based on the opening of the proportional valve, data from the powder flow sensor, and the effective diameter of the throat. calculate; The inner diameter of the powder channel is in meters (m). The angle of inclination between the powder channel and the throat, in rad (radians). The gas-solid momentum flux ratio of this invention The coordinated matching formula integrates multiple factors such as the density of the intake gas, gas velocity, throat diameter, powder apparent density, powder velocity, channel inner diameter, and the inclination angle between the powder channel and the throat, accurately calculating the gas-solid momentum flux ratio and avoiding uneven mixing caused by deviation of a single parameter; when the system is running, the microcontroller 17 achieves coordinated control to... It can monitor and adjust relevant parameters in real time to keep the momentum-flux ratio within the optimal range, avoiding blockage or uneven injection caused by excessively high or low values, thereby improving the stability and treatment efficiency of the system.

[0030] Microcontroller 17 is an STM32 microcontroller with a built-in dynamic gas-solid ratio adjustment model; microcontroller 17 obtains the real-time carbon monoxide concentration from carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10. And calculate the target operating gas-solid ratio in real time. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: and These are the set lower and upper limits of the operating gas-solid ratio (dimensionless, 6~14). Real-time carbon monoxide concentration, in % (can be volume fraction or mass concentration, depending on the actual range of the sensor). The safe concentration threshold is expressed in % (%). This is the environmental sensitivity coefficient, with units of and . Matching ensures the exponential term Dimensionless; Boundary conditions: When C(t)≤ hour, = ; When C(t) hour, .

[0031] The microcontroller 17 is based on the obtained target operating gas-solid ratio The present invention can provide a suitable gas-solid ratio, optimize the gas-solid mixing effect, reduce the risk of blockage and improve catalyst utilization by synchronously adjusting the valve openings of the intake proportional valve 2 and the powder supply proportional valve 6 in real time and proportionally.

[0032] The microcontroller 17 and the ultrasonic anti-blocking component 9 of this invention employ an adaptive frequency conversion control model based on the square root relationship; the real-time excitation frequency of the ultrasonic anti-blocking component 9... The opening ratio of the powder supply proportional valve 6 The relationship is as follows: In the formula: The base anti-blocking frequency is set to 20kHz; To maximize the compensation frequency difference, set it to 20kHz; The real-time opening degree of the powder supply proportional valve 6 has a value range of 0 to 1.

[0033] To further alleviate the congestion problem, the present invention will increase the expansion angle of the gradually expanding segment 13. Set to: The contraction angle of the tapering segment 11 Set to: This is to reduce the impact of airflow separation and localized backflow on powder deposition.

[0034] To promote efficient mixing of carrier gas and catalyst particles, and to ensure stable entrainment under different catalyst particle sizes and different powder supply loads, this invention reduces the effective diameter of the throat 12. Set to 2.5~8mm. During operation, the effective diameter of the throat... The effective diameter adjustment component 15 of the throat can be adjusted or switched according to the control command of the microcontroller 17 so that the throat structure matches the catalyst particle size, powder supply status and gas-solid momentum flux ratio.

[0035] To further prevent powder agglomeration, bridging, or deposition at the junction of powder channel 7 and throat 12, this invention employs an ultrasonic anti-clogging component 9 to apply acoustic fluidization to the easily clogged area. The real-time excitation frequency of the ultrasonic anti-clogging component 9... The frequency range is 20~40kHz, which is adaptively adjusted according to the real-time opening degree and blockage risk of the powder supply proportional valve 6. Under normal low powder load operation conditions, 20~26kHz is preferred to balance the anti-blockage effect and operating energy consumption.

[0036] The sensing and control component 16 of the present invention also includes a wireless communication module 22, which is communicatively connected to the microcontroller 17 and is used to upload carbon monoxide concentration, valve opening, effective throat diameter, gas-solid momentum flux ratio and ultrasonic anti-blocking component operating parameters to the cloud platform 23 or a remote terminal, and to receive remote control parameters.

[0037] A smart anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing treatment method based on Internet of Things control includes the following steps: S1, Carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10 collects concentration data within the treatment space 14 in real time. And send it to microcontroller 17; S2, Microcontroller 17 transmits concentration data Substituting the built-in dynamic gas-solid ratio adjustment model and adaptive variable frequency control model, the optimal gas-solid ratio required at any given time is calculated in real time. Based on this, the opening of the intake proportional valve 2 and the powder supply proportional valve 6 are determined and adjusted; S3, based on the proportional valve opening degree Calculate the anti-blocking ultrasonic frequency A frequency modulation signal is sent to the ultrasonic anti-blocking component 9, with an execution frequency of [frequency value missing]. The adaptive acoustic fluidization is preferably performed at 20–26 kHz under conventional low powder loading conditions; simultaneously, the particle size of the loaded catalyst is considered. The system controls the powder feed rate and load, and sends a control command to the throat effective diameter adjustment component 15 to adjust the throat effective diameter. Ensure the gas-solid momentum flux ratio Maintain between 15 and 45; S4. The system repeats steps S1 to S3 until the carbon monoxide concentration in the confined space drops below the safety threshold, then switches to low-energy standby cruise mode.

[0038] Using the above method, the carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10 collects concentration data in the treated space 14 in real time. The data is then sent to microcontroller 17, which, as the core of the system, receives the real-time concentration data. Then, the ratio is substituted into the preset dynamic gas-solid ratio adjustment model and adaptive frequency conversion control model to calculate the optimal gas-solid ratio required for the current environment in real time. and anti-blocking ultrasonic frequency At the same time, the microcontroller 17 will also consider the particle size of the loaded catalyst. The feed rate and load are used to send commands to the throat effective diameter adjustment component 15 to dynamically adjust the throat effective diameter. Subsequently, the microcontroller 17 synchronously outputs control electrical signals to the intake proportional valve 2 and the powder supply proportional valve 6, precisely adjusting their opening ratios to meet the calculated optimal gas-solid ratio. During this process, the system incorporates the effective pipe diameter after adjustment. Value, ensuring gas-solid dynamic flux ratio It remains within the range of 15 to 45. Simultaneously, the microcontroller 17 sends a frequency modulation signal to the ultrasonic anti-blocking component 9, executing at a frequency of... The adaptive acoustic fluidization effectively prevents powder blockage. The entire system cyclically executes the above steps until the carbon monoxide concentration in the treated space 14 drops below the safe threshold, at which point the system automatically switches to a low-energy standby cruise mode. Thus, the system achieves coordinated control between carbon monoxide concentration feedback, gas-solid ratio adjustment, throat diameter regulation, and ultrasonic anti-blocking, improving both the stable entrainment and uniform injection of catalyst particles and reducing the risk of powder agglomeration, deposition, and blockage at the junction of powder channel 7 and throat 12. This improves the efficiency of carbon monoxide treatment in a confined space and reduces catalyst waste and system operating energy consumption. Example 1

[0039] This embodiment provides an intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control, used for targeted catalytic treatment of carbon monoxide in a confined space. The system includes a gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection component 1, a material adjustment component, a throat effective diameter adjustment component 15, an anti-clogging component 9, and a sensing and control component 16.

[0040] The gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection assembly 1 includes a converging section 11, a throat 12, and a diverging section 13. The powder channel 7 introduces catalyst particles laterally in the co-current direction. The inclination angle between the powder channel and the throat is [value missing]. This achieves stable entrainment and reduces local deposition; the effective diameter adjustment component 15 of the throat tube can adopt a continuously variable diameter structure or a multi-specification throat tube switching structure. The continuously variable diameter structure adjusts the effective diameter of the throat tube 12 through the drive mechanism 24 and the adjusting sleeve 25, while the multi-specification switching structure selects a replaceable throat tube unit 27 with a different diameter through the rotating switching seat 26. , ... To accommodate different powder particle sizes and powder supply rates.

[0041] The material regulating assembly includes an inlet proportional valve 2 and a powder supply proportional valve 6, used to regulate the carrier gas flow rate and catalyst powder supply. The catalyst powder silo 4 is connected to the powder channel 7 via a powder feeder 5. A powder flow sensor 8 and a pressure sensor 3 are used to collect data on the powder conveying status and carrier gas pressure, respectively. The anti-clogging assembly 9 is an ultrasonic anti-clogging assembly used to suppress powder agglomeration, bridging, or deposition.

[0042] The sensing and control component 16 includes a microcontroller 17, a carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10, a wireless communication module 22, and an optional cloud platform 23. The microcontroller 17 calculates the target gas-solid ratio based on real-time collected data such as carbon monoxide concentration, powder characteristics, powder supply status, carrier gas pressure, and valve opening, and performs constraint optimization by combining the gas-solid momentum flux ratio. Simultaneously, it adjusts the inlet proportional valve 2, the powder supply proportional valve 6, the effective diameter adjustment component 15 of the throat, and the ultrasonic anti-clogging component 9 to achieve intelligent control.

[0043] System intelligent operation and coordinated adjustment mechanism: This system uses a microcontroller 17 for multi-parameter depth control of structural diameter change, gas-solid mixture, and acoustic anti-clogging.

[0044] First, based on the physical structure, powder channel 7... The acute angle of the injection port cuts into the throat 12 in the downstream direction. This structure not only utilizes Bernoulli's principle to achieve negative pressure injection, but also imparts initial axial momentum to the powder, completely avoiding the mechanical blockage caused by impact with the opposite pipe wall, rebound, and vortex accumulation in traditional vertical injection methods. The intelligent coordinated control of the entire system is as follows: 1. When changing to different batches of catalyst (particle size) When changes occur (such as changes in the amount of powder required) or when the powder supply demand increases by an order of magnitude, the microcontroller 17 prioritizes driving the throat effective diameter adjustment component 15, dynamically changing the throat effective diameter by adjusting the flap 25 or the switching unit 27. , making It consistently maintains the optimal ejection range of 66-200. Simultaneously, when controlling the intake proportional valve 2 and the powder supply proportional valve 6, the microcontroller 17 consistently maintains the gas-solid dynamic flux ratio within the current flow path. Strictly controlled between 15 and 45, ensuring that the airflow rate can improve the stability of powder entrainment under any pipe diameter.

[0045] 2. The microcontroller 17 uses the real-time concentration data transmitted back from the carbon monoxide concentration sensor 10. Through the built-in exponential formula Calculate the target gas-solid ratio. For example, when the real-time concentration... When the value slightly exceeds the warning value, the exponential term decreases, and the system automatically adjusts the intake proportional valve 2 and the powder supply proportional valve 6 to maintain the lower limit gas-solid ratio 6 and perform low powder consumption cruise; when the carbon monoxide concentration rises sharply, the gas-solid ratio quickly climbs to close to the upper limit 14 and performs high-flux strong diffusion suppression.

[0046] 3. In high humidity environments, the microcontroller 17 mathematically binds the ultrasonic anti-clogging frequency to the opening degree of the powder supply proportional valve 6, and calculates the frequency in real time: In cases of mild pollution (with the powder supply proportional valve 6 at a very low opening), the square root term is small, and the system operates in a low-frequency mode close to 20kHz to disrupt the weak liquid bridge force, thus achieving energy saving and consumption reduction. However, in cases of severe pollution, the powder supply proportional valve 6 is fully open (high-flow powder intake, ... When it approaches 1), the risk of blockage increases exponentially. At this point, the frequency is continuously boosted to a high-frequency strong vibration mode of 40kHz to ensure that acoustic monodisperse fluidization is still achieved under the state of high-density powder aggregation.

[0047] Example test: To verify the feasibility and control effect of the intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing treatment system of the present invention under different operating conditions, the present invention provides six sets of operating condition tests.

[0048] This embodiment uses a Venturi-type gas-solid two-phase injection assembly 1, a material conditioning assembly, a throat effective diameter adjustment assembly 15, an anti-clogging assembly 9, and a sensing and control assembly 16. The catalyst particles are introduced into the powder channel 7 in a co-current lateral manner. The inclination angle between the powder channel 7 and the throat 12... The angle is fixed at 45° to ensure that the powder can stably enter the throat 12 and achieve good gas-solid mixing. The effective diameter adjustment component 15 of the throat can adopt a continuously variable diameter structure or a multi-specification throat switching structure. The effective diameter of the throat 12 can be adjusted by the drive mechanism 24 and the adjusting sleeve 25, or by rotating the switching seat 26 to select a replaceable throat unit 27 with a different diameter. , ... It can adapt to different powder particle sizes and powder supply requirements.

[0049] The parameter settings for each embodiment are as follows: In each embodiment, the microcontroller 17 calculates the target gas-solid ratio based on the real-time collected carbon monoxide concentration, powder characteristics, powder supply status and carrier gas pressure, and performs constraint optimization in combination with the gas-solid momentum flux ratio. At the same time, it adjusts the inlet proportional valve 2, the powder supply proportional valve 6, the throat effective diameter adjustment component 15 and the ultrasonic anti-blocking component 9 to achieve coordinated control of each component.

[0050] Parameter selection instructions: Gas-solid momentum flux ratio The ratio of throat diameter to powder particle size is limited to 15-45 to ensure a balance between entrainment capacity and anti-clogging risk; A value of 66~200 is used to balance high-speed entrainment and low agglomeration risk; the ultrasonic frequency and the powder supply valve opening are related by the square root to ensure that the anti-clogging energy matches the powder supply; the powder channel angle... A fixed angle of 45° can optimize the powder introduction and gas-solid mixing effect.

[0051] The above embodiments fully demonstrate that the present invention can achieve efficient treatment of carbon monoxide in a confined space by adjusting the throat diameter, matching gas-solid momentum, and integrating ultrasonic anti-blocking control, while ensuring stable powder injection.

Claims

1. A smart anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control, characterized in that, include: A gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection assembly (1) is used to mix and inject carrier gas and catalyst particles. The gas-solid two-phase conveying and injection assembly (1) includes, in sequence along the airflow direction: a converging section (11), a throat (12), and a diverging section (13). The inlet end of the converging section (11) is used to connect to a gas source. The throat (12) is connected to the outlet end of the converging section (11), and the diverging section (13) is connected to the outlet end of the throat (12). A powder channel (7) for introducing powder is provided on the wall of the throat (12). The powder channel (7) intersects the central axis of the throat (12) at an acute angle, and the angle of intersection is... satisfy: Furthermore, the material introduction direction of the powder channel (7) converges laterally with the main airflow direction; The effective diameter adjustment component (15) of the larynx is disposed at the larynx (12) and is used to dynamically adjust the effective diameter of the larynx (12) according to the control command. This makes the effective path Median particle size of catalyst particles suitable for the system The ratio always satisfies: ; The anti-clogging component includes an ultrasonic anti-clogging component (9) attached to the outer wall at the junction of the powder channel (7) and the throat (12). The material regulating component includes an air intake proportional valve (2) located at the air intake end and a powder supply proportional valve (6) located at the powder inlet end of the powder channel (7). The sensing and control component (16) includes a carbon monoxide concentration sensor (10), a pressure sensor (3), a powder flow sensor (8), and a microcontroller (17) distributed in the treatment space (14). The carbon monoxide concentration sensor (10), pressure sensor (3), powder flow sensor (8), ultrasonic anti-clogging component (9), air intake proportional valve (2), powder supply proportional valve (6), and throat effective diameter adjustment component (15) are all connected to the microcontroller (17) in communication. The microcontroller (17) is used to determine the target operating gas-solid ratio based on the carbon monoxide concentration and adjust the inlet proportional valve (2) and the powder supply proportional valve (6); control the effective diameter adjustment component (15) of the throat according to the catalyst particle size, powder supply status and gas-solid momentum flux ratio; and adjust the frequency and power of the ultrasonic anti-blocking component (9) according to the opening degree of the powder supply proportional valve (6) and the risk of blockage, so that the components work together.

2. The intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective diameter adjustment component (15) of the throat tube adopts a continuously variable diameter structure or a multi-specification throat tube switching structure. The continuously variable diameter structure includes an elastic throat section (28), an adjusting sleeve (25) sleeved around the outer periphery of the elastic throat section (28), and a drive mechanism (24) connected to the adjusting sleeve (25). The adjusting sleeve (25) has a tapered inner wall (29), and the drive mechanism (24) is used to drive the adjusting sleeve (25) to move axially along the throat (12), so that the tapered inner wall (29) applies radial compression or release to the elastic throat section (28), thereby continuously changing the effective diameter of the throat (12). ; The multi-specification throat switching structure includes a rotary switching seat (26) and multiple replaceable throat units (27) disposed on the rotary switching seat (26). Each replaceable throat unit (27) has a different diameter. The rotary switching seat (26) is used to select and switch replaceable throat units (27) with different diameters according to control commands.

3. The intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas entering at the throat (12) and the introduced powder satisfy the gas-solid flux ratio. relation: In the formula: The density of the intake gas; The gas flow velocity at the throat; The effective duct diameter after dynamic adjustment of the larynx; The apparent density of the catalyst particles; The powder flow rate at the powder channel outlet; The inner diameter of the powder channel; The angle between the powder channel and the throat; When the system is running, the microcontroller (17) calculates the pressure, powder flow rate, and effective throat diameter in real time. And catalyst characteristics, calculation and Based on this, the gas-solid dynamic flux ratio is calculated. And by adjusting the valve and throat diameter, Maintain in real time Within the range.

4. The intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microcontroller (17) has a built-in dynamic gas-solid ratio adjustment model; the microcontroller (17) obtains the real-time carbon monoxide concentration from the carbon monoxide concentration sensor (10). And calculate the optimal gas-solid ratio for the target operation in real time. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: and The lower limit for the operating gas-solid ratio is 6 and the upper limit is 14, respectively. This represents the real-time carbon monoxide concentration. The safe concentration threshold; Environmental sensitivity coefficient; Boundary conditions: when ≤ hour, = ; when hour, ; The microcontroller (17) is based on the obtained target operating optimal gas-solid ratio. The opening degree of the intake proportional valve (2) and the powder supply proportional valve (6) is adjusted in real time according to the ratio.

5. The intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microcontroller (17) and the ultrasonic anti-blocking component (9) adopt an adaptive frequency conversion control model based on the square root relationship; the real-time excitation frequency of the ultrasonic anti-blocking component (9) The opening ratio of the powder supply proportional valve (6) The relationship is as follows: In the formula: The base anti-blocking frequency is set to 20kHz; To maximize the compensation frequency difference, set it to 20kHz; The real-time opening degree of the powder supply proportional valve (6) ranges from 0 to 1.

6. The intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion angle of the gradually expanding segment (13) satisfy: The contraction angle of the tapering segment (11) satisfy: .

7. The intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective diameter of the throat (12) It is 2.5-8mm.

8. The intelligent anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing and treatment system based on Internet of Things control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing and control component (16) also includes a wireless communication module (22), which is connected to the microcontroller (17) for uploading carbon monoxide concentration, valve opening, effective throat diameter, gas-solid momentum flux ratio and ultrasonic anti-blocking component operating parameters to the cloud platform (23) or remote terminal, and receiving remote control parameters.

9. A smart anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing treatment method based on Internet of Things (IoT) control, employing the smart anti-clogging gas-solid two-phase dosing treatment system based on IoT control as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Carbon monoxide concentration sensor (10) collects concentration data in the treatment space (14) in real time. And send it to the microcontroller (17); S2, the microcontroller (17) will process the concentration data. Substituting the built-in dynamic gas-solid ratio adjustment model and adaptive variable frequency control model, the optimal gas-solid ratio required at any given time is calculated in real time. Based on this, determine and adjust the opening of the intake proportional valve (2) and the powder supply proportional valve (6); S3, Microcontroller (17) according to the proportional valve opening Calculate the anti-blocking ultrasonic frequency A frequency modulation signal is sent to the ultrasonic anti-blocking component (9), and the execution frequency is... The adaptive acoustic fluidization is preferably performed at 20–26 kHz under normal low powder loading conditions; simultaneously, the kHz frequency is adjusted according to the particle size of the loaded catalyst. The feed rate and load are controlled by sending a control command to the throat effective diameter adjustment component (15) to adjust the throat effective diameter. Ensure the gas-solid momentum flux ratio Maintain between 15 and 45; S4. The system repeats steps S1 to S3 until the carbon monoxide concentration in the confined space drops below the safety threshold, then switches to low-energy standby cruise mode.

Images